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Zhen-Jie Wang,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Makiko Morita,
Kengo Toyomura,
Suminori Kono,
Takashi Ueki,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: AIM: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of polyphenols and colorectal cancer. METHODS: The study subjects were derived from the Fukuoka colorectal cancer study, a community-based case-control study. The study subjects were 816 cases of colorectal cancer and 815 community-based controls. The consumption of 148 food items was assessed by a computer-assisted interview. We used the consumption of 97 food items to estimate dietary intakes of total, tea and coffee polyphenols. The Phenol-Explorer database was used for 92 food items. Of the 5 foods which were not listed in the Phenol-Explorer Database, polyphenol contents of 3 foods (sweet potatoes, satoimo and daikon) were based on a Japanese study and 2 foods (soybeans and fried potatoes) were estimated by ORAC-based polyphenol contents in the United States Department of Agriculture Database. Odds ratios (OR) and 95%CI of colorectal cancer risk according to quintile categories of intake were obtained by using logistic regression models with adjustment for age, sex, residential area, parental history of colorectal cancer, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index 10 years before, type of job, leisure-time physical activity and dietary intakes of calcium and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. RESULTS: There was no measurable difference in total or tea polyphenol intake between cases and controls, but intake of coffee polyphenols was lower in cases than in controls. The multivariate-adjusted OR of colorectal cancer according to quintile categories of coffee polyphenols (from the first to top quintile) were 1.00 (referent), 0.81 (95%CI: 0.60-1.10), 0.65 (95%CI: 0.47-0.89), 0.65 (95%CI: 0.46-0.89) and 0.82 (95%CI: 0.60-1.10), respectively (P trend = 0.07). Similar, but less pronounced, decreases in the OR were also noted for the third and fourth quintiles of total polyphenol intake. Tea polyphenols and non-coffee polyphenols showed no association with colorectal cancer risk. The site-specific analysis, based on 463 colon cancer cases and 340 rectal cancer cases, showed an inverse association between coffee polyphenols and colon cancer. The multivariate-adjusted OR of colon cancer for the first to top quintiles of coffee polyphenols were 1.00 (referent), 0.92 (95%CI: 0.64-1.31), 0.75 (95%CI: 0.52-1.08), 0.69 (95%CI: 0.47-1.01), and 0.68 (95%CI: 0.46-1.00), respectively (P trend = 0.02). Distal colon cancer showed a more evident inverse association with coffee polyphenols than proximal colon cancer. The association between coffee polyphenols and rectal cancer risk was U-shaped, with significant decreases in the OR at the second to fourth quintile categories. There was also a tendency that the OR of colon and rectal cancer decreased in the intermediate categories of total polyphenols. The decrease in the OR in the intermediate categories of total polyphenols was most pronounced for distal colon cancer. Intake of tea polyphenols was not associated with either colon or rectal cancer. The associations of coffee consumption with colorectal, colon and rectal cancers were almost the same as observed for coffee polyphenols. The trend of the association between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest a decreased risk of colorectal cancer associated with coffee consumption.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 05/2013; 19(17):2683-2690. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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Naoko Honma,
Ken Yamamoto,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Makiko Morita,
Kengo Toyomura,
Suminori Kono,
Masaaki Muramatsu,
Tomio Arai,
Takashi Ueki,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: Estrogen receptor (ER)-β signaling has generally been implicated in protection against colorectal cancer. The ER-β gene cytosine-adenine (ESR2 CA) repeat polymorphism was reported to be associated with colorectal cancer, although showing contradicting results probably caused by ethnicity or age distribution of the subjects. We investigated the association between this polymorphism and the colorectal cancer risk in a community-based case-control study in Japan (685 cases/778 controls), including only subjects younger than 75. The effect modifications of the body mass index (BMI) and isoflavone intake were also examined. ESR2 CA repeat polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction using fluorescein-labeled primers. CA repeat alleles were classified into short (S) allele (<22 repeats) and long (L) allele (≥22 repeats). Subjects were divided into three genotype groups (SS/SL/LL). The risk of colon cancer, but not of rectal cancer, was increased with an increasing number of L alleles among postmenopausal women; age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for SL and LL genotypes compared with the SS genotype were 1.78 and 2.91, respectively (trend p = 0.002). Increased risks of colon cancer associated with the L allele were more evident among postmenopausal women with low BMI (<25 kg m(-2) ) or with high isoflavone intake. Such associations were not observed among men or premenopausal women. Having longer ESR2 CA repeat increases colon cancer risk among postmenopausal women younger than 75, possibly with modification of BMI and isoflavone intake. Aging and estrogenic condition may be important in the colon cancer pathogenesis associated with ESR2 CA repeat polymorphism.
