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Chunli Chen,
Tieyu Wang,
Jonathan E. Naile, Jing Li,
Jing Geng,
Cencen Bi,
Wenyou Hu,
Xiang Zhang,
Jong Seong Khim,
Yan Feng,
John P. Giesy,
Yonglong Lu
Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 11/2011; 17(6):1279-1291. · 1.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Concentrations of metals and arsenic in farmland soils along the Yanghe River, upstream of Guanting Reservoir, were evaluated using fuzzy comprehensive assessment (FCA). FCA is an emerging methodology for assessing environmental status based on fuzzy logic which can model linguistic data and represent chaotic conditions. The ratio of concentrations of metals and arsenic (As) in surface soils of farmland along the Yanghe River to the corresponding reference values decreased in the order Cd>Zn>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cu>As. Based on the FCA, 86% of surface soils along the Yanghe River were classified as grade C, which is suitable for forestry with a greater absorption capacity, suggesting that most farmland along the Yanghe River has to be abandoned as farmland. In order to improve the quality of soil along the Yanghe River and avoid degeneration of water quality in the river and the Guanting Reservoir, remediation of farmland soils along the river is suggested.
Chemistry and Ecology 10/2011; 27(5):415-426. · 0.62 Impact Factor
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Chunli Chen,
Tieyu Wang,
Jong Seong Khim,
Wei Luo,
Wentao Jiao,
Yonglong Lu,
Jonathan E. Naile,
Wenyou Hu,
Xiang Zhang,
Jing Geng,
Cencen Bi, Jing Li,
John P. Giesy
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ABSTRACT: Concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and other perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were measured in water and sediment from coastal Bohai Bay and surrounding rivers flowing into the bay. Of the 15 PFCs measured, PFOS and PFOA were detected with the greatest frequency. Concentrations in water ranged from<0.2 to 31 ng·L−1 and<1.0 to 82 ng·L−1 for PFOS and PFOA, respectively. Concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in sediments ranged from<0.1 to 2.0 ng·g−1 dw and<0.1 to 0.5 ng·g−1 dw, respectively. Concentrations of PFCs in Bohai Bay were less than those observed in other areas in Asia, but greater concentrations of ∑PFCs were observed in the Dalin River with concentrations increasing from upstream to downstream, and the greatest concentrations in sediment were observed in tidal flats. The ratio of ∑PFCs in sediment and water indicated that sediment could serve as a significant sink for PFUnA.
Chemistry and Ecology 04/2011; 27(2):165-176. · 0.62 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Soil is an important environmental medium that is closely associated with humans and their health. Despite this, very few studies have measured toxicants in soils, and associated them with health risks in humans. An assessment of health effects from exposure to contaminants in soils surrounding industrial areas of chemical production and storage is important. This article aims at determining pollution characteristics of persistent toxic substances (PTS) in an industrial area in China to unravel the relationship between soil pollution by PTS and human health. One hundred and five soil samples were collected and 742 questionnaires were handed out to residents living in and around an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in Northern China. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in soil. Mann-Whitney U and binary multivariate non-conditional logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between health indicators of local residents and contaminant levels. Odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for health incidences were also calculated. The average concentrations of DDT (73.9 ng/g), HCH (654 ng/g) and PAHs (1225 ng/g) were relatively high in the industrial area. Residents living in the chemical industry parks were exposed to a higher levels of PTS than those living outside the chemical industry parks. This exposure was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.12-30.06), stomach cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.26-13.41), dermatitis (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05-2.80), gastroenteritis (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.94-2.68), and pneumonia (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.58-1.89).
Journal of Environmental Sciences 01/2011; 23(8):1359-67. · 1.66 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A case study of the cancer risk to humans posed by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in an industrial area of China, which has a long history of contamination from many sources, is presented. Relatively great concentrations of POPs around the chemical industrial parks have the potential to be chronically carcinogenic to local people. Sixteen individual PAHs listed for priory control by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), metabolites of DDTs, and isomers of HCHs were measured in soils and a human health risk assessment was conducted by use of USEPA exposure models for children and adults, respectively. Geostatistical methods were used to simulate the spatial diffusion of potential carcinogenic risk, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the impact of point sources on the surrounding area. The mean value of the sum of Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (Sigma ELCR) exceeded the generally acceptable risk level of 1.0E-06 recommended by the USEPA for
HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT. 01/2010; 16.
