Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz

Publications of Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz

• Imbalance in Cytokines from Interleukin-1 Family - Role in Pathogenesis of Endometriosis.

  Authors: Justyna Sikora, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Zdzislawa Kondera-Anasz

  American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989). 04/2012;

  PROBLEM: To assess whether interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-18 and interleukin-1 converting enzyme (ICE) are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. METHOD OF STUDY: Peritoneal fluid (PF) wasPROBLEM: To assess whether interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-18 and interleukin-1 converting enzyme (ICE) are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. METHOD OF STUDY: Peritoneal fluid (PF) was obtained from 85 women with and without endometriosis. Peritoneal macrophages were cultured and the culture media collected. IL-1beta, IL-18 and ICE levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Levels of IL-1beta and ICE in PF of women with endometriosis were higher than those in the control group. However, PF level of IL-18 was significantly lower in the study group than in the controls. Higher secretion of IL-1beta by peritoneal macrophages and lower IL-18 and ICE in endometriosis patients than in control were observed. Following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, the macrophages secreted more IL-1beta, IL-18 and ICE in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results pointed to impairment of the secretion of the IL-1 cytokine family in endometriosis. Invalid IL-1beta and IL-18 maturation by ICE may be an important pathogenic factor in endometriosis.

• [Systemic lupus erythematosus--still current clinical and diagnostic problem].

  Authors: Karina Gesikowska, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Justyna Sikora, Iwona Machaj, Marta Smycz

  Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego. 02/2012; 32(188):111-5.

  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that frequently affects women of childbearing age. SLE is associated with impairments in immune system, which isSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that frequently affects women of childbearing age. SLE is associated with impairments in immune system, which is a consequence of increased production of various autoantibodies. This disease is still a major diagnostic and therapeutic problem. Some hope to explain the complex etiopathogenesis of the disease creates a monitoring function of the immune system. A chance for patients are biologically targeted therapies that affect the critical stages of the disease and autoimmune inflammatory processes.

• [Changes in calprotectin concentration--inflammation marker in serum of women with gynecological cancer].

  Authors: Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Justyna Sikora, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Martyna Nocoń

  Ginekologia polska. 11/2011; 82(11):822-6.

  Malignant tumors of the ovary and uterus remain to be a diagnostic and therapeutic problem in Poland, mainly due to the lack of effective diagnosis of their early stages. There is a relation betweenMalignant tumors of the ovary and uterus remain to be a diagnostic and therapeutic problem in Poland, mainly due to the lack of effective diagnosis of their early stages. There is a relation between an impaired immune system, especially the process of inflammation and the pathogenesis of these tumors. The aim of the study was to assess the concentration of calprotectin--a inflammation marker in the serum of women with ovarian or uterine cancer. The study group included 96 women, aged 21 to 72 (mean age: 46.7 +/- 13.6 years) with the diagnosed and histologically confirmed ovarian or uterine tumor The control group consisted of 30 women aged 24-60 (mean age 45.6 +/- 8.9 years), showing no pathological disorders or any inflammations of the reproductive system. The concentration of calprotectin was evaluated with the use of the immunoenzymatic method ELISA using the Calprotectin ELISA (serum) kit by DRG Instruments (Germany). In serum of women with tumors the calprotectin level was significantly higher comparing to the control group (p < 0.0001). The highest calprotectin levels in women with ovarian cancer (mean +/- SD: 231.84 +/- 13.74 ng/ ml) and uterine cancer (mean +/- SD: 166.23 +/- 13.36 ng/ml) were observed and were significantly higher comparing to women with ovarian serous adenomas (mean +/- SD: 72.60 +/- 9.75 ng/ml) and fibroids of the uterus (mean +/- SD: 72.31 +/- 9.19 ng/ml) (p < 0.0001). In women with ovarian and uterine cancer a significant increase in the concentration of calprotectin was observed, suggesting an inflammatory process that accompanies cancer. These changes are especially pronounced in women with cancer which probably indicates autocrine production of the protein by cancer cells. Estimation of the parameter examined in the serum may improve differential diagnosis of malignant and benign ovarian and uterine cancers, however it requires further investigation.

• Role of natural killer cell activity in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

  Authors: Justyna Sikora, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz

  Current medicinal chemistry. 01/2011; 18(2):200-8.

  Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic effector lymphocytes with the ability to lyse target cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ι-independent manner and without the need forNatural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic effector lymphocytes with the ability to lyse target cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ι-independent manner and without the need for prior antigen exposure. Data strongly suggested that NK cells play an important role in human reproduction and disturbance in their function can favor development of the gynecological disorders. In our study the role of NK cells in pathogenesis of endometriosis is reviewed and summarized from available literature. Endometriosis is related to a defect of NK cell cytotoxicity function in the ability to eliminate endometrial cells in ectopic sites. Alternations of the innate immunity mediated by NK cells may promote impairments or disrupt functions of adaptive immunity, which can contribute to development and progression of endometriosis and infertility associated with endometriosis. Aberrant immune responses by NK cells in affected women may represent risk factors for endometriosis and the repaired function can be a new treatment target of the affected women.

• [Changes in concentrations of tumor necrosis factor TNF and its soluble receptors type 1 (sTNF-r1) and type 2 (sTNF-R2) in serum of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction].

  Authors: Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Justyna Sikora, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Marta Smycz

  Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960). 01/2011; 64(2):71-4.

  Impairments of apoptosis process, called programmed cell death, are the basis of pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction. The aim of our study was to estimationImpairments of apoptosis process, called programmed cell death, are the basis of pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction. The aim of our study was to estimation dynamic changes of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and soluble receptors for TNF: type 1 (sTNF-R1) and type 2 (sTNF-R2) levels in serum of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The study group consisted of 70 patients aged 42 to 75 (mean 58.3 +/- 7.6 years) with the confirmed first episode of the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The analyzed material was blood obtained from patients at fourth time: I. - the time of admission, II. - after 12 hour, III. - after 24 hour and IV. - on 5th day. Serum TNF, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 levels were performed with the use of the immunoenzymatic method ELISA. The highest concentrations of TNF, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 at a time of admission were observed. In the next examination dates level of studied parameters decreased: after 12 hours, after 24 hours and on 5th day. In patients with myocardial infarction were observed intensify of apoptosis process, which associated with increased concentration of TNF, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2. The measurement of studied parameters might be usefulin monitoring of course myocardial infarction, which need more examinations.

• [Concentration of soluble ligand for receptor CD30 (sCD30L)--marker of apoptosis in women with ovarian tumor]

  Authors: Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Justyna Sikora, Krzysztof Sodowski, Jerzy Switała, Robert Kubina

  Ginekologia polska. 07/2009; 80(7):494-7.

  OBJECTIVES: Impairments of apoptosis processes are the basis of pathogenesis of many diseases, including ovarian tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluated the concentration of soluble ligand forOBJECTIVES: Impairments of apoptosis processes are the basis of pathogenesis of many diseases, including ovarian tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluated the concentration of soluble ligand for receptor CD30 (sCD30L)--marker of apoptosis in women with ovarian tumor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 80 women, aged from 21 to 62, and included 30 patients with Cystadenocarcinoma serosum la, 35 with Cystadenoma serosum and 15 women with Teratoma maturum. The control group consisted of 30 healthy women, aged 24 to 57, with no evidence of pathological disorders in the reproductive system. The concentration of sCD30L in the serum of all studied women and in the fluid of ovarian cyst of women with cystadenoma serous were measured by immunoenzymatic method ELISA. RESULTS: The highest level of sCD30L was observed in the serum of women with ovarian cancer and it was significantly higher when compared to the concentration in the serum of women with cystadenoma serous and teratoma maturum of the ovary (p < 0.0001). In the fluid of ovarian cyst, the concentration of this marker was significantly higher in comparison with the level in the serum (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In women with ovarian tumors we observed impairments of the apoptosis process, which is associated with an increased concentration of sCD30L in the serum. These changes are more intense in women with ovarian cancer. Higher level of the study parameter in the fluid of ovarian cyst is associated with the local immune response suppression.

• [Concetration of anticardiolipin antybodies in peritonel fluid and in fluid from lymphocytes culture in women with endometriosis]

  Authors: Justyna Sikora, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Jerzy Switała, Ewa Jaśniok

  Ginekologia polska. 06/2009; 80(6):419-23.

