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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The differential diagnosis between benign and malignant polyps of the gallbladder (GB) is often challenging. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS (CEH-EUS) might be an accurate method for discriminating malignant GB polyps from benign polyps. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS: Ninety-three patients with GB polyps larger than 10 mm in diameter that were detected by conventional EUS underwent CEH-EUS for evaluation of microvasculature. INTERVENTION: CEH-EUS was performed using a radial echoendoscope and the extended pure harmonic detection mode. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The abilities of conventional EUS and CEH-EUS to diagnose malignant polyp were compared. Two blinded reviewers classified the perfusion images into 3 categories: diffuse enhancement, perfusion defect, or nonenhancement. The vessel images were categorized as having a regular spotty vessel, an irregular vessel, or no vessels. RESULTS: An irregular vessel pattern determined by CEH-EUS aided in the diagnosis of malignant polyps with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.3% and 96.6%, respectively. The presence of perfusion defects, determined by CEH-EUS, was calculated to diagnose malignant polyps with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.3% and 94.9%, respectively. Based on the definitely determined diagnosis, sensitivity and specificity for CEH-EUS were 93.5% and 93.2% versus 90.0% and 91.1% for conventional EUS. In 8 cases, management changed after CEH-EUS. LIMITATIONS: A tertiary medical center with a limited number of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of irregular intratumoral vessels or perfusion defects seen on CEH-EUS may be sensitive and accurate predictors of malignant GB polyps. CEH-EUS offers slightly improved diagnostic accuracy compared with EUS.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy 04/2013; · 6.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background
It is essential to differentiate sclerosing cholangitis with autoimmune pancreatitis (SC-AIP) from primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) as the treatment and prognosis of the two diseases are totally different.PurposeTo compare image findings of SC-AIP and PSC on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC), magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Material and Methods
Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed ERC, MRC, CT, and MRI in 28 SC-AIP and 23 PSC patients in consensus. Factors evaluated included the length, location, and multiplicity of bile duct stricture, the presence of characteristic cholangiographic features of PSC on ERC and MRC, and the presence, location, thickness, and pattern of bile duct wall thickening on CT and MRI.ResultsOn ERC, focal stricture, multifocal and intrahepatic bile duct stricture, and beaded, pruned-tree, and diverticulum-like appearance were more frequent in PSC than in SC-AIP patients (P ≤ 0.006). On MRC, multifocal and intrahepatic bile duct stricture and pruned-tree appearance were more frequent in PSC than in SC-AIP patients (P ≤ 0.044). On CT and MRI, the bile duct wall was thicker (5.1 mm vs. 3.1 mm; P = 0.033 and 4.3 mm vs. 3.0 mm; P = 0.01, respectively) in SC-AIP than in PSC patients. PSC was more frequently associated with intrahepatic bile duct wall thickening on both CT (93% vs. 50%; P = 0.024) and MRI (100% vs. 50%; P = 0.023) than SC-AIP.Conclusion
The combination of ERC or MRC with cross-sectional images, including CT and MRI, may be helpful in differentiating between SC-AIP and PSC.
