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ABSTRACT: A taxonomic survey of the vibrios associated with the Brazilian endemic coral Mussismilia hispida and the sympatric zoanthids (i.e. Palythoa caribaeorum, Palythoa variabilis and Zoanthus solanderi).
Mucus of 54 cnidarian specimens collected in three different places at São Sebastião in two consecutive years (i.e. 2005 and 2006) was used for taxonomic characterization of the cnidarian microbiota. Ninety-eight of the 151 vibrio isolates fell within the vibrio core group according to partial 16S rDNA sequences. We performed the sequencing of recA and pyrH genes of all vibrio isolates. The most abundant taxa belonged to the vibrio core group (Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio rotiferianus, Vibrio campbellii and Vibrio alginolyticus), Vibrio mediterranei (=Vibrio shillonii) and Vibrio chagasii. With the exception of V. chagasii which was found only in the mucus of M. hispida, the other species appeared in different hosts with no evidence for the presence of host-specific clones or species. Using rep-PCR analysis, we observed a high genomic heterogeneity within the vibrios. Each vibrio isolate generated a different rep-PCR fingerprint pattern. There was a complete agreement between the grouping based on rep-PCR and concatenated sequences of pyrH, recA and 16S rDNA, but the pyrH gene has the highest discriminatory power for vibrio species identification.
The vibrio core group is dominant in the mucus of these cnidarians. There is a tremendous diversity of vibrio lineages within the coral mucus. pyrH gene sequences permit a clear-cut identification of vibrios.
The taxonomic resolution provided by pyrH (but not recA) appears to be enough for identifying species of vibrios and for disclosing putative new taxa. The vibrio core group appears to be dominant in the mucus of the Brazilian cnidarians. The overrepresentation of these vibrios may reflect as yet unknown ecological functions in the coral holobiont.
Journal of Applied Microbiology 04/2009; 106(6):1818-26. · 2.34 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: AIMS: A taxonomic survey of the vibrios associated with the Brazilian endemic coral Mussismilia hispida and the sympatric zoanthids (i.e. Palythoa caribaeorum, Palythoa variabilis and Zoanthus solanderi). METHODS AND RESULTS: Mucus of 54 cnidarian specimens collected in three different places at Sao Sebastiao in two consecutive years (i.e. 2005 and 2006) was used for taxonomic characterization of the cnidarian microbiota. Ninety-eight of the 151 vibrio isolates fell within the vibrio core group according to partial 16S rDNA sequences. We performed the sequencing of recA and pyrH genes of all vibrio isolates. The most abundant taxa belonged to the vibrio core group (Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio rotiferianus, Vibrio campbellii and Vibrio alginolyticus), Vibrio mediterranei (=Vibrio shillonii) and Vibrio chagasii. With the exception of V. chagasii which was found only in the mucus of M. hispida, the other species appeared in different hosts with no evidence for the presence of host-specific clones or species. Using rep-PCR analysis, we observed a high genomic heterogeneity within the vibrios. Each vibrio isolate generated a different rep-PCR fingerprint pattern. There was a complete agreement between the grouping based on rep-PCR and concatenated sequences of pyrH, recA and 16S rDNA, but the pyrH gene has the highest discriminatory power for vibrio species identification. CONCLUSION: The vibrio core group is dominant in the mucus of these cnidarians. There is a tremendous diversity of vibrio lineages within the coral mucus. pyrH gene sequences permit a clear-cut identification of vibrios. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The taxonomic resolution provided by pyrH (but not recA) appears to be enough for identifying species of vibrios and for disclosing putative new taxa. The vibrio core group appears to be dominant in the mucus of the Brazilian cnidarians. The overrepresentation of these vibrios may reflect as yet unknown ecological functions in the coral holobiont.
J Appl Microbiol. 01/2009; 106(6):1818-26.
