Christina C Dahm

Publications (43)226.74 Total impact

• Dataset: Prime PNAS 2009

  Tracy A Prime, Frances H Blaikie, Cameron Evans, Sergiy M Nadtochiy, Andrew M James, Christina C Dahm, Dario A Vitturi, Rakesh P Patel, C Robin Hiley, Irina Abakumova, Raquel Requejo, Edward T Chouchani, Thomas R Hurd, John F Garvey, Cormac T Taylor, Paul S Brookes, Robin A J Smith, Michael P Murphy
• Dataset: Prime PNAS 2009

  Tracy A Prime, Frances H Blaikie, Cameron Evans, Sergiy M Nadtochiy, Andrew M James, Christina C Dahm, Dario A Vitturi, Rakesh P Patel, C Robin Hiley, Irina Abakumova, Raquel Requejo, Edward T Chouchani, Thomas R Hurd, John F Garvey, Cormac T Taylor, Paul S Brookes, Robin A J Smith, Michael P Murphy
• Article: Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: results from a European cohort.

  Christina Bamia, Pagona Lagiou, Genevieve Buckland, Sara Grioni, Claudia Agnoli, Aliki J Taylor, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjønneland, [......], Isabel Drake, Timothy J Key, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Isabelle Romieu, Veronika Fedirko, Mazda Jenab, Dora Romaguera, Teresa Norat, Antonia Trichopoulou
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  ABSTRACT: The authors investigated the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was expressed through two 10-unit scales, the Modified Mediterranean diet score (MMDS) and the Centre-Specific MMDS (CSMMDS). Both scales share the same dietary components but differ in the cut-off values that were used for these components in the construction of the scales. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the associations of these scales with CRC incidence were estimated. After 5,296,617 person-years of follow-up, 4,355 incident CRC cases were identified. A decreased risk of CRC, of 8 and 11 % was estimated when comparing the highest (scores 6-9) with the lowest (scores 0-3) adherence to CSMMDS and MMDS respectively. For MMDS the HR was 0.89 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.80, 0.99). A 2-unit increment in either Mediterranean scale was associated with a borderline statistically significant 3 to 4 % reduction in CRC risk (HR for MMDS: 0.96; 95 % CI: 0.92, 1.00). These associations were somewhat more evident, among women, were mainly manifested for colon cancer risk and their magnitude was not altered when alcohol was excluded from MMDS. These findings suggest that following a Mediterranean diet may have a modest beneficial effect on CRC risk.
  European Journal of Epidemiology 04/2013; · 4.71 Impact Factor
• Article: Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines and risk of death in Europe: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer cohort study.

  Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Dora Romaguera, Petra H Peeters, Carla H van Gils, Doris Sm Chan, Isabelle Romieu, Heinz Freisling, Pietro Ferrari, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Guy Fagherazzi, [......], Anne May, Elisabet Wirfält, Emily Sonestedt, Ingegerd Johansson, Göran Hallmans, Eiliv Lund, Elisabete Weiderpass, Christine L Parr, Elio Riboli, Teresa Norat
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In 2007, the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) issued recommendations on diet, physical activity, and weight management for cancer prevention on the basis of the most comprehensive collection of available evidence. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations is related to risk of death. DESIGN: The current study included 378,864 participants from 9 European countries enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. At recruitment (1992-1998), dietary, anthropometric, and lifestyle information was collected. A WCRF/AICR score, which incorporated 6 of the WCRF/AICR recommendations for men [regarding body fatness, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods, and alcoholic drinks (score range: 0-6)] and 7 WCRF/AICR recommendations for women [plus breastfeeding (score range: 0-7)], was constructed. Higher scores indicated greater concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations. Associations between the WCRF/AICR score and risks of total and cause-specific death were estimated by using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: After a median follow-up time of 12.8 y, 23,828 deaths were identified. Participants within the highest category of the WCRF/AICR score (5-6 points in men; 6-7 points in women) had a 34% lower hazard of death (95% CI: 0.59, 0.75) compared with participants within the lowest category of the WCRF/AICR score (0-2 points in men; 0-3 points in women). Significant inverse associations were observed in all countries. The WCRF/AICR score was also significantly associated with a lower hazard of dying from cancer, circulatory disease, and respiratory disease. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that following WCRF/AICR recommendations could significantly increase longevity.
  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 04/2013; · 6.67 Impact Factor
• Article: Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study.

