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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides that are involved in feeding, neuroendocrine regulation, sleep-wakefulness and sleep disorders (such as narcolepsy). This study investigated the relationship between serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) orexin-A concentrations and infarct volume, in patients with ischaemic stroke. METHODS: Serum and CSF concentrations of orexin-A were determined 48-72 h after the onset of ischaemic stroke in patients, then compared with those of healthy control subjects of comparable age. Infarct volumes were measured using computerized tomography, 48-72 h after hospitalization. RESULTS: Mean serum and CSF orexin-A concentrations were significantly lower among ischaemic stroke patients (n = 29) compared with control subjects (n = 13). There was a significant inverse correlation between infarct volumes and CSF orexin-A concentrations in patients with ischaemic stroke. CONCLUSION: These data show that serum and CSF orexin-A concentrations decrease after cerebral ischaemia and may play a role in the development of brain injury. The orexin-A concentration in the CSF might be a useful biomarker for the assessment of progression of brain tissue damage during the early stages of ischaemic stroke.
The Journal of international medical research 03/2013; · 0.90 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The levels of oxidants xanthine oxidase (XO), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and of the antioxidant enzymes
superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione reductase (GRD) were determined in plasma within
24 h after onset of hemorrhagic stroke in 17 patients (9 men and 8 women, aged 60.7±11.5 yr) and in 20 healthy controls (12
men and 8 women, aged 62.5±8.3 yr). Compared to controls, the plasma SOD and total superoxide scavenger activi ties (TSSA)
were significantly lower and the NO levels were significantly higher among the stroke patients. XO showed a slight, nonsignificant
increase in the patients, but the levels of MDA, NSSA, GRD, and GSH-Px did not show any significant differences between the
two groups. The hemorrhage volume was negatively, correlated with the initial score of the Glasgow Coma Scale and a positive
correlation with lethal outcome, but it did not correlate significantly with any of the measured parameters. The results suggest
that free radicals might play a role in the development of brain injury following brain hemorrhage.
Biological Trace Element Research 04/2012; 108(1):43-52. · 1.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of L-carnitine (LC) on changes in the levels of lipid
peroxidation and endogenous antioxidants induced by cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) in the liver and kidney
tissues of rats. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups of six rats each: control, cisplatin,
L-carnitine, and L-carnitine plus cisplatin. The degree of protection produced by L-carnitine was evaluated by determining
the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). The activity of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase
(GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were estimated from liver and kidney homogenates, and the liver and kidney were histologically
examined as well. L-carnitine elicited significant liver and kidney protective activity by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation
(MDA) and elevating the activity of GSH, GSHPx, GST, and SOD. Furthermore, these biochemical observations were supported by
histological findings. In conclusion, the present study indicates a significant role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and
their relation to liver and kidney dysfunction, and points to the therapeutic potential of LC in CDDP-induced liver and kidney
toxicity.
Central European Journal of Medicine 04/2012; 4(2):184-191. · 0.31 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to determine the effects of valproate (VPA), carbamazepine, and levetiracetam (LEV) on antioxidant and oxidant enzyme activities and the clinical importance of these effects.
We enrolled 32 patients receiving VPA, 17 receiving carbamazepine, 8 receiving LEV, 11 on multidrug therapy, and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. We measured the serum activities of paraoxonase and arylesterase and the levels of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in all the subjects. We also determined the clinical features of the patients.
The serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower (P = 0.003 and P = 0.0001, respectively), and the oxidized low-density lipoprotein and 8-OHG levels were higher (P = 0.029 and P = 0.0001, respectively) in the patients than in the controls. The serum antioxidant activity was low, and the oxidant activity was high in the monotherapy patients (P < 0.05). Comparing the monotherapy with the polytherapy, only the combination of VPA-LEV was associated with a high 8-OHG level (P = 0.04). The serum 8-OHG level was higher in the patients taking antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for the first 2 months than in the controls (P = 0.0001) and positively correlated with the duration of epilepsy (r = 0.387, P < 0.01).
Oxidative stress is seen in each of the AEDs after the first 2 months. There was no dominance of the monotherapy over the polytherapy, except for the VPA-LEV combination. None of the patients' characteristic features were related to oxidative damage, except for the duration of the epilepsy and the AED therapy.
Clinical neuropharmacology 05/2010; 33(3):155-7. · 2.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in whole saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis. Moreover, the relationship among the oxidative damage biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes activities and clinical periodontal status were investigated.
Whole saliva samples were collected from 30 patients with chronic periodontitis and 30 periodontally healthy control. To determine the clinical condition of each subject, the plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, and probing depth were measured. The salivary 8-OHdG level was measured using the ELISA method. SOD and GPx activities and MDA levels were determined spectrophotometrically.
