Publications (69)148.21 Total impact
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Article: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulates emitted by motorcycles.
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ABSTRACT: We determined eleven PAHs and four NPAHs in particulates and regulated pollutants (CO, CO(2), HC, NO(x), PM) exhausted from motorcycles to figure out the characteristics of motorcycle exhausts. Fluoranthene and pyrene accounted for more than 50% of the total detected PAHs. Among four detected NPAHs, 6-nitrochrysene and 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene were the predominant NPAHs and were highly correlated relationship with their parent PAHs (R = 0.93 and 0.97, respectively). The PM and HC emissions tended to be close to the PAH emissions. NO(x) and NPAHs were negatively correlated. Despite their small engine size, motorcycles emitted much more PM and PAHs, showed stronger PAH-related carcinogenicity and indirect-acting mutagenicity, but weaker NPAH-related direct-acting mutagenic potency than automobiles. This is the first study to analyze both PAHs and NPAHs emitted by motorcycles, which could provide useful information to design the emission regulations and standards for motorcycles such as PM.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987) 02/2013; · 3.43 Impact Factor -
Article: Biological effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives.
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ABSTRACT: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are included in various environmental pollutants such as airborne particles and have been reported to induce a variety of toxic effects. On the other hand, PAH derivatives are generated from PAHs both through chemical reaction in the atmosphere and metabolism in the body.PAH derivatives have become known for their specific toxicities such as estrogenic/antiestrogenic activities and oxidative stress, and correlations between the toxicities and structures of PAH derivatives have been shown in recent studies. These studies are indispensable for demonstrating the health effects of PAH derivatives, since they would contribute to the comprehensive toxicity prediction of many kinds of PAH derivatives.Journal of UOEH 01/2013; 35(1):17-24. -
Article: Detection of Dechlorane Plus and brominated flame retardants in marketed fish in Japan.
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ABSTRACT: Fish samples purchased from Japanese markets were analyzed for Dechlorane Plus (DP)(syn-, anti-), polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE), and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)(α, γ). Twenty fish were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for DP and PBDE, and using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for HBCD. DP was detected in 18 samples and ∑DP concentrations were <0.2-14.2 pg g(-1)wet wt. Among the DP isomers, anti-DP was the dominant residue observed in this study. PBDE was detected in all samples. Concentrations of ∑PBDE ranged from 2.2 to 878 pg g(-1) wet wt. HBCD was detected in 18 samples, and ∑HBCD concentrations were <0.02-21.9 ng g(-1)wet wt. In fish landed near the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan, we detected relatively high concentrations of DP, PBDE, and HBCD. These results indicate that the seawaters around East Asia are contaminated with flame retardants. This study demonstrates the presence of DP in fish marketed in Japan for the first time.Chemosphere 06/2012; 89(4):416-9. · 3.21 Impact Factor -
Article: Evaluation of urinary metabolites of 1-nitropyrene as biomarkers for exposure to diesel exhaust in taxi drivers of Shenyang, China.
