Song Am Lee

Konkuk University Medical Center, Changnyeong, South Gyeongsang, South Korea

Are you Song Am Lee?

Claim your profile

Publications (19)18.99 Total impact

  • Article: A comparison of standard dual-tip hemodialysis catheter split lumen hemodialysis catheter.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: To compare a split lumen (SLC) with the standard dual-tip hemodialysis catheter (DTC). The patients who underwent DTC insertion or SLC insertion were enrolled. Initial catheter dwell times (ICDT) and catheter-related complications were compared. SLC (n=80) and DTC (n=133) were enrolled. ICDT was 71.94 days (SLC) and 68.55 days (DTC) (P=.76). Catheter migration was detected in 10.5% and 12.4% (SLC) and in 1.7% and 2.0% (DTC) (P=.0026). SLC did not extend the ICDT compared to DTC. Furthermore, SLC was more prone to catheter-related complications, particularly catheter migration, than DTC.
    Clinical imaging 03/2013; 37(2):251-5. · 0.73 Impact Factor
  • Article: Clinical outcomes of endovascular treatments for critical limb ischemia with chronic total occlusive lesions limited to below-the-knee arteries.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Background Diabetes mellitus tends to have the greatest impact on the smaller vessels and contributes significantly to occlusive disease from the popliteal artery distally.PurposeTo evaluate the clinical outcomes after a balloon angioplasty with or without stent placement in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) by chronic total occlusion (CTO) limited to below-the-knee (BTK) arteries.Material and Methods From August 2005, patients who presented CLI and CTO limited to the BTK arteries, and who underwent endovascular treatment, were included in this study. The primary endpoints evaluated were technical success, limb salvage, and primary patency. The secondary endpoints evaluated were 30-day access site, intervention site, and systemic complications. Patency and limb salvage were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using Fisher's exact test.ResultsThe BTK endovascular treatment (EVT) was performed on 64 limbs. Technical success rate was 93.8% and limb salvage rate was 90.6%. Three of four limbs with technical failure and three of 60 limbs with technical success underwent BTK amputation and the comparison of these rates were significantly different (75% vs. 5%, P = 0.002). Primary patency rates for the limbs were 75% and 59.1% at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, respectively. Minor complications disappeared through the follow-up periods and there was no 30-day complication or systemic adverse events for the treated vessel.Conclusion Even though EVT for CLI in patients with diabetes and CTO in isolated BTK arteries does not have comparable primary patency, it can lead to a very high rate of limb salvage. This result can accentuate the importance of more blood flow to the foot by means of successful revascularization using EVT rather than long-term patency in CTO of isolated BTK arteries.
    Acta Radiologica 10/2012; · 1.37 Impact Factor
  • Source
    Article: Surgical treatment of killian-jamieson diverticulum.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Killian-Jamieson diverticulum is a rare diverticular disease. This disease differs from Zenker's diverticulum in its location and mechanism. Various treatment modality have been attempted, but traditional surgical treatment has been recommended for a symptomatic Killian-Jamieson diverticulum due to the concern of possible nerve injury. We performed surgical treatment by cervical incision. We report here on a case of Killian-Jamieson diverticulum and we briefly review the relevant literature.
    The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 08/2012; 45(4):272-4.
  • Source
    Article: Comparative analysis of thoracotomy and sternotomy approaches in cardiac reoperation.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Reoperation of cardiac surgery via median sternotomy can be associated with significant complications. Thoracotomy is expected to reduce the risk of reoperation and to enhance the surgical outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed two operative approaches (thoracotomy vs. sternotomy) in cardiac reoperation. From September 2007 to December 2010, 35 patients who required reoperation of the mitral valvular disease following previous median sternotomy were included. Average age of patients was 45.8±15.4 years (range, 14 to 76 years) and male-to-female was 23:12. Interval period between primary operation and reoperation was 135.8±105.6 months (range, 3.3 to 384.9 months). Comparative analysis was done dividing the patient group into two groups that are thoracotomy group (22 patients) and sternotomy group (13 patients). Thoracotomy group was significantly lower in operative time (415.2±90.3 vs. 497.5±148.0, p<0.05), bleeding control time (108.0±29.5 vs. 146.4±66.8, p<0.05) and chest tube drainage (287.5±211.5 mL vs. 557.3±365.5 mL, p<0.05) compared to sternotomy group. The thoracotomy approach is superior to sternotomy in some variables, and it is considered as a valid alternative to repeat median sternotomy in patients who underwent a previous median sternotomy.
