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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate bone response to bioactive fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) implants under two polymerization conditions. Glass-fiber-dimethacrylate composite was tested as prepolymerized cylinder-shaped FRC implants and as cylindrical FRC implants polymerized in situ with blue light transmitted and scattered by the glass fibers. Ten FRC implants (6 prepolymerized and 4 in situ-polymerized implants) were placed in the right tibias of 3 pigs by means of a press-fit technique. After 12 weeks, light microscopy revealed only mild foreign-body reaction, with no accumulation of inflammatory cells on both the prepolymerized and the in situ-polymerized implants. The prepolymerized implants appeared to be fully integrated, whereas the in situ-polymerized implants were almost completely surrounded by a fibrous capsule. The present study suggests that in situ polymerization of FRC implants results in fibrous capsule formation and prevents integration with bone.
Journal of dental research 11/2010; 90(2):263-7. · 3.46 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate growth and attachment of human gingival fibroblasts on nonresorbable sol-gel-derived nanoporous titania (TiO2) coated discs and noncoated commercially pure titania (cpTi) discs in vitro. The strength of attachment was evaluated using serial trypsinization. The number of cells detached from TiO2-substrates was 30% +/- 3%, whereas those detached from the cpTi was 58% +/- 4% indicating a stronger cell attachment on the coated surfaces. In scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images fewer cells, with more rounded shape, were seen with cpTi than with TiO2 after the detachment assay. Fibroblasts grew more efficiently on TiO2 than on cpTi substrates, showing significantly higher cell activities at all times. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a continuous layer of two to three cells thick covered the coated and noncoated discs after 7 days of culture. The plasma membrane of cells in contact with the coating was in close opposition and the cytoplasm was ultrastructurally similar to the cells grown on noncoated discs with well-preserved organelles. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the sol-gel-derived TiO2 coatings can facilitate cell growth and attachment of human gingival fibroblasts on titanium in vitro. This in vitro study is in line with our previous in vivo observations of improved soft tissue attachment of TiO2 coatings in comparison with cpTi.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 10/2010; 95(1):269-75. · 2.63 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aims of this study were to evaluate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and the osteoconductive capacity of bioactive fiber-reinforced composite implant (FRC) in vivo.
Threaded sand-blasted FRC implants and threaded FRC implants with bioactive glass (BAG) were fabricated for the study. Titanium implants were used as a reference. Eighteen implants (diameter 4.1 mm, length 10 mm) were implanted in the tibia of six pigs using the press-fit technique. The animals were sacrificed after 4 and 12 weeks. Histomorphometric and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analyses were performed to characterize BIC.
In general, the highest values of BIC were measured in FRC-BAG implants, followed by FRC and Ti implants. At 4 weeks, the BIC was 33% for threaded FRC-BAG, 27% for FRC and 19% for Ti. At 12 weeks, BIC was 47% for threaded FRC-BAG, 40% for FRC and 42% for Ti. Four weeks after implantation, all the implants appeared biologically fixed by a newly formed woven bone arranged in the thin bone trabeculae filling the gap between the implant and the bone of the recipient site. Twelve weeks after implantation, the thickness of the woven bone trabeculae had increased, especially around the FRC-BAG implants.
Our results suggest that the FRC implant is biocompatible in bone. The biological behavior of FRC was comparable to that of Ti after 4 and 12 weeks of implantation. Furthermore, the addition of BAG to the FRC implant increased peri-implant osteogenesis and bone maturation.
Clinical Oral Implants Research 07/2009; 20(6):608-15. · 2.51 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study was designed to examine the attachment and reactions of soft tissues to sol-gel-derived TiO2 coatings. In the first experiment, TiO2 coated and uncoated titanium cylinders were placed subcutaneously into the backs of rats for 3, 11 and 90 days. Tissue response and implant surfaces were characterized with routine light microscopy and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. In the second experiment, TiO2-coated and uncoated discs were implanted subcutaneously into the backs of rats for 14 and 21 days. The discs were pulled out from the implantation sites with a mechanical testing device using a constant speed of 5 mm/min. Rupture force was registered, after which the discs were assigned for SEM and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis. All the coated implants showed immediate contact with the surrounding soft tissues without a clear connective tissue capsule. Significantly better soft tissue response was measured for all the coated compared to the uncoated cylinders (p<0.01). Higher rupture forces were measured for all coated discs, although the differences were not statistically significant. An immediate and tight connection between connective tissue fibroblasts and coatings was noticed in TEM analysis. Our study indicates that TiO2 coatings improve soft tissue attachment on a titanium surface.
Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine 04/2008; 19(3):1283-90. · 2.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A series of elastic polymer and composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications were designed. Two crosslinked copolymer matrices with 90/10 and 30/70 mol % of epsilon-caprolactone (CL) and D,L-lactide (DLLA) were prepared with porosities from 45 to 85 vol % and their mechanical and degradation properties were tested. Corresponding composite scaffolds with 20-50 wt % of particulate bioactive glass (BAG) were also characterized. Compressive modulus of polymer scaffolds ranged from 190+/-10 to 900+/-90 kPa. Lactide rich scaffolds absorbed up to 290 wt % of water in 4 weeks and mainly lost their mechanical properties. Caprolactone rich scaffolds absorbed no more than 110 wt % of water in 12 weeks and kept their mechanical integrity. Polymer and composite scaffolds prepared with P(CL/DLLA 90/10) matrix and 60 vol % porosity were further analyzed in simulated body fluid and in osteoblast culture. Cell growth was compromised inside the 2 mm thick three-dimensional scaffold specimens as a static culture model was used. However, composite scaffolds with BAG showed increased osteoblast adhesion and mineralization when compared to neat polymer scaffolds.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 06/2006; 77(2):261-8. · 2.63 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study aimed to examine the possible association between level of education and 5-year caries increment in the elderly inhabitants of Helsinki.
Low salivary flow and high numbers of salivary microorganisms are associated with the presence of caries, but cannot predict the increment in caries in the elderly.
This study group was derived from a population-based Helsinki Aging Study, which consisted of a random sample of elderly born in 1904, 1909 and 1914. The 71 dentate elderly who underwent clinical oral examinations at baseline (1990-91) and 5 years later (1995-96) were included in the study group. Decayed, Missing or Filled Tooth (DMFT) and Root Caries Index (RCI) indexes were used to study subjects' caries experience. Data on subjects' education came from questionnaire studies. The subjects were divided into four groups according to their level of education and occupation. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate relationships between subjects' caries experience and level of education.
At baseline the elderly with high level of education had more teeth and more root surfaces at risk than those with low level of education. Number of teeth decreased (-1.085, p < 0.0001), while both DMFT (1.164, p < 0.0001) and RCI (0.081, p < 0.0001) indices increased during follow-up. The increments in DMFT and RCI were not directly associated with the level of education. Multivariate analysis in which subjects' gender, number of teeth, level of education, frequency of eating and frequency of brushing were taken into consideration, showed no significant association with caries increment.
Within the limitations of this study it can be concluded that the level of education of the elderly is not directly associated with the increment in caries.
Gerodontology 10/2005; 22(3):130-6. · 1.03 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In 1990, 364 elderly (76-86 years) inhabitants of Helsinki, Finland, attended a dental and oral examination study that was conducted as part of the Helsinki Aging Study. In spring 1996, these subjects were recalled for a 5-year follow-up. Between the baseline and follow-up examinations, 114 (31%) subjects had deceased (86 women and 28 men), whereas 134 had either moved, were too ill, or refused to participate in the follow-up. Follow-up examination was conducted for 113 subjects (79 women and 34 men), with the participating rate being 46%. Five subjects became edentulous during the follow-up. Of the subjects, 61% had 1-32 teeth at follow-up. In these subjects, the mean number of teeth decreased from 14.9 (+/-8.3) to 13.5 (+/-8.6) (P < 0.0001). Prosthetic status changed in 40% of the elderly dentate people: 25% received new prostheses whereas 15% lost prostheses that were not replaced. New fixed partial dentures were made in five maxillae and in nine mandibles during the follow-up. Acrylic removable partial dentures (ARPD) were most frequently used: 35% of dentate subjects had an ARPD. Subjects with removable prostheses had higher levels of salivary microbes and higher root caries incidence than those with natural teeth. Furthermore, the presence of removable prostheses at baseline, together with the male gender, was clearly associated with tooth loss during follow-up. This study indicates that fixed rather than removable prostheses should be used in elderly patients. The need for a removable denture ought to be carefully considered.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 07/2004; 31(7):647-52. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this practice-based study was to compare the clinical performance of a new universal composite resin material (Z250) used for Class III and V cavities in anterior teeth. Restorative materials (Z250 and Z100; 3 M ESPE) placed by six operators were used for a total of 150 restorations during the 6-month enrollment period. After 1 year, 141 restorations (76 Z250 and 66 Z100) were available and evaluated for overall quality, color match, marginal adaptation, surface appearance and the presence of secondary caries, using modified USPHS criteria. The overall quality was excellent for both materials and no significant changes were noted during the follow-up. None of the scores between the two materials were statistically significant. Major changes were seen in color match and surface appearance. At baseline, the color match of 71% of Z250 and 62% of Z100 was rated as Alfa, after 1 year the figures were 60 and 65%. Regarding surface appearance, 97% of the Z250 were rated Alfa at baseline, whereas at 1 year the figure was 76%. For Z100, the scores were 94 and 79%, respectively. After 1 year, the clinical performance of Z250 restorative composite resin was clinically acceptable and similar to that of Z100.