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ABSTRACT: Diesel exhaust (DE) is a significant contributor to the toxicity associated with particulate matter (PM). 1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) has been used as a molecular marker for DE, and the urinary metabolites of 1-NP have been proposed as biomarkers for exposure to DE. In this study, several urinary 1-NP metabolites were evaluated for their utility as markers of short-term exposures to DE. The study population was a cohort of 24 taxi drivers from Shenyang, China, who submitted urine samples collected before, after, and the next morning following their workshifts. The urinary metabolites studied were isomers of hydroxy-1-nitropyrene (3-, 6-, 8- OHNPs) and hydroxy-N-acetyl-1-aminopyrene (3-,6-, 8-OHNAAPs). Exposure to DE was estimated based on exposure to 1-NP in air samples collected during and after the driver's workshift; 6- and 8-OHNP, and 8-OHNAAP were consistently detected in the drivers' urine. Concentrations of the metabolites in the taxi drivers' urine were greater than metabolite levels previously reported in non-occupationally exposed subjects; however no associations were observed between subject-specific exposures to 1-NP and urinary metabolites measured at the end of the workshift or in the next morning void. Significant autocorrelation was observed in metabolite levels in successive urine samples, from which half-lives for urinary elimination of ∼10-12 h were estimated. These observations suggest that, in an occupational setting, urinary 1-NP metabolites may be more suitable as markers of ongoing exposure (timescales of several days) rather than indicators of acute exposure associated with single workshifts.Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology advance online publication, 16 May 2012; doi:10.1038/jes.2012.40.Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 05/2012; · 2.93 Impact Factor -
Article: Analysis of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in human urine using hydrophilic interaction chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
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ABSTRACT: Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a widely used noninvasive biomarker of oxidative stress. A selective, sensitive and rapid method for determining 8-OHdG in human urine was developed using hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionization. 8-OHdG and isotopically labeled 8-OHdG (internal standard) were separated on a HILIC column with a mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium acetate: acetonitrile (1:9, v/v) within 10 min and detected by using a positive electrospray ionization interface under the selected reaction monitoring mode. The detection limits of 8-OHdG (corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for the HILIC-MS/MS system and the conventional method using a reversed-phase column with MS/MS were 1.0 and 26.0 fmol/injection, respectively. The proposed method makes it possible to monitor the basal level of urinary 8-OHdG from non-exposed healthy subjects and can be used for large-scale human studies.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 03/2012; 893-894:173-6. · 2.78 Impact Factor -
Article: Determination of benzo[a]pyrene-7,10-quinone in airborne particulates by using a chemiluminescence reaction of hydrogen peroxide and hydrosulfite.
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ABSTRACT: An ultraweak chemiluminescence (CL) was observed when sodium hydrosulfite (NaHSO(3)) reacts with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and was enhanced 70 times by adding 10 pmol benzo[a]pyrene-7,10-quinone (7,10-BaPQ). The CL reaction is fast, and it reached maximum intensity in 0.1 s, and then decayed to baseline in 3 s. Mechanism of NaHSO(3)-7,10-BaPQ-H(2)O(2) system were investigated by CL spectrum, radical scavengers and electron spin resonance (ESR). Hydroxyl radical ((•)OH), super oxide anion radical ((•)O(2)(-)), and sulfite radical ((•)SO(3)(-)) were generated in the NaHSO(3)-7, 10-BaPQ-H(2)O(2) system. Reduction of 7,10-BaPQ by (•)O(2)(-) radical gave excited semiquinone, which showed strong CL emission when decayed to its ground state. Maximum CL emission wavelength was located at 440 nm, which may belong to the excited semiquinone. This CL system was developed as post column detection of high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of 7,10-BaPQ. Linearity ranged from 50 fmol to 20 pmol (R(2) = 0.9995) with limit of detection of 30 fmol (S/N = 3). The proposed method was used to determine 7,10-BaPQ in airborne particulates. Average atmospheric concentrations of 7,10-BaPQ in Kanazawa in December 2010 and Wajima in October 2007 were 2.0 and 1.6 pg/m(3), respectively.Analytical Chemistry 02/2012; 84(7):3215-21. · 5.86 Impact Factor -
Article: Personal and atmospheric concentrations of ozone in southeastern Hyogo prefecture, Japan.
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ABSTRACT: Twenty-one data sets composed of readings collected by atmospheric ozone monitors worn by individuals on their clothing and installed outside their home or office were collected using Ogawa passive ozone samplers in southeastern Hyogo prefecture, Japan from September 12 to 13, 2011. The concentrations of personal and outdoor ozone ranged from not detectable to 23.2 ppb and from 4.7 to 38.3 ppb, respectively. The mean concentration of personal exposure to ozone was 3.7 ppb and was significantly lower than that of outdoor ozone (18.5 ppb). This suggests that the concentrations of outdoor ozone affect personal ozone exposure. However, in this study, we found no correlation between the concentrations of personal ozone and the total time spent outdoors or the time of day the individual was outside. In contrast, the mean concentrations of outdoor ozone were similar to those of ozone measured at the 12 nearest Ambient Monitoring Stations (AMSs). However, when the AMS was situated near a main road, the regional ozone levels were underestimated.Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 01/2012; 60(8):962-6. · 1.70 Impact Factor -
Article: [How do transport and metabolism affect on the biological effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?].