    The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 08/2012; 45(4):225-9.
  • Source
    Article: Granular cell tumor occurring in the chest wall: a case report.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Granular cell tumors are uncommon soft tissue neoplasm of nerve sheath origin, which are predominately benign. Granular cells can be found at any site in the body including the tongue, skin, subcutaneous tissue, breast, gastrointestinal, and urogenital systems. However, granular cell tumors have only been rarely described in the chest wall. Here we report a case of a granular cell tumor that occurred in the chest wall of a 59-year-old woman, along with a review of the literature.
    The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 06/2012; 45(3):196-8.
  • Source
    Article: Coronary-bronchial artery fistula manifested by hemoptysis and myocardial ischemia in a patient with bronchiectasis.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: A coronary-bronchial artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly of the coronary artery whose etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been clarified. Most patients with coronary-bronchial fistulas are asymptomatic; however, some patients present with congestive heart failure, infective endocarditis, myocardial ischemia induced by a coronary steal phenomenon, or rupture of an aneurysmal fistula. Furthermore, patients with a coronary-bronchial artery fistula rarely manifest life-threatening hemoptysis due to the associated bronchiectasis. We report herein the case of a patient with a coronary-bronchial artery fistula who had bronchiectasis and a history of massive hemoptysis and myocardial ischemia.
    The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 02/2012; 45(1):49-52.
  • Article: Barotraumatic esophageal perforation by explosion of a carbonated drink bottle.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: We report a case of barotraumatic esophageal perforation caused by the explosion of a carbonated beverage containing plastic bottle into the mouth. A 6-year-old girl presented with sudden sharp pain in her mouth and upper abdomen after outburst of the plastic bottle. A computed tomography scan showed massive pneumomediastinum with diffuse edematous esophageal wall thickening and subcutaneous emphysema primarily in the neck. An esophagogram revealed a perforation of the middle portion of the esophagus with extravasation of contrast on left side. Surgical repair was performed successfully. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 15 after an uneventful postoperative course.
    The Annals of thoracic surgery 01/2012; 93(1):315-6. · 3.74 Impact Factor
  • Article: Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Two Methods for Endovenous Laser Ablation of Incompetent Perforator Veins in Thigh and Great Saphenous Vein Without Evidence of Saphenofemoral Reflux.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous ablation of incompetent perforators has been introduced as a safe and efficacious alternative. OBJECTIVE: To compare two methods of treating incompetent thigh perforator and great saphenous veins (GSV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with varicose veins of CEAP C2 and C3 with incompetent perforating veins (IPVs) in the thigh without evidence of saphenofemoral reflux and with obvious venous reflux from IPVs into the GSV distal to IPVs were included. Endovenous laser ablation was done using two methods (IPV ablation (IPVA) versus GSV ablation: GSVA). Their technical success rate, clinical success rate, and complications were compared at 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: Sixty-nine consecutive patients were randomized to IPVA (n = 34) or GSVA (n = 35). Technical success was significantly lower with IPVA than GSVA (p = .002). Clinical success, defined as continued closure of treated veins, was similar with IPVA and GSVA (96.1% vs 100% at 1 week, 100% vs 97.1% at 1 month, and 100% for both at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively). CONCLUSION: IPVA has clinical results and complications similar to those of GSVA in individuals with C2 and C3 chronic venous disease with IPVs in the thigh combined with incompetent GSV, but its higher technical failure rate makes it difficult to choose it as the primary treatment method.
    Dermatologic Surgery 12/2011; · 1.80 Impact Factor
  • Article: Cavernous lymphangioma arising in the chest wall 19 years after excision of a cystic hygroma.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Lymphangioma is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system and is thought to result from the failure of the lymphatic system to connect with the venous system. Lymphangioma of the chest wall is a very rare disease entity, and only a few cases have ever been documented in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few cases of recurrent cavernous lymphangioma after surgical excision of a cystic hygroma on the same side of the chest wall. Here, we report a case of a cavernous lymphangioma of the chest wall in a patient who had undergone surgical excision of a cystic hygroma 19 years earlier.
