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Process Biochemistry 09/2013; · 2.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Poria cocos Wolf (Polyporaceae) is a well-known medicinal fungus. the epidermis of the sclerotia ("Fu-Ling-Pi" in Chinese) is used as a diuretic and traditionally used for promoting urination and reduce edema. AIM OF THE STUDY: Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) treat many diseases through multi-components, multi-ways and multi-targets. However, the molecular mechanisms of TCM are not yet well understood. In the present work, ultra performance liquid chromatography-based metabonomics analysis was applied to investigate the urinary metabolite profiling of the renoprotective effect of FLP on adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) rat model and involved possible mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A metabonomic approach based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight high-sensitivity mass spectrometry and a novel mass spectrometry(Elevated Energy) data collection technique was developed. The resulting dataset was analyzed by principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis. The identification of all potential biomarkers was performed using reference standard by comparing their mass spectra, MS(E) fragments information, isotopic pattern and MassLynx i-FIT algorithm. RESULTS: By partial least squares-discriminate analysis analyses, 15 biomarkers in rat urine were identified and 11 of them were related to the pathway of adenine metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Among these biomarkers, eight biomarkers like adenine, L-acetylcarnitine, 8-hydroxyadenine, hypoxanthine, creatine, methionine, phytosphingosine and phenylalanine were reversed to the control level in FLP-treated groups and six biomarkers like 2,8-dihydroxyadenine, indole-3-carboxylic acid, 3-methyldioxyindole, ethyl-N2-acetyl-L-argininate, 3-O-methyldopa and xanthurenic acid were reversed to high normal group by FLP, which indicates that the urinary metabolic pattern significantly changed after FLP treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that FLP treatment can ameliorate CKD by intervening in some dominating metabolic pathways, such as adenine metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The metabonomic results not only supplied a systematic view of the development and progression of CKD and mechanism studies of FLP but also provided the theoretical basis for the prevention or treatment of CKD.
Journal of ethnopharmacology 04/2013; · 2.32 Impact Factor
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Journal of Ethnopharmacology 04/2013; · 3.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The surface layer of Poria cocos (Fu-Ling-Pi, FLP) is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine and its diuretic effect was confirmed in rat. Ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight high-sensitivity mass spectrometry and a novel mass spectrometry(Elevated Energy) data collection technique was employed to investigate metabonomic characteristics of chronic kidney disease (CKD) induced from adenine excess and the protective effects of FLP. Multiple metabolites are detected in the CKD and are correlated with progressive renal injury. Among these biomarkers, lysoPC(18∶0), tetracosahexaenoic acid, lysoPC(18∶2), creatinine, lysoPC (16∶0) and lysoPE(22∶0/0∶0) in the FLP-treated group were completely reversed to levels in the control group which lacked CKD. Combined with biochemistry and histopathology results, the changes in serum metabolites indicate that the perturbations of phospholipids metabolism, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism are related to adenine-induced CKD and to the interventions of FLP on all the three metabolic pathways. FLP may regulate the metabolism of these biomarkers, especially their efficient utilization within the context of CKD. Furthermore, these biomarkers might serve as characteristics to explain the mechanisms of FLP.
PLoS ONE 03/2013; 8(3):e59617. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 03/2013; 36(6):717–730. · 0.71 Impact Factor
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Journal of Proteome Research 02/2013; 12(2):692-703. · 5.11 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (ergone), isolated from the medicinal fungus Polyporus umbellatus, has been proven to prevent the progression of renal injury and the subsequent renal fibrosis. Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight high-sensitivity mass spectrometry and a novel mass spectrometry(Elevated Energy) (MS(E)) data collection technique was employed to investigate metabonomic characters of chronic renal failure (CRF) induced adenine and the protective effects of ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (ergone). Coupled with blood biochemistry and kidney histopathology results, the significant difference in metabolic profiling between adenine-induced CRF group and ergone-treated CRF group by using pattern recognition analysis indicated that changes in global faecal metabolites were occurred. Seven endogenous metabolites were identified by using metabonomic method combined with multivariate data analysis, the accurate mass, isotopic pattern, MS(E) fragments information and MassLynx i-FIT algorithm. These biochemical changes in faecal metabolites are related to the perturbations of bile acid metabolism and phospholipid metabolism, which may be helpful to further understand the CRF and therapeutic mechanisms of ergone. This research proved that MS(E) can simultaneous acquire precursor ion information and fragment ion data at high and low collision energy in one analytical run, which facilitated the fast structural characterization of metabolites.