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ABSTRACT: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of which are carcinogenic/mutagenic, are generated by combustion of fossil fuels and also released through tanker or oilfield accident to cause a large scale environmental pollution. PAHs concentration in China is especially high in East Asia because of many kinds of generation sources such as coal heating systems, vehicles and factories without exhaust gas/particulate treatment systems. So, the atmospheric pollution caused by PAHs in China has been seriously concerned from the view point of health effects. Like yellow sand and sulfur oxide, PAHs exhausted in China are also transported to Japan. Additionally, strongly mutagenic nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), estrogenic/antiestrogenic PAH hydroxides (PAHOHs) and reactive oxygen species-producing PAH quinones (PAHQs) are formed from PAHs by the chemical reaction during the transport. Furthermore these PAHOHs and PAHQs are produced by the metabolism in animal body. In the biological activities caused by the above PAH derivatives, the structure-activity relationship was observed. In this review, our recent results on the generation of PAH derivatives by atmospheric transport and metabolism are reported. Also, the existing condition of PAHs as atmospheric pollutants is considered.YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 01/2012; 132(3):325-9. · 0.37 Impact Factor -
Article: On-line concentration and fluorescence determination HPLC for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater samples and its application to Japan Sea.
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ABSTRACT: An on‑line concentration and fluorescence determination HPLC for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater was proposed. An online concentration column packed with octadecyl polyvinyl alcohol polymer, a pump and a column switching valve were introduced in the conventional HPLC with a fluorescence detector. Only 1.0-100 mL seawater sample was introduced into the concentration column at 1.0 mL min(-1) without any other pretreatment except filtration. Then the trapped PAHs totally flew into the separation column and eluted separately to be detected fluorogenically. The proposed method had good linearity with correlation coefficients (r) ranged from 0.951 to 0.998, and limits of detection ranged from 0.002 to 0.50 ng L(-1) for 15 PAHs as 100 mL seawater was loaded. The sensitivity of the method was 10 to 100 times higher than those reported by other works. The proposed method was applied to the determination of PAHs in the seawater samples collected in the Japan Sea with satisfactory results and to check the present benzo[a]pyrene concentration at the beaches in Noto peninsula, Japan polluted with C-heavy oil spilled from the tanker in 1997.Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 01/2012; 60(4):531-5. · 1.70 Impact Factor -
Article: Hydrogen peroxide-sodium hydrosulfite chemiluminescence system combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of 1-hydroxypyrene in airborne particulates.
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ABSTRACT: In this research, a highly sensitive chemiluminescence method based on a sodium hydrosulfite (NaHSO(3))-hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) reaction for the determination of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) was developed. The response of this system was linear in the range from 0.5 to 50 pmol (R(2)=0.9983). The limit of detection for 1-OHP was 100 fmol (S/N=3). 1-OHP in airborne particulates was well separated from interfering compounds using an ODS column with 75% methanol as the mobile phase in isocratic mode. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the 1-OHP in airborne particulates collected in Kanazawa, Japan. The average concentration of 1-OHP in the atmosphere was 2.0 pg/m(3) (9.2 fmol/m(3)).Talanta 10/2011; 85(5):2711-4. · 3.79 Impact Factor -
Article: Atmospheric formation of hydroxynitropyrenes from a photochemical reaction of particle-associated 1-nitropyrene.
