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ABSTRACT: To compare the influence and clearance effect of enzymatic and non-enzymatic detergents against Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilm on the inner surface of gastroscopes.
Teflon tubes were incubated in a mixture of different detergents and E. coli culture (10(6) CFU/mL) for 72 h at 15 degrees C, and biofilms on the inner surface of the teflon tubes were analyzed by bacterial count and scanning electron microscopy. To evaluate the clearance effect of detergents, after biofilms were formed on the inner surface of Teflon tubes by 72 h lavage with E. coli culture, tubes were lavaged by enzymatic and non-enzymatic detergents at a speed of 250 mL/min, then biofilms on the inner surface were analyzed by bacterial count and scanning electron microscopy.
Non-enzymatic detergent had a better inhibition function on biofilm formation than enzymatic detergent as it reduced bacterial burden by 2.4 log compared with the control samples (P = 0.00). Inhibition function of enzymatic detergent was not significantly different to that of control samples and reduced bacterial burden by 0.2 log on average (P > 0.05). After lavaging at 250 mL/min for 3 min, no living bacteria were left in the tubes. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed biofilms became very loose by the high shear force effect.
Non-enzymatic detergent has a better inhibition effect on biofilm formation at room temperature. High speed pre-lavage and detergents are very important in temporal formed biofilm elimination.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 02/2010; 16(8):1019-24. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Cholesterol efflux is regulated by cholesterol transporters, including adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters, A1, G1 (ABCA1, ABCG1), and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI). We have investigated whether the expression of these transporters/receptor is altered in patients with hypertension and also studied their functional effects in cholesterol efflux. The newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, as well as age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. mRNA of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-BI in monocytes was measured. The functional effects of the three transporters/receptor and cholesterol efflux from monocyte-derived macrophages ex vivo were also determined. The expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 was significantly decreased in the newly diagnosed untreated hypertensive patients compared with that in healthy controls. The levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1 were negatively associated with blood pressure, and the reduction of ABCA1 and ABCG1 could be reversed by anti-hypertensive therapy. No significant associations between plasma lipids, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and the expression of ABCA1 or ABCG1 were found. Cholesterol efflux from monocyte-derived macrophages to autologous serum, apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was impaired in hypertensive patients. Cholesterol efflux to autologous serum or apoAI was associated with the expression of ABCA1, whereas cholesterol efflux to autologous serum or HDL was associated with the expression of ABCG1. The expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in monocytes is reduced in hypertensive patients, which could be reversed by anti-hypertensive therapy. The reduction in ABCA1/ABCG1 is associated with the impairment of cholesterol efflux from monocyte-derived macrophages.
Hypertension Research 05/2009; 32(6):455-61. · 2.58 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background: Cholesterol efflux is regulated by cellular cholesterol transporters/receptors such as ATP binding cassette transporters (ABCA1, ABCG1) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the expression of these transporters/receptor is affected by type 2 diabetes and its functional effects on cholesterol efflux. Methods: mRNA levels of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-BI in peripheral blood monocytes were measured in 20 diabetic patients and 20 age-, gender-matched controls. Their functional effects of cholesterol efflux from monocyte-derived macrophages to serum were also determined. Results: ABCG1 mRNA expression was decreased in diabetic patients, whereas the levels of ABCA1 and SR-BI were similar between the two groups. Cholesterol efflux from monocyte-derived macrophages to standard serum or autologous serum was significantly reduced in diabetic patients, which were correlated with the expression of ABCG1. Conclusion: ABCG1 expression in monocytes is reduced in type 2 diabetic patients, which results in the functional effects of the impairment in cholesterol efflux from monocyte-derived macrophages.
Endocrine Journal 12/2008; · 2.03 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an important antioxidative enzyme associated with high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Recent data suggest that HDL antioxidative ability may be altered in type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate whether HDL-PON1 activity and HDL antioxidative ability were related to the presence and severity of diabetic nephropathy.
Sixty type 2 diabetic patients, who were subdivided into normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. HDL was then isolated to measure PON1 activity, lipid peroxide and its ability in protecting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation.
HDL-PON1 activity and HDL antioxidative ability in protecting LDL from oxidation was preserved in diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria, but significantly decreased in those with microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria. HDL peroxide was comparable between healthy controls and normoalbuminuric patients, but significantly increased in those with microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria. On multiple analyses, urinary protein was an independent negative determinant of HDL-PON1 activity, and HDL-PON1 activity was positively associated with HDL antioxidative ability, and negatively associated with HDL peroxide.
HDL-PON1 activity is decreased in type 2 diabetic patients with incipient or overt nephropathy, which relates to the reduced HDL antioxidative ability in protecting LDL from oxidation and increased peroxide in HDL.
Nephrology 03/2008; 14(5):514-20. · 1.31 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the most complex gastrointestinal procedure, which needs patients' cooperation. The aim of this study was to observe the quality and safety of sedation with propofol in patients undergoing therapeutic ERCP.
Seventy patients who had undergone therapeutic ERCP were randomly divided into two groups. One group,given intravenously propofol,and the other sedated with routine method,served as the control. Blood pressure,heart rate, oxygen saturation were monitored and cardiorespiratory event was observed. Patient cooperation, performance, recovery time and amnesia served as variables postoperation.