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ABSTRACT: We analyzed the usefulness of rpoA, recA, and pyrH gene sequences for the identification of vibrios. We sequenced fragments of these loci from a collection of 208 representative strains, including 192 well-documented Vibrionaceae strains and 16 presumptive Vibrio isolates associated with coral bleaching. In order to determine the intraspecies variation among the three loci, we included several representative strains per species. The phylogenetic trees constructed with the different genetic loci were roughly in agreement with former polyphasic taxonomic studies, including the 16S rRNA-based phylogeny of vibrios. The families Vibrionaceae, Photobacteriaceae, Enterovibrionaceae, and Salinivibrionaceae were all differentiated on the basis of each genetic locus. Each species clearly formed separated clusters with at least 98, 94, and 94% rpoA, recA, and pyrH gene sequence similarity, respectively. The genus Vibrio was heterogeneous and polyphyletic, with Vibrio fischeri, V. logei, and V. wodanis grouping closer to the Photobacterium genus. V. halioticoli-, V. harveyi-, V. splendidus-, and V. tubiashii-related species formed groups within the genus Vibrio. Overall, the three genetic loci were more discriminatory among species than were 16S rRNA sequences. In some cases, e.g., within the V. splendidus and V. tubiashii group, rpoA gene sequences were slightly less discriminatory than recA and pyrH sequences. In these cases, the combination of several loci will yield the most robust identification. We can conclude that strains of the same species will have at least 98, 94, and 94% rpoA, recA, and pyrH gene sequence similarity, respectively.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology 10/2005; 71(9):5107-15. · 3.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The relatedness among 91 Enterococcus strains representing all validly described species was investigated by comparing a 1,102-bp fragment of atpA, the gene encoding the alpha subunit of ATP synthase. The relationships observed were in agreement with the phylogeny inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. However, atpA gene sequences were much more discriminatory than 16S rRNA for species differentiation. All species were differentiated on the basis of atpA sequences with, at a maximum, 92% similarity. Six members of the Enterococcus faecium species group (E. faecium, E. hirae, E. durans, E. villorum, E. mundtii, and E. ratti) showed > 99% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, but the highest value of atpA gene sequence similarity was only 89.9%. The intraspecies atpA sequence similarities for all species except E. faecium strains varied from 98.6 to 100%; the E. faecium strains had a lower atpA sequence similarity of 96.3%. Our data clearly show that atpA provides an alternative tool for the phylogenetic study and identification of enterococci.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology 05/2005; 43(5):2224-30. · 4.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Six new Vibrio-like isolates originating from different species of bleached and healthy corals around Magnetic Island (Australia) were investigated using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, recA and rpoA gene sequences split the isolates in two new groups. Strains LMG 22223(T), LMG 22224, LMG 22225, LMG 22226 and LMG 22227 were phylogenetic neighbours of Photobacterium leiognathi LMG 4228(T) (95.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), whereas strain LMG 22228(T) was related to Enterovibrio norvegicus LMG 19839(T) (95.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The two new groups can be distinguished from closely related species on the basis of several phenotypic features, including fermentation of d-mannitol, melibiose and sucrose, and utilization of different compounds as carbon sources, arginine dihydrolase activity, nitrate reduction, resistance to the vibriostatic agent O/129 and the presence of fatty acids 15 : 0 iso and 17 : 0 iso. The names Photobacterium rosenbergii sp. nov. (type strain LMG 22223(T)=CBMAI 622(T)=CC1(T)) and Enterovibrio coralii sp. nov. (type strain LMG 22228(T)=CBMAI 623(T)=CC17(T)) are proposed to accommodate these new isolates. The G+C contents of the DNA of the two type strains are respectively 47.6 and 48.2 mol%.