  Antonio Agudo, Catalina Bonet, Noémie Travier, Carlos A González, Paolo Vineis, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Paolo Boffetta, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, [......], Petra H M Peeters, Signe Borgquist, Martin Almquist, Göran Hallmans, Ingegerd Johansson, Inger T Gram, Eiliv Lund, Elisabete Weiderpass, Isabelle Romieu, Elio Riboli
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  ABSTRACT: PURPOSEOur aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC). METHODS The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AF(p)), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country.ResultsThe proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AF(p) were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC. CONCLUSION Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AF(p) estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark).
  Journal of Clinical Oncology 11/2012; · 18.37 Impact Factor
• Article: Fatty acid patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

  Christina C Dahm, Anders Gorst-Rasmussen, Francesca L Crowe, Nina Roswall, Anne Tjønneland, Dagmar Drogan, Heiner Boeing, Birgit Teucher, Rudolf Kaaks, George Adarakis, [......], Eva Ardanaz, Mattias Johansson, Pär Stattin, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Petra A Wark, Teresa Norat, Elio Riboli, Tim J Key, Kim Overvad
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Fatty acids in blood may be related to the risk of prostate cancer, but epidemiologic evidence is inconsistent. Blood fatty acids are correlated through shared food sources and common endogenous desaturation and elongation pathways. Studies of individual fatty acids cannot take this into account, but pattern analysis can. Treelet transform (TT) is a novel method that uses data correlation structures to derive sparse factors that explain variation.Objective: The objective was to gain further insight in the association between plasma fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer by applying TT to take data correlations into account. DESIGN: We reanalyzed previously published data from a case-control study of prostate cancer nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. TT was used to derive factors explaining the variation in 26 plasma phospholipid fatty acids of 962 incident prostate cancer cases matched to 1061 controls. Multiple imputation was used to deal with missing data in covariates. ORs of prostate cancer according to factor scores were determined by using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Four simple factors explained 38% of the variation in plasma fatty acids. A high score on a factor reflecting a long-chain n-3 PUFA pattern was associated with greater risk of prostate cancer (OR for highest compared with lowest quintile: 1.36; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.86; P-trend = 0.041). CONCLUSION: Pattern analyses using TT groupings of correlated fatty acids indicate that intake or metabolism of long-chain n-3 PUFAs may be relevant to prostate cancer etiology.
  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11/2012; · 6.67 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: H.B. Bueno-de-Mesquita

  Article: Plasma antibodies to oral bacteria and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large European prospective cohort study.

  Dominique S Michaud, Jacques Izard, Charlotte S Wilhelm-Benartzi, Doo-Ho You, Verena A Grote, Anne Tjønneland, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Mazda Jenab, Veronika Fedirko, [......], Weimin Ye, Malin Sund, Björn Lindkvist, Dorthe Johansen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Ruth C Travis, Paolo Vineis, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Elio Riboli
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  ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Examine the relationship between antibodies to 25 oral bacteria and pancreatic cancer risk in a prospective cohort study. DESIGN: We measured antibodies to oral bacteria in prediagnosis blood samples from 405 pancreatic cancer cases and 416 matched controls, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Analyses were conducted using conditional logistic regression and additionally adjusted for smoking status and body mass index. RESULTS: Individuals with high levels of antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATTC 53978, a pathogenic periodontal bacteria, had a twofold higher risk of pancreatic cancer than individuals with lower levels of these antibodies (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.05 to 4.36; >200 ng/ml vs ≤200 ng/ml). To explore the association with commensal (non-pathogenic) oral bacteria, we performed a cluster analysis and identified two groups of individuals, based on their antibody profiles. A cluster with overall higher levels of antibodies had a 45% lower risk of pancreatic cancer than a cluster with overall lower levels of antibodies (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.83). CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal disease might increase the risk for pancreatic cancer. Moreover, increased levels of antibodies against specific commensal oral bacteria, which can inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria, might reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer. Studies are needed to determine whether oral bacteria have direct effects on pancreatic cancer pathogenesis or serve as markers of the immune response.
  Gut 09/2012; · 10.11 Impact Factor
• Article: Estimating the alcohol-breast cancer association: a comparison of diet diaries, FFQs and combined measurements.