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ABSTRACT: The formation of hydroxynitropyrene (OHNP) via a photochemical reaction of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) was demonstrated using a UV irradiation system. The photoreaction of 1-NP in methanol gave products that were hydroxy-substituted at position 1 and mononitro-substituted at positions 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8 [1-hydroxy-x-nitropyrenes (1-OH-x-NPs); x = 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8]. 1-OH-2-NP and 1-OH-5-NP have been identified in ambient airborne particles for the first time. On the contrary, these two OHNP isomers were not found in standard reference materials (SRM) 1650b and SRM 1975, which are typical samples of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). The concentrations of the other OHNP isomers in the DEP samples were much lower than the concentration of 1-NP, which is a representative nitro-derivative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is emitted directly from combustion sources. On the other hand, significantly higher concentration ratios of ∑OHNP (=1-OH-3-NP + 1-OH-6-NP + 1-OH-8-NP) to 1-NP were observed in ambient airborne particles than in the DEP samples. In ambient airborne particles, the mean ∑OHNP/1-NP concentration ratio of 1.4 was 35 times higher than that in SRM 1650b and 470 times higher than that in SRM 1975. The diurnal concentration of 1-NP, which was observed at a typical residential area in Osaka, Japan, increased early in the morning and late in the evening, suggesting that automotive emissions contributed to the occurrence of 1-NP. The OHNP concentrations also rose in the morning, and variations of OHNP concentrations similar to those of 1-NP were observed during the daytime. However, the concentrations of OHNPs did not increase in the evening rush hour, and were low at night, i.e., in the absence of sunlight. These results support the idea that atmospheric OHNPs are predominantly formed via secondary formation processes; i.e., photochemical reactions of 1-NP are expected to have a significant effect on the occurrence of OHNPs in the atmosphere.Environmental Science & Technology 03/2011; 45(8):3325-32. · 4.80 Impact Factor -
Article: Determination of particle-associated hydroxynitropyrenes with correction for chemical degradation on a quartz fibre filter during high volume air sampling
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ABSTRACT: A correction method for the determination of atmospheric monohydroxylated derivatives of 1-nitropyrene (hydroxy-1-nitropyrenes, OHNPs) based on their degradation rates during high volume air sampling was established. OHNPs adsorbed directly on a quartz fibre filter (QFF) or on airborne particles collected on a QFF were exposed to ambient air passively or actively in a high volume air sampling system. The influence of ozone flux and exposure time on the degree of degradation of OHNPs was investigated. Up to 50% of OHNPs degraded over 1 h of exposure to ambient air containing 60 ppbv of ozone in the active system. The degradation rate constants of OHNPs were found to correlate with the number of ozone molecules passing through the QFF in a unit time (NO3) during high volume air sampling. The chemical loss of OHNPs under high volume air sampling conditions was successfully evaluated by the exposure time and the pseudo-first-order rate constant for OHNP degradation estimated from the correlation with NO3. Concentrations of 3-, 6-, and 8-hydroxy-1-nitropyrenes in airborne particles collected in Osaka, Japan were determined using the established correction method.International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 11/2010; 90(13):976-987. · 1.16 Impact Factor -
Article: Determination of Fusarium mycotoxins by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry coupled with immunoaffinity extraction.
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ABSTRACT: A method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2) and zearalenone (ZEN) in wheat and biscuit by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) coupled with immunoaffinity extraction is described. A clean-up was carried out using a DZT MS-PREP immunoaffinity column (IAC), and the effect of the sample dilution rate and sample loading was investigated. Furthermore, the effects of ion suppression of a multifunctional column (MFC) and the IAC in the clean-up were compared. The results with the DZT MS-PREP IAC showed that it is possible to make the sample dilution rate low, and indicated a higher solvent-tolerance than usual with an IAC. Sample loading was optimized at 0.25 g. Ion suppression was lowered by purification of the toxins using the DZT MS-PREP IAC. Recoveries of each mycotoxin from wheat and biscuit samples spiked at two levels ranged from 78 to 109%. The limits of detection in wheat and biscuit was in the range of 0.03-0.33 ng x g(-1). From these studies, it is suggested that use of an IAC is effective in the clean-up of each mycotoxin, and, when combined with LC/ESI-MS/MS, it is good for the determination of mycotoxins in foodstuffs due to its rapidity and high sensitivity.Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 08/2010; 24(16):2445-52. · 2.79 Impact Factor -
Article: Exposures to particulate air pollution and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among taxi drivers in Shenyang, China.