Higher salivary 8-OHdG and MDA levels (P<.001), and lower salivary SOD and GPx activities (P<.05) were detected in periodontitis patients compared to the healthy controls. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between salivary levels of 8-OHdG and both salivary SOD and GPx activities as well as between salivary levels of MDA and both salivary SOD and GPx activities (P<.001).
Higher salivary 8-OHdG and MDA levels and lower salivary antioxidant activities seem to reflect increased oxygen radical activity during periodontal inflammation.
European journal of dentistry 04/2009; 3(2):100-6.
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on human milk interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels at the postpartum seventh day.
Forty-four mothers (age range: 21-34 years) were enrolled in the study. Mothers were interviewed and classified according to their smoking status into one of two groups: the smoking mothers (n= 21) and the nonsmoking mothers (n= 23).
There were no significant differences between study groups with respect to human milk interleukin-1beta (P= 0.12) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels (P= 0.83). However, TNF-alpha levels were found to be significantly lower in the smoking mothers compared with the controls (P= 0.002).
This study shows that maternal smoking during pregnancy affects the levels of TNF-alpha in milk. The protective effect of human milk against infections seems to be impaired in smoking mothers.
Pediatrics International 04/2009; 51(6):821-4. · 0.63 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to investigate a possible relationship between serum levels of adiponectin and clinicopathological characteristics in esophageal cancer. This is the first report evaluating serum adiponectin levels in patients with esophageal cancer.
Sixty-two patients with esophageal cancer and thirty healthy subjects were included in the study. Adiponectin levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
The mean serum adiponectin level in the cancer group was significantly low compared with the adiponectin level in the healthy control group. Furthermore, adiponectin levels of the patients gradually decreased with increase in tumor stage. The patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus had significantly lower values of serum adiponectin than patients with squamous cell carcinoma.
We concluded that decreased circulating adiponectin levels may play a role in the progression and/or development of esophageal cancers. However, for clinical use of serum adiponectin in terms of early diagnosis and treatment, further studies should be performed.
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 01/2009; 39(2):92-6. · 1.78 Impact Factor
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Saudi medical journal 11/2008; 29(10):1517-9. · 0.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury is a serious problem that occurs during various surgical operations such as liver transplantation, surgical revascularization, and partial organ resection. Different pharmacological agents have been used for the protection of organ function and for extending the tolerable ischaemic interval after the ischaemic insult. We aimed to determine the presence of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the DNA from liver undergoing ischaemia-reperfusion, and also to evaluate the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and EGb761 (Ginkgo biloba extract) against hepatic oxidative DNA damage. A total of 40 rats were divided into four groups of 10 animals each (sham-operation group, control group, NAC group, and EGb761 group). Oxidative damage to DNA was evaluated by measuring the increase in 8-OHdG formation in liver tissue and also the effects of NAC and EGb761 pretreatment. Hepatic ischaemia for 90 min followed by reperfusion caused a marked increase in tissue levels of 8-OHdG, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance, serum ALT, AST and LDH activities compared to sham-operated group. Pretreatment with both NAC and EGb761 clearly diminished 8-OHdG formation and lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest that antioxidant molecules such as NAC and EGb761 may be useful in preventing postischaemic reperfusion injury in hepatic tissue.
Clinical and Experimental Medicine 10/2008; 8(4):193-8. · 1.58 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Spirulina platensis (SP) on gentamicin sulphate (GS)-induced changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidants in the kidney of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated in separate groups as follows for 7 consecutive days: control (C), gentamicin sulphate (100 mg/kg i.p.) (GS), Spirulina platensis (1000 mg/kg orally) (SP) and Spirulina platensis (1000 mg/kg orally) plus gentamicin sulphate (100 mg/kg i.p.) (SP + GS). The degree of protection was evaluated by determining the effects of Spirulina platensis on malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and nitric oxide (NO), and plasma creatinine and urea levels were estimated in kidney homogenates to evaluate antioxidant activity, and the kidney was histologically examined as well. Spirulina platensis elicited significant nephroprotective activity by decreasing lipid peroxidation (MDA) and elevated the levels of GSH, SOD, GPX, NO, creatinine and urea. Furthermore, these biochemical observations were supplemented by histological examination of the rat kidneys. In conclusion, the present study indicates a very important role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the relation to renal dysfunction and point to the therapeutic potential of Spirulina platensis in gentamicin sulphate induced nephrotoxicity.
Phytotherapy Research 08/2008; 22(11):1506-10. · 2.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and malondialdehyde levels in serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women with and without periodontal disease.
