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ABSTRACT: We have employed density functional theory (DFT) protocols to calculate the NMR properties of the vannusals, a class of natural products whose structures have been the subject of recent investigations. The originally assigned structure of vannusal B was revised after a long synthetic journey which generated a series of closely related diastereomers. In this work we show how DFT calculations based on density functionals and basis sets designed for the prediction of NMR spectra (M06/pcS-2 level of theory) can be used to reproduce the observed parameters, thereby offering to the synthetic chemist a useful tool to discard or accept putative structures of unknown organic molecules.
Journal of the American Chemical Society 03/2011; 133(15):6072-7. · 9.91 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Having determined through total synthesis that the originally assigned structure of vannusals A and B were incorrect, we set out to uncover the identity of the true structures of these novel marine natural products. Our search was based on intelligence gathered by NMR spectroscopy and chemical synthesis and took us through the total synthesis of eight diastereomeric vannusal B structures [2, d-2, 3, d-3, 4, d-4, 5, and d-5, Figure 2]. The true structures of vannusals A and B were finally determined to be d-5 and d-1, respectively. Their total synthesis was based on a highly convergent and efficient strategy that involved fragments vinyl iodide (-)-6 and aldehyde (+/-)-94, and featured a stereoselective lithium-mediated coupling reaction and a samarium-induced cyclization process that forged the final ring of the carbon framework. The synthetic strategies and technologies developed in these investigations expand the scope of chemical synthesis and render these compounds readily available for biological evaluation, while the NMR spectroscopic insights gained should prove useful in future structural determination endeavors.
Journal of the American Chemical Society 05/2010; 132(20):7153-76. · 9.91 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The total synthesis of the originally assigned structure of vannusal B (2) and its diastereomer (d-2) are described. Initial forays into these structures with model systems revealed the viability of a metathesis-based approach and a SmI(2)-mediated strategy for the key cyclization to forge the central region of the molecule, ring C. The former approach was abandoned in favor of the latter when more functionalized substrates failed to enter the cyclization process. The successful, devised convergent strategy based on the SmI(2)-mediated ring closure utilized vinyl iodide (-)-26 and aldehyde fragment (+/-)-86 as key building blocks, whose lithium-mediated coupling led to isomeric coupling products (+)-87 and (-)-88 (as shown in Scheme 17 in the article). Intermediate (-)-88 was converted, via (-)-89 and (-)-90/(+)-91, to vannusal B structure 2 (as shown in Scheme 18 in the article), whose spectroscopic data did not match those reported for the natural product. Similarly, intermediate (+)-25, obtained through coupling of vinyl iodide (-)-26 and aldehyde (+/-)-27 (as shown in Scheme 13 in the article) was transformed via intermediates (-)-97 and (+)-98 (as shown in Scheme 19 in the article) to diastereomeric vannusal B structure (+)-d-2 (as shown in Scheme 19 in the article) which was also proven spectroscopically to be non-identical to the naturally occurring substance. These investigations led to the discovery and development of a number of new synthetic technologies that set the stage for the solution of the vannusal structural conundrum.
Journal of the American Chemical Society 05/2010; 132(20):7138-52. · 9.91 Impact Factor
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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 07/2009; 48(31):5648-52. · 13.45 Impact Factor
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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 07/2009; 48(31):5642-7. · 13.45 Impact Factor
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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 11/2008; 47(45):8605-10. · 13.45 Impact Factor