Clinical Oral Investigations 01/2004; 7(4):241-3. · 2.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this practice-based study was to compare the clinical performance of a new universal composite resin material (Z250) used for Class III and V cavities in anterior teeth. Restorative materials (Z250 and Z100; 3M ESPE) placed by six operators were used for a total of 150 restorations during the 6-month enrollment period. After 1year, 141 restorations (76 Z250 and 66 Z100) were available and evaluated for overall quality, color match, marginal adaptation, surface appearance and the presence of secondary caries, using modified USPHS criteria. The overall quality was excellent for both materials and no significant changes were noted during the follow-up. None of the scores between the two materials were statistically significant. Major changes were seen in color match and surface appearance. At baseline, the color match of 71% of Z250 and 62% of Z100 was rated as Alfa, after 1year the figures were 60 and 65%. Regarding surface appearance, 97% of the Z250 were rated Alfa at baseline, whereas at 1year the figure was 76%. For Z100, the scores were 94 and 79%, respectively. After 1year, the clinical performance of Z250 restorative composite resin was clinically acceptable and similar to that of Z100.
Clinical Oral Investigations 11/2003; 7(4):241-243. · 2.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between C-reactive protein (CRP) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Elevated CRP levels have been observed both in dentate individuals with chronic dental infections like periodontal disease and in those edentulous. The mechanisms behind these observations, especially the reasons for the elevation of CRP in the edentulous, are poorly understood. The comparative data on the importance of these inflammatory conditions in the oral cavity as causes of elevated CRP levels and CVD risk factors are also limited.
To determine if edentulism is associated with increased levels of CRP and investigate the possible mechanism for this association; and to study the influence of periodontal disease and edentulism on 10-year mortality.
Of the 364 subjects aged 76, 81, and 86 years in 1990, 196 were dentate and 168 edentulous. By December 1999, 179 had died, almost half (n = 87) of them due to cardiovascular disease.
Significantly more of the edentulous subjects had elevated (> or = 3 mg/L) CRP levels as compared to those with at least 20 teeth (p < 0.01). They also had high salivary microbial counts (p < 0.05), and more mucosal lesions (p < 0.0001) than those with at least 20 teeth. In multivariate analysis, high microbial counts (OR 2.3, CI 1.06-5.05) and mucosal lesions (OR 2.18, CI 1.03-4.61) were significantly associated with elevated CRP levels. The risk for all-cause mortality was non-significantly elevated among the edentulous (RR 1.48, CI 0.95-2.31) and dentate with periodontal disease (RR 1.58, CI 0.96-2.61). CVD mortality was significantly higher among the dentate with periodontal disease (RR 1.97, CI 1.01-3.85) when compared with dentate without periodontal disease.
Among the edentulous, chronic infections like denture-related mucosal lesions are important determinants of elevated CRP, comparable to periodontal disease in the dentate. Elevated CRP per se and edentulism were not significantly associated with increased mortality. Periodontal disease was, however, still associated with a two-fold CVD mortality in this very old population.
Gerodontology 07/2003; 20(1):32-40. · 1.03 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: It has been suggested that risk for severe resorption in the anterior maxilla is increased in persons wearing mandibular implant-retained overdentures. However, little information is available about the changes in the edentulous maxilla after mandibular implant treatment.
This study determined the possible changes in the width of the maxillary residual ridge 6 years after receiving mandibular implant-supported or implant-mucosa-supported overdentures and evaluated the association between the anatomic changes and subjective complaints with maxillary complete dentures.