  Ruth H Keogh, Jin Young Park, Ian R White, Marleen A H Lentjes, Alison McTaggart, Amit Bhaniani, Benjamin J Cairns, Timothy J Key, Darren C Greenwood, Victoria J Burley, Janet E Cade, Christina C Dahm, Gerda K Pot, Alison M Stephen, Gabriel Masset, Eric J Brunner, Kay-Tee Khaw
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  ABSTRACT: The alcohol-breast cancer association has been established using alcohol intake measurements from Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). For some nutrients diet diary measurements are more highly correlated with true intake compared with FFQ measurements, but it is unknown whether this is true for alcohol. A case-control study (656 breast cancer cases, 1905 matched controls) was sampled from four cohorts in the UK Dietary Cohort Consortium. Alcohol intake was measured prospectively using FFQs and 4- or 7-day diet diaries. Both relied on fixed portion sizes allocated to given beverage types, but those used to obtain FFQ measurements were lower. FFQ measurements were therefore on average lower and to enable fair comparison the FFQ was "calibrated" using diet diary portion sizes. Diet diaries gave more zero measurements, demonstrating the challenge of distinguishing never-from episodic-consumers using short term instruments. To use all information, two combined measurements were calculated. The first is an average of the two measurements with special treatment of zeros. The second is the expected true intake given both measurements, calculated using a measurement error model. After confounder adjustment the odds ratio (OR) per 10 g/day of alcohol intake was 1.05 (95 % CI 0.98, 1.13) using diet diaries, and 1.13 (1.02, 1.24) using FFQs. The calibrated FFQ measurement and combined measurements 1 and 2 gave ORs 1.10 (1.03, 1.18), 1.09 (1.01, 1.18), 1.09 (0.99,1.20), respectively. The association was modified by HRT use, being stronger among users versus non-users. In summary, using an alcohol measurement from a diet diary at one time point gave attenuated associations compared with FFQ.
  European Journal of Epidemiology 05/2012; 27(7):547-59. · 4.71 Impact Factor
• Article: Abdominal obesity, weight gain during adulthood and risk of liver and biliary tract cancer in a European cohort.

  Sabrina Schlesinger, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Tobias Pischon, Veronika Fedirko, Mazda Jenab, Elisabeth Trepo, Paolo Boffetta, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland, [......], Sara Regner, Mårten Werner, Malin Sund, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nicholas Wareham, Ruth C Travis, Teresa Norat, Petra A Wark, Elio Riboli, Ute Nöthlings
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  ABSTRACT: General obesity has been positively associated with risk of liver and probably with biliary tract cancer, but little is known about abdominal obesity or weight gain during adulthood. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to investigate associations between weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), weight change during adulthood and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic (IBDC) and extrahepatic bile duct system cancer [EBDSC including gallbladder cancer (GBC)] among 359,525 men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Hepatitis B and C virus status was measured in a nested case-control subset. During a mean follow-up of 8.6 years, 177 cases of HCC, 58 cases of IBDC and 210 cases of EBDSC, including 76 cases of GBC, occurred. All anthropometric measures were positively associated with risk of HCC and GBC. WHtR showed the strongest association with HCC [relative risk (RR) comparing extreme tertiles 3.51, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.09-5.87; p(trend) < 0.0001] and with GBC (RR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.12-2.16 for an increment of one unit in WHtR). Weight gain during adulthood was also positively associated with HCC when comparing extreme tertiles (RR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.49-4.13; <0.001). No statistically significant association was observed between obesity and risk of IBDC and EBDSC. Our results provide evidence of an association between obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, and risk of HCC and GBC. Our findings support public health recommendations to reduce the prevalence of obesity and weight gain in adulthood for HCC and GBC prevention in Western populations.
  International Journal of Cancer 05/2012; · 5.44 Impact Factor
• Article: Is concordance with World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines for cancer prevention related to subsequent risk of cancer? Results from the EPIC study.