Chemico-biological interactions 12/2012; · 2.46 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a worldwide public health problem. In this study, a kidney metabonomics method based on the ultra performance liquid chromatography/high-sensitivity mass spectrometry with MS(E) data collection technique was undertaken to explore the excretion pattern of low molecular mass metabolites in rat model of adenine-induced chronic renal failure (CRF). Coupled with blood biochemistry and kidney histopathology results, the significant difference in metabolic profiling between adenine-induced CRF group and the control group by using pattern recognition analysis indicated that changes in global tissue metabolites were occurred. Some significantly changed metabolites like fatty acids, p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate have been identified. The results showed that the most important CRF-related metabolites were polyunsaturated fatty acids, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate. Indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate (uremic toxins) were significantly increased in CRF rats. Indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate stimulates progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis by increasing the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). These biochemical changes in tissue metabolites are related to the perturbations of fatty acid metabolism and amino metabolism, which may be helpful to further understand the TGF-β1 mechanisms of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The work shows that the metabonomics method is a valuable tool for studying the essence of chronic kidney disease.
Journal of Proteome Research 12/2012; · 5.11 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG) from Polygoni multiflori has been demonstrated to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities. Ultra-performance LC-quadrupole TOF-MS with MS Elevated Energy data collection technique and rapid resolution LC with diode array detection and ESI multistage MS(n) methods were developed for the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, metabolism, and excretion studies of THSG in rats following a single intravenous or oral dose. The three metabolites were identified by rapid resolution LC-MS(n) . The concentrations of the THSG in rat plasma, bile, urine, feces, or tissue samples were determined by ultra-performance LC-MS. The results showed that THSG was rapidly distributed and eliminated from rat plasma. After the intravenous administration, THSG was mainly distributing in the liver, heart, and lung. For the rat, the major distribution tissues after oral administration were heart, kidney, liver, and lung. There was no long-term storage of THSG in rat tissues. Total recoveries of THSG within 24 h were low (0.1% in bile, 0.007% in urine, and 0.063% in feces) and THSG was excreted mainly in the forms of metabolites, which may resulted from biotransformation in the liver.
Journal of Separation Science 11/2012; · 2.73 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background: Ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (ergone) has been proved to prevent the progression of renal injury and the subsequent renal fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of ergone on a chronic renal failure model of rats induced by adenine.
Methods: A serum metabonomics method based on the ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was undertaken to explore the excretion pattern of low molecular mass metabolites.
Results: Coupled with blood biochemistry and kidney histopathology results, the significant difference in metabolic profiling between adenine-induced chronic renal failure group and the ergone treated group by using pattern recognition analysis indicated that changes in global serum metabolites were occurred. Some significantly changed metabolites like lysophosphatidylcholines, adenine, dopamine, creatinine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine have been found and identified. These biochemical changes in serum metabolites are related to the perturbations of amino acid metabolism and lecithin metabolism, which may be helpful to further understand the chronic renal failure and therapeutic mechanisms of ergone.
Conclusion: The work shows that the metabonomics method is a valuable tool for studying the essence of chronic kidney disease and therapeutic effect mechanism of preclinical or clinical drug.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 10/2012; 413(19-20):1438-1445. · 2.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the chemical constituents in water-soluble fraction of Carthamus tinctorius.
Compounds were isolated and purified by macroporus resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by spectral analysis.
Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (1); E-1-(4'-hydroxypheny) -but-1-en-3-one (2); 3-Formylindole (3); 2-Acetyl-5-hydroxymethylfuran (4); p-Hydroxycinnamic acid (5); (6R, 7E, 9R) -9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmandien-3-one (6); 4-hydroxyacetophenone (7); 5-(hydroxymethyl) -2-furaldehyde (8); 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (9); Stigmasterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10); Daucosterol (11); beta-sitosterol (12).
Compounds 1 - 4, 6, 7, 10 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials 10/2012; 35(10):1616-9.
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ABSTRACT: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a major challenge for the public healthcare problem. A novel UPLC Q-TOF/MS method with MS(E) data collection mode was developed as a very effective biochemical analytical tool for precise identification of important biomarkers in the adenine-induced CRF rats. Nine endogenous metabolites were identified by using metabonomic method combined with multivariate data analysis, the accurate mass, isotopic pattern, MS(E) fragments information and MassLynx i-FIT algorithm. The identified metabolites indicated the perturbations of bile acid and phospholipid metabolism are related to CRF rats. This work shows that metabonomics method is a valuable tool in CRF mechanism study.
Biomarkers 10/2012; · 2.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (ergone) has been proved to have novel antitumor effects on HepG2 cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and biliary excretion of ergone in rats following a single oral administration (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg). The levels of ergone in plasma, tissues, and bile were measured by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (ESCi)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry with novel mass spectrometry(Elevated Energy) (MS(E)) data collection technique method. The results show ergone was distributed and eliminated from rat plasma and in non-linear pharmacokinetics from a dose range of 5-20 mg/kg. The ergone was found to distribute widely in the internal organs, with tissue concentrations in order of lungs, spleen, liver, intestine, kidneys, heart, stomach, parorchis, teasticles, and brain. At 12 h after dosing, the tissue concentrations in the organs were markedly decreased. The lungs, spleen, and liver were the dominant organs with high tissue concentrations that might be the primary sites for metabolism and elimination of ergone. Total recoveries of ergone within 24 h in bile were 34.14%.
