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International journal of cardiology 02/2013; · 7.08 Impact Factor
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Thomas Cuisset,
Jacques Quilici,
William Cohen,
Laurent Fourcade,
Noémie Saut,
Mathieu Pankert,
Bénédicte Gaborit, Patrizia Carrieri,
Pierre-Emmanuel Morange,
Jean Louis Bonnet,
Marie-Christine Alessi
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ABSTRACT: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19*2 loss-of-function allele has been associated with impaired clopidogrel response and worse prognosis in clopidogrel-treated patients. The benefit of tailored therapy according to platelet function test results remains unclear, and the potential effect of genotypes on this benefit has not been addressed in unstable patients. The present study was designed to evaluate the benefit of tailored therapy with a higher maintenance dose according to CYP2C19 genotypes in patients identified as nonresponders who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Three hundred forty-six consecutive patients were enrolled and received a loading dose of 600 mg, including 86 *2 carriers (13 homozygotes and 73 heterozygotes) and 260 *2 noncarriers. Clopidogrel response, assessed with platelet reactivity index vasoactive-stimulated phosphoprotein, was significantly affected by genotype, with lower clopidogrel response in CYP2C19*2 allele carriers (p = 0.01). Accordingly, the rate of clopidogrel nonresponse was higher in CYP2C19*2 allele carriers (53% vs 41%, p = 0.04). All clopidogrel nonresponders (n = 151), including 105 *2 noncarriers and 46 *2 carriers, received high 150-mg clopidogrel maintenance doses at discharge to overcome initial low response. After 1 month, high maintenance doses overcame clopidogrel low response in only 44% of the whole population and significantly less frequently in *2 carriers than in noncarriers (28% vs 50%, p = 0.01). In conclusion, higher clopidogrel maintenance doses were able to overcome clopidogrel low response in fewer than half of clopidogrel low responders who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. The benefit of this tailored therapy was significantly reduced in CYP2C19*2 carriers. Therefore, these patients might require alternative strategies with new P2Y₁₂ blockers.
The American journal of cardiology 07/2011; 108(6):760-5. · 3.58 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) scale-up in sub-Saharan Africa has made it possible to investigate the maintenance of adherence to HIV medications. We describe here adherence to ART and identify its correlates in the Cameroonian context.
Prospective cohort study in 9 rural district hospitals.
A mixed logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with adherence to ART in 401 patients with data prospectively collected on adherence.
Although 73% of patients were adherent after the first month on ART, this proportion decreased to 61% after 24 months. After adjustment for known factors of adherence to ART (such as knowledge, motivation and side-effects), patients who reported willingness to start ART before initiation, those who were satisfied with information provided by their physicians, and those who implemented reminder methods for ART intake {eg, using an alarm clock, mobile phone, or watch [odds ratio (95% confidence interval)] = 2.45 (1.58 to 3.79), but also the help of a relative to remind them or other methods} were more likely to be adherent to ART.
Besides highlighting some correlates already known to have an impact on adherence to ART, our findings also underline the need to reinforce the counseling component of follow-up through innovative methods. Accordingly, training and implementation research should encourage the use of medication reminder methods, such as mobile phones, to assure adherence over time and improve long-term response to ART.
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 07/2011; 57 Suppl 1:S40-3. · 4.43 Impact Factor
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The American journal of cardiology 06/2011; 107(12):1866-7. · 3.58 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Premature discontinuation of and reduced adherence to antiplatelet therapy have been identified as major risk factors for stent thrombosis and poor prognosis after acute coronary syndrome.
We aimed to identify correlates of non-adherence to aspirin among patients who had undergone coronary stenting.
We prospectively included all patients who had undergone coronary stenting in our institution. Response to aspirin was assessed during the hospital phase with arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation (AA-Ag) and only good responders to aspirin (AA-Ag<30%) were included in the study for longitudinal assessment (n=308). Response to aspirin was reassessed 1 month after hospital discharge and non-responders received a directly observed intake of aspirin to exclude any biological non-response due to bioavailability problems. After excluding patients with such problems, response to aspirin based on platelet function testing was used to estimate non-adherence to aspirin after coronary stenting. A logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of non-adherence.