International Journal of Cancer 06/2012; · 5.44 Impact Factor
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Zhenjie Wang,
Amit Man Joshi,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Makiko Morita,
Kengo Toyomura,
Suminori Kono,
Takashi Ueki,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: It has long been a matter of interest whether antioxidant vitamins are protective against colorectal cancer as well as human cancers in general, but epidemiological evidence is inconclusive. We investigated associations of dietary intakes of retinol and antioxidant vitamins with colorectal cancer risk in 816 incident cases of histologically confirmed colorectal cancer and 815 controls randomly selected for the Fukuoka colorectal cancer study in Japan. Dietary intakes were assessed by a PC-assisted interview regarding 148 food items. Statistical adjustment was made for body mass index, physical activity, calcium, and n-3 fatty acid intake and other factors. Retinol intake was significantly, inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk; the odds ratio for the highest vs. lowest was 0.55 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.88; P (trend) = 0.01) in women, but a modest increase in the risk was observed among men with the highest intake of retinol. Liver was the major source of retinol intake and showed similar associations with colorectal cancer risk in men and women. Intake of carotenes, vitamin C, and vitamin E were not related to colorectal cancer risk in either men or women. The study did not support a hypothesis that dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins is protective in the development of colorectal cancer.
Nutrition and Cancer 06/2012; 64(6):798-805. · 2.78 Impact Factor
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Hoirun Nisa,
Sanjeev Budhathoki,
Makiko Morita,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Suminori Kono,
Takashi Ueki,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) plays an important role in the activation and detoxification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carcinogens found in cigarette smoke. Polymorphisms in exon 3 (Y113H) and exon 4 (H139R) of the EPHX1 have been associated with enzyme activity. We investigated the risk of colorectal cancer in relation to the EPHX1 Y113H and H139R polymorphisms and assessed effect modifications of cigarette smoking and the other covariates. The interaction between the EPHX1 polymorphisms and selected genetic polymorphisms was also examined. We used data from Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, a community-based case-control study, including 685 cases and 778 controls. In-person interviews were conducted to assess lifestyle factors. The EPHX1 Y113H and H139R polymorphisms were determined by the TaqMan assay and the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, respectively. Neither of the two polymorphisms nor the imputed EPHX1 phenotype was associated with colorectal cancer risk. Cigarette smoking and alcohol intake showed no effect modification on the association with the EPHX1 polymorphisms or the imputed EPHX1 phenotype. Increased risks of colorectal cancer associated with the 113Y allele and imputed EPHX1 phenotype were observed among individuals with high body mass index (BMI; ≥25.0 kg/m(2) ), but not among those with low BMI (<25.0 kg/m(2) ). The risk decreased with an increasing number of the 139R allele in the null genotypes of GSTM1/GSTT1. It is unlikely that the EPHX1 polymorphisms play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. The observed interactions of the EPHX1 polymorphisms with BMI and the GSTM1/GSTT1 genotypes warrant further investigation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular Carcinogenesis 03/2012; · 3.16 Impact Factor
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Guang Yin,
Makiko Morita,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Kengo Toyomura,
Nobuyuki Hamajima,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Takashi Ueki,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takefumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) polymorphisms affect DNA repair capacity and may therefore be of importance in colorectal carcinogenesis. Alcohol consumption, an important risk factor for colorectal cancer, may induce carcinogenesis through DNA damage caused by the toxic effects of alcohol or its metabolites. Therefore, we examined the associations of XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg280His, and Arg194Trp polymorphisms with colorectal cancer and the impact of the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk.
