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ABSTRACT: Abstract Nanotechnology has been introduced into dermatology for years. Nanoemulsions (NEs) are promising drug delivery systems with practical applications for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industry applications. Herein, we provide an overview of the application of NEs in dermatology during the latest 5 years. We reviewed the antioxidants in NEs form, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug loaded by NE, NEs in photodynamic therapy, NEs in decontamination of radionuclides, antimicrobial NEs, NEs carrying lipids, NEs containing Octyl Methoxycinnamate, et al. NEs demonstrate good stability, stable physical and chemical properties. NEs are able to enhance the functionality and efficacy of active chemicals and natural ingredients. NEs exhibit great application potential in the field of dermatology.
Journal of Drug Targeting 04/2013; · 2.70 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The sensitization and elicitation phases are involved in the immunopathogenesis of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). Langerhans cells (LCs) are believed to play pivotal roles in the sensitization stage of CHS. Local hyperthermia on skin induces the migration as well as maturation of epidermal LCs. Although fever-range whole body hyperthermia and local hyperthermia at 43°C prior to sensitization were reported to suppress CHS, the effects of different temperatures and the timing sequence of local hyperthermia on CHS have not been tackled.
Local hyperthermia was applied to murine dorsal skin 3 days prior to, concurrent with, or 2 days post sensitization with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) in BALB/c mice. Local hyperthermia temperatures at 37°C, 39°C, 41°C and 43°C were applied to mouse dorsal skin and the severity of CHS was calculated by measuring the swelling response of the challenged ears.
Local hyperthermia at 39°C, 41°C and 43°C prior to sensitization reduced the severity of CHS, as compared with that at 37°C. The suppression of CHS was temperature dependant in that higher temperature had a stronger effect. On the contrary, the hyperthermia treatments, either concurrent with or post-sensitization, resulted in an enhanced temperature-dependant ear swelling response.
The severity of murine CHS could be influenced by local hyperthermia at the sensitization stage in a temperature dependant manner. The temporal effect of local hyperthermia suggested a novel factor in interpreting the severity of allergic contact dermatitis.
Chinese medical journal 04/2013; 126(8):1555-9. · 0.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The objective of the study was to investigate whether a topical antioxidant complex containing vitamins C and E and ferulic acid can protect solar-simulated ultraviolet irradiation (ssUVR)-induced acute photodamage in human skin.
Twelve healthy female Chinese subjects were enrolled in this study. Four unexposed sites on dorsal skin were marked for the experiment. The products containing antioxidant complex and vehicle were applied onto 2 sites, respectively, for 4 consecutive days. On day 4, the antioxidant complex-treated site, the vehicle-treated site, and the untreated site (positive control) received ssUVR (5 times the minimal erythema dose). The fourth site (negative control) received neither ssUVR nor treatment. Digital photographs were taken, and skin color was measured pre- and postirradiation. Skin biopsies were obtained 24 hours after exposure to ssUVR, for hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining.
A single, 5 times the minimal erythema dose of ssUVR substantially induced large amounts of sunburn cell formation, thymine dimer formation, overexpression of p53 protein, and depletion of CD1a+ Langerhans cells. The antioxidant complex containing vitamins C and E and ferulic acid conferred significant protection against biological events compared with other irradiated sites.
A topical antioxidant complex containing vitamins C and E and ferulic acid has potential photoprotective effects against ssUVR-induced acute photodamage in human skin.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(4):464-468.
Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD 04/2013; 12(4):464-8. · 1.57 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ultrapulse-mode (UPCO2 ) and superpulse-mode (SPCO2 ) fractional carbon dioxide lasers have been widely used to treat photo-aged skin, acne scars, and other skin conditions. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of new SPCO2 and UPCO2 lasers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven healthy Chinese women received one pass of UPCO2 treatment on the left back and SPCO2 treatment on the right back. Pulse energies were 15 mJ at a density of 5%. Clinical outcomes and side effects were evaluated. Dermatoscope, in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and high-frequency ultrasonic equipment were used to observe skin responses noninvasively. Biopsies were taken for histologic evaluation. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two sides with regard to pain, edema, crust formation, erythema, or pigmentation. Histopathology showed that SPCO2 treatment could penetrate as deep as UPCO2 . The two modes have similar efficacy in stimulating the synthesis and remodeling of collagen and elastin according to hematoxylin and eosin and Verhoeff-iron-hematoxylin stains, and the ultrasonography images showed a remarkable increase in skin thickness and density on both sides. CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference between UPCO2 and SPCO2 treatment on back skin in clinical side effects, histologic findings, RCM, or ultrasonographic observation.