  AIM: The aim of our work was to study both the concentration of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis and to examine peritoneal lymphocyte ability toAIM: The aim of our work was to study both the concentration of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis and to examine peritoneal lymphocyte ability to produce anticardiolipin antibodies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study group included 30 women with endometriosis. The clinical stages of the disease were assessed by the revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) classification. Reference group included fifteen healthy women, with excluded endometriosis and other pathological disorders within the pelvis. The concentration of aCL in the peritoneal fluid and in fluid from lymphocyte culture was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ELISA assay. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed significantly increased mean concentration of aCL in peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis compared to women from the reference group (p<0.0001). The concentration of aCL in fluid from lymphocyte culture was also significantly higher in samples from women with endometriosis than from the reference group (p<0.0001). The highest mean levels of aCL in peritoneal fluid and in fluid from lymphocyte culture were observed in samples from women with stage I of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: An increased level of anticardiolipin antibodies in peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis and increased antibodies production by lymphocytes may suggest an impairment of humoral immunity and its intensification in the early stages of the disease.

• [Concentration of soluble Fas receptor (sFas) in serum of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction].

  Authors: Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Justyna Sikora, Marta Smycz, Karina Gesikowska, Joanna Podsiadło

  Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960). 01/2009; 62(4):219-25.

  Impairments ofapoptosis process, called programmed cell death, are the basis of pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction. The aim of our study was to evaluatedImpairments ofapoptosis process, called programmed cell death, are the basis of pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction. The aim of our study was to evaluated concentration of soluble receptor Fas (sFas)--marker ofapoptosis--in serum of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The study group consisted of 70 patients aged 42 to 75 (mean 58.3 +/- 7.6 years) with the confirmed first episode of the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The analyzed material was blood obtained from patients at fourth time: I. the time of admission, II. after 12 hour, III. after 24 hour and IV. on 5th day. The concentrations of the serum sFas was performed with the use of the immunoenzymatic method ELISA using commercial kits Human sAPO-1/Fas ELISA, Bender MedSystems Diagnostics GmbH, Austria. The sensitivity of the kit was 13.2 pg/ml. Concentration of sFas at a time of admission was the highest, among 50.30 and 68.70 pg/ml (mean: 58.73 +/- 5.63 pg/ml). After 12 h, the studied parameter level was significantly lower in comparison with sFas level in admission (p < 0.001), after 24 h (p < 0.0001) and on discharge from hospital (p < 0.001). In patients with myocardial infarction were observed intensify of apoptosis process, which associated with increased concentration of soluble Fas receptor. The measurement of sFas might be useful in monitoring of course myocardial infarction, which need more examinations.

• Levels of complement components iC3b, C3c, C4, and SC5b-9 in peritoneal fluid and serum of infertile women with endometriosis.

  Authors: Jacek Kabut, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Justyna Sikora, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz

  Fertility and sterility. 12/2007; 88(5):1298-303.

  OBJECTIVE: To assess whether complement components iC3b, C3c, C4, and SC5b-9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. DESIGN: Prospective, experimental trial. SETTING: MedicalOBJECTIVE: To assess whether complement components iC3b, C3c, C4, and SC5b-9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. DESIGN: Prospective, experimental trial. SETTING: Medical university. PATIENT(S): 112 women infertile women undergoing laparoscopy. INTERVENTION(S): Venipuncture and laparoscopic peritoneal fluid collection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Peritoneal fluid and serum iC3b, C3c, C4, and SC5b-9 levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. RESULT(S): Higher levels of C3c, C4, and SC5b-9 complement components were found in the serum compared with the peritoneal fluid, but the levels of iC3b were higher in the peritoneal fluid. We observed higher concentrations of C3c, C4, and SC5b-9 in the peritoneal fluid and serum of women with endometriosis compared with healthy women. However, the levels of iC3b in both peritoneal fluid and serum were statistically significantly lower than in the control group. CONCLUSION(S): The impairment of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of activation of complement system may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and endometriosis-associated infertility.

• [Monocyte activity after stimulation by serum of women with endometriosis]

  Authors: Justyna Sikora, Zdzisława Anasz-Kondera, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Andrzej Witek

  Ginekologia polska. 10/2007; 78(10):772-6.