This case-control study in Fukuoka, Japan including 685 cases and 778 controls. The cases were incident patients with histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma. The controls were randomly selected community subjects.
The XRCC1 399Gln/Gln genotype was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% CI 1.01-2.42; relative to 399Arg/Arg genotype). The association was strongest in individuals with high alcohol consumption. The Arg280His polymorphism modified the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk (interaction P = 0.049). The OR of colorectal cancer in individuals with the 280His allele was 0.45 (95% CI 0.26-0.78) as compared with the 280Arg/Arg genotype limited to the 399Gln allele (interaction P = 0.001). The adjusted ORs for 399Gln/Gln-280Arg/Arg-194Arg/Arg and 399Arg/Gln-280Arg/Arg-194Arg/Trp were 1.71 (95% CI 1.02-2.87) and 1.57 (95% CI 1.05-2.33), respectively, with 399Arg/Arg-280Arg/Arg-194Arg/Arg as reference (interaction P = 0.418).
The findings are additional evidence that individuals with the XRCC1 399Gln/Gln genotype have an increased risk of colorectal cancer, and that XRCC1 polymorphisms have an important role in colorectal cancer risk associated with alcohol consumption or gene-gene interaction.
Journal of Epidemiology 12/2011; 22(1):64-71. · 1.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The lung is one of the key sites of hematogenous metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer. A metastasectomy of the lung is reported to improve the prognosis of colorectal cancer. We reviewed our experience in evaluating the surgical outcomes in colorectal cancer patients who have undergone a pulmonary metastasectomy.
A single-center retrospective evaluation of clinical prognostic factors (1996-2008) related to a pulmonary metastasectomy of patients with colorectal cancer was conducted. Fifty-seven consecutive patients in our hospital who had undergone a resection of pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer were retrospectively investigated.
The mean age of the patients who underwent an initial pulmonary metastasectomy was 63.8 years. The average number of pulmonary metastases was 3.8. Pulmonary metastasectomy was performed an average of 1.6 times per head. A total of 32 patients had undergone a liver metastasectomy, and the 5-year survival of these 32 patients was 43.1%. The 5-year survival of the time from first pulmonary metastasectomy was 53.9%. There were no statistical differences with regard to the disease-free interval, interval from primary resection, or the number of pulmonary metastasectomies.
A pulmonary resection for colorectal pulmonary metastases is therefore considered to be a favorable treatment for long-term survival even in the presence of liver metastases. Thoracic surgeons should therefore aggressively perform a pulmonary metastasectomy of colorectal cancer.
Surgery Today 01/2011; 41(1):54-9. · 1.22 Impact Factor
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Naotaka Tashiro,
Sanjeev Budhathoki,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Kengo Toyomura,
Suminori Kono,
Takashi Ueki,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: Constipation has been suspected to be linked to colorectal cancer risk, but epidemiological evidence is inconclusive. We described the prevalence of constipation and related lifestyle factors in a community and examined the relation of constipation and other bowel habits to colorectal cancer risk. The prevalence study was based on 833 community controls in the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, and 212 cases of Dukes' stage A were used in a study on bowel habits and colorectal cancer risk. Bowel habits were assessed by in-person interview. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of colorectal cancer were estimated with adjustment for dietary and nondietary factors. Constipation was reported by 10.3% of men and 27.7% of women. Individuals with less frequent bowel movements had a lower intake of total energy and were physically less active. The multivariate-adjusted OR (95% CI) of colorectal cancer were 1.51 (1.02-2.25) for self-reported constipation, 1.60 (1.05-2.44) for functional constipation, and 1.24 (0.81-1.90) for infrequent bowel movements (<1 stool/day). Self-reported constipation was fairly common in Japanese adults. Constipation was associated with a moderately increased risk of colorectal cancer.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP 01/2011; 12(8):2025-30. · 0.66 Impact Factor
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Kayo Kurotani,
Sanjeev Budhathoki,
Amit Man Joshi,
Guang Yin,
Kengo Toyomura,