The subjects for this study (n = 55), enrolled among the participants of a prospective clinical trial, were randomly assigned into 3 groups treated with: (a) implant-supported overdentures on a transmandibular implant system (n = 21); (b) implant-mucosa-supported overdentures on 2 IMZ implants (n = 20); or (c) conventional complete dentures (n = 14). A lingual contact occlusion concept with anterior open bite was used for tooth arrangement in all subjects. Diagnostic casts were made at baseline, and again at the 6-year follow-up. Most prominent points perpendicular to the crest of residual ridge were located in the incisor, canine, and premolar regions, after which the width of the ridge was recorded at these points with a Boley gage. Subjects' opinions on their dentures were evaluated with a questionnaire.
Significant reduction in the width of the ridge was found in all measurement areas (mean difference = 0.4 to 0.6 mm; P <.0001). However, changes were small and not associated with the type of prosthetic restoration in the mandible. In subjects with implant-mucosa-supported overdentures, complaint of loose maxillary denture correlated with the decrement of residual ridge width.
The width of residual ridge decreases with time, despite the type of mandibular prosthetic restoration.
Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 07/2000; 84(1):43-9. · 1.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In the oldest elderly, an increase in the number of remaining teeth may increase oral infection foci. The aim of this follow-up study was to examine the radiologically detected oral health condition of a group of home-living elderly in Helsinki at 5-year intervals. The population of this study comprised 103 home-living elderly people, all participants of the population-based Helsinki Aging Study. Panoramic radiography supplemented by intraoral radiographs was performed on all these participants at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, in 1990-1991. Follow-up radiographic examination was completed in 1995-1996. Mean number of teeth decreased during the follow-up period from 13.2 +/- 9.0 to 12.5 +/- 9.2 (P= 0.0001). Mean number of teeth with periapical lesions decreased in men from 1.3 +/- 1.4 to 0.6 +/- 0.9 (P = 0.007), but no differences in number of teeth with periapical findings were observed in women. There were relatively few changes in the subjects' radiographic periodontal findings. However, fewer teeth with vertical bone pockets >1-3 mm deep were found in the follow-up study than 5 years earlier (0.6 +/- 1.2 vs 1.1 +/- 1.8; P= 0.0008). In both the baseline and the follow-up studies the radiographic findings occurred in the subjects who had retained more natural teeth. In the follow-up study, 68% of the subjects had radiographically detected signs of chronic oral infection foci. It may be concluded that radiographically detected oral health parameters remain relatively unchanged, but treatment need is higher among those who have successfully retained their natural dentition into old age.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 06/2000; 58(3):119-24. · 1.07 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: High scores of chair-side salivary microbial tests have been found to be related to an increased prevalence and incidence of coronal and root caries. Many elderly face an increased risk of the growth of oral microbes, and previous studies have reported high salivary microbial counts in elderly populations. The aim of this follow-up study was to compare, at five-year intervals, stimulated salivary flow rates with the numbers of selected salivary micro-organisms (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and yeasts) in a group of home-dwelling elderly in Helsinki. A further aim was to study the influence of baseline microbial counts on five-year root caries increments and rates of tooth loss. The baseline study population was comprised of 270 subjects who were all participants in the population-based Helsinki Aging Study. Salivary flow rates and microbial conditions were determined as part of their dental examination at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, in 1990-1991. Of these subjects, 110 underwent a follow-up examination in 1995-1996. Commercially available kits (Dentocult SM strip mutans for mutans streptococci, Dentocult LB for lactobacilli, and Oricult N for yeasts) were used for the enumeration of micro-organisms, after the collection of paraffin-wax-stimulated whole saliva. The stimulated whole saliva flow rates of the subjects were significantly lower at the follow-up than at baseline (paired t test, difference -0.16 mL/min; p < 0.05), whereas buffer capacity was higher (paired t test, difference 0.19 on a three-unit scale; p < 0.05). Apart from lower salivary lactobacilli counts at follow-up (paired t test, difference -0.44 CFUs/mL of saliva; p < 0.001), no changes were found in salivary microbial levels. Salivary microbial counts were clearly associated with the subjects' dentition types: More denture-wearers had high microbial counts than persons with natural dentitions. None of the salivary factors correlated with the root caries incidence or the number of teeth lost during the five-year follow-up.