Blood pressure elevated in four patients in the propofol group, less than in the control group (P < 0.01). Seven patients showed decreased blood pressure after administration of propofol, but none in the control group (P < 0.01). Twelve patients in the control group showed mild or significant resistance, but none in the propofol group (P < 0.01). The time for performance in the propofol group (P < 0.05) was shorter than in the control group. Patient recovery was quicker in the propofol group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The degree of amnesia better in the propofol group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The degree of amnesia was also better in the propofol group than in the control group (P<0.01).
Propofol proves to be an excellent sedative for therapeutic ERCP. Being effective and safe, it shows a shorter ERCP duration but quick recovery and better amnesia. It is better than other routine sedatives.
Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international: HBPD INT 08/2005; 4(3):437-40. · 1.08 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the clinical value of miniature ultrasonic probes (MUPs) for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract diseases.
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed for patients with its indications with 7.5-20 MHz MUPs and double-cavity electronic endoscope. According to the diagnosis of MUPs, patients who had indications of treatment received endoscopic resection or surgical excision. Postoperative histological results were compared with the preoperative diagnosis of MUPs. A few patients without endoscopic resection or surgical excision were periodically followed up with MUPs.
A total of 537 patients were examined by MUPs, of them, 256 were diagnosed with gastrointestinal submucosal lesions, 146 with pseudo-submucosal lesions, 50 with digestive tract cancers, 17 with peptic ulcer, 11 with cholecystolithiasis, 8 with chronic pancreatitis, and 2 with achalasia and 47 were diagnosed as normal. After MUPs examinations, 220 patients received endoscopic resection or surgical excision, and the postoperative histological results of 211 patients were completely consistent with the preoperative diagnosis of MUPs. The diagnostic accuracy of MUPs was 95.9%. The result of follow-up with MUPs indicated that gastrointestinal leiomyoma, lipoma, phlebangioma and cyst were unchanged within 1-2 years. The patients who received endoscopic resection or centesis did not have any complications.
MUPs are of value in diagnosing gastrointestinal submucosal lesions, staging of digestive tract cancers and biliary-pancreatic diseases. They play a very important role in making therapeutic plans.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 08/2004; 10(13):1948-53. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the clinical value of miniature ultrasonic probes (MUP) in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract diseases.
537 patients who were indicated for endoscopic ultrasorography (EUS) underwent EUS with 7.5 - 20 MHz MUP and double-cavity electronic endoscope. According to the diagnoses of MUP, those patients who presented the indication of treatment were treated by endoscopic resection or surgical excision respectively, the postoperative histological results were compared with the preoperative diagnoses of MUP. A follow-up with MUP was periodically made for a few patients without endoscopic resection or surgical excision.
Among the 537 patients the diagnosis of gastrointestinal submucosal lesions was made in the 256 cases, polyp in 56 cases, inflammatory prominence in 37 cases, extrinsic compression 53 cases, digestive tract cancer 50 cases, peptic ulcer 17 cases, cholecystolithiasis 11 cases, chronic pancreatitis in 8 cases, and achalasia 2 cases and 47 cases were diagnosed as normal, After examination of MUP, 220 patients were treated by endoscopic resection or surgical excision respectively, the postoperative histological results of 211 patients were completely consistent with the preoperative diagnosis of MUP, and diagnostic accuracy of MUP was 95.9%. The result of follow-up with MUP indicated that gastrointestinal leiomyoma, lipoma, phlebangioma and cyst were unchanged within 1 - 2 years. The patients who were treated by endoscopic resection or centesis showed no complication.
EUS with MUP is a valuable method in diagnosis of gastrointestinal submucosal lesions, staging of digestive tract cancer and diagnosis of biliary-pancreatic diseases. It plays a very important role for making scientific, effective, safe and economic therapeutic plan.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 02/2004; 84(2):119-24.
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ABSTRACT: The cardiovascular impacts of gastroscopy in the aged patients are not neglectable, especially for those with hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different cardiovascular impacts of transnasal and transoral gastroscopy in the aged patients with or without hypertension.
120 aged patients (age >65 years) who had gastroscopy indication were recruited. Transnasal or transoral gastroscopy was employed for each subject. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded.
In those patients with normal-tension during transoral gastroscopy examination, HR and BP increased and SaO, decreased, about 1/3-1/2 patients exhibited ECG changes of sinus tachycardia, ectopic rhythm and myocardial ischemia. The changes of HR and BP were more marked in those patients with hypertension during transoral gastroscopy examination, and a greater proportion of patients exhibited the above ECG changes. The maximal increment of HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP and SaO2, as well as ECG changes, significantly decreased in those hypertension patients during transnasal gastroscopy compared with those during transoral gastroscopy, and these changes remained similar to those normal-tension patients during transoral gastroscopy examination.
The cardiovascular impacts of transoral gastroscopy in the aged patients are not neglectable, transnasal gastroscopy examination, the cardiovascular impacts of which are smaller, is relatively safe for those aged hypertension patients.
Hepato-gastroenterology 56(94-95):1562-5. · 0.66 Impact Factor