Suminori Kono,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: Few studies have addressed the relation between dietary patterns and colorectal cancer in Japan. We investigated dietary patterns in relation to colorectal cancer risk in a community-based case-control study. The association with dietary patterns was also examined for different sites of colorectal cancer. Data were derived from the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, including 800 cases and 775 controls interviewed from September 2000 to December 2003. The cases were admitted to one of the participating hospitals for the first surgical treatment during this period. We identified dietary patterns using principal component analysis of intakes of twenty-nine items of food groups and specific foods. Quartile categories of each dietary pattern were used, and non-dietary lifestyle factors and total energy intake were adjusted for in the analysis. We identified three dietary patterns: prudent, high-fat and light-meal patterns. The prudent dietary pattern characterised by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, seafoods and soya foods showed a nearly significant protective association with the overall risk of colorectal cancer (trend P = 0.054), and it was statistically significantly related to a decreased risk of distal colon cancer (trend P = 0.002), but not to that of either proximal colon or rectal cancer. The high-fat and light-meal dietary patterns were not materially related to the overall or site-specific risk of colorectal cancer. In summary, a prudent dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer, especially with that of distal colon cancer, in a fairly large case-control study in Japan.
The British journal of nutrition 12/2010; 104(11):1703-11. · 3.45 Impact Factor
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Amit Man Joshi,
Sanjeev Budhathoki,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami
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ABSTRACT: Tumor protein p53 gene and its negative regulator, murine double minute 2 homolog are important components for cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. An arginine-to-proline substitution at codon 72 in the p53 gene is reported to decrease apoptotic potential, while a thymine-to-guanine polymorphism at nucleotide 309, named SNP309, of murine double minute 2 gene increases transcription of the gene. These two polymorphisms therefore may be of importance in colorectal carcinogenesis. The relation of these polymorphisms to colorectal cancer risk was addressed in the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study.
We genotyped the two polymorphisms in 685 incident cases of colorectal cancer and 778 community controls by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Statistical adjustment was made for sex and age.
The proline allele of p53 gene and the guanine allele of SNP309 were each associated with a small, statistically non-significant increase in the odds ratio of colorectal cancer; the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for arginine/proline and proline/proline genotypes combined versus arginine/arginine genotype of p53 gene was 1.23 (0.99-1.52) and that for thymine/guanine and guanine/guanine genotypes combined versus thymine/thymine genotype of SNP309 was 1.27 (0.98-1.63). Individuals harboring the proline allele of p53 gene and the guanine allele of SNP309 showed an odds ratio of 1.67 (95% confidence interval, 1.11-2.51).
Codon 72 polymorphism of p53 and SNP309 in combination may confer an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 11/2010; 41(2):232-8. · 1.78 Impact Factor
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Sanjeev Budhathoki,
Amit Man Joshi,
Keizo Ohnaka,
Guang Yin,
Kengo Toyomura,
Suminori Kono,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: It has been suggested that soy food and isoflavone intake may be protective against the risk of colorectal cancer. However, epidemiologic evidence remains sparse and inconsistent. We addressed this issue in the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study.
The study subjects were the 816 incident cases of histologically confirmed colorectal cancer and 815 community controls. Intakes of soy foods and isoflavones were assessed by in-person interview using a computer-assisted dietary method. Logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of colorectal cancer with adjustment for dietary intakes of calcium and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as for body mass index, physical activity, alcohol use, and other lifestyle factors.
Energy-adjusted intakes of soy foods (dry weight) and isoflavones were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk in men and postmenopausal women, but not in premenopausal women. The multivariate-adjusted OR for the highest versus lowest quintile was 0.65 (95% CI 0.41-1.03, p for trend = 0.03) for soy foods and 0.68 (95% CI 0.42-1.10, p for trend = 0.051) for isoflavones in men. The corresponding values for postmenopausal women were 0.60 (95% CI 0.29-1.25, p for trend = 0.053) and 0.68 (95% CI 0.33-1.40, p for trend = 0.049). The site-specific analysis showed inverse associations of soy foods (p for trend = 0.007) and isoflavones (p for trend = 0.02) with rectal cancer in men.