Acta Radiologica 03/2013; · 1.37 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) was introduced as an effective alternative to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage after failed ERCP. However, EUS-BD is technically challenging. The intraductal manipulation of the guidewire seems to be the most difficult stage of the procedure. Therefore, technical advances in guidewire manipulation may be required for EUS-BD. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate our treatment algorithm for guidewire manipulation protocol for EUS-BD after failed ERCP. DESIGN: Prospective, observational cohort study. SETTING: A tertiary-care academic center. PATIENTS: Forty-five consecutive patients undergoing EUS-BD failed ERCP. INTERVENTIONS: Enhanced guidewire manipulation protocol (with a plane parallel to the long axis of the bile duct with an EUS needle tip or a new 0.025-inch guidewire in an extrahepatic approach and intrahepatic bile duct puncture of segment 2 and 4F cannula with guidewire probing in the intrahepatic approach) for rendezvous and antegrade therapy, EUS-BD with transluminal stenting for duodenal invasion, and crossover to another technique if each technique failed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Technical and functional success rates and adverse event rate of the current treatment algorithm for EUS-BD. RESULTS: The overall technical and functional success rates of EUS-BD in this study were 91% (intention to treat, n = 41/45) and 95% (per protocol, n = 39/41), respectively. Specifically, rendezvous (n = 20) and antegrade therapy (n = 14) were initially feasible in 34 of 45 patients (76%). With our protocol, 25 of 45 patients (56%) were eventually treated with rendezvous and antegrade therapy as a first-line or crossover treatment. EUS-guided biliary drainage with transluminal stenting in patients with duodenal invasion or failed antegrade therapy was feasible in the remaining 20 patients (44%). The overall adverse event rate of EUS-BD was 11%. LIMITATIONS: Single-operator, nonrandomized study. CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective study, our treatment algorithm with an enhanced guidewire manipulation protocol appeared to be technically feasible and effective. Given the favorable success rate and acceptable adverse event rate, this may be considered the standard treatment algorithm for future randomized trials of EUS-BD and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy 03/2013; · 6.71 Impact Factor
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Sang Hyoung Park,
Donghoi Kim,
Byong Duk Ye,
Suk-Kyun Yang,
Ji-Hun Kim,
Dong-Hoon Yang,
Kee Wook Jung,
Kyung-Jo Kim,
Jeong-Sik Byeon,
Seung-Jae Myung, Myung-Hwan Kim,
Jin-Ho Kim
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ABSTRACT: GOALS:: To determine the prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) patients in a tertiary referral hospital and to compare the clinical and pathologic characteristics and outcomes of UC associated with AIP (AIP-UC) and UC patients. BACKGROUND:: Recently, it was suggested that UC is associated with AIP. However, the prevalence of UC in AIP, together with the clinical characteristics and outcomes of AIP-UC are not clear. STUDY:: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of AIP patients diagnosed at the Asan Medical Center. RESULTS:: Of the 104 patients with AIP, 6 (5.8%) were also diagnosed with UC. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG4 were elevated in 1 patient (16.7%), respectively, and 4 (66.7%) showed idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis (type 2 AIP). Compared with 24 matched patients with UC only, AIP-UC patients had a lower body mass index (P=0.003), higher C-reactive protein levels (P=0.048), and higher Mayo scores (P=0.006) at diagnosis of UC. Two AIP-UC patients (33.3%), but none with UC only showed increased infiltration of IgG4-positive cells into the colonic tissues (P=0.006). During follow-up, 2 AIP-UC patients (33.3%) underwent colectomy and 1 (16.7%) died, but no colectomies or deaths occurred in the UC only group. CONCLUSIONS:: AIP patients seem to have a higher risk of UC compared with the general population. The increased IgG4-positive cellular infiltration in the colonic tissue suggests that UC may be an extrapancreatic manifestation of AIP.
Journal of clinical gastroenterology 02/2013; · 2.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: One unresolved issue of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), which occurs in up to 40% of patients. Identification of risk factors for PEP is especially important in the field of ERCP practice because it may assist physicians in taking protective measures in situations with high risk. A decade ago, Freeman et al meticulously evaluated a large number of potentially relevant risk factors for PEP, which can be divided into patient-related and procedure-related issues. In this commentary, we summarize this classic article and reevaluate the risk factors for PEP from the current point of view. This is followed by assessment of strategies for prevention of PEP that can be divided into mechanical and pharmacologic methods.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 02/2013; 19(5):631-7. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Comparatively little is known about acute pancreatitis or acute recurrent pancreatitis (AP/ARP) with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) as the causative lesion although there have been many reports about the malignant potential of IPMN as a premalignant lesion. METHODS: From 2000 to 2008, in a single tertiary referral center, out of 784 patients coded by the International Classification of Disease-10 with IPMN, 489 patients fulfilled our diagnostic criteria of IPMN. After careful exclusion of all known causes of AP/ARP, 34 patients with IPMN as the cause of AP/ARP were enrolled. RESULTS: AP/ARP caused by IPMN occurred in 34 (7%) out of 488 patients with IPMN, and the prevalence rate of AP/ARP was higher in the main-duct/combined type than in the branch-duct type (14% [16/111] vs. 5% [18/378], respectively, P=0.002). The severity of pancreatitis was mild, based on the computed tomography severity index score (median 2, range 0-4). Histologic review of 24 patients with surgical resection revealed four adenomas (17%), 17 borderline malignancies (71%), two carcinomas in situ (8%), and one invasive carcinoma (4%). AP/ARP did not recur in any of the 24 surgically resected patients during the follow-up period (median 52 months, range 38-115 months). CONCLUSIONS: AP/ARP caused by IPMN was of infrequent occurrence. AP/ARP caused by IPMN occurred more frequently in the main-duct/combined type than in the branch-duct type. Most cases were mild in severity and benign in histopathology. AP/ARP can be an initial manifestation of IPMN, though uncommon, which leads to diagnosis.