  Dora Romaguera, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Petra H Peeters, Carla H van Gils, Doris S M Chan, Pietro Ferrari, Isabelle Romieu, Mazda Jenab, Nadia Slimani, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, [......], Frederike L Büchner, Elisabet Wirfält, Jonas Manjer, Ingegerd Johansson, Göran Hallmans, Guri Skeie, Kristin Benjaminsen Borch, Christine L Parr, Elio Riboli, Teresa Norat
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  ABSTRACT: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute of Cancer Research (AICR) issued 8 recommendations (plus 2 special recommendations) on diet, physical activity, and weight management for cancer prevention on the basis of the most comprehensive collection of available evidence. We aimed to investigate whether concordance with the WCRF/AICR recommendations was related to cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The present study included 386,355 EPIC participants from 9 European countries. At recruitment, dietary, anthropometric, and lifestyle information was collected. A score was constructed based on the WCRF/AICR recommendations on weight management, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods, alcoholic drinks, and breastfeeding for women; the score range was 0-6 for men and 0-7 for women. Higher scores indicated greater concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations. The association between the score and cancer risk was estimated by using multivariable Cox regression models. Concordance with the score was significantly associated with decreased risk of cancer. A 1-point increment in the score was associated with a risk reduction of 5% (95% CI: 3%, 7%) for total cancer, 12% (95% CI: 9%, 16%) for colorectal cancer, and 16% (95% CI: 9%, 22%) for stomach cancer. Significant associations were also observed for cancers of the breast, endometrium, lung, kidney, upper aerodigestive tract, liver, and esophagus but not for prostate, ovarian, pancreatic, and bladder cancers. Adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations for cancer prevention may lower the risk of developing most types of cancer.
  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 05/2012; 96(1):150-63. · 6.67 Impact Factor
• Article: Coffee and tea consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study and updated meta-analysis.

  Marieke G M Braem, N Charlotte Onland-Moret, Leo J Schouten, Anne Tjønneland, Louise Hansen, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Annekatrin Lukanova, Laure Dossus, Anna Floegel, [......], Konstantinos K Tsilidis, Kay-Tee Kaw, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Vincent K Dik, Sabina Rinaldi, Veronika Fedirko, Teresa Norat, Elio Riboli, Rudolf Kaaks, Petra H M Peeters
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  ABSTRACT: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund Report concluded that there was limited and inconsistent evidence for an effect of coffee and tea consumption on the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we aimed to investigate whether coffee intakes, tea intakes, or both are associated with the risk of EOC. All women participating in the EPIC (n = 330,849) were included in this study. Data on coffee and tea consumption were collected through validated food-frequency questionnaires at baseline. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models. Furthermore, we performed an updated meta-analysis of all previous prospective studies until April 2011 by comparing the highest and lowest coffee- and tea-consumption categories as well as by using dose-response random-effects meta-regression analyses. During a median follow-up of 11.7 y, 1244 women developed EOC. No association was observed between the risk of EOC and coffee consumption [HR: 1.05 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.46) for the top quintile compared with no intake] or tea consumption [HR: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.45) for the top quintile compared with no intake]. This lack of association between coffee and tea intake and EOC risk was confirmed by the results of our meta-analysis. Epidemiologic studies do not provide sufficient evidence to support an association between coffee and tea consumption and risk of ovarian cancer.
  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 03/2012; 95(5):1172-81. · 6.67 Impact Factor
• Article: Prediagnostic 25-hydroxyvitamin D, VDR and CASR polymorphisms, and survival in patients with colorectal cancer in western European ppulations.