    The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 10/2011; 44(5):380-2.
  • Source
    Article: Early results of endovenous ablation with a 980-nm diode laser for an incompetent vein of Giacomini.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: We wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of endovenous ablation of the incompetent vein of Giacomini using a 980-nm diode laser. A total of 18 patients (18 limbs, 4%) had the incompetent vein of Giacomini. Retrograde reflux originating from the great saphenous vein was noted in sixteen limbs and paradoxical diastolic anterograde reflux from the saphenopopliteal junction was observed in two limbs. After tumescent anesthesia, laser ablation using a 980-nm wavelength laser fiber was performed under ultrasound and/or fluoroscopic guidance. Patients were evaluated clinically and with duplex ultrasound at one week and at one, three, six and twelve months after laser ablation for the technical and clinical success. In the 18 limbs, the technical success rate was 100%. Continued closure of the vein of Giacomini was seen in 18 of 18 limbs after one month, in 12 of 12 limbs after three and six months and in six of six limbs after twelve months. No recanalization of the vein and no major complications occurred. Endovenous laser ablation with a 980-nm wavelength is an effective and safe procedure for treating an incompetent vein of Giacomini.
    Korean journal of radiology: official journal of the Korean Radiological Society 07/2011; 12(4):481-6. · 1.32 Impact Factor
  • Source
    Article: The primary patency and fracture rates of self-expandable nitinol stents placed in the popliteal arteries, especially in the P2 and P3 segments, in Korean patients.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: We wanted to evaluate the status of self-expandable nitinol stents implanted in the P2 and P3 segments of the popliteal artery in Korean patients. We retrospectively analyzed 189 consecutive patients who underwent endovascular treatment for stenoocclusive lesions in the femoropopliteal artery from July 2003 to March 2009, and 18 patients who underwent stent placement in popliteal arterial P2 and P3 segments were finally enrolled. Lesion patency was evaluated by ultrasound or CT angiography, and stent fracture was assessed by plain X-rays at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months and annually thereafter. At the 1-month follow-up, stent fracture (Type 2) was seen in one limb (up to P3, 1 of 18, 6%) and it was identified in seven limbs at the 3-month follow-up (Type 2, Type 3, Type 4) (n = 1: up to P2; n = 6: P3). At the 6-month follow-up, one more fracture (Type 1) (up to P3) was noted. At the 1-year follow-up, there were no additional stent fractures. Just four limbs (up to P2) at the 2-year follow-up did not have stent fracture. The primary patency was 94%, 61% and 44% at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively, and the group with stent implantation up to P3 had a higher fracture rate than that of the group that underwent stenting up to P2 (p < 0.05). We suggest that stent placement up to the popliteal arterial P3 segment and over P2 in an Asian population can worsen the stent patency owing to stent fracture. It may be necessary to develop a stent design and structure for the Asian population that can resist the bending force in the knee joint.
    Korean journal of radiology: official journal of the Korean Radiological Society 03/2011; 12(2):203-9. · 1.32 Impact Factor
  • Article: Short-term Mechanical Circulatory Support with a Centrifugal Pump - Results of Peripheral Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator According to Clinical Situation.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: A peripheral extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (p-ECMO) has been developed to support patients who are dying due to a serious cardiopulmonary condition. This analysis was planned to define the clinical situation in which the patient benefits most from a p-ECMO. Between June 2007 and Aug 2009, a total of 41 adult patients used the p-ECMO. There were 23 males and 18 females (mean age 54.4±15.1 years). All patients had very unstable vital signs with hypoxia and complex cardiac problems. We divided the patients into 4 groups. In the first group, a p-ECMO was used as a bridge to cardiac operation. In the second group, patients did not have the opportunity to undergo any cardiac procedures; nevertheless, they were treated with a p-ECMO. In the third group, patients mostly had difficulty in weaning from CPB (cardiopulmonary bypass) after cardiac operation. The fourth group suffered from many complications, such as pneumonia, bleeding, infections, and LV dysfunction with underlying cardiac problems. All cannulations were performed by the Seldinger technique or cutting down the femoral vessel. A long venous cannula of DLP® (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, MN) or RMI® (Edwards Lifesciences LLC, Irvine, CA) was used together with a 17~21 Fr arterial cannula and a 21 Fr venous cannula. As a bypass pump, a Capiox emergency bypass system (EBS®; Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) was used. We attempted to maintain a flow rate of 2.4~3.0 L/min/m(2) and an activated clotting time (ACT) of around 180 seconds. Nine patients survived by the use of the p-ECMO. Ten patients were weaned from a p-ECMO but they did not survive, and the remainder had no chance to be weaned from the p-ECMO. The best clinical situation to apply the p-ECMO was to use it as a bridge to cardiac operation and for weaning from CPB after cardiac operation. Various clinical results were derived by p-ECMO according to the clinical situation. For the best results, early adoption of the p-ECMO for anatomical correction appears important.