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 01/2013; · 2.87 Impact Factor
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Phil A Hart,
Terumi Kamisawa,
William R Brugge,
Jae Bock Chung,
Emma L Culver,
László Czakó,
Luca Frulloni,
Vay Liang W Go,
Thomas M Gress, Myung-Hwan Kim, [......],
Kazuichi Okazaki,
Ji Kon Ryu,
Nicolas Schleinitz,
Kyoko Shimizu,
Tooru Shimosegawa,
Roy Soetikno,
George Webster,
Dhiraj Yadav,
Yoh Zen,
Suresh T Chari
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a treatable form of chronic pancreatitis that has been increasingly recognised over the last decade. We set out to better understand the current burden of AIP at several academic institutions diagnosed using the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria, and to describe long-term outcomes, including organs involved, treatments, relapse frequency and long-term sequelae. DESIGN: 23 institutions from 10 different countries participated in this multinational analysis. A total of 1064 patients meeting the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for type 1 (n=978) or type 2 (n=86) AIP were included. Data regarding treatments, relapses and sequelae were obtained. RESULTS: The majority of patients with type 1 (99%) and type 2 (92%) AIP who were treated with steroids went into clinical remission. Most patients with jaundice required biliary stent placement (71% of type 1 and 77% of type 2 AIP). Relapses were more common in patients with type 1 (31%) versus type 2 AIP (9%, p<0.001), especially those with IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (56% vs 26%, p<0.001). Relapses typically occurred in the pancreas or biliary tree. Retreatment with steroids remained effective at inducing remission with or without alternative treatment, such as azathioprine. Pancreatic duct stones and cancer were uncommon sequelae in type 1 AIP and did not occur in type 2 AIP during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: AIP is a global disease which uniformly displays a high response to steroid treatment and tendency to relapse in the pancreas and biliary tree. Potential long-term sequelae include pancreatic duct stones and malignancy, however they were uncommon during the study period and require additional follow-up. Additional studies investigating prevention and treatment of disease relapses are needed.
Gut 12/2012; · 10.11 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:: Identification of prognostic factors can help predict life expectancy and decide treatment plan. We evaluated prognostic factors in patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) after surgical resection. STUDY:: Data from 279 patients with GBC who underwent surgery between January 1999 and February 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS:: Of the 279 patients, 127 (45.5%) were male; median age was 63 years. R0 resection was achieved in 164 (58.8%) patients, 35 by cholecystectomy and 129 by extended resection. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed in 72 (25.8%) and 55 (19.7%) patients. At a median follow-up of 17.0 months, median overall survival (OS) was 26.0 months. Five-year survival rates for stages I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, and IVB GBC were 94.7%, 75.7%, 44.5%, 21.7%, 4.7%, and 2.6%, respectively. Compared with cholecystectomy, extended resection showed improved OS in all T stages, but statistical significance was observed only in T3 (P<0.001) and T4 (P=0.007). Although OS was similar in patients who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy, radiotherapy significantly improved OS in patients with positive resection margin (P=0.023). Low-grade histologic type (P=0.047) and clear resection margin (P=0.002) were significant predictors of increased OS, but epidemiological factors such as gallstones and anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union were not. CONCLUSIONS:: In patients with GBC after surgical resection, TNM stage was the most important prognostic factor. Prognosis was also associated with extent of resection, histologic differentiation, and involvement of resection margin. In patients with positive resection margin, radiotherapy seems to prolong OS.