  Veronika Fedirko, Elio Riboli, Anne Tjønneland, Pietro Ferrari, Anja Olsen, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, Teresa Norat, Eugène H J M Jansen, Christina C Dahm, [......], Göran Hallmans, Timothy J Key, Francesca Crowe, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Isabelle Romieu, James McKay, Petra A Wark, Dora Romaguera, Mazda Jenab
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  ABSTRACT: Individuals with higher blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels have a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), but the influence of 25(OH)D on mortality after CRC diagnosis is unknown. The association between prediagnostic 25(OH)D levels and CRC-specific (N = 444) and overall mortality (N = 541) was prospectively examined among 1,202 participants diagnosed with CRC between 1992 and 2003 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate HRs and corresponding 95% CIs according to 25(OH)D quintiles and genetic variation within the VDR and CASR genes. Potential dietary, lifestyle, and metabolic effect modifiers were also investigated. There were 541 deaths, 444 (82%) due to CRC. Mean follow-up was 73 months. In multivariable analysis, higher 25(OH)D levels were associated with a statistically significant reduction in CRC-specific (P(trend) = 0.04) and overall mortality (P(trend) = 0.01). Participants with 25(OH)D levels in the highest quintile had an adjusted HR of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.50-0.93) for CRC-specific mortality and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.50-0.88) for overall mortality, compared with the lowest quintile. Except for a possible interaction by prediagnostic dietary calcium intake (P(interaction) = 0.01), no other potential modifying factors related to CRC survival were noted. The VDR (FokI and BsmI) and CASR (rs1801725) genotypes were not associated with survival. High prediagnostic 25(OH)D levels are associated with improved survival of patients with CRC. Our findings may stimulate further research directed at investigating the effects of blood vitamin D levels before, at, and after CRC diagnosis on outcomes in CRC patients.
  Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers &amp Prevention 03/2012; 21(4):582-93. · 4.12 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Anette Hjartåker

  Article: Dietary fibre intake and risks of cancers of the colon and rectum in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC).

  Neil Murphy, Teresa Norat, Pietro Ferrari, Mazda Jenab, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Guri Skeie, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjønneland, [......], Lena Nilsson, Richard Palmqvist, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Timothy J Key, Francesca L Crowe, Veronika Fedirko, Petra A Wark, Shu-Chun Chuang, Elio Riboli
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  ABSTRACT: Earlier analyses within the EPIC study showed that dietary fibre intake was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, but results from some large cohort studies do not support this finding. We explored whether the association remained after longer follow-up with a near threefold increase in colorectal cancer cases, and if the association varied by gender and tumour location. After a mean follow-up of 11.0 years, 4,517 incident cases of colorectal cancer were documented. Total, cereal, fruit, and vegetable fibre intakes were estimated from dietary questionnaires at baseline. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models stratified by age, sex, and centre, and adjusted for total energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, education, menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptive use, and intakes of alcohol, folate, red and processed meats, and calcium. After multivariable adjustments, total dietary fibre was inversely associated with colorectal cancer (HR per 10 g/day increase in fibre 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.96). Similar linear associations were observed for colon and rectal cancers. The association between total dietary fibre and risk of colorectal cancer risk did not differ by age, sex, or anthropometric, lifestyle, and dietary variables. Fibre from cereals and fibre from fruit and vegetables were similarly associated with colon cancer; but for rectal cancer, the inverse association was only evident for fibre from cereals. Our results strengthen the evidence for the role of high dietary fibre intake in colorectal cancer prevention.
  PLoS ONE 01/2012; 7(6):e39361. · 4.09 Impact Factor
• Article: Dietary total antioxidant capacity and gastric cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study.