Journal of Separation Science 07/2012; 35(13):1619-26. · 2.73 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Red ginseng is a precious and widely used traditional Chinese medicine. At present, Chinese red ginseng and Korean ginseng are both commonly found on the market. To rapidly and nondestructively discriminate between Chinese red ginseng and Korean ginseng, an electronic nose coupled with chemometrics was developed. Different red ginseng samples, including Chinese red ginseng (n=30) and Korean ginseng (South Korean red ginseng and North Korean red ginseng n=26), were collected. The metal oxide sensors on an electronic nose were used to measure the red ginseng samples. Multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant factorial analysis (DFA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), were employed. All of the samples were analyzed by PCA. Most of the samples were used to set up DFA and SIMCA models, and then the remaining samples (Nos. 9, 10, 17, 18, 29, 30, 34, 43, 44, 50, and 51) were projected onto the DFA and SIMCA models in the form of black dots to validate the models. The results indicated that Chinese red ginseng and Korean ginseng were successfully discriminated using the electronic nose coupled with PCA, DFA and SIMCA. The checking scores of the DFA and SIMCA models were 100. The samples projected onto the DFA and SIMCA models were all correctly discriminated. The DFA and SIMCA models were robust. Electronic nose technology is a rapid, accurate, sensitive and nondestructive method to discriminate between Chinese red ginseng and Korean ginseng.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 06/2012; 70:605-8. · 2.45 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To study the effect of inorganic fertilizer on the heavy metal and harmful element residues, the content of total ginsenoside and yield of ginseng.
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used for determinating the content of lead, cadmium, copper, nickel and chrome atomic fluorescence spectrometry for arsenic, antimony and mercury. The content of ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1 was determined by HPLC.
Compared with the blank ginseng, the ginseng in the normal fertilization did not significantly increase the content of heavy metals. The heavy metals and harmful elements of ginseng met the requirement of Chp 2010.
Appropriate fertilizer could help the growth of ginseng. Compared with the production, it should focus more on the content of total ginsenoside.
Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials 06/2012; 35(6):847-50.
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Journal of Separation Science 05/2012; · 2.73 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination
of eight marker components, ginsenoside Rf, Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, Rg3, 20(S)-ginsenoside F2 and schizandrin, present in traditional Chinese medicinal Yi-Qi-Fu-Mai preparations. Samples were prepared using a solid
phase extraction procedure. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Waters Symmetry C18 column (4.6×250mm, 5μm) by stepwise gradient elution with water (0.05% phosphoric acid, v/v) and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Good linear relationships between were observed between peak areas and concentrations
with r
2 values above 0.9990 for all the analytes. Average recoveries for the eight markers ranged from 97.7 to 100.4%. This method
was found to be rapid, sensitive, accurate, and could be readily applied to the quality assessment of Yi-Qi-Fu-Mai preparations.
Chromatographia 04/2012; 70(5):969-974. · 1.20 Impact Factor
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Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 04/2012; 413(5–6):642–649. · 2.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method coupled with a principal component analysis (PCA) was developed and applied toward identifying donkey-hide gelatin, bovine-hide gelatin, pig-hide gelatin, tortoise shell glue, and deerhorn glue. The UPLC-MS data of the trypsin digested samples were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) in order to classify these five gelatins. Additionally, marker peptides given by the loadings plot of PCA were identified based on a comparison of recorded LC-MS data with a previously reported database of the corresponding gelatin variants. The results from this study indicate that the proposed method is reliable, and it has been successfully applied to the identification of variants of gelatins commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 03/2012; 62:191-5. · 2.45 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a serious clinical symptom, occurring as the end result of all kinds of chronic kidney disease and its pathophysiological mechanism is not yet well understood. We investigated the metabolic profiling of urine samples from CRF model rats to find potential disease biomarkers and research pathology of CRF.
An animal model of CRF was produced by adenine. Metabolic profiling of the urine was performed by using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC Q-TOF/MS). Acquired data were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) for differentiating the CRF and the normal control groups. Potential biomarkers were screened by using S-plot and were identified by the accurate mass, isotopic pattern and MS(E) fragments information obtained from UPLC Q-TOF/MS analysis.
12 metabolites in urine were identified as potential biomarkers. Adenine-induced CRF rats were characterized by the increase of phytosphingosine, adrenosterone, tryptophan, 2,8-dihydroxyadenine, creatinine, and dihydrosphingosine together with the decrease of N-acetylleucine, 3-O-methyldopa, ethyl-N2-acetyl-L-argininate, dopamine, phenylalanine and kynurenic acid in urine. The altered metabolites demonstrated perturbations of amino acids metabolism, phospholipids metabolism and creatinine metabolism in CRF rats.
This work shows that metabonomics method is a valuable tool in CRF mechanism study and assists in clinical diagnosis of CRF.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 03/2012; 413(5-6):642-9. · 2.54 Impact Factor
