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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 01/2012; 16:176-182.
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JCSE. 01/2011; 5:246-256.
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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 01/2011; 15:175-177.
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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 01/2010; 14:895-896.
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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 01/2010; 14:543-545.
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ABSTRACT: P-Health, a future health model that can be described as a 6-P's paradigm, aims to provide low cost and high quality health care via redesigning care practice and networking information systems at different levels. To realise p-Health, a multi-level health information system has to be developed for the processing, storage, transmission, acquisition and retrieval (P-STAR) of health information that spans multiple temporal and spatial scales and consists of multi-modality. This paper uses wearable devices, which have to be miniaturised, integrated, networked, digitalised, smart and standardised (MINDSS), as examples to illustrate how two or more P-STAR technologies are integrated together to implement a specific health care application under p-Health. In particular, standardisation of MINDSS devices that required a new measurement principle, such as the calibration procedure of cuff-less blood pressure measurement devices, is discussed.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 01/2010; 2010:1755-8.
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ABSTRACT: Body sensor networks (BSNs) have emerged as a new technology for healthcare applications, but the security of communication in BSNs remains a formidable challenge yet to be resolved. The paper discusses the typical attacks faced by BSNs and proposes a fast biometric based approach to generate keys for ensuing confidentiality and authentication in BSN communications. The approach was tested on 900 segments of electrocardiogram. Each segment was 4 seconds long and used to generate a 128-bit key. The results of the study found that entropy of 96% of the keys were above 0.95 and 99% of the hamming distances calculated from any two keys were above 50 bits. Based on the randomness and distinctiveness of these keys, it is concluded that the fast biometric based approach has great potential to be used to secure communication in BSNs for health applications.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 01/2010; 2010:2034-6.
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ABSTRACT: The use of sensor networks for healthcare, well-being, and working in extreme environments has long roots in the engineering sector in medicine and biology community. With the maturity of wireless sensor networks, body area networks (BANs), and wireless BANs (WBANs), recent efforts in promoting the concept of body sensor networks (BSNs) aim to move beyond sensor connectivity to adopt a system-level approach to address issues related to biosensor design, interfacing, and embodiment, as well as ultralow-power processing/communication, power scavenging, autonomic sensing, data mining, inferencing, and integrated wireless sensor microsystems. As a result, the system architecture based on WBAN and BSN is becoming a widely accepted method of organization for ambulatory and ubiquitous monitoring systems. This editorial paper presents a snapshot of the current research and emerging applications and addresses some of the challenges and implementation issues.
IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine: a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 11/2009; 13(6):859-63. · 1.69 Impact Factor
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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 01/2009; 13:281-283.
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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 01/2009; 13:859-863.
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ABSTRACT: Security and privacy are among the most crucial issues for data transmission in telemedicine systems. This paper proposes a solution for securing wireless data transmission in telemedicine systems, i.e. within a body sensor network (BSN), between the BSN and server as well as between the server and professionals who have assess to the server. A unique feature of this solution is the generation of random keys by physiological data (i.e. a biometric approach) for securing communication at all 3 levels. In the performance analysis, inter-pulse interval of photoplethysmogram is used as an example to generate these biometric keys to protect wireless data transmission. The results of statistical analysis and computational complexity suggest that this type of key is random enough to make telemedicine systems resistant to attacks.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 01/2009; 2009:701-4.
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ABSTRACT: Arterial stiffness is an important index for cardiovascular events. The objective of this study is to examine possible parameters related to arterial stiffness that can be estimated during simple arm movements. An experiment was conducted on 32 subjects divided into two groups, one with an age of 26+/-4 years old, and the other 61+/-9. The pulse transit time measured from electrocardiogram to finger photoplethysmogram (PPG) and the amplitude of PPG were calculated beat-to-beat for the subjects while they had their arms lowered. The results of the study showed that the ratio between percentage changes in PTT and finger height are significantly different for the two groups of subjects with different age and health conditions, indicating that parameters can be potentially extracted from this procedure to represent the difference in arterial stiffness of the two groups of subjects.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 01/2009; 2009:1789-91.