  Mauro Serafini, Paula Jakszyn, Leila Luján-Barroso, Antonio Agudo, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, Mazda Jenab, Carmen Navarro, Domenico Palli, Heiner Boeing, [......], Kim Overvad, Majken Jensen, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjonneland, Eiliv Lund, Sabina Rinaldi, Dominique Michaud, Traci Mouw, Elio Riboli, Carlos A González
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  ABSTRACT: A high intake of dietary antioxidant compounds has been hypothesized to be an appropriate strategy to reduce gastric cancer (GC) development. We investigated the effect of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in relation to GC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC) study including 23 centers in 10 European countries. A total of 521,457 subjects (153,447 men) aged mostly 35-70 years old, were recruited largely between 1992 and 1998. Ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), measuring reducing and chain-breaking antioxidant capacity were used to measure dietary TAC from plant foods. Dietary antioxidant intake is associated with a reduction in the risk of GC for both FRAP (adjusted HR 0.66; 95%CI (0.46-0.95) and TRAP (adjusted HR 0.61; 95%CI (0.43-0.87) (highest vs. lowest quintile). The association was observed for both cardia and noncardia cancers. A clear effect was observed in smokers with a significant reduction in GC risk for the fifth quintile of intake for both assays (highest vs. lowest quintile: adjusted HR 0.41; 95%CI (0.22-0.76) p for trend <0.001 for FRAP; adjusted HR 0.52; 95%CI (0.28-0.97) p for trend <0.001 for TRAP) but not in nonsmokers. In former smokers, the association with FRAP intake was statistically significant (highest vs. lowest quintile: adjusted HR 0.4; 95%CI (0.21-0.75) p < 0.05); no association was observed for TRAP. Dietary antioxidant capacity intake from different sources of plant foods is associated with a reduction in the risk of GC.
  International Journal of Cancer 11/2011; 131(4):E544-54. · 5.44 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Per M Ueland

  Article: Plasma cotinine levels and pancreatic cancer in the EPIC cohort study

  Max Leenders, Shu-Chun Chuang, Christina C. Dahm, Kim Overvad, Per Magne Ueland, Øivind Midttun, Stein Emil Vollset, Anne Tjønneland, Jytte Halkjær, Mazda Jenab, [......], Weimin Ye, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nicholas J. Wareham, Dominique S. Michaud, Elio Riboli, Wei W. Xun, Naomi E. Allen, Francesca L. Crowe, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Paolo Vineis
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  ABSTRACT: Smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, previously investigated by the means of questionnaires. Using cotinine as a biomarker for tobacco exposure allows more accurate quantitative analyses to be performed. This study on pancreatic cancer, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC cohort), included 146 cases and 146 matched controls. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, plasma cotinine levels were analyzed on average 8.0 years before cancer onset (5–95% range: 2.8–12.0 years). The relation between plasma cotinine levels and pancreatic cancer was analyzed with conditional logistic regression for different levels of cotinine in a population of never and current smokers. This was also done for the self-reported number of smoked cigarettes per day at baseline. Every increase of 350 nmol/L of plasma cotinine was found to significantly elevate risk of pancreatic cancer [odds ratio (OR): 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.60]. People with a cotinine level over 1187.8 nmol/L, a level comparable to smoking 17 cigarettes per day, have an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer, compared to people with cotinine levels below 55 nmol/L (OR: 3.66, 95% CI: 1.44–9.26). The results for self-reported smoking at baseline also show an increased risk of pancreatic cancer from cigarette smoking based on questionnaire information. People who smoke more than 30 cigarettes per day showed the highest risk compared to never smokers (OR: 4.15, 95% CI: 1.02–16.42). This study is the first to show that plasma cotinine levels are strongly related to pancreatic cancer.
  International Journal of Cancer 11/2011; 131(4):997 - 1002. · 5.44 Impact Factor
• Article: Comparison of standardised dietary folate intake across ten countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