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 04/2005; 55(Pt 2):913-7. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study analysed the usefulness of recA gene sequences as an alternative phylogenetic and/or identification marker for vibrios. The recA sequences suggest that the genus Vibrio is polyphyletic. The high heterogeneity observed within vibrios was congruent with former polyphasic taxonomic studies on this group. Photobacterium species clustered together and apparently nested within vibrios, while Grimontia hollisae was apart from other vibrios. Within the vibrios, Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus clustered apart from the other genus members. Vibrio harveyi- and Vibrio splendidus-related species formed compact separated groups. On the other hand, species related to Vibrio tubiashii appeared scattered in the phylogenetic tree. The pairs Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio neptunius, Vibrio nereis and Vibrio xuii and V. tubiashii and Vibrio brasiliensis clustered completely apart from each other. There was a correlation of 0.58 between recA and 16S rDNA pairwise similarities. Strains of the same species have at least 94 % recA sequence similarity. recA gene sequences are much more discriminatory than 16S rDNA. For 16S rDNA similarity values above 98 % there was a wide range of recA similarities, from 83 to 99 %.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 06/2004; 54(Pt 3):919-24. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Three Gram-negative, small, motile, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from Artemia sp. and sea water in Barcelona, Spain, during 1990 and 1991. They were fermentative, oxidase-positive, sensitive to vibriostatic agent O/129, arginine dihydrolase-positive, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase-negative and grew in the absence of NaCl. They differed from phenotypically related species by their ability to grow at 4 degrees C and utilize L-rhamnose. Cloning of the 16S rRNA gene of the type strain produced two different 16S rRNA gene sequences, which differed by 15 bases (0.99%); comparison of these sequences with those deposited in GenBank showed close relationships with Vibrio proteolyticus (97.6% similarity), Vibrio diazotrophicus (97.9%), Vibrio campbellii (96.8%) and Vibrio alginolyticus (96.8%), among others. DNA-DNA hybridization levels with the closest phylogenetically related Vibrio species were <26.4%. Sufficient evidence is provided to support the identity of the three strains analysed as members of a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio hispanicus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain LMG 13240T (=CAIM 525T=VIB 213T).
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 02/2004; 54(Pt 1):261-5. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Three Gram-negative, small, motile, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from Artemia sp. and sea water in Barcelona, Spain, during 1990 and 1991. They were fermentative, oxidase-positive, sensitive to vibriostatic agent O/129, arginine dihydrolase-positive, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase-negative and grew in the absence of NaCl. They differed from phenotypically related species by their ability to grow at 4 {degrees}C and utilize L-rhamnose. Cloning of the 16S rRNA gene of the type strain produced two different 16S rRNA gene sequences, which differed by 15 bases (0{middle dot}99 %); comparison of these sequences with those deposited in GenBank showed close relationships with Vibrio proteolyticus (97{middle dot}6 % similarity), Vibrio diazotrophicus (97{middle dot}9 %), Vibrio campbellii (96{middle dot}8 %) and Vibrio alginolyticus (96{middle dot}8 %), among others. DNA-DNA hybridization levels with the closest phylogenetically related Vibrio species were <26{middle dot}4 %. Sufficient evidence is provided to support the identity of the three strains analysed as members of a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio hispanicus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain LMG 13240T (=CAIM 525T=VIB 213T)
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 01/2004; 54(1):261-265.