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ABSTRACT: This paper proposes one of the unique requirements in the validation protocol of the IEEE P1708 standard in assessing wearable cuff-less blood pressure (BP) measuring devices. Based on principles that are different from that of the conventional cuff-based devices, the cuff-less BP measurement approaches often require an individual calibration procedure. In this study, we used data from an experiment carried out on 28 subjects with a total of 139 sets of BP measurements as an example to show that breakdown of the performance evaluation of cuff-less devices according to the change of BP from the point of calibration is crucial for understanding and interpreting the overall accuracy of the device.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 01/2009; 2009:7045-7.
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ABSTRACT: Security of the emerging body sensor network (BSN) in telemedicine applications is a crucial problem because personal medical information must be protected against flaws and misdeeds. The solution is, however, nontrivial because lightweight mechanisms have to be deployed to meet the stringent resource constraints of these networks. It has been suggested that the inherent ability of human body to transfer information is a unique and resource-saving method to secure wireless communications within a BSN. For example, physiological characteristics can be captured by individual sensors of a BSN to generate entity identifiers (EIs) for identifying nodes and even securing keying materials, i.e., by a biometric approach. This study demonstrates the performance analysis of such a biometric trait, i.e., the interpulse intervals (IPIs) of heartbeats that were calculated from electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram of 99 subjects. Based on the characteristics of IPIs, a lightweight generation scheme of EIs is proposed. Individual randomness and group similarity of the generated EIs are then evaluated. False acceptance rate and false rejection rate are also calculated to measure the effectiveness of the proposed identification system. The results suggest that the readily available IPI information can be a good source for generating EIs among BSN nodes.
IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine: a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 12/2008; 12(6):772-9. · 1.69 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Pulse arrival time (PAT) has been proposed for measuring blood pressure (BP) noninvasively and continuously. A challenge of the PAT-based BP measurement technique is to calibrate it individually. The objective of this study is to examine a previously proposed model-based calibration method utilizing hydrostatic pressure for BP estimation. A preliminary experiment has been conducted on eight subjects aged from 23 to 36. Each subject was asked to raise their right arms to five different heights (H). At each height, PAT and brachial BP were measured from the elevated arm and the resting arm respectively. The data recorded at each height were used to calibrate a subject-dependent coefficient b which was then used to estimate his/her brachial SBP before and after exercise. It was found that the estimation results were influenced by H and k, which is a constant time interval subtracted from PAT. In this study, the estimation errors were found to be more sensitive to H than to k for −30≤H≤30 cm and 40≤k≤70 ms.
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008. EMBS 2008. 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE; 09/2008
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ABSTRACT: The pulse transit time (PTT)-based method has been proposed as a noninvasive and cuffless alternative for monitoring blood pressure (BP). Yet, a major challenge of the technology is to overcome the requirement of individual calibration. In this study, we aim to explore the possibility of using the changes in hydrostatic pressure and PTT for estimating BP without a calibrating procedure. Eight subjects (aged 35+/-15 years) participated in the study and their PTT were recorded during an arm movement exercise. The results of the study found that PTT increases correspondingly with the height of the arm the subjects raised. Moreover, the calculated changes in PTT agree with that derived from the theoretical model using parameter values which were previously reported in literature. To conclude, the cuffless approach presented in this paper is potentially useful for the estimation of arterial BP.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 02/2007; 2007:2336-7.
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ABSTRACT: The changes in pulse transit time (PTT) during the continuous slow deflation of brachial cuff were early reported; however, the PTTs obtained for specific cuff pressures during inflation or deflation have not been compared before. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the differences in PTT when cuff pressure (P(cuff)) was raised or deflated to the desired level. Sixteen subjects participated in this study and according to their systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBF), 8 levels of P(cuff) were predetermined for them individually. P(cuff) was directly raised to each predetermined level while 20 seconds of electrocardiographic and photoplethysmographic signals were recorded for the calculation of PTT. Another set of recordings were taken when P(cuff) was raised above the SBP and deflated to the predetermined levels. The results of this study showed that PTT increase significantly when P(cuff) was larger than 80% of DBF, regardless of whether P(cuff) was reached by inflation or deflation. Overall, no significant difference was found between PTT obtained during inflation and deflation for 12 out of the 16 subjects. To conclude, changes in PTT are mainly induced by the level of cuff pressure when there is no prolonged period of artery occlusion.
Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 02/2006; 1:6404-5.
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2006 International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2006), 3-5 April 2006, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; 01/2006
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IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 27(5):42-7. · 2.06 Impact Factor