Non-adherence to aspirin concerned 14% of the study sample (n=43). After adjustment for age, those who reported the highest risk of non-adherence to aspirin were migrants (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 8.3 [3.5-19.8], followed by patients receiving treatment for diabetes (4.5 [1.9-10.9]). Smokers had a threefold risk of non-adherence (3.1 [1.4-6.9]).
Non-adherence to aspirin is relatively frequent in populations at high risk of cardiovascular events. Appropriate case management and special interventions targeting these groups need to be implemented to avoid fatal events and assure long-term adherence to treatment.
Archives of cardiovascular diseases 05/2011; 104(5):306-12. · 0.66 Impact Factor
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Marc-Arthur Loko,
Dominique Salmon, Patrizia Carrieri,
Maria Winnock,
Marion Mora,
Laurence Merchadou,
Stéphanie Gillet,
Elodie Pambrun,
Jean Delaune,
Marc-Antoine Valantin, [......],
Daniel Vittecoq,
Cécile Goujard,
Claudine Duvivier,
Bruno Spire,
Jacques Izopet,
Philippe Sogni,
Lawrence Serfaty,
Yves Benhamou,
Firouzé Bani-Sadr,
François Dabis
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ABSTRACT: In France, it is estimated that 24% of HIV-infected patients are also infected with HCV. Longitudinal studies addressing clinical and public health questions related to HIV-HCV co-infection (HIV-HCV clinical progression and its determinants including genetic dimension, patients' experience with these two diseases and their treatments) are limited. The ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH cohort was set up to explore these critical questions.To describe the cohort aims and organization, monitoring and data collection procedures, baseline characteristics, as well as follow-up findings to date.
Inclusion criteria in the cohort were: age > 18 years, HIV-1 infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or sustained response to HCV treatment. A standardized medical questionnaire collecting socio-demographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic, histological, ultrasound and endoscopic data is administered at enrollment, then every six months for cirrhotic patients or yearly for non-cirrhotic patients. Also, a self-administered questionnaire documenting socio-behavioral data and adherence to HIV and/or HCV treatments is administered at enrollment and yearly thereafter.
A total of 1,175 patients were included from January 2006 to December 2008. Their median age at enrollment was 45 years and 70.2% were male. The median CD4 cell count was 442 (IQR: 304-633) cells/μl and HIV RNA plasma viral load was undetectable in 68.8%. Most participants (71.6%) were on HAART. Among the 1,048 HIV-HCV chronically co-infected patients, HCV genotype 1 was predominant (56%) and cirrhosis was present in 25%. As of January, 2010, after a median follow-up of 16.7 months (IQR: 11.3-25.3), 13 new cases of decompensated cirrhosis, nine hepatocellular carcinomas and 20 HCV-related deaths were reported, resulting in a cumulative HCV-related severe event rate of 1.9/100 person-years (95% CI: 1.3-2.5). The rate of HCV-related severe events was higher in cirrhotic patients and those with a low CD4 cells count, but did not differ according to sex, age, alcohol consumption, CDC clinical stage or HCV status.
The ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH is a nation-wide cohort using a large network of HIV treatment, infectious diseases and internal medicine clinics in France, and thus is highly representative of the French population living with these two viruses and in care.
BMC Infectious Diseases 10/2010; 10:303. · 3.12 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The long-term maintenance of antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains an important issue, especially in limited-resource settings where additional barriers exist. A cross-sectional study was performed 24 months after ART initiation for patients treated in Cambodia in order to estimate the prevalence and identify determinants of non-adherence.