The findings add to epidemiologic evidence for protective effects of soy foods and isoflavones in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 10/2010; 46(2):165-72. · 2.08 Impact Factor
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Kazuhiro Uchida,
Suminori Kono,
Guang Yin,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: Despite much evidence from laboratory work, epidemiological evidence remains elusive regarding the role of dietary fiber in colorectal carcinogenesis. We investigated associations of dietary fiber and source foods with colorectal cancer risk in the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, a community-based case-control study.
The study subjects were 816 incident cases of colorectal cancer and 815 community controls. Nutrient and food intakes were estimated on the basis of a computer-assisted interview regarding 148 dietary items. Odds ratios of colorectal cancer according to quintile categories of energy-adjusted intakes of dietary fiber and food groups were obtained with adjustment for non-dietary factors and dietary intakes of calcium and n-3 fatty acids.
Total, soluble and insoluble dietary fibers were not measurably associated with overall risk or subsite-specific risk of colorectal cancer. By contrast, rice consumption was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer (trend p = 0.03), particularly of distal colon and rectal cancer (trend p = 0.02), and high intake of non-rice cereals tended to be related to an increased risk of colon cancer (trend p = 0.07). There was no association between vegetable consumption and colorectal cancer, whereas individuals with the lowest intake of fruits tended to have an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
The present study did not corroborate a protective association between dietary fiber and colorectal cancer, but suggested a decreased risk of distal colorectal cancer associated with rice consumption.
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 10/2010; 45(10):1223-31. · 2.08 Impact Factor
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Hoirun Nisa,
Suminori Kono,
Guang Yin,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Reiji Terasaka
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ABSTRACT: It is uncertain whether smoking is related to colorectal cancer risk. Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) are important enzymes in the metabolism of tobacco carcinogens, and functional genetic polymorphisms are known for these enzymes. We investigated the relation of cigarette smoking and related genetic polymorphisms to colorectal cancer risk, with special reference to the interaction between smoking and genetic polymorphism.
We used data from the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, a population-based case-control study, including 685 cases and 778 controls who gave informed consent to genetic analysis. Interview was conducted to assess lifestyle factors, and DNA was extracted from buffy coat.
In comparison with lifelong nonsmokers, the odds ratios (OR) of colorectal cancer for <400, 400-799 and > or = 800 cigarette-years were 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.89), 1.16 (0.83-1.62) and 1.14 (0.73-1.77), respectively. A decreased risk associated with light smoking was observed only for colon cancer, and rectal cancer showed an increased risk among those with > or = 400 cigarette-years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.04-2.45). None of the polymorphisms under study was singly associated with colorectal cancer risk. Of the gene-gene interactions studied, the composite genotype of CYP1A1*2A or CYP1A1*2C and GSTT1 polymorphisms was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer, showing a nearly statistically significant (Pinteraction = 0.06) or significant interaction (Pinteraction = 0.02). The composite genotypes of these two polymorphisms, however, showed no measurable interaction with cigarette smoking in relation to colorectal cancer risk.
Cigarette smoking may be associated with increased risk of rectal cancer, but not of colon cancer. The observed interactions between CYP1A1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms warrant further confirmation.
BMC Cancer 01/2010; 10:274. · 3.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate whether laparoscopic splenectomy (Lap-Sp) contributes to the completion and curability of combined peginterferon and ribavirin (peg-IFN + RIB) therapy for cirrhotic patients with pancytopenia due to hypersplenism.