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ABSTRACT: In this study, the taxonomic positions of 19 Vibrio isolates disclosed in a previous study were evaluated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences partitioned these isolates into groups that were closely related (98.8-99.1 % similarity) to Vibrio pelagius and Vibrio xuii, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments further showed that these groups had <70 % similarity to other Vibrio species. Two novel Vibrio species are proposed to accommodate these groups: Vibrio fortis sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 21557(T)=CAIM 629(T)) and Vibrio hepatarius sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 20362(T)=CAIM 693(T)). The DNA G+C content of both novel species is 45.6 mol%. Useful phenotypic features for discriminating V. fortis and V. hepatarius from other Vibrio species include production of indole and acetoin, utilization of cellobiose, fermentation of amygdalin, melibiose and mannitol, beta-galactosidase and tryptophan deaminase activities and fatty acid composition.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 09/2003; 53(Pt 5):1495-501. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Three strains were isolated from cultured aquatic organisms. They were Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, motile, fermentative, arginine dihydrolase-positive, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase-negative and sensitive to vibriostatic agent O/129. These strains differ from other related Vibrio species by several phenotypic features, which include acetoin and indole production and utilization of amygdalin and D-mannitol. Comparison of 16S rDNA sequences showed a close relationship to the recently described species Vibrio kanaloae (96.6 %) and Vibrio pomeroyi (96.4 %) and to Vibrio furnissii (96.6 %), but DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed that the three isolates form a tight novel species with </=30 % DNA-DNA similarity to its closest phylogenetic neighbours. Vibrio pacinii sp. nov. is proposed, with LMG 19999(T) (=CAIM 530(T)=STD3-1057(T); DNA G+C content, 44.9 mol%) as the type strain.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 09/2003; 53(Pt 5):1569-73. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The taxonomic position of the fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting groups A46 (five isolates), A51 (six isolates), A52 (five isolates) and A53 (seven isolates) obtained in a previous study were further analysed through a polyphasic approach. The 23 isolates were phylogenetically related to Vibrio splendidus, but DNA-DNA hybridization experiments proved that they belong to three novel species. Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses further disclosed several features that differentiate between the 23 isolates and known Vibrio species. The names Vibrio kanaloae sp. nov. (type strain LMG 20539(T) = CAIM 485(T); EMBL accession no. AJ316193; G + C content 44.7 mol%), Vibrio pomeroyi sp. nov. (type strain LMG 20537(T) = CAIM 578(T); EMBL accession no. AJ491290; G +C content 44.1 mol%) and Vibrio chagasii sp. nov. (type strain LMG 21353(T) = CAIM 431(T); EMBL accession no. AJ316199; G + C content 44.6 mol%) are respectively proposed to encompass the five isolates of A46, the six isolates of A51 and the 12 isolates of A52/A53. The three novel species can be distinguished from known Vibrio species by several phenotypic features, including utilization and fermentation of various carbon sources, beta-galactosidase activity and fatty acid content (particularly of 12 : 0, 14: 0, 14 : 0 iso and 16 : 0 iso).
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 06/2003; 53(Pt 3):753-9. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We describe the polyphasic characterization of four Vibrio isolates which formed a tight AFLP group in a former study. The group was closely related to V. cyclitrophicus, V. lentus and V. splendidus (98.2-98.9% similarity) on the basis of the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, but by DNA-DNA hybridisation experiments it had at maximum 61% DNA similarity towards V. splendidus. Thus, we propose that the isolates represent a new Vibrio species i.e. V. tasmaniensis (LMG 20012T; EMBL under the accession numbers AJ316192; mol% G+C of DNA of the type strain is 44.7). Useful phenotypical features for discrimination of V. tasmaniensis from other Vibrio species include gelatinase and beta-galactosidase activity, fatty acid composition (particularly 14:0), utilisation and fermentation of different compounds (e.g. sucrose, melibiose and D-galactose) as sole carbon source.