Journal of clinical gastroenterology 11/2012; · 2.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To date there is no systematical report about blunt pancreatic injury focused on hemodynamically stable patients. This study reports on our experience in this rare subgroup at a tertiary referral hospital. METHODS: A total of 58 adult patients were identified during a 10-year period and their clinical data were analyzed. Injury to the main pancreatic duct (MPD) was basically confirmed by pancreatography or surgical findings. RESULTS: MPD disruption was confirmed in 36 patients (62%) and was more frequent in the pancreatic neck and body. The median time from trauma to confirmation was 14 days [interquartile range (IQR) 3-23 days] including time from admission to confirmation of 10.5 days [IQR 3-20 days]. Patients with MPD injury showed higher injury severity score, more frequent pancreas-specific complications and longer hospital stays. The sensitivity and specificity of initial computed tomography (CT) for MPD injury were 63.9% (23/36) and 81.8% (18/22), respectively. The mortality rate was 7%, and all deaths were directly attributed to pancreatic injury. Complications occurred in 22 patients (37%) and 17 developed during hospitalization. Time from trauma to confirmation of MPD disruption (odds ratio 1.132; 95% confidence interval 1.021-1.255, P=0.019) was the only independent factor associated with unfavorable events among patients with high-grade injury. CONCLUSIONS: MPD injury was not infrequent in hemodynamically stable patients. Physicians were more responsible for the delay in diagnosis of MPD disruption, which was primarily associated with adverse outcomes. A rapid, multidisciplinary approach may lead to better outcomes in hemodynamically stable patients with blunt pancreatic injury.
Pancreatology 11/2012; 12(6):487-492. · 1.99 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) could be used as an adjunct and effective alternative mode of treatment for unresectable locally advanced and nonmetastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, its translation into clinical practice has been restricted because of limited data and high procedure-related risk.
To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of EUS-RFA in the normal porcine pancreas.
Prospective, endoscopic, experimental study in a porcine model.
Tertiary-care referral center animal laboratory.
Animal study.
EUS-RFA of the pancreas was attempted on 10 adult mini pigs. An 18-gauge endoscopic RFA electrode was used to puncture the body and tail of the pancreas, with an output power of 50 W for 5 minutes.
The feasibility, efficacy, and safety of EUS-RFA.
A spherical necrotic lesion surrounded by fibrous tissue localized in the pancreatic parenchyma was observed on histopathologic examination. The mean diameter of the ablated tissue was 23.0 ± 6.9 mm. No major procedure-related complications were noted, and all pigs survived without any distress behavioral pattern for 7 days until autopsy.
Small sample size with short-term observation and the lack of evaluation of the head of the pancreas.
EUS-RFA of the pancreatic body and tail was feasible, effective, and relatively safe in a porcine model. More animal studies to assess damage to adjacent organs are required before human trials can be conducted.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy 11/2012; 76(5):1039-43. · 6.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although several groups have demonstrated the usefulness of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), there is still concern about frequent serious adverse events. We performed this study to determine the technical feasibility and safety of pure NOTES with a transgastric approach in a porcine model from the endoscopist's point of view.
Diagnostic peritoneoscopy, liver biopsy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and Fallopian tube ligation with a transgastric approach using a two-channel therapeutic endoscope were performed in 10 healthy female minipigs. These procedures were performed in two acute models and eight survival models in consecutive order.