    The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 02/2011; 44(1):9-17.
  • Source
    Article: Application of Veno-venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Multitrauma Patient with ARDS-A case report
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is difficult to treat and it is often fatal. If the medical treatment for ARDS is not effective, then extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be applied to the patient. A 22-year-old female who suffered multiple traumatic injuries due to a car accident presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Veinarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) was started to treat her respira-tory failure. With the VA ECMO, the systemic oxygen saturation remained at only 84%, and so the ECMO system was switched to V-VA ECMO via an additional venous outflow through the right jugular vein to increase both the systemic and pulmonary oxygen saturation. After conversion to the V-VA type ECMO, the systemic oxygen satu-ration increased to 94% and the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2) increased to 65 mmHg. We report here on a successful case of ECMO conversion from the VA type to the V-VA type in a patient with severely hypoxic respi-ratory failure.
    대흉외지Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 01/2010; 4343:104-107104.
  • Article: Multimodal treatment of primary extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of the chest wall: report of 2 cases.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a type of Ewing's sarcoma that arises in soft tissue and is now regarded as a member of a family of small round cell neoplasms of bone and soft tissue, including primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). EES occurs predominantly in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 10 and 30 years. The disease follows an aggressive course with a high recurrence rate. The presence of a distant metastasis is also common. EES arises in the soft tissue of either the trunk or extremities. We recently experienced two cases of EES that occurred in the chest wall. The two patients underwent wide resection and combined radiochemotherapy. There was no evidence of disease 30 and 22 months, respectively, after surgery. Although extremely rare, EES should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest wall tumors. We report two cases of EES with a brief review of the literature.
    Cancer Research and Treatment 07/2009; 41(2):108-12.
  • Article: Fluoroscopy-guided endovenous foam sclerotherapy using a microcatheter in varicose tributaries followed by endovenous laser treatment of incompetent saphenous veins: technical feasibility and early results.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: To evaluate the technical feasibility and preliminary results of endovenous foam sclerotherapy using a microcatheter in varicose tributaries followed by endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of incompetent saphenous veins. From July 2005 to August 2006, 312 patients (M:F=139:173, mean age 45.8) who presented with varicose veins with reflux in the saphenofemoral, saphenopopliteal junction or tributaries were enrolled. Under ultrasound or fluoroscopy guidance, selective microcatheterization and endovenous foam slcerotherapy were first performed in varicose tributaries, followed by EVLT (980 nm) of incompetent saphenous veins. Follow-up at 1-week and 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals was done. Technical success was seen in 410 of 411 limbs (99%). Continued closure of the saphenous veins and the complete sclerosis of varicose tributaries were noted in 332 of 373 limbs (89%) at the 1-month follow-up, all 307 limbs (100%) at the 3-month follow-up, and all 274 limbs (100%) at the 6-month follow-up. No serious complication was noted. Endovenous foam sclerotherapy using a microcatheter in varicose tributaries followed by EVLT in incompetent saphenous veins is a safe, effective, and technically feasible treatment for varicose veins. It not only reduces additional sclerotherapy and technical failure, but also makes multiple therapeutic sessions unnecessary.