Dermatologic Surgery 03/2013; · 1.80 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background: Studies of lasers or intense pulsed light (IPL) on facial port wine stain (PWS) were frequently reported. Neck PWS was seldom concerned. Objective: This paper was aimed to identify the efficacy and safety of IPL in the treatment of neck PWS in Chinese patients. Methods: Twenty-nine Chinese patients with neck PWS were enrolled to receive IPL therapy for five sessions at an interval of 4- to 5 weeks. The parameters were set as cut-off filters of 560 nm, single pulse with pulse width of 6 ms and fluence of 20-24 J/cm2 or double pulse with pulse width of 4.5-5.0 ms, pulse delay of 15-30 ms, and fluence of 18-25 J/cm2. The efficacy was evaluated using subjective assessment and non-invasive measurement. The adverse effects were recorded. Results: Over 60% patients achieved more than 50% improvement and over 50% participants were very satisfied or satisfied with the treatment. The participants less than 18 years old achieved better efficacy than the participants over 18 years old. The red or purple lesions gained better response to IPL treatment than the pink lesions. Adverse effects were limited. Conclusion: IPL is effective in neck PWS of Chinese population. Adverse effects were minimal and acceptable.
Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy 03/2013; · 0.98 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) has been reported to be associated with significant morbidities and a considerable mortality rate. We retrospectively studied 94 patients with BP in a Chinese tertiary medical center between 2005 and 2010 to evaluate the treatment of BP and prognostic factors for the mortality of BP. Cerebrovascular diseases (42.55%) and hypertension (39.36%) were the most common pre-existing conditions. Cardiopathy, diabetes and psoriasis pre-existed in 24.47%, 22.34% and 5.32%, respectively. Eighty of all 94 patients were treated by systemic corticosteroid at prednisone 0.3 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg daily. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year or until the time of death. The mean duration of follow-up was 32 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 1-year survival probability of 76.6% (standard error 4.4%), with a 95% confidence interval (68.04%, 85.16%). Multivariate analysis revealed that increased age, bedridden condition, presence of cerebrovascular diseases at diagnosis, pre-existing cardiopathy and low serum albumin level were associated with the elevated 1-year mortality rate of BP.
European journal of dermatology : EJD. 02/2013;
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European journal of dermatology : EJD. 02/2013;
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International journal of dermatology 02/2013; 52(2):261-2. · 1.18 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background: Genital warts are more extensive and difficult to treat in patients with diabetes mellitus due to defective immune responses. Purpose: Our aim was to confirm the suitability of local hyperthermia for the treatment of genital warts in patients with diabetes mellitus and to investigate the immune cells in lesional areas at different time intervals after treatment. Methods: We treated three diabetic patients with extensive genital warts by local hyperthermia at 44 °C for 30 min a day for 3 consecutive days plus 2 additional days 1 week later, then once a week till there showed signs of clinical clearance. Immunohistochemical profile was described on serial biopsies from a patient with confluent plaques. Results: The warty lesions in the patients resolved in 6, 4 and 9 weeks, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining in the regressing warts revealed abundant infiltrating CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes (P < 0.01), as well as macrophages and CD1a+ dendritic cells. Conclusions: This preliminary study suggested that local hyperthermia was a safe and effective single modality in the treatment of genital warts in diabetic patients and could induce a rapid immune response in lesional skin.