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ABSTRACT: Exposures to particulate matter (PM) of both 10-2.5 microm (PM(10-2.5)) and below 2.5 microm (PM(2.5)) were measured for a cohort of taxi drivers in Shenyang, China, during August 2007. PM samples were collected inside and outside the taxi during the drivers' workshifts, and also inside the drivers' homes when they were off-shift. Ambient PM samples were also collected at a stationary location in Shenyang. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were also measured in PM collected on quartz filters inside the taxis as well as at the stationary site. Concentrations of three nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), 1-nitropyrene (1NP), 2-nitropyrene (2NP), and 2-nitrofluoranthene (2NFl), were determined in extracts of the PM samples by using a 2D-HPLC-MS/MS method. The 2NP and 2NFl concentrations did not change substantially with sampling location, but the 1NP concentrations were much higher in samples collected inside and outside the taxis as compared with sampling locations that were more removed from traffic. Concentration ratios of specific NPAHs were used to assess the atmospheric conditions in Shenyang during the sampling period. The relatively high ratios of 2NFl/1NP ( approximately 8-50) indicate an important contribution from secondary NPAH formation to ambient NPAH levels, especially for the nontaxi samples. The ratios of 2NFl/2NP (2.5-4.3) indicate that 2NFl is primarily formed via the hydroxyl-initiated reaction.Environmental Science and Technology 01/2010; 44(1):216-21. · 5.23 Impact Factor -
Article: Quantification of iprodione in dry basil using silica gel supported titanium dioxide.
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ABSTRACT: Iprodione is an agricultural fungicide that is difficult to detect in foods by HPLC because it coelutes with natural compounds in the food. We previously showed that food matrix could be degraded with titanium dioxide powder (TP). Here we describe an improved method for detection of iprodione using silica gel supported titanium dioxide (SGT). To synthesize SGT, titania-sol was mixed with diethanolamine, 2-propanol, and titanium tetraisopropoxide. After titania-sol was infiltrated into the silica gel (particle diameter 4 mm), the mixture was dried and then heated. Crude basil extract containing iprodione was mixed with SGT in a quartz vial, and the vial was irradiated with a UV light to selectively decompose the matrix interfering with the iprodione determination. In HPLC chromatograms of the treated solution, the interference peak decreased 35 times faster with SGT than with TP. When SGT (11 g) was added to the extract (20 mL) of dry basil (2 g), black light irradiation for 30 min was enough to quantify iprodione. The recovery rate of iprodione was 99.1%. Thus, the photocatalytic cleanup method using SGT is effective for analyzing residual iprodione in dry basil.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 12/2009; 58(3):1416-9. · 2.82 Impact Factor -
Article: Indirect- and direct-acting mutagenicity of diesel, coal and wood burning-derived particulates and contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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ABSTRACT: Particulates exhausted from two types of diesel engines (DEPs), burning-derived particulates from three types of coal (CBPs) and burning-derived particulates from three types of wood (WBPs) were separated into four fractions by silica-gel column chromatography using n-hexane, n-hexane-dichloromethane (3:1, v/v), dichloromethane and methanol, as the corresponding eluents. The indirect-acting mutagenicity of each fraction was assayed by the Ames test using the Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain with S9 mix and the direct-acting mutagenicity was assayed using the S. typhimurium TA98 strain without S9 mix. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) of each fraction were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both direct- and indirect-acting of mutagenicities were the highest in samples of DEPs. The contributions of PAHs in samples of WBPs and NPAHs in DEPs were the largest, respectively.Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 11/2009; 695(1-2):29-34. · 2.85 Impact Factor -
Article: Determination of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry.
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ABSTRACT: Fusarium species, a plant pathogenic fungus of wheat and other cereals, produces toxic metabolites such as nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON). Control of contamination by these toxins is very difficult, and a continuous survey of the occurrence is necessary for these toxins. Thus, the accurate and convenient determination of the cereals contaminated with these toxins is important for the supply of safe foods. A selective analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography, combined with atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) mass spectrometry, has been developed for simultaneous determination of NIV and DON. The parameters investigated for the optimization of APPI were the ion source parameters fragmentor voltage, capillary voltage, and vaporizer temperature, and also mobile phase composition and flow rate. Furthermore, chemical noise and signal suppression of analyte signals due to sample matrix interference were investigated for APPI. The results indicated that APPI provides lower matrix effect and the correlation coefficient of NIV and DON in the range 0.2-100 ng x mL(-1) was above 0.999. Recoveries of NIV and DON in wheat ranged from 86 to 107% and limits of detection of NIV and DON were 0.20 ng x g(-1) and 0.39 ng x g(-1), respectively. In addition, the proposed method was applied for the analysis of naturally contaminated wheat samples. APPI was found to offer lower matrix effect and was a convenient technique for routine analysis of NIV and DON residues in wheat at trace levels.Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 11/2009; 23(19):3119-24. · 2.79 Impact Factor -
Article: Determination of airborne particle-associated benz[a]anthracene-7,12-quinone using high-performance liquid chromatography with in-line reduction and fluorescence detection.