Journal of Dental Research 11/1999; 78(10):1640-6. · 3.49 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction (SGH) are prevalent in elderly populations, causing much discomfort and even difficulties in eating. SGH also increases the occurrence and severity of oral diseases and makes the patient susceptible to candidiasis. The principal causes of SGH and xerostomia are systemic diseases and drugs used daily. The diagnosis of SGH and xerostomia is based on simple methods, of which measuring both unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate is the most important. Treatment calls for proper management of underlying disease, avoidance of all unnecessary medications, and topical remedies such as artificial saliva substitutes. However, good hydration is essential in the elderly with SGH and xerostomia, and water is the drink of choice. In extremely difficult cases, for instance in patients receiving radiotherapy for cancer of the head and neck regions, parasympathomimetic drugs may be administered if no contraindications exist.
Drugs & Aging 09/1999; 15(2):103-16. · 2.67 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Root caries is one of the main dental problems among the dentate old elderly. The aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of root caries in 196 dentate elderly (mean age 79.3) in relation to their salivary flow rate, buffering capacity and salivary microbial counts. These subjects participated in the oral health component of the Helsinki Aging Study in 1990-1991. Clinical oral examinations included assessment of the state of root surfaces and salivary flow rates, both paraffin-wax-stimulated and unstimulated. Salivary buffering capacity and the growth of salivary mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and yeasts were determined by means of commercially available kits. Root caries occurred in 52% of men and in 35% of women (p < 0.05). Number of decayed (DRS) and decayed or filled (DFRS) root surfaces correlated (r = 0.16 to 0.26) with salivary microbial counts. No correlation appeared between DRS and subjects' salivary flow rates. Basic estimates on the association between DRS and salivary findings showed that microbial counts only produced significant odds ratios, from 2.0 to 3.5. However, in a log-linear model high salivary mutans streptococci and yeast counts together with male gender were associated with greater occurrence of root caries.
Caries Research 01/1998; 32(1):5-9. · 2.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Our earlier studies on edentulous elderly subjects have shown associations of severe resorption in the mandibular residual ridge with female gender and systemic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine whether other factors also were related to residual ridge resorption (RRR). Among 177 edentulous elderly subjects effects on RRR were investigated with regard to history of edentulousness and denture-wearing, the condition of the dentures and soft tissues, dental status of the opposing jaw, and oral hygiene habits. No significant association was found between degree of resorption and duration of edentulousness in either the mandible or the maxilla. RRR was related to denture quality (P < 0.05); however, severe resorption was not. In the maxilla previous use of removable partial dentures was a factor contributing to the resorption (odds ratio (OR), 2.4); flabby ridge was related to the severity of the resorption (OR, 2.4). This study showed local factors related to RRR more often in the maxilla than in the mandible, thus suggesting that severe resorption in the mandible is influenced more by systemic factors than by those investigated in this study.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 10/1997; 55(5):306-13. · 1.07 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A large epidemiological health investigation, the Helsinki Ageing Study (HAS), was performed in 1989-1991 in Helsinki, Finland. We report here the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in 338 76-, 81- and 86-year-old home-living elderly people, who completed the oral health investigation at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki. One or more lesions were found in 128 subjects (38%). Fifty-one per cent of the edentulous complete-denture wearers and 31% of the elderly with some natural teeth had mucosal lesions. The most common finding was inflammation under the denture, which occurred alone or combined with other lesions in 25% of the denture wearers. The three most common mucosal changes not related to denture wearing were coated changes of the tongue (7%), angular cheilitis (6%) and varicose veins under the tongue (4%). No differences were found in the number of mucosal lesions among the three age groups. Angular cheilitis and inflammation under removable dentures were more frequent in women than in men. However, no other differences were found in the presence of mucosal lesions between sexes. The total number of mucosal lesions correlated positively with the number of medications used daily. Ninety-six per cent of the subjects with complete dentures, and 98% of those with some natural teeth reported cleaning their dentures at least once a day. Of the denture wearers, 88% reported cleaning their oral mucosa also, as part of their oral hygiene routine. The presence of mucosal lesions was related to self-reported cleaning of the denture-bearing mucosa. However, no association was observed between cleaning frequency and presence of mucosal changes.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 06/1997; 24(5):332-7. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: summary A large epidemiological health investigation, the Helsinki Ageing Study (HAS), was performed in 1989–1991 in Helsinki, Finland. We report here the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in 338 76-, 81- and 86-year-old home-living elderly people, who completed the oral health investigation at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki. One or more lesions were found in 128 subjects (38%). Fifty-one per cent of the edentulous complete-denture wearers and 31% of the elderly with some natural teeth had mucosal lesions. The most common finding was inflammation under the denture, which occurred alone or combined with other lesions in 25% of the denture wearers. The three most common mucosal changes not related to denture wearing were coated changes of the tongue (7%), angular cheilitis (6%) and varicose veins under the tongue (4%). No differences were found in the number of mucosal lesions among the three age groups. Angular cheilitis and inflammation under removable dentures were more frequent in women than in men. However, no other differences were found in the presence of mucosal lesions between sexes. The total number of mucosal lesions correlated positively with the number of medications used daily. Ninety-six per cent of the subjects with complete dentures, and 98% of those with some natural teeth reported cleaning their dentures at least once a day. Of the denture wearers, 88% reported cleaning their oral mucosa also, as part of their oral hygiene routine. The presence of mucosal lesions was related to self-reported cleaning of the denture-bearing mucosa. However, no association was observed between cleaning frequency and presence of mucosal changes.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 04/1997; 24(5):332 - 337. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to document the number of remaining natural teeth, to examine the prosthetic rehabilitation and to evaluate further prosthetic treatment needs among a representative sample of 76-86-year-old inhabitants of Helsinki. The edentulous made up 46% (168) of the subjects, 40% of the men and 48% of the women. Of these edentulous, 94% (158) wore complete dentures in both jaws, 2% wore only a maxillary denture, and 4% wore no dentures at all. One edentulous subject had an implant-supported overdenture in the lower jaw. More than half (54%) of all subjects had 1-32 natural teeth left. These dentate subjects had 47% (mean 13.2, excluding the wisdom teeth) of their natural teeth remaining. Of the remaining teeth, 13% (mean 1.8) were crowned and 5% (mean 0.6) were indicated to be extracted. Among the dentate, 37% (mean 10.4) of their natural teeth were missing and replaced by some type of fixed or removable prosthesis. Eleven per cent (mean 3.1) of missing teeth had not been replaced and were considered not to need prosthetic replacement. However, 5% (mean 1.3) of the missing teeth without prosthetic replacement were judged to need a prosthesis. Among the dentate, 37% wore a complete denture in one jaw; 34% of the dentate subjects used acrylic removable partial dentures (ARPD), and 19% used metallic removable partial dentures (MRPD). Of the dentate, 45% had crowns and fixed bridges. Altogether, 25% wore some kind of combination of fixed and removable prosthesis, whereas 14% had no type of prosthetic rehabilitation at all. The age of the current prosthesis varied from less than one year to over 50 years. Of all the subjects, 37% (6% of the edentulous and 63% of the dentate) had experienced inadequate prosthetic rehabilitation.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 12/1996; 23(11):722-8. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to document the number of remaining natural teeth, to examine the prosthetic rehabilitation and to evaluate further prosthetic treatment needs among a representative sample of 76–86-year-old inhabitants of Helsinki. The edentulous made up 46% (168) of the subjects, 40% of the men and 48% of the women. Of these edentulous, 94% (158) wore complete dentures in both jaws, 2% wore only a maxillary denture, and 4% wore no dentures at all. One edentulous subject had an implant-supported overdenture in the lower jaw. More than half (54%) of all subjects had 1–32 natural teeth left. These dentate subjects had 47% (mean 13·2, excluding the wisdom teeth) of their natural teeth remaining. Of the remaining teeth, 13% (mean 1·8) were crowned and 5% (mean 0·6) were indicated to be extracted. Among the dentate, 37% (mean 10·4) of their natural teeth were missing and replaced by some type of fixed or removable prosthesis. Eleven per cent (mean 3·1) of missing teeth had not been replaced and were considered not to need prosthetic replacement. However, 5% (mean 1·3) of the missing teeth without prosthetic replacement were judged to need a prosthesis. Among the dentate, 37% wore a complete denture in one jaw; 34% of the dentate subjects used acrylic removable partial dentures (ARPD), and 19% used metallic removable partial dentures (MRPD). Of the dentate, 45% had crowns and fixed bridges. Altogether, 25% wore some kind of combination of fixed and removable prosthesis, whereas 14% had no type of prosthetic rehabilitation at all. The age of the current prosthesis varied from less than one year to over 50 years. Of all the subjects, 37% (6% of the edentulous and 63% of the dentate) had experienced inadequate prosthetic rehabilitation.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 10/1996; 23(11):722 - 728. · 1.53 Impact Factor