The technical success rate was 100% for peritoneoscopy (10/10), liver biopsy (5/5), salpingo-oophorectomy (10/10), and Fallopian tube ligation (10/10). Eight cases of adverse events occurred, including one case of splenic injury, one case of bleeding after liver biopsy, two cases of small bowel adhesion after salpingo-oophorectomy, two cases of hematoma at the salphingo-oophorectomy site, and two cases of partial dehiscence at the gastric closure site. The gastric puncture site was closed with seven to eight hemoclips in four cases and two hemoclips and an endoloop in four cases.
The use of pure NOTES for peritoneoscopy, liver biopsy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and Fallopian tube ligation may be technically feasible, but considerable adverse events can occur during or after the procedure. Further studies utilizing specialized techniques overcome several limitations of pure NOTES are therefore necessary.
Gut and liver 10/2012; 6(4):457-63. · 0.83 Impact Factor
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Gastrointestinal endoscopy 09/2012; 76(3):645-56. · 6.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the long-term outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) with a fully covered self-expandable metallic stent (FCSEMS).
From April 2009 to August 2010, 15 patients with distal malignant biliary obstructions who were candidates for alternative techniques for biliary decompression due to a failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were included. These 15 patients consisted of 8 men and 7 women and had a median age of 61 years (range: 30-91 years). The underlying causes of the distal malignant biliary obstruction were pancreatic cancer (n = 9), ampulla of Vater cancer (n = 2), renal cell carcinoma (n = 1), advanced gastric cancer (n = 1), lymphoma (n = 1), and duodenal cancer (n = 1).
The technical success rate of EUS-CDS with an FCSEMS was 86.7% (13/15), and functional success was achieved in 100% (13/13) of those cases. In two patients, the EUS-CDS failed because an FCSEMS with a delivery device could not be passed into the common bile duct. The mean duration of stent patency was 264 d. Early adverse events developed in three patients (3/13, 23.1%), including self-limited pneumoperitoneum in two patients and cholangitis requiring stent reposition in one patient. During the follow-up period (median: 186 d, range: 52-388 d), distal stent migration occurred in four patients (4/13, 30.8%). In 3 patients, the FCSEMS could be reinserted through the existing choledochoduodenal fistula tract.
EUS-CDS with an FCSEMS is technically feasible and can lead to effective palliation of distal malignant biliary obstructions after failed ERCP.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 08/2012; 18(32):4435-40. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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Jae-Lyun Lee,
Song Cheol Kim,
Ji-Hoon Kim,
Sang Soo Lee,
Tae-Won Kim,
Do Hyun Park,
Dong Wan Seo,
Sung Koo Lee, Myung-Hwan Kim,
Jong Hoon Kim,
Jin-Hong Park,
Sang Hyun Shin,
Duck Jong Han
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ABSTRACT: To determine the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant gemcitabine/capecitabine followed by surgery for the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC).
Patients with histologically confirmed LAPC were given 3-6 cycles of fixed-dose rate gemcitabine/capecitabine every 3 weeks. At the end of chemotherapy, patients were restaged and underwent surgery if the disease was not classified as unresectable. Our institutional criteria were used to classify respectability, which was recategorized on the basis of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria retroactively. The primary end point was rate of microscopic curative resection.
Forty-three eligible patients (18 with borderline resectable disease and 25 with unresectable disease on the basis of NCCN criteria) were enrolled. The radiologic response rate was 18.6%. Grade three or worse adverse events were mainly hand-foot syndrome (11%), and there were no grade four adverse events. Surgery was performed in 17 patients (39.5%); pathologic curative resection (R0) was achieved in 14 patients (32.5%) among total 43 patients, and 82.3% (14/17) among the 17 resected patients. With 43-month follow-up, the median overall was 16.6 months with a median progression-free survival of 10.0 months. Median overall survival was 23.1 months in patients who underwent surgery and 13.2 months in patients who could not complete the surgery (P = .017).
A subset of patients with borderline or unresectable pancreatic cancer could be performed curative tumor resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Some patients might be benefit on survival from neoadjuvant chemotherapy after surgical resection.
Surgery 06/2012; 152(5):851-62. · 3.10 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To compare findings at dynamic computed tomography (CT), endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in patients with sclerosing cholangitis with autoimmune pancreatitis (SC-AIP) and periductal infiltrating cancer in the common bile duct (CBD), and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ERC and MRC in differentiating between the two diseases.