From December 2004 to September 2007, 21 patients underwent Lap-Sp before treatment with peg-IFN + RIB. All the patients were Child-Pugh class A or B with a mean platelet count of 5.7 x 10(4)/mm(3) and a mean leukocyte count of 2,830/mm(3). The hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype was 1b for 18 patients and 2b for 3 patients. Of the 21 patients, 17 had a viral load exceeding 100 KIU/ml, and 4 had a load of less than 100 KIU/ml.
All the patients underwent Lap-Sp without severe complications. The average hospital stay was 12.7 days (range, 6-23 days). Platelet counts increased from a mean of 5.7 +/- 2.2 x 10(4)/mm(3) preoperatively to 19.6 +/- 7.6 x 10(4)/mm(3) postoperatively and remained above 7.0 x 10(4)/mm(3) during the subsequent peg-IFN + RIB therapy. The full course of therapy was completed for nine patients, with five obtaining a sustained virologic response and one obtaining a biologic response. The five patients who obtained a sustained virologic response had either HCV type 2b or 1b with a low viral load (<100 KIU). At this writing, treatment is ongoing for the remaining 12 patients.
Laparoscopic splenectomy allows patients with HCV cirrhosis and hypersplenism to receive full-dose peg-IFN + RIB therapy. Patients with HCV, genotype 2 or 1b and a low viral load, and hypersplenism may be good candidates for Lap-Sp.
Surgical Endoscopy 08/2009; 24(3):680-5. · 4.01 Impact Factor
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Makiko Morita,
Loïc Le Marchand,
Suminori Kono,
Guang Yin,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in the metabolic activation of a wide variety of potential carcinogens, and functional polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene have been investigated in relation to colorectal cancer. We examined the relation of the CYP2E1 RsaI and 96-bp insertion polymorphisms to colorectal cancer risk and the interaction between these polymorphisms and some lifestyle risk factors. Subjects were 685 incident cases of colorectal cancer and 778 community controls. Statistical adjustment was made for alcohol use, body mass index, physical activity, and other factors. The RsaI c2 allele was associated with a decreased risk of rectal cancer [adjusted odds ratio for at least one c2 allele, 0.71; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.53-0.95], and an increased risk of rectal cancer was observed among individuals having one or two 96-bp insertion alleles (adjusted odds ratio, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06-1.85). Individuals with two 96-bp insertion alleles showed a 2.28-fold increase in colon cancer risk (95% CI, 1.29-4.01). The two polymorphisms were in almost complete linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.94). A positive association between alcohol intake and colorectal cancer was observed only in individuals without RsaI c2 allele (P(trend) = 0.03) or in those without 96-bp insertion allele (P(trend) = 0.009). Colon cancer risk was increased in relation to red meat intake only in individuals having one or two 96-bp insertion alleles (P(interaction) = 0.03). The present study suggests that variation in activity and inducibility of CYP2E1, in relation to alcohol or red meat intake, contributes to the development of colorectal cancer.
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 02/2009; 18(1):235-41. · 4.12 Impact Factor
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Tetsuya Mizoue,
Yasumi Kimura,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Suminori Kono,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: Epidemiologic evidence supporting a protective role of calcium and vitamin D in colorectal carcinogenesis has been accumulating in Western populations, but it is limited in Asian populations, whose intake of calcium is relatively low. We investigated the association of intakes of these nutrients with colorectal cancer risk in Japanese. Study subjects were participants of a large-scale case-control study in Fukuoka, Japan. Diet was assessed through interview regarding 148 dietary items by showing typical foods or dishes on the display of a personal computer. In a multivariate analysis adjusting for potential confounding variables, calcium intake was significantly, inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (P for trend=0.01); the odds ratio for the highest versus lowest quintile of calcium intake was 0.64 (95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.93). Higher levels of dietary vitamin D were significantly associated with decreased risk of colorectal cancer among those who had fewer chances of sunlight exposure at work or in leisure (P for trend=0.02). A decreased risk of colorectal cancer associated with high calcium intake was observed among those who had higher levels of vitamin D intake or among those who had a greater chance of daily sunlight exposure, but not among those with medium or lower intake of vitamin D or among those with potentially decreased sunlight exposure. These results add to support for a joint action of calcium and vitamin D in the prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis.