  Jin Young Park, Genevieve Nicolas, Heinz Freisling, Carine Biessy, Augustin Scalbert, Isabelle Romieu, Véronique Chajès, Shu-Chun Chuang, Ulrika Ericson, Peter Wallström, [......], Birgit Teucher, Silke Feller, Guri Skeie, Dagrun Engeset, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Francesca Crowe, Kay-Tee Khaw, Paolo Vineis, Nadia Slimani
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  ABSTRACT: Folate plays an important role in the synthesis and methylation of DNA as a cofactor in one-carbon metabolism. Inadequate folate intake has been linked to adverse health events. However, comparable information on dietary folate intake across European countries has never been reported. The objective of the present study was to describe the dietary folate intake and its food sources in ten countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 36 034 participants (aged 35-74 years) who completed a single 24 h dietary recall using a computerised interview software program, EPIC-Soft® (International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon). Dietary folate intake was estimated using the standardised EPIC Nutrient DataBase, adjusted for age, energy intake, weight and height and weighted by season and day of recall. Adjusted mean dietary folate intake in most centres ranged from 250 to 350 μg/d in men and 200 to 300 μg/d in women. Folate intake tended to be lower among current smokers and heavier alcohol drinkers and to increase with educational level, especially in women. Supplement users (any types) were likely to report higher dietary folate intake in most centres. Vegetables, cereals and fruits, nuts and seeds were the main contributors to folate intake. Nonetheless, the type and pattern of consumption of these main food items varied across the centres. These first comparisons of standardised dietary folate intakes across different European populations show moderate regional differences (except the UK health conscious group), and variation by sex, educational level, smoking and alcohol-drinking status, and supplement use.
  The British journal of nutrition 11/2011; 108(3):552-69. · 3.45 Impact Factor
• Article: Plasma phospholipid fatty acid concentrations and risk of gastric adenocarcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST).

  Véronique Chajès, Mazda Jenab, Isabelle Romieu, Pietro Ferrari, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Rikke Egeberg, Anne Tjønneland, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, [......], Elisabet Wirfält, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Naomi E Allen, Francesca L Crowe, Sabina Rinaldi, Nadia Slimani, Fatima Carneiro, Elio Riboli, Carlos A González
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  ABSTRACT: Epidemiologic data suggest that diet is a risk factor in the etiology of gastric cancer. However, the role of dietary fatty acids, a modifiable risk factor, remains relatively unexplored. The objective of this study was to determine the association of plasma phospholipid fatty acid concentrations, as biomarkers of exogenous and endogenously derived fatty acids, with the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Europe Gastric Cancer (EPIC-EURGAST). Fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography in prediagnostic plasma phospholipids from 238 cases matched to 626 controls by age, sex, study center, and date of blood donation. Conditional logistic regression models adjusted for Helicobacter pylori infection status, BMI, smoking, physical activity, education, and energy intake were used to estimate relative cancer risks. Positive risk associations for gastric cancer were observed in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of plasma oleic acid (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.94), di-homo-γ-linolenic acid (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.35), α-linolenic acid (OR: 3.20; 95% CI: 1.70, 6.06), and the ratio of MUFAs to saturated fatty acids, as an indicator of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 enzyme activity (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 0.81, 2.43). An inverse risk association was observed with the ratio of linoleic to α-linolenic acid (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.66). These data suggest that a specific prediagnostic plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile, characterized mainly by high concentrations of oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and di-homo-γ-linolenic acid, which presumably reflect both a complex dietary pattern and altered fatty acid metabolism, may be related to increased gastric cancer risk.
  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11/2011; 94(5):1304-13. · 6.67 Impact Factor
• Article: Erratum to: Meat, poultry and fish and risk of colorectal cancer: pooled analysis of data from the UK dietary cohort consortium.