Bile duct changes at dynamic CT, ERC and MRC were compared in 58 patients with SC-AIP and CBD involvement and 93 patients with periductal infiltrating CBD cancer. Two radiologists rated their confidence in differentiating between the two diseases and the diagnostic performances of ERC and MRC were compared.
At CT, SC-AIP was more frequently associated with intrapancreatic CBD involvement, thinner CBD walls, concentric wall thickening, smooth outer margins, and lower degrees of upstream ductal dilatation and contrast enhancement (P ≤ 0.05) than CBD cancer. At ERC and MRC, SC-AIP was more frequently associated with smooth margins, gradual and symmetric narrowing, multifocal involvement and hourglass appearance (P ≤ 0.027) than CBD cancer. MRC showed good diagnostic performance comparable to ERC.
Dynamic CT, ERC and MRC can be helpful in distinguishing SC-AIP from periductal infiltrating CBD cancer. MRC may be a useful diagnostic alternative to ERC in differentiating between the two diseases. KEY POINTS : • SC-AIP often mimics periductal infiltrating ductal cancer. • Imaging findings of SC-AIP and periductal infiltrating CBD cancer can be similar. • Dynamic CT, ERC and MRC help differentiate between these two diseases. • MRC may be a useful diagnostic alternative to ERC.
European Radiology 06/2012; 22(11):2502-13. · 3.22 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a well-established diagnostic technique for examining various organs of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, but little is known about its use in the diagnostic work-up of GB lesions. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of EUS-FNA of GB lesions. Methodology: Twenty-eight patients who underwent EUS-FNA for evaluation of GB lesions were enrolled. The pathological results and complications were assessed. Results: EUS-FNA of GB was performed in 13 patients and that of enlarged lymph nodes was done in 18. Of the 13 GB lesions sampled by EUS-FNA, 10 were diagnosed as malignant and 3 were negative for malignant cells. Of the latter 3, two were false negatives for malignancy. All 14 metastatic lymphadenopathy cases were diagnosed with EUS-FNA of lymph nodes. EUS-FNA could differentiate adenocarcinomas and other malignant diseases. Cholecystitis occurred in one patient after EUS-FNA of the GB. Conclusions: EUS-FNA is a feasible, safe and reliable method for obtaining samples from GB lesions. EUS-FNA of lymph nodes is complementary to EUS-FNA of the GB and provides nodal stage as well as histological diagnosis.
Hepato-gastroenterology 05/2012; 59(118). · 0.66 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Abstract Background. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a combination of S-1 and cisplatin (SP) versus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GP) as first-line therapy for advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma (ABTA). Material and methods. Patients were randomized to receive cisplatin (60 mg/m(2) intravenously [IV] on Day 1) plus S-1 (40 mg/m(2) bid orally on Days 1-14) or gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2) IV at 10 mg/m(2)/min on Days 1 and 8) every three weeks. The primary end point was six-month progression-free survival (PFS). Results. Of 96 eligible patients, 49 were randomized to GP and 47 to SP. At a median follow-up time of 14.2 months, the six-month PFS rates were 43.8% and 34.7%, respectively [unadjusted HR (GP/SP) =0.85, 95% CI 0.52-1.36]. The median OS values in the GP and SP groups were 10.1 months and 9.9 months, respectively [unadjusted HR (GP/SP) =0.72, 95% CI 0.45-1.17]. Grade 3-4 toxicities in the GP and SP groups included neutropenia (49.0% vs. 31.8%), anemia (22.4% vs. 2.3%), thrombocytopenia (22.4% vs. 4.5%), and asthenia (4.1% vs. 2.1%). Conclusion. Both GP and SP has comparable efficacy with favorable safety profile as first-line treatment for ABTA. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT 01375972).
Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) 05/2012; 51(7):860-6. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) is an alternative to percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) for patients with acute, high-risk, or advanced-stage cholecystitis who do not respond to initial medical treatment and cannot undergo emergency cholecystectomy. However, the technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of EUS-GBD and PTGBD have not been compared.