Forty pregnant women, consisting of 10 preeclamptic subjects with periodontal disease, 10 preeclamptic periodontally healthy subjects, 10 normotensive subjects with periodontal disease, and 10 normotensive periodontally healthy subjects, were included in this study. After clinical measurement and samplings, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and malondialdehyde levels in serum, saliva, and GCF of preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women were determined, and the data were tested by non-parametric tests. Total antioxidant capacity of the clinical samples was measured using a novel automated colorimetric measurement method. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and malondialdehyde levels were determined spectrophotometrically.
Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in GCF and serum and total antioxidant capacity in saliva, GCF, and serum were the lowest in preeclamptic women with periodontal disease. However, serum and GCF levels of malondialdehyde were the highest in this group of pregnant women.
Systemic and local antioxidant and total antioxidant capacities are affected by periodontal disease in addition to the impact of preeclamptic status. Similar comments may be made for the increases in systemic and local malondialdehyde levels.
Journal of Periodontology 09/2007; 78(8):1602-11. · 2.60 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the possible link between the severity of periodontal disease and pre-eclampsia and to correlate this link to clinical periodontal parameters and interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and prostaglandins (PGE(2)) levels in both gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum.
Fifty-nine pregnant women (20 mild pre-eclampsia, 18 severe pre-eclampsia, and 21 healthy pregnant women) were included in the study. Dental and periodontal recordings as well as GCF and blood samples were obtained within 48 h preceding delivery.
The results of multivariate logistic regression showed a highly significant association between mild to severe pre-eclampsia and severe periodontal disease (p<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders (smoking, body weight, socioeconomic status, education level, and age), severe pre-eclamptic women were 3.78 (1.77-12.74) times more likely to present severe periodontal disease than normotensive pregnant women. This odds ratio (OR) was 2.43 (1.13-8.19) for mild pre-eclamptic women. IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and PGE(2) levels in both serum and GCF were also significantly higher in the pre-eclamptic groups than the normotensive women.
These results indicate that the presence and severity of periodontal disease seems to increase the risk for not only the occurrence but also the severity of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women.
Journal Of Clinical Periodontology 08/2007; 34(8):639-45. · 3.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both developed and developing countries. The aim of the present study was to compare serum levels of alpha1-acid glycoprotein, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, ferritin, and albumin with tumor stage, distant metastasis, lymphadenopa thy, and patient performance status in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and those with small-cell lung cancer.
The study was carried out in 46 patients with primary lung cancer (39 men and 7 women) and 34 healthy subjects as the control group.
Serum ceruloplasmin and ferritin levels were higher and transferrin and albumin levels were lower both in non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer patients than in controls. The levels of alpha1-acid glycoprotein and ferritin associated with both performance status and lymph node metastasis.
Measurement of alpha1-acid glycoprotein and ferritin levels could be a useful prognostic factor in addition to performance status in patient with primary lung cancer.
Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research 05/2007; 13(4):CR195-200. · 1.70 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to investigate simultaneously serum and milk malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and antioxidant potential (AOP) in active-smoking, passive-smoking, and nonsmoking mothers and to search if there is any difference between serum and milk oxidant/ antioxidant status caused by smoking. According to their smoking status, 60 mothers (age range: 20-35 yr) were classified into one of three groups: the active-smoking mothers (n=15), the passive-smoking mothers (n=22), and the nonsmoking mothers (n=23). Serum and milk MDA, SOD, GPx, and AOP values were determined in mothers on the postpartum seventh day by the spectrophotometric method. Serum Zn and Cu concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). There was no significant difference in serum samples with respect to MDA (p=0.17), SOD (p=0.51), and AOP (p=0.36) levels, but there was a significant difference in serum GPx (p=0.002) levels among the study groups. The significant differences were also found in milk samples in terms of MDA (p=0.002) and SOD (p=0.011), but not in GPx (p=0.11) and AOP (p=0.29) levels among the study groups. No significant difference was seen in serum zinc concentration (p=0.49), but copper concentration differed significantly among the groups (p=0.005). These observations suggest that human milk is more vulnerable to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation than serum samples in smoking mothers, even if they are passive smokers.
Biological Trace Element Research 02/2005; 105(1-3):27-36. · 1.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The levels of oxidants xanthine oxidase (XO), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione reductase (GRD) were determined in plasma within 24 h after onset of hemorrhagic stroke in 17 patients (9 men and 8 women, aged 60.7+/-11.5 yr) and in 20 healthy controls (12 men and 8 women, aged 62.5+/-8.3 yr). Compared to controls, the plasma SOD and total superoxide scavenger activities (TSSA) were significantly lower and the NO levels were significantly higher among the stroke patients. XO showed a slight, nonsignificant increase in the patients, but the levels of MDA, NSSA, GRD, and GSH-Px did not show any significant differences between the two groups. The hemorrhage volume was negatively correlated with the initial score of the Glasgow Coma Scale and a positive correlation with lethal outcome, but it did not correlate significantly with any of the measured parameters. The results suggest that free radicals might play a role in the development of brain injury following brain hemorrhage.