International Journal of Hyperthermia 01/2013; 29(1):17-20. · 1.92 Impact Factor
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Cutis; cutaneous medicine for the practitioner 12/2012; 90(6):315-6. · 0.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Immunosenescence is a result of progressive decline in immune system function with advancing age. Epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs), belonging to the dendritic cell (DC) family, act as sentinels to play key roles in the skin immune responses. However, it has not been fully elucidated how aging affects development and function of LCs. Here, we systemically analyzed LC development and function during the aging process in C57BL/6J mice, and performed global microRNA (miRNA) gene expression profiles in aged and young LCs. We found that the frequency and maturation of epidermal LCs were significantly reduced in aged mice starting at 12 months of age, while the Langerin expression and ability to phagocytose Dextran in aged LCs were increased compared to LCs from < 6 month old mice. The migration of LCs to draining lymph nodes was comparable between aged and young mice. Functionally, aged LCs were impaired in their capacity to induce OVA-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation. Furthermore, the expression of miRNAs in aged epidermal LCs showed a distinct profile compared to young LCs. Most interestingly, aging-regulated miRNAs potentially target TGF-β-dependent and non- TGF-β-dependent signal pathways related to LCs. Overall, our data suggests that aging affects LCs development and function, and that age-regulated miRNAs may contribute to the LC developmental and functional changes in aging.
Aging 11/2012; · 5.13 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background: Both ultrapulse-mode and superpulse-mode fractional CO2 lasers (UPCO2 and SPCO2) could be successfully used in treating photoaged skin. Objective: This evidence-based study was intended to compare the therapeutic and adverse effects of UPCO2 and SPCO2 in treating photoaged skin in Chinese subjects. Methods: Eighteen Chinese subjects with Fitzpatrick skin type IV were enrolled in a randomized, split-face trial. Subjects received SPCO2 on one half of the face and UPCO2 on the other half. Before and after photos, skin color, epidermal water content, sebum level, periorbital wrinkles, skin roughness, and self-esteem questionnaires were used. Results: Global evaluation and subjects' self-esteem assessments showed a similar trend at 1-month and 3-month follow-up visits on both sides. The UPCO2 laser has a shorter downtime of 6.25±2.71 days compared with 6.41±2.67 days for SPCO2, but has a higher incidence of edema, spot bleeding, prolonged redness and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. More subjects prefer SPCO2 treatment because of similar efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Conclusion: The effectiveness of the SPCO2 laser in treating photoaged skin is very similar to the UPCO2 laser, with less erythema, but more crusting and longer downtime. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(11):1310-1314.
Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD 11/2012; 11(11):1310-4. · 1.57 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Baicalein, one of the four major flavanoids extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, has been shown to exert chemopreventive effect against several cancers, including skin cancer. However, the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the chemopreventive activity of baicalein against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-mediated skin tumorigenesis in C57BL/6 mice. We found that topical treatment with baicalein resulted in a significant inhibitory effect on DMBA/TPA-mediated tumor promotion. Furthermore, we observed that baicalein suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in DMBA/TPA-mediated group. Additionally, pretreatment with baicalein inhibited the production of inflammatory cells in DMBA/TPA-induced skin/tumors. Further experiments showed that baicalein reduced TPA-induced skin hyperplasia as well as infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the dermis. In conclusion, our data suggest that baicalein inhibits DMBA/TPA-induced skin tumorigenesis by suppressing proliferation and inflammation and promoting apoptosis.
Inflammation 10/2012; · 1.75 Impact Factor
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Xian-Fa Tang,
Zheng Zhang,
Da-Yan Hu,
Ai-E Xu,
Hai-Sheng Zhou,
Liang-Dan Sun,
Min Gao,
Tian-Wen Gao,
Xing-Hua Gao, Hong-Duo Chen, [......],
Jia-Qiang Wu,
Kai Li,
Ming-Wan Su,
Wei-Dong Du,
Wei-Jia Zhang,
Jian-Jun Liu,
Lei-Hong Xiang,
Sen Yang,
You-Wen Zhou,
Xue-Jun Zhang