    Dermatologic Surgery 04/2009; 35(5):804-12. · 1.80 Impact Factor
  • Article: Endovenous laser ablation of the incompetent small saphenous vein with a 980-nm diode laser: our experience with 3 years follow-up.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: To demonstrate the long-term treatment outcomes of endovenous laser ablation (EVA) of incompetent small saphenous veins (SSV) with a 980-nm diode laser. Eighty-four patients (96 limbs), with varicose veins and reflux in the SSV on duplex ultrasound examination, were treated with a 980-nm diode laser under ultrasound- or fluoroscopy-guidance. Patients were evaluated at 1 week and 1, 3, 6 months, 1 year and yearly thereafter. In the 96 limbs, the technical success rate was 100%. The SSV remained closed in 89 of 93 limbs (96%) after 1 month, all of 82 limbs after 6 months, 77 limbs after 1 year, 71 limbs after 2 years and 55 limbs after 3 years. In four limbs where recanalisation was observed, repeat EVA was done resulting in successful obliteration of the SSV. No major complication occurred however bruising (27%), tightness or pain (13%) and paraesthesia (4.2%) were observed. Endovenous laser ablation with a 980-nm laser wavelength is an easy and safe procedure in incompetent SSVs. After successful treatment, there is a very low rate of recanalisation of the SSV, which suggests that the procedure will provide lasting results.
    European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery: the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery 11/2008; 36(6):738-42. · 2.92 Impact Factor
  • Article: Endovenous laser ablation of varicose veins after direct percutaneous puncture: early results.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Although endovenous laser ablation has been demonstrated to effectively occlude incompetent saphenous veins, it does not treat branch varicosities directly. The objective was to evaluate the technical feasibility and early results of the direct ablation of branch varicosities using a 980-nm diode laser. From July to August 2005, 17 patients (21 limbs; male:female ratio, 7:10; mean age, 50.1 years; range, 24-62 years) with varicose veins were enrolled in this study. Endovenous laser ablation was performed in incompetent saphenous veins. Thereafter, branch varicosities were percutaneously punctured and a direct laser ablation was performed using a 400-microm laser fiber. Patients were evaluated at 1 week and at 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals. Technical success in branch varicosities was achieved in 11 of 15 limbs (71.4%). Continued closure of treated saphenous veins was evident in 11 of 11 limbs (100%) at 1-month follow-up. Successful ablation in varicose tributaries was seen in 6 of 11 limbs (54.5%) at 1-month follow-up and ablation failed in 5 limbs. One of the 11 limbs (9%) had a skin burn that required treatment. Despite partly successful occlusion, we suggest that direct laser ablation cannot replace classic methods of treating branch varicosities, because of its high failure rate and the risk of skin burns.
    Dermatologic Surgery 11/2007; 33(10):1243-9. · 1.80 Impact Factor
  • Source
    Article: Surgical treatment of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: a case report.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is an extremely rare tumor with only scattered cases reported. Although surgical resection has been considered as the best possible option, the prognosis has been nonetheless poor. We report a case of PMME which was treated by surgical resection and additionally followed by chemotherapy. A 60-yr-old man underwent an esophagoscopy due to a 3-month history of dysphagia and upper abdominal discomfort. A pigmented polypoid mass in the lower third of the esophagus was discovered, and a biopsy identified the mass as a malignant melanoma. Consequently, a subtotal esophagectomy and intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy was carried out. At follow-up four months after discharge, lymph node enlargements in the cervical area and celiac axis area were found. As a result, the patients was started on systemic chemotherapy treatment, which included Dacarbazine. The patient has been doing well and is now 35 months post-operative.
    Journal of Korean Medical Science 03/2007; 22(1):149-52. · 0.99 Impact Factor
  • Article: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in the trachea: report of a case.
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a non-nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma with prominent lymphoid infiltration. To our knowledge, only two cases of LELC in the trachea have ever been reported. This tumor has a strong association with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is especially prevalent in Asians and absent in Caucasians. We report a case of tracheal LELC with EBV-association in a 22-year-old man. The patient was treated with tracheal resection and anastomosis, followed later by adjuvant radiotherapy.
    Surgery Today 02/2007; 37(7):584-6. · 1.22 Impact Factor