Systematic and Applied Microbiology 04/2003; 26(1):65-9. · 3.37 Impact Factor
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F L Thompson,
Y Li,
B Gomez-Gil, C C Thompson,
B Hoste,
K Vandemeulebroecke,
G S Rupp,
A Pereira,
M M De Bem,
P Sorgeloos,
J Swings
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ABSTRACT: The fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) groups A5 (21 isolates), A8 (6 isolates) and A23 (3 isolates) distinguished in an earlier paper (Thompson et al., Syst Appl Microbiol 24, 520-538, 2001) were examined in more depth. These three groups were phylogenetically related to Vibrio tubiashii, but DNA-DNA hybridization experiments proved that the three AFLP groups are in fact novel species. Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses further revealed several differences among the 30 isolates and known Vibrio species. It is proposed to accommodate these isolates in three novel species, namely Vibrio neptunius (type strain LMG 20536T; EMBL accession no. AJ316171; G +C content of the type strain 46.0 mol%), Vibrio brasiliensis (type strain LMG 20546T; EMBL accession no. AJ316172; G + C content of the type strain 45.9 mol%) and Vibrio xuii (type strain LMG 21346T; EMBL accession no. AJ316181; G +C content of the type strain 46.6 mol%). These species can be differentiated on the basis of phenotypic features, including fatty acid composition (particularly 14:0 iso, 14:0 iso 3-OH, 16:0 iso, 16:0, 17:0 and 17:1 omega8c), enzyme activities and utilization and fermentation of various carbon sources.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 02/2003; 53(Pt 1):245-52. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Five Gram-negative bacterial strains, oxidase-positive, motile by means of more than one polar flagella, facultative anaerobe, arginine dihydrolase-negative, lysine- and omithine decarboxylase-positive, sensitive to the vibriostatic agent O/129, were isolated from a flow-through rotifer culture system in Gent, Belgium, and previously characterized by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism. Comparison of the 16S rDNA sequence of strain LMG 21460T indicated close relationships (approximately 99% similarity) to Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. However, DNA hybridization experiments revealed similarity values below 70% with its closest species V. campbellii and V. harveyi. Additionally, the analysed strains differ from related Vibrio species by the utilization of melibiose and production of acid from L-arabinose and amygdalin. Among the strains analysed, differences were observed in some phenotypic characters, particularly susceptibility to ampicillin, polymyxin B and amikacin, and urease activity. The major fatty acids identified were 16:0, 18:1 omega7c, 14:0, 12:0 3-OH and 18:0. Vibrio rotiferianus sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain LMG 21460T (=CAIM 577T); it has a DNA G+C content of 44.5 +/- 0.01 mol%.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 02/2003; 53(Pt 1):239-43. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Vibrio sp. YB1T (=ATCC BAA-450T =LMG 20984T), the aetiological agent of tissue lysis of the coral Pocillopora damicornis, was characterized as a novel Vibrio species on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence, DNA-DNA hybridization data (G + C content is 45.6 mol%), AFLP and GTG5-PCR genomic fingerprinting patterns and phenotypic properties, including the cellular fatty acid profile. The predominant fatty acids were 16:0 and 18:1 omega7c. The name Vibrio coralliilyticus sp. nov. is proposed for the novel coral-pathogenic species. In addition to strain YB1T, which was isolated from the Indian Ocean, five additional strains of V. coralliilyticus have been isolated, three from diseased P. damicornis in the Red Sea, one from diseased oyster larvae (Kent, UK) and one from bivalve larvae (Brazil). The six V. coralliilyticus strains showed high genotypic and phenotypic similarities and all were pathogenic to P. damicornis. The closest phylogenetic neighbours to V. coralliilyticus are Vibrio tubiashii, Vibrio nereis and Vibrio shilonii.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 02/2003; 53(Pt 1):309-15. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Five Gram-negative bacterial strains, oxidase-positive, motile by means of more than one polar flagella, facultative anaerobe, arginine dihydrolase-negative, lysine- and ornithine decarboxylase-positive, sensitive to the vibriostatic agent O/129, were isolated from a flow-through rotifer culture system in Gent, Belgium, and previously characterized by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism. Comparison of the 16S rDNA sequence of strain LMG 21460T indicated close relationships ([~]99 % similarity) to Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. However, DNA hybridization experiments revealed similarity values below 70 % with its closest species V. campbellii and V. harveyi. Additionally, the analysed strains differ from related Vibrio species by the utilization of melibiose and production of acid from L-arabinose and amygdalin. Among the strains analysed, differences were observed in some phenotypic characters, particularly susceptibility to ampicillin, polymyxin B and amikacin, and urease activity. The major fatty acids identified were 16 : 0, 18 : 1{omega}7c, 14 : 0, 12 : 0 3-OH and 18 : 0. Vibrio rotiferianus sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain LMG 21460T (=CAIM 577T); it has a DNA G+C content of 44{middle dot}5{+/-}0{middle dot}01 mol%
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 01/2003; 53(1):239-243.
