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ABSTRACT: We assessed the overall diet quality and adequacy of diet consumption of each component of the diet of adolescents according to demographic, socioeconomic and body mass index (BMI) data. A cross-sectional population-based study analyzed a representative sample of 409 adolescents, aged 12-19 years, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). We estimated the prevalence of diets classified in the first quartile of the HEI and the average scores of each component of the HEI. Linear and Poisson multiple regressions were used in the analysis. The mean score of HEI was 59.7. We observed a lower prevalence of inadequate diets in the segment with heads of household presenting higher schooling. The lower socioeconomic status segments, measured by income and schooling, showed a lower consumption of vegetables, fruits, dairy products and a less diversified diet, and a higher intake of cereals and legumes. Overweight/obese adolescents consume more meat and eggs and less fruit compared to low weight/normal weight adolescents. Girls had a higher intake of total fat and lower sodium intake. The results identified diet components that deserve more attention in the strategies to promote healthy eating, and the more vulnerable segments among adolescents.
Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 09/2012; 15(3):605-616.
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of self-reported hearing loss among elderly people in São Paulo, Brazil, according to socio-demographic characteristics and to identify associated factors. Data were from the São Paulo Health Survey (ISA-Capital 2003), and the subgroup of elderly (n = 872) was analyzed. The χ(2) test was used to verify the association between self-reported hearing loss and socio-demographic characteristics. The statistical analyses used Poisson regression. Prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in the elderly was 11.2%, and was higher in men (PR = 1.86; 95%CI: 1.19-2.92). There was an important lack of knowledge among the elderly regarding the causes of their hearing loss (42.5%). Among the sample, 25.5% reported difficulties in leisure-time activities and 11.4% needed help in routine activities, while 63.3% required no assistance due to their impairment. The high prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in the elderly, especially in men, highlights the importance of this public health problem. Population aging is a new reality, placing increasing demands on healthcare professionals and government.
Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública 07/2011; 27(7):1292-300. · 0.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of self-reported diabetes in the elderly, identifying associated factors, knowledge, and practices related to treatment options. This was a cross-sectional population-based study with stratified clustered two-stage sampling in six municipalities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Among the 1,949 elderly, 15.4% presented self-reported diabetes. Body mass index and exercising were statistically associated with diabetes. There was a significant difference between diabetics and non-diabetics in terms of self-rated health, hospitalization, self-reported illness in the previous two weeks, and report of the following diseases: hypertension, anemia, chronic kidney disease, and heart disease. In terms of per capita family income, there was no difference in regular medical visits, participation in discussion groups, and control practices. The findings show the need for behavior changes to prevent and control diabetes and its complications. Educational interventions are needed to expand the coverage of diabetes care.
Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública 01/2010; 26(1):175-84. · 0.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The objective was to determine the prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in four urban areas in São Paulo State, Brazil, and to describe the causes and socio-demographic variables. This was a population-based cross-sectional study with data on individuals 12 years or older living in the areas in 2001 and 2002. Participation included 5,250 subjects selected by two-stage probability sampling, stratified in clusters. Data analysis was exploratory, including bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Prevalence of hearing loss was 5.21%, and higher levels were associated with: age > 59 years (18.7%), illness in the 15 days prior to the interview (8.4%), common mental disorders (8.8%), and use of medication in the previous 3 days (8.4%). The study of factors associated with hearing loss can lead to health interventions for addressing that the population's real needs, mostly in primary care. More population-based studies on hearing are needed in Brazil, since there are few publications on the subject.
Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública 05/2009; 25(5):1123-31. · 0.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of disabilities according to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, as well as to determine the main causes. The research used data from two population-based health surveys in São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2002 and 2003, designed with complex sampling techniques. Interviewees that reported disabilities comprised the study sample, according to the database variables. Prevalence of any disability was 110.8; visual disability, 62; hearing disability, 44; and physical disability, 13.3. Prevalence rates for disabilities varied according to age, gender, and schooling. Prevalence of hearing and physical disability was higher among men. The principal cause of disabilities was the disease itself. External causes were also one of the causative factors in disabilities. Disabilities increased with age and were more prevalent among women and persons with less schooling, and the principal causes were diseases and injuries.
Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública 09/2008; 24(8):1773-82. · 0.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors associated with quality of diet in adults residing in Greater Metropolitan São Paulo, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in the district of Butantã and the municipalities of Itapecerica da Serra, Embu, and Taboão da Serra, based on data from a questionnaire and 24-hour recall from 1,840 adults, both males and females, included in a household health survey (ISA-SP). Dietary quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) adapted to the local reality. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between HEI and other variables. Most individuals (75%) ate diets that were rated as "need improvement". The mean HEI was low for fruit, vegetables, and dairy products. Number of durable goods, head-of-family's schooling, and age >or= 60 years were associated with HEI in men. For women, age was associated with HEI. Energy intake was considered an adjustment variable for both genders.
Cadernos de Saúde Pública 02/2008; 24(1):169-78. · 0.89 Impact Factor
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Jornal de Pediatria 83(6):575-6. · 1.01 Impact Factor