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 11/2008; 17(10):2800-7. · 4.12 Impact Factor
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Jun Nagano,
Suminori Kono,
Kengo Toyomura,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Guang Yin,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: Although personality factors, especially emotional suppression and loss-hopelessness, have been linked to the occurrence and progression of cancer, little is reported specifically on colorectal cancer. It has also been claimed that a 'hysterical' personality characterized by exaggerated emotional expressions, egocentricity and ambivalent connection may be protective from cancer. This community-based case-control study examined whether personality factors relevant to emotional suppression or loss-hopelessness are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, and whether factors related to the hysterical personality are associated with a decreased risk.
The stress inventory (SI), a self-administered questionnaire to assess the possible disease-prone and other relevant personalities in Japanese, was completed by 497 patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer and 809 controls randomly selected in the Fukuoka area of Japan.
After controlling for age, sex and residence using a logistic regression model, none of the SI scales relevant to emotional suppression ('unfulfilled needs for acceptance', 'altruism', 'rationalizing conflicts/frustrations') or loss-hopelessness ('low sense of control', 'object-dependence/loss', 'object-dependence/happiness') was related to colorectal cancer. On the other hand, two scales representing elements of the hysterical personality, 'object-dependence/ambivalence' and 'egoism' were protectively associated with risk. Additional adjustment for body-mass index and lifestyle factors did not materially change these associations.
Although personalities relevant to the emotional suppression or loss-hopelessness may not be a risk factor for colorectal cancer in the Japanese population, ambivalent connection and egocentricity may be protective.
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 09/2008; 38(8):553-61. · 1.78 Impact Factor
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Guang Yin,
Suminori Kono,
Kengo Toyomura,
Malcolm A Moore,
June Nagano,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase are key enzymes in alcohol metabolism and therefore may be of importance to colorectal cancer development. The present case-control study was conducted to determine the influence of ADH2, ADH3 and ALDH2 polymorphisms in Fukuoka, Japan, with 685 incident cases of histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinomas and 778 community controls selected randomly from the study area. Alcohol use was ascertained by in-person interview. Statistical adjustment was made for sex, age class, area, and alcohol use. Individuals with the allele 47Arg of the ADH2 polymorphism (slow metabolizers) had a statistically significant increase in risk, with an adjusted OR of 1.32 (95% CI = 1.07-1.63), compared with those having the ADH2*47His/His genotype. This association was not affected by the level of alcohol consumption. The ADH3 polymorphism showed no measurable association with the risk of colorectal cancer on either overall analysis or stratified analysis with alcohol use. The heterozygous ALDH2*487Glu/Lys genotype was not associated with an increase in the risk of colorectal cancer (adjusted OR 0.89, 95% CI = 0.71-1.13) compared with the ALDH2*487Glu/Glu genotype. Rather unexpectedly, the homozygous ALDH2*487Lys/Lys genotype was related to a statistically significantly decreased risk of colorectal cancer (adjusted OR 0.55, 95% CI = 0.33-0.93). It is unlikely that acetaldehyde metabolism determined by ALDH2 polymorphism contributes to the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas the role of ADH2 polymorphism deserves further investigation.
Cancer Science 09/2007; 98(8):1248-53. · 3.33 Impact Factor
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Daigo Yoshida,
Suminori Kono,
Malcolm A Moore,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: Colorectal adenomas are well-established precursor lesions for colorectal cancer and removal of polyps is deemed to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. However, benefit of colorectal polypectomy in routine practice is still uncertain. We therefore investigated subsite-specific risks of colorectal cancer in relation to history of colorectal polypectomy in a case-control study.
Both case patients and control subjects were residents aged 20-74 years in Fukuoka City and three adjacent areas. The case group comprised 840 patients undergoing surgery for a first diagnosis of colorectal cancer, while the control subjects were 833 residents who were selected in the community by two-stage random sampling. Past history of selected diseases, surgery and lifestyle factors were ascertained by in-person interview. Statistical adjustment was made for sex, 5-year age class, residence, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, body mass index and parental history of colorectal cancer.