  OBJECTIVES: Impairments of immune system play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of endometriosis. In affected women peritoneal macrophages are excessively activated, which isOBJECTIVES: Impairments of immune system play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of endometriosis. In affected women peritoneal macrophages are excessively activated, which is visible in an increased synthesis and release of macrophage-derived cytokines and growth factors. Monocytes are precursors of those cells in peripheral blood. The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of monocyte from a healthy person, after stimulation by serum of women with endometriosis in cell culture conditions. The indicator of monocyte activity was the concentration of neopterin (NPT), produced by those cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty nine women with endometriosis (mean age: 28.7+/-4.5 years) were included into this study. Among them were 18 women with moderate endometriosis (I and II stages according to AFS) and 11 women with advanced stages of the disease (III and IV stages according to AFS). Reference group consisted of fifteen healthy women (mean age: 27.4+/-5.3 years), with excluded endometriosis and other pathological disorders within the pelvis. Monocytes used in the study were isolated from peripheral blood of a healthy male and serum of women with endometriosis and control group. Monocytes were cultured in attendance of 15% and 30% serum of studied women. The concentration of NPT in the supernatants of culture was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ELISA assay. RESULTS: The serum of women with endometriosis causes an increased concentration of NPT in supernatants, when comparing with serum of healthy women (p<0. 0001). The highest concentration was observed after stimulation by serum of women with advanced endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS: Serum of women with endometriosis can have an effect on monocyte activity, which is displayed in the increased synthesis and secreted of NPT.

• [Calprotectin--structure and functions]

  Authors: Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Zofia Marek, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Justyna Sikora

  Polskie archiwum medycyny wewnȩtrznej. 04/2006; 115(3):248-53.

• Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1 soluble receptor type II (IL-1 sRII) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 Ra) in the peritoneal fluid and serum of infertile women with endometriosis.

  Authors: Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Justyna Sikora, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Monika Jońca

  European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. 01/2006; 123(2):198-203.

  OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is an immune system-related gynaecological disease, characterised by an increase in number and activation of peritoneal macrophages. One of macrophage-derived factors isOBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is an immune system-related gynaecological disease, characterised by an increase in number and activation of peritoneal macrophages. One of macrophage-derived factors is interleukin (IL)-1. The effects of IL-1 are inhibited by IL-1 receptor type II (IL-1 RII), soluble forms of IL-1 RII (IL-1 sRII) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 Ra). The aim of our work was to study the IL-1alpha, IL-1 sRII and IL-1 Ra levels in the peritoneal fluid (PF) and serum of women with endometriosis in relation to stage of disease. STUDY DESIGN: Concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-1 sRII and IL-1 Ra were measured by ELISA assay in the PF and serum of 58 women; 43 with and 15 without endometriosis (control group). RESULTS: Elevated PF and serum IL-1alpha and IL-1 Ra levels in the women with endometriosis in comparison with the control group were observed. IL-1 sRII levels in PF and serum were higher in the controls than in the women with endometriosis. Concentrations of IL-1alpha and IL-1 sRII were higher in advanced endometriosis, but higher IL-1 Ra was observed in the early stage of the disease. CONCLUSION: Impairment of regulation IL-1 activity in the peritoneal fluid and serum of women with endometriosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of the disease.

• [Toxocariasis--a current clinical and diagnostic problem]

  Authors: Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Agnieszka Kubala, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz

  Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960). 02/2005; 58(3-4):218-21.

  Toxocariasis is zoonotic disease caused by worms Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Human is its paratenic host. There are some clinical forms: Visceral larva migrans, cerebral larva migrans, ocularToxocariasis is zoonotic disease caused by worms Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Human is its paratenic host. There are some clinical forms: Visceral larva migrans, cerebral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans and covert toxocariasis. At the present time diagnostics of toxocariasis is very difficult due to polymorphism of clinical symptoms and low specificity of laboratory tests.

• [Metabolic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils in women with ovarian tumours]

  Authors: Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Jerzy Switała, Anna Piasecka

  Ginekologia polska. 09/2004; 75(8):609-14.

  OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: Neutrophils play important role in first line defence an they release soluble growth and chemotactic factors and guide the recruitment of non-specific immune effector cells. WeOBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: Neutrophils play important role in first line defence an they release soluble growth and chemotactic factors and guide the recruitment of non-specific immune effector cells. We estimated the activity and ability to reduce of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) by peripheral blood neutrophils in women with benign or malignant ovarian tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on 43 women between the ages of 19 and 72 with ovarian tumours. Cystadenoma serosum was diagnosed in 19 women, Cystadenocarcinoma serosum in 9, and teratoma adultum in 15 women. Venous blood samples were obtained prior to the operation. The control group consisted of 30 women their age range was from 22 to 60 years. In peripheral blood samples from both groups; there leukocyte counts and total neutrophils were determined. Metabolic activity was investigated by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction spontaneous (NBTsp) test, and stimulation by latexs (NBTst) test. RESULTS: In women with ovarian tumours, the index of spontaneous NBT reduction turned out to be significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.0001). In the group studied, the index of latex-stimulated NBT reduction was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Intensity oxidation-reduction changes of neutrophils in reduction NBT in women with ovarian tumours were observed.

• Leukemia inhibitory factor: an important regulator of endometrial function.

  Authors: Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Justyna Sikora, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz

  American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989). 09/2004; 52(2):97-105.

  PROBLEM: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is multifunctional cytokine that displays biological activities in different cells, including endometrial cells. The aim of this study is to describePROBLEM: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is multifunctional cytokine that displays biological activities in different cells, including endometrial cells. The aim of this study is to describe implications of LIF on a physiological function of endometrium. METHOD OF STUDY: The role of LIF in the endometrial function is reviewed and summarized from the available literature. RESULTS: LIF plays an important role in a physiological function of endometrium. In human endometrial LIF expression depends on cellular localizations, steroid hormones, menstrual stages and a local cytokine network. Stronger LIF expression exists in an endometrial epithelium during a luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, which coincides with the time of an implantation. The impairments of the endometrial LIF expression may play a significant role in the pathological processes involving implantation and the infertility. CONCLUSIONS: There is a substantial evidence that LIF is a potential regulator of the endometrial function and might be one of the factors that play a key role in human reproduction.

• [Significantly increased interleukin-1A and interleukin-1 soluble type II receptor levels in women with ovarian cancer]

  Authors: Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Jerzy Switała

  Ginekologia polska. 10/2003; 74(9):761-6.

  OBJECTIVES: Recent studies indicate that interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) is an autocrine growth factor for some ovarian cancer cells and suggest that IL-1 alpha plays an important role in theOBJECTIVES: Recent studies indicate that interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) is an autocrine growth factor for some ovarian cancer cells and suggest that IL-1 alpha plays an important role in the progression of this disease. However, soluble IL-1 receptors as IL-1 sRII, can modulate the effects of IL-1 alpha by acting as IL-1 alpha antagonists. The aim of our study was to compare serum IL-1 alpha and IL-1 sRII levels in patients with benign and malignant gynaecological tumours and in control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pretreatment serum samples were obtained from 72 women with gynaecological tumors. This study included 37 patients with gynaecological cancers (21 with cervical cancer, 16 with ovarian cancer), and 35 women with benign gynaecological disorders (20 with ovarian tumour, 15 with uterine myoma). As a control group, sera were obtained from 20 healthy female volunteers. The levels of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 sRII were measured by ELISA (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, USA). RESULTS: Serum IL-1 alpha and IL-1 sRII levels in women with ovarian cancers were significantly higher than those in cervical cancer, and in patients with benign disorders, and in healthy control (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggests that IL-1 alpha has a strong association with ovarian cancer.

• [Subpopulations of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with non-toxic thyroid nodular goitre]

  Authors: Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz, Zdzisława Kondera-Anasz, Anna Mertas, Ewa Rudowska, Joanna Bobrowska-Raczka

  Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960). 02/2003; 56(1-2):24-7.

  The aim of the research was to establish the role, which is played by the immune system is in the pathogenesis of non-toxic thyroid nodular goitre. For this purpose the expression of phenotypicThe aim of the research was to establish the role, which is played by the immune system is in the pathogenesis of non-toxic thyroid nodular goitre. For this purpose the expression of phenotypic markers of T-helper (CD4) and T-suppressor/cytotoxic (CD8) lymphocytes was estimated. The study was performed on 27 patients with histopathologically confirmed non-toxic thyroid nodular goitre. The control group consisted of 28 healthy blood donors. In patients with thyroid goitre the percentage of lymphocytes was significantly higher than in the control group (p < or = 0.0001). Likewise the percentage of T-helper (CD4) and T-suppressor/cytotoxic (CD8) lymphocytes as well as the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher in patients with thyroid goitre. The results of this study show that the immune system has important role in pathogenesis and development of non-toxic thyroid nodular goitre.