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ABSTRACT: Three strains were isolated from cultured aquatic organisms. They were Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, motile, fermentative, arginine dihydrolase-positive, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase-negative and sensitive to vibriostatic agent O/129. These strains differ from other related Vibrio species by several phenotypic features, which include acetoin and indole production and utilization of amygdalin and D-mannitol. Comparison of 16S rDNA sequences showed a close relationship to the recently described species Vibrio kanaloae (96{middle dot}6 %) and Vibrio pomeroyi (96{middle dot}4 %) and to Vibrio furnissii (96{middle dot}6 %), but DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed that the three isolates form a tight novel species with [<=]30 % DNA-DNA similarity to its closest phylogenetic neighbours. Vibrio pacinii sp. nov. is proposed, with LMG 19999T (=CAIM 530T=STD3-1057T; DNA G+C content, 44{middle dot}9 mol%) as the type strain
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 01/2003; 53(5):1569-1573.
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ABSTRACT: Twenty-two isolates originating from the gut of healthy cultured turbot larvae in Norway were investigated using a polyphasic approach. Amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting analysis showed that the isolates have typical patterns and form two main groups. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belong to the gamma-Proteobacteria, with Vibrio hollisae as their closest neighbour. DNA-DNA hybridization, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses further proved that these isolates represent a tight novel taxon that differs from currently described species in the family Vibrionaceae. It is proposed that these novel isolates be accommodated in a new genus, Enterovibrio gen. nov., with Enterovibrio norvegicus sp. nov. as the type species. Isolates were motile by a polar flagellum, positive for oxidase, catalase, arginine dihydrolase and beta-galactosidase, but negative for the Voges-Proskauer reaction. They produced indole, did not reduce nitrate and were resistant to the vibriostatic agent O/129. The DNA G+C content of E. norvegicus was 47.1-47.9 mol%. The type strain is E. norvegicus LMG 19839(T) (= CAIM 430(T)).
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 12/2002; 52(Pt 6):2015-22. · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The coral bleaching Vibrio shiloi LMG 19703T was characterized by means of Fluorescent Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (FAFLP), DNA-DNA hybridisation, mol% G+C content, fatty acids methyl ester (FAME) analysis and phenotypical tests. Numerical analysis of the FAFLP band patterns indicated that the type strain of V. shiloi in fact belongs to the species V. mediterranei. The type strains of both species shared 77% DNA similarity, as determined by DNA-DNA hybridisation experiments at stringent conditions. Moreover, V. shiloi and V. mediterranei showed almost identical fatty acid composition and phenotypical features. Collectively, the genotypic and phenotypic data presented in this study suggest that V. shiloi Kushmaro et al. 2001 should be considered a later synonym of V. mediterranei Pujalte and Garay 1986. The involvement of V. mediterranei in coral bleaching was unknown until now.
Systematic and Applied Microbiology 01/2002; 24(4):516-9. · 3.37 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Twenty-two isolates originating from the gut of healthy cultured turbot larvae in Norway were investigated using a polyphasic approach. Amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting analysis showed that the isolates have typical patterns and form two main groups. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belong to the gamma-Proteobacteria, with Vibrio hollisae as their closest neighbour. DNA-DNA hybridization, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses further proved that these isolates represent a tight novel taxon that differs from currently described species in the family Vibrionaceae. It is proposed that these novel isolates be accommodated in a new genus, Enterovibrio gen. nov., with Enterovibrio norvegicus sp. nov. as the type species. Isolates were motile by a polar flagellum, positive for oxidase, catalase, arginine dihydrolase and beta-galactosidase, but negative for the Voges-Proskauer reaction. They produced indole, did not reduce nitrate and were resistant to the vibriostatic agent O/129. The DNA G+C content of E. norvegicus was 47.1-47.9 mol%. The type strain is E. norvegicus LMG 19839(T) (= CAIM 430(T)).
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 01/2002; 52(Pt 6):2015-22.