Biological Trace Element Research 02/2005; 108(1-3):43-52. · 1.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Maternal smoking is considered to be a risk factor for low birth weight. It is hypothesized that alteration in leptin concentration may be associated with reduced fetal growth. In this study, we assess the effect of smoking during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal serum leptin concentrations, and also on breast milk leptin levels. When the infants were brought to routine physical examination at 7 days old, blood samples and breast milk specimens were taken for leptin measurement from mothers who smoked during pregnancy and their newborns. Nonsmoking mothers and their infants were recruited randomly over the same period as a control group. Maternal age, number of pregnancy, weight of the mothers, birth weight, and gestational age of the infants were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups in maternal serum and breast milk leptin levels (p = 0.14 and p = 0.96, respectively). However, serum leptin levels were found significantly lower in neonates born to smoking mothers compared with infants born to nonsmoking mothers (p = 0.02). Our findings suggest that maternal smoking dose not have an effect on maternal serum and breast milk leptin levels but decreases neonatal serum leptin concentration independent of birth weight.
Endocrine Research 01/2005; 31(3):177-83. · 0.97 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Lichen planus (LP) is a common, pruritic and inflammatory disease of the skin, hair follicles and mucous membranes. Immunologic mechanisms, especially cell-mediated immunity, play a major role in triggering the clinical expression of the disease. P-selectin is an adhesion molecule present within endothelial cells and mediates endothelial-leukocyte interactions. Therefore, it is considered that P-selectin plays an important role in LP. The aim of our study is to research the relation between P-selectin and LP. Serum P-selectin levels were determined with the enzyme- linked immunosorbent sandwich assay method in sera from 40 LP patients and 40 healthy controls. The serum levels of P-selectin were statistically significantly higher in the patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.05), in female patients (39.32 +/- 11.34 pg/ml) than in male patients (31.93 +/- 9.83 pg/ml) (p < 0.01), and in the patients with eruptive form (40.27 +/- 9.32 pg/ml) than in those with the localised (32.83 +/- 9.93 pg/ml) and hypertrophic (31.72 +/- 8.39 pg/ml) forms (both p < 0.01). In conclusion, we found a meaningful relation between LP and serum P-selectin levels.
Yonsei Medical Journal 05/2004; 45(2):215-8. · 1.14 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the serum and milk in active-smoking and nonsmoking mothers, and their infants' insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels.
A cohort study conducted at a tertiary medical center. Subjects: Forty-four mothers (age range: 21-34 years) and their newborns (7 days old) were enrolled in the study. Mothers were interviewed and classified according to their smoking status into one of two groups: the active-smoking mothers (n = 21) and the nonsmoking mothers (n = 23).
There was no difference noted in either IGF-I, IGFBP-3 or IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratios in serum and milk of mothers, and their infants' serum samples according to maternal smoking.
This study demonstrated that maternal smoking (5-10 cigarettes/day) did not influence the maternal and infant serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 as well as the breast milk levels of these peptides.
Hormone Research 02/2004; 62(6):288-92. · 2.48 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This cohort study investigated postnatal serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels in 14 active-smoking, 14 passive-smoking, and 15 non-smoking mothers and their newborns on day 7 post-partum. No significant differences were noted among the study groups with respect to MDA (p = 0.63) or SOD levels (p = 0.98) in either the mothers or their infants. However, there were significant differences among the study groups with respect to serum GPx activities in both the mothers (p = 0.028) and the infants (p = 0.039). When GPx activities were analyzed separately in both mothers and infants, a significant difference was noted only between the infants of smoking mothers and the infants of non-smoking mothers (p = 0.015). In conclusion, there was a significant increase in GPx activities of smoking mothers and their infants, suggesting that they may have been exposed to more oxidant stress.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science 02/2004; 34(4):405-9. · 0.96 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Lichen planus (LP) is a common, pruritic, inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. There are several opinions and approaches to the etiopathogenesis of LP. Immunologic mechanisms almost certainly mediate its development. T-cell-mediated immunity plays the major role in triggering the clinical expression of the disease. The cytokines that are produced by lymphocytes also play an important role in the development of LP.
The goal of our study was to investigate the possible role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of LP.
Serum TNF-alpha levels were determined with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent sandwich assay method in the sera of 40 patients suffering from LP and in those of 40 healthy controls.
The serum levels of TNF-alpha were found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to the healthy controls (patients: 35.64 +/- 9.59 pg/ml, controls: 15.6 +/- 3.97 pg/ml, p < 0.001).
Our results revealed that TNF-alpha might play a major role in the pathogenesis of LP.
Dermatology 02/2003; 207(4):367-70. · 2.05 Impact Factor