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ABSTRACT: Concentrations and composition of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed for prior control by US EPA were detected by analyzing 28 surface soil samples from the chemical industrial areas of Tianjin Binhai New Area with a gas chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Relative concentrations of PAH compounds with different benzene rings and principal component analysis were used to identify the possible sources of soil PAHs. The maximum PAH concentration in all the samples was 5,991.7 ng x g(-1), with a mean values of 1,185.0 ng x g(-1). The concentrations of four and five rings PAH components were higher than that of the other PAH components in Tanggu and Hangu chemical industrial areas, and three rings PAH components were major PAHs in Dagang petroleum industrial area. There is significant positive correlation (n = 28, R2 = 0.847, p < 0.01) between PAH concentrations and total organic carbon (TOC) contents in the soil samples. Coal combustion was the dominant source of PAHs in chemical industrial areas, while petroleum volatilization and leakage were main contributors of PAHs in Dagang petroleum industrial area.
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.] 04/2009; 30(4):1166-72.
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ABSTRACT: The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry detector in 105 topsoil samples from an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in the North of China. Results demonstrated that concentrations of PAHs in 104 soil samples from this area ranged from 68.7 to 5,590 ng g(-1) dry weight with a mean of summation Sigma16PAHs 814 +/- 813 ng g(-1), which suggests that there exists mid to high levels of PAH contamination. The concentration of summation Sigma16PAHs in one soil sample from Tianjin Port was exceptionally high (48,700 ng g(-1)). Ninety-three of the 105 soil samples were considered to be contaminated with PAHs (>200 ng g(-1)), and 25 were heavily polluted (>1,000 ng g(-1)). The sites with high PAHs concentration are mainly distributed around chemical industry parks and near highways. Two low molecular weight PAHs, naphthalene and phenanthrene, were the dominant components in the soil samples, which accounted for 22.1% and 10.7% of the summation Sigma16PAHs concentration, respectively. According to the observed molecular indices, house heating in winter, straw stalk combustion in open areas after harvest, and petroleum input were common sources of PAHs in this area, while factory discharge and vehicle exhaust were the major sources around chemical industrial parks and near highways. Biological processes were probably another main source of low molecular weight PAHs.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 01/2009; 158(1-4):581-92. · 1.40 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Based on environmental statistics data from 1993 to 2005, spatial distribution and temporal tendency of the environmental pollution and destruction accidents and their external causes were analyzed by using GIS and non-parametric correlation methods. It was concluded that (1) during the study period, annual environmental pollution accidents was maximally 3001 times in 1994 and minimally 1406 in 2005, while the frequency decreased in general. In addition, water and air accidents occupied the most; (2) environmental pollution and destruction accidents centralized in southeast and middle parts of China, mainly in Hunan, Sichuan, and Guangxi; (3) factors including population, GDP, company number and industrial waste water discharge had positive impacts on frequency of environmental pollution and destruction accidents, while in developed provinces the frequency was only correlated with company number.
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.] 10/2008; 29(9):2684-8.
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ABSTRACT: Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB)) were investigated in 105 soil samples collected in vicinity of the chemical industrial parks in Tianjin, China. OCP concentrations significantly varied in the study area, high HCH and DDT levels were found close to the chemical industrial parks. The intensity of agricultural activity and distance from the potential OCP emitters have important influences on the OCP residue distributions. Principal component analysis indicates that HCH pollution is a mix of historical technical HCH and current lindane pollution and DDT pollution input is only due to technical DDT sources. The significant correlations of OCP compounds reveal that HCHs, DDTs and HCB could have some similar sources of origin.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 07/2008; 152(1-4):259-69. · 1.40 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Topsoil samples (n = 105) were collected to study the distribution of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) residues in the vicinity of chemical industrial parks in Tianjin, China. The occurrence and distribution of target organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were mapped to identify the spatial variation using Geographical Information System (GIS). In general, the concentrations of OCPs were higher in soils near the industrial parks, even some hotspots showed very high OCP contaminations which could cause ecological risk. The relationships between contaminant concentrations and other factors (land use and soil properties) were discussed. Significant correlations (P < 0.01) between TOC contents and the concentrations of DDTs, alpha-HCH, and beta-HCH indicated the effect of organic carbon on OCP distribution. Soil pH levels had no obvious effect on the OCP distributions. Except for the effects of the industrial parks, the capacities of biodegradation and dissipation of soils under different land uses were the important factors that affected the HCH distribution, but the distribution of DDTs was mainly influenced by the TOC levels. The results of this study can provide some evidences and data on the long term effects of industrial activities in the environment even after the cease of operations for a long time.
Journal of Environmental Quality 38(1):180-7. · 2.32 Impact Factor