Fifty-nine patients with acute cholecystitis, who did not respond to initial medical treatment and were unsuitable for an emergency cholecystectomy, were chosen randomly to undergo EUS-GBD (n = 30) or PTGBD (n = 29). The technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of EUS-GBD and PTGBD were compared.
EUS-GBD and PTGBD showed similar technical (97% [29 of 30] vs 97% [28 of 29]; 95% 1-sided confidence interval lower limit, -7%; P = .001 for noninferiority margin of 15%) and clinical (100% [29 of 29] vs 96% [27 of 28]; 95% 1-sided confidence interval lower limit, -2%; P = .0001 for noninferiority margin of 15%) success rates, and similar rates of complications (7% [2 of 30] vs 3% [1 of 29]; P = .492 in the Fisher exact test) and conversions to open cholecystectomy (9% [2 of 23] vs 12% [3 of 26]; P = .999 in the Fisher exact test). The median post-procedure pain score was significantly lower after EUS-GBD than after PTGBD (1 vs 5; P < .001 in the Mann-Whitney U test).
EUS-GBD is comparable with PTGBD in terms of the technical feasibility and efficacy; there were no statistical differences in the safety. EUS-GBD is a good alternative for high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis who cannot undergo an emergency cholecystectomy.
Gastroenterology 01/2012; 142(4):805-11. · 11.68 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the choice for performance of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) could be tailored to findings on computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). METHODS: Eighty-four AIP patients and 73 pathology-proven pancreatic cancer patients from a prospectively maintained database were retrospectively included. Computed tomography and ERP images were reviewed in consensus by 2 blinded radiologists. The diagnostic performance of CT alone and combined use of CT and ERP (CT-ERP) were compared. RESULTS: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CT-ERP was significantly greater than that of CT alone (0.97 vs 0.87, P < 0.001). When patients with AIP were divided into 2 subgroups according to CT features (typical vs atypical), 24 (69%) of 35 AIP patients with atypical CT findings were correctly diagnosed with AIP at CT-ERP and received benefits from additional ERP. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography had little added benefit in patients with typical CT findings for AIP (n = 49), because no alternative diagnoses were established after ERP. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with suspected AIP, the decision to perform ERP could be tailored to findings on CT.
Pancreas 01/2012; · 2.39 Impact Factor
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Ki Byung Song,
Song Cheol Kim,
Jae Berm Park,
Young Hoon Kim,
Young Soo Jung, Myung-Hwan Kim,
Sung-Koo Lee,
Sang Soo Lee,
Dong-Wan Seo,
Do Hyun Park,
Ji Hun Kim,
Duck Jong Han
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ABSTRACT: Pancreatic arteriovenous malformation (P-AVM) is an extremely rare condition that can be accompanied by fatal complications. We have attempted to identify the possible management guidelines based on our and others' clinical experience.
We retrospectively analyzed our findings including clinical characteristics, imaging modalities, and treatment in 12 patients. Sporadic reports of 69 patients with P-AVM were surveyed for representative characteristics and treatment strategy.
The mean age at diagnosis was 49.8 years (range, 44-64 years), and all 12 were male. The mean body mass index was 21.5 kg/m (range, 18.3-24.3 kg/m) and 6 (50%) were heavy smokers (mean, 30.9 pack-years; range, 7.5-120 pack-years). The most common clinical symptom is gastrointestinal bleeding, followed by abdominal pain. All patients were diagnosed with abdominal disease using computed tomography. Of the 12 patients, 11 underwent pancreatic resection and 1 patient was managed conservatively. No patient experienced any major postoperative complications during the median follow-up of 37 months.
In patients with symptomatic P-AVM, surgical resection of the affected pancreas showed a successful result. When a patient is at a high risk for surgical treatment, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, transarterial embolization, and radiation therapy might be other treatment options.
Pancreas 11/2011; 41(3):388-96. · 2.39 Impact Factor