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ABSTRACT: A simple and sensitive method for measuring airborne particle-associated benz[a]anthracene-7,12-quinone (BaAQ) based on two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was established. The system involves an ODS column for sample clean up, a 6-port switching valve, an ODS column for trapping the fraction containing BaAQ, an ODS column for sample separation, and a Pt-Rh catalytic column for reduction of BaAQ to a corresponding fluorescent compound. The accuracy of the assay, as applied to airborne particulate sample extracts spiked with known amounts of BaAQ was 94-108%. The detection limit was 97 fmol per injection (signal-to-noise ratio=3), and the calibration range was from 1 to 100 pmol with excellent proportionality (R(2)=0.9995). BaAQ in airborne particles collected in Osaka, Japan every 3 h was successfully measured using the established analytical method with simple sample preparation steps: ultrasonic extraction in organic solvent and concentration under reduced pressure and/or nitrogen stream.Journal of chromatography. A 09/2009; 1216(39):6758-61. · 4.19 Impact Factor -
Article: Long-range transport of fluoride in East Asia monitored at Noto Peninsula, Japan.
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ABSTRACT: Airborne particulate matter was collected at Wajima, the Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa, Japan by a high-volume air sampler with a quartz fiber filter every week from September 17, 2004 to September 16, 2005. The filter was newly changed every week. There are no major emission sources of atmospheric pollutants near the sampling site. Water-soluble fluoride anion extracted from the filters was analyzed by ion chromatography. The concentration of non-sea-salt fluoride was higher during the heating period of China (from October 15, 2004 to April 15, 2005), significantly higher during the period of Asian Dust (from the mid of April to the beginning of May in 2005), than that in the other seasons. This result suggests that the main contributor of fluoride in the period of Asian Dust was high-fluoride-concentrated soil from the arid area of China. A noticeable positive correlation (r=0.54, n=28, p<0.01) between the level of non-sea-salt fluoride and PAHs was observed, when only the data obtained during the period of Asian Dust was excluded. In view of the fact that PAHs emitted from Northeast China were long-range transported to Japan during the heating period of China, fluoride emitted from coal combustion long-range transported from the Asian continent to Japan during the same period appears to be another main source of fluoride.Science of The Total Environment 08/2009; 407(16):4681-6. · 3.29 Impact Factor -
Article: Determination of 1-nitropyrene in low volume ambient air samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
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ABSTRACT: To measure the actual exposure of a person to 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) in airborne particulate matter, it is considered more accurate to collect air samples with a portable air sampler than to sample at a fixed location. However, because the portable samplers can sample only small volumes, a sensitive method is needed to analyze the compounds that are collected on a filter. Here we describe a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection that is sensitive and precise enough for use with portable air samplers. The developed column-switching system successfully removed the interfering substances in the samples with only a simple pretreatment. To improve the precision of the measurement, deuterated 1-NP was used as an internal standard, and it eluted immediately prior to 1-NP with sufficient resolution (R(s), 1.50). The detection limit was 0.32 fmol/injection, and the calibration range was from 2 to 100 fmol. The proposed method was applied to determining 1-NP in fine airborne particulate matter (PM(2.5)) at two sites with low pollution levels. 1-NP was detected in all samples at concentrations in the low fmol/m(3) range. The proposed method has enough sensitivity and precision to determine 1-NP in the limited air volume of the portable sampler.Journal of chromatography. A 05/2009; 1216(21):4625-8. · 4.19 Impact Factor
Top co-authors
Top Journals
Institutions
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2000–2013
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Kanazawa University
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa-ken, Japan
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2012
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Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health
Ōsaka-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan -
University of Washington Tacoma
Seattle, WA, USA
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2009–2010
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National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan
Tokyo, Tokyo-to, Japan -
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
Beijing, Beijing Shi, China
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2007–2010
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University of Washington Seattle
- Department of Chemistry
Seattle, WA, USA
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2006
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Chiang Mai University
- Faculty of Science
Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
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2002
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Waters Corporation
Milford, MA, USA
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