  Elizabeth A Spencer, Timothy J Key, Paul N Appleby, Christina C Dahm, Ruth H Keogh, Ian S Fentiman, Tasnime Akbaraly, Eric J Brunner, Victoria Burley, Janet E Cade, Darren C Greenwood, Alison M Stephen, Gita Mishra, Diana Kuh, Robert Luben, Angela A Mulligan, Kay-Tee Khaw, Sheila A Rodwell
  Cancer Causes and Control 09/2011; 22(9):1351. · 2.88 Impact Factor
• Article: Dietary fat and breast cancer: comparison of results from food diaries and food-frequency questionnaires in the UK Dietary Cohort Consortium.

  Timothy J Key, Paul N Appleby, Benjamin J Cairns, Robert Luben, Christina C Dahm, Tasnime Akbaraly, Eric J Brunner, Victoria Burley, Janet E Cade, Darren C Greenwood, Alison M Stephen, Gita Mishra, Diana Kuh, Ruth H Keogh, Ian R White, Amit Bhaniani, Gabor Borgulya, Angela A Mulligan, Kay Tee Khaw
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  ABSTRACT: Epidemiologic studies of dietary fat and breast cancer risk are inconsistent, and it has been suggested that a true relation may have been obscured by the imprecise measurement of fat intake. We examined associations of fat with breast cancer risk by using estimates of fat intake from food diaries and food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) pooled from 4 prospective studies in the United Kingdom. A total of 657 cases of breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women were matched on study, age, and recruitment date with 1911 control subjects. Nutrient intakes were estimated from food diaries and FFQs. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for breast cancer associated with total, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fat intakes with adjustment for relevant covariates. Neither the food diaries nor the FFQs showed any positive associations between fat intake and overall breast cancer risk. ORs (95% CIs) for the highest compared with lowest quintiles of percentage of energy from total fat were 0.90 (0.66, 1.23) for food diaries and 0.80 (0.59, 1.09) for FFQs. In this study, breast cancer risk was not associated with fat intake in middle-aged women in the United Kingdom, irrespective of whether diet was measured by food diaries or by FFQs.
  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 08/2011; 94(4):1043-52. · 6.67 Impact Factor
• Article: Dietary intake of heme iron and risk of gastric cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study.

  Paula Jakszyn, Antonio Agudo, Leila Lujan-Barroso, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Mazda Jenab, Carmen Navarro, Domenico Palli, Heiner Boeing, Jonas Manjer, Mattijs E Numans, [......], Kim Overvad, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjonneland, Guri Skeie, Ann Ragnhild Broderstad, Eiliv Lund, Dominique S Michaud, Traci Mouw, Elio Riboli, Carlos A González
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  ABSTRACT: Even though recent studies suggest that a high intake of heme iron is associated with several types of cancer, epidemiological studies in relation to gastric cancer (GC) are lacking. Our previous results show a positive association between red and processed meat and non cardia gastric cancer, especially in Helicobacter pylori infected subjects. The aim of the study is to investigate the association between heme iron intake and GC risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EURGAST-EPIC). Dietary intake was assessed by validated center-specific questionnaires. Heme iron was calculated as a type-specific percentage of the total iron content in meat intake, derived from the literature. Antibodies of H. pylori infection and vitamin C levels were measured in a sub-sample of cases and matched controls included in a nested case-control study within the cohort. The study included 481,419 individuals and 444 incident cases of GC that occurred during an average of 8.7 years of followup. We observed a statistically significant association between heme iron intake and GC risk (HR 1.13 95% CI: 1.01-1.26 for a doubling of intake) adjusted by sex, age, BMI, education level, tobacco smoking and energy intake. The positive association between heme iron and the risk of GC was statistically significant in subjects with plasma vitamin C <39 mmol/l only (log2 HR 1.54 95% CI (1.01-2.35). We found a positive association between heme iron intake and gastric cancer risk.
  International Journal of Cancer 06/2011; 130(11):2654-63. · 5.44 Impact Factor