Overall, 74 case patients (9%) and 85 control subjects (10%) reported a prior history of colorectal polyps, and 50 cases (6%) and 64 controls (8%) had a history of colorectal polypectomy. The adjusted odds ratio associated with colorectal polypectomy was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48-1.06) for the overall risk of colorectal cancer. The corresponding values for cancer of the proximal colon, distal colon, and rectum were 1.68 (95% CI 0.98-2.88), 0.71 (95% CI 0.41-1.26) and 0.24 (95% CI 0.11-0.52), respectively.
The findings indicate that colorectal polypectomy in current practice confers a decreased risk of rectal cancer and possibly of distal colon cancer.
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 09/2007; 37(8):597-602. · 1.78 Impact Factor
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Yasumi Kimura,
Suminori Kono,
Kengo Toyomura,
Jun Nagano,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Malcolm A Moore,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: High intake of red meat has been associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer in Western countries. There has been much interest in the role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in colorectal cancer prevention, but epidemiological findings are limited and inconsistent. The objective of our study was to examine associations of meat, fish and fat intake with risk of colorectal cancer, paying particular attention to the subsite within the colorectum. Data were from the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, a population-based case-control study, covering 782 cases and 793 controls. Diet was assessed by interview, using newly developed personal-computer software for registering semiquantitative food frequencies. The intake of beef/pork, processed meat, total fat, saturated fat or n-6 PUFA showed no clear association with the overall or subsite-specific risk of colorectal cancer. There was an almost significant inverse association between n-3 PUFA and the risk of colorectal cancer; the covariate-adjusted odds ratio for the highest (median 3.94 g/day) versus lowest (median 1.99 g/day) quintile of energy-adjusted intake was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.52-1.06, trend P=0.050). The consumption of fish and fish products was similarly inversely related to the risk although the association was not statistically significant. These associations were more evident for distal colon cancer; adjusted odds ratio for the highest versus lowest quintile of n-3 PUFA intake was 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.34-0.92, trend P=0.02). Our findings do not support the hypothesis that consumption of red meat increases colorectal cancer risk but do suggest that high intake of fish may decrease the risk, particularly of distal colon cancer.
Cancer Science 04/2007; 98(4):590-7. · 3.33 Impact Factor
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Kayoko Isomura,
Suminori Kono,
Malcolm A Moore,
Kengo Toyomura,
June Nagano,
Tetsuya Mizoue,
Ryuichi Mibu,
Masao Tanaka,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Yoshihiko Maehara,
Takeshi Okamura, Koji Ikejiri,
Kitaroh Futami,
Yohichi Yasunami,
Takafumi Maekawa,
Kenji Takenaka,
Hitoshi Ichimiya,
Nobutoshi Imaizumi
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ABSTRACT: The number of cases of colorectal cancer in Japan has increased over the past few decades, and incidence rates are now among the highest in the world. The present investigation within the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, including 778 cases and 767 controls aged 20-74 years, examined the association between physical activity and colorectal cancer risk by subsite. Employment-associated and leisure time physical activity was assessed by a questionnaire and interview. Division of sites into the proximal and distal colon, as well as the rectum, revealed clear site-dependent protective effects, with adjustment for smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI and age. In males, greater job-related physical activity was associated with significant reduction of risk in the distal colon and rectum (P = 0.047 and 0.02, respectively), whereas total and moderate or hard non-job physical activity exerted effects limited to the rectum (P = 0.01 and 0.004, respectively). In females, job-related physical activity and moderate or hard non-job physical activity was also protective, but only in the distal colon. Separate assessment of the influence of BMI 10 years previous to the study showed increase in risk with obesity in males but not in females, limited to distal colon and rectum. The results of the present study indicate that physical activity associated with work and leisure-time exerts beneficial effects in Japanese, but not on the proximal colon.
Cancer Science 11/2006; 97(10):1099-104. · 3.33 Impact Factor