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ABSTRACT: To identify susceptibility loci for vitiligo, we extended our previous vitiligo genome-wide association study with a two-staged replication study that included 6,857 cases and 12,025 controls from the Chinese Han population. We identified three susceptibility loci, 12q13.2 (rs10876864, P(combined)=8.07 × 10(-12), odds ratio (OR)=1.18), 11q23.3 (rs638893, P(combined)=2.47 × 10(-9), OR=1.22), and 10q22.1 (rs1417210, P(combined)=1.83 × 10(-8), OR=0.88), and confirmed three previously reported loci for vitiligo, 3q28 (rs9851967, P(combined)=8.57 × 10(-8), OR=0.88), 10p15.1 (rs3134883, P(combined)=1.01 × 10(-5), OR=1.11), and 22q12.3 (rs2051582, P(combined)=2.12 × 10(-5), OR=1.14), in the Chinese Han population. The most significant single-nucleotide polymorphism in the 12q13.2 locus is located immediately upstream of the promoter region of PMEL, which encodes a major melanocyte antigen and has expression loss in the vitiligo lesional skin. In addition, both 12q13.2 and 11q23.3 loci identified in this study are also associated with other autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and systemic lupus erythematosus. These findings provide indirect support that vitiligo pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between immune regulatory factors and melanocyte-specific factors. They also highlight similarities and differences in the genetic basis of vitiligo in Chinese and Caucasian populations.Journal of Investigative Dermatology advance online publication, 6 September 2012; doi:10.1038/jid.2012.320.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 09/2012; · 6.31 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: C1 inhibitor (C1INH) plays an important role in the classical pathway of the complement system. Mutations in C1INH gene cause quantitative or qualitative deficiencies in C1INH, which can lead to hereditary angioedema (HAE) type I or II. Here, we identified a novel frame-shift mutation c.1391-1445del55 (p.v464fsx556) in exon 8 in a large Chinese family with HAE type I. This 55 base pairs deletion abolishes the original stop codon and introduces a new stop codon 220 bp downstream of the original one, and leads to mutated C1INH protein prolonged from 500 to 556 amino acids. The levels of C4 and C1INH as well as C1INH activity in serum were significantly reduced in affected individuals. This is the first report of a novel mutation abolishing the physiological stop codon of C1INH gene in a large Chinese family with HAE type I.
Experimental Dermatology 08/2012; 21(10):788-91. · 3.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Facial common wart is a disfiguring condition caused by human papilloma virus infection. Choices to treat facial warts should be cautious, in consideration of adverse cosmetic consequences. Two cases of facial common warts were treated by local hyperthermia at 44°C for 30 minutes, once a day for three consecutive days (the first session), and similarly treated a week later for more 2 days (second session). The warts completely disappeared in 10 and 12 weeks, respectively in the two patients. Adverse effect was tolerable burning sensation in the two patients and a temporary heat-induced blistering in one of them. This pioneer trial suggested that mild hyperthermia is a safe and effective method in treating facial common warts.
Dermatologic Therapy 07/2012; 25(4):386-8. · 1.69 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Darier disease is an autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease that is susceptible to secondary bacterial or fungal infections, but rarely to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Multiple or extensive warts from HPV remain a therapeutic challenge, but local hyperthermia is effective. We treated a patient with Darier disease who had superimposed warts in the genital and neck regions.
The patient was treated with tolerable local hyperthermia with infrared light from a halogen lamp (surface temperature, 40°C) to a single target lesion on the genitalia (30 min daily) for 3 consecutive days.
Within 2 weeks, the target lesion cleared and synchronous regression of untreated lesions on the neck was observed.
In Darier disease, local hyperthermia treatment of HPV warts in 1 region was effective in treating multiple lesions, including lesions at a remote site, possibly by promoting an immune response against HPV.
International Journal of Hyperthermia 06/2012; 28(5):451-5. · 1.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Recessive congenital methemoglobinemia (RCM) is a very rare disorder caused by NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (cb5r) deficiency. Two distinct clinical forms, types I and II, caused by cb5r deficiency have been recognized. In type I, the enzyme deficiency is restricted only to erythrocytes with cyanosis being the only major symptom. In contrast, in type II, the enzyme deficiency is generalized to all tissues and associated with neurological impairment, mental and growth retardation and reduced life expectancy, in addition to cyanosis. Recently, we conducted a study on an 11-year-old boy with cb5r deficiency type I. The mutational analysis of the CYB5R3 gene revealed that the boy is homozygous for L72P mutation. Surprisingly, his mother is heterozygous for this L72P mutant, but not his father. Thirteen microsatellite markers of chromosome 22 were selected to analyze the origins of the patient's chromosome 22. The result showed that both of the chromosome 22(s) of this patient came from the maternal side (uniparental heterodisomy of chromosome 22 with segmental isodisomy). This is the first case report of a patient with cb5r deficiency type I resulting from uniparental disomy and also discloses an alternate mechanism whereby this enzymatic disorder can be derived from a single parent.
Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases 05/2012; 49(2):114-7. · 2.35 Impact Factor
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European journal of dermatology: EJD 03/2012; 22(3):426-7. · 2.53 Impact Factor