Adults receiving ART for 24 +/- 2 months were considered eligible for the study. Self-reported non-adherence was defined according to an algorithm based on six items. The questionnaire also assessed ART-related side effects and HIV disclosure. HIV-1 RNA plasma viral load was measured using real-time PCR. Multivariate rare events logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with non-adherence.
A total of 346 patients participated in the study. At 24 months, 95% of patients were adherent, 80% had HIV RNA <40 copies/ml and 75% had CD4+ T-cell counts >200 cells/mm3. Virological success was significantly higher in adherent patients than in non-adherent patients (81% versus 56%, P=0.021). Living in a rural area, limited HIV disclosure and perceived lipodystrophy were independently associated with non-adherence.
At 24 months, adherence to ART was high and explained positive virological outcomes. In order to maintain adherence and long-term virological benefits, special attention should be given to patients living in rural areas, those with lipodystrophy-related symptoms and others who express difficulties disclosing their condition to close family members.
Antiviral therapy 01/2008; 13(5):697-703. · 3.16 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Self-reported adherence and plasma protease inhibitor concentration (PPIC) were assessed in 642 HIV-infected patients at month 4 of a single protease inhibitor-containing regimen. PPIC was below the limit of quantification (LOQ) in 32% of non-adherent patients and in 8% of adherent patients. The relationship between non-adherence and a detectable HIV viral load was enhanced when adherent patients with PPIC below LOQ were considered to be non-adherent. PPIC combined with self-report may more reliably detect non-adherence.
AIDS 06/2003; 17(7):1096-9. · 6.24 Impact Factor
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AIDS 05/2003; 17(7):1096-1099. · 6.24 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The authors tested the impact of social instability on adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among patients infected with HIV through injection drug use (IDU; MANIF2000 cohort). In the study, they analyzed sociodemographic baseline characteristics to develop an indicator of social instability. Information concerning adherence to HAART was collected through questionnaires during a 2-year follow-up period. Factors associated with nonadherence were studied in two different groups: 1) patients who had stopped injection drug use (ex-IDUs) and who were not in drug maintenance programs (DMT) during the entire follow-up period, and 2) those who were still opiate dependent. Among the 210 eligible patients, 114 were classified as ex-IDUs and 96 as opiate dependent. Ex-IDUs reported nonadherence behaviors in 96 of 384 visits (25.0%), while opiate-dependent patients were nonadherent in 111 of 308 visits (36.0%; p = .02). Among ex-IDUs, the only factor associated with nonadherence was social instability, while among opiate-dependent patients, injection behavior was the only determinant of nonadherence behavior. For opiate-dependent patients, DMT may enhance adherence to HAART, but only if it is successful in reducing abuse of injection practices. For ex-IDUs, it is very important that the management of social difficulties be taken into account to increase adherence to HAART.
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 01/2003; 31 Suppl 3:S149-53. · 4.43 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We investigated the impact of the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on health-related quality of life (HRQL).
Medical data for patients in the French APROCO cohort were collected at enrollment (M0) and month 12 (M12). A self-administered questionnaire gathered information about HRQL (Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey) and toxicity-related symptoms. Using the twenty-fifth percentile of HRQL scales in the French population as a threshold, patients with normal values in at least three mental and three physical scales were considered to have a "normal HRQL." RESULTS. Of the 1053 patients followed through M12, HRQL data at M0 and M12 were available for 654. Among the 233 patients with a normal baseline HRQL, 63 (27.0%) experienced a deterioration of HRQL at M12. Among the 421 patients with a low baseline HRQL, 121 achieved a normal HRQL at M12. Logistic regression showed that factors independently associated with a normal HRQL at M12 were normal baseline HRQL, baseline CD4 count <500 cells/mm, time since HIV diagnosis <8 years, undetectable HIV-RNA at M12, and lower number of self-reported symptoms at M12.
An assessment of HRQL should be integrated to efficacy outcomes to evaluate and compare long-term strategies properly and to optimize the durability of response to antiretroviral therapy.
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 01/2003; 32(1):38-47. · 4.43 Impact Factor
