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ABSTRACT: Examine the association between sedentary behavior and psychiatric symptoms among overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders (SZO/SA).
Randomized clinical trial; Weight Assessment and Intervention in Schizophrenia Treatment (WAIST) Study: baseline data collected 2005-2008.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Community-dwelling adults diagnosed with SZO/SA, with mild symptom severity [Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)<90], who were interested in losing weight, age 18-70years, BMI>27kg/m.
Objectively measured sedentary behavior by accelerometry, and psychopathology assessed by PANSS. Participants wore the actigraphs for 7 consecutive days during their waking hours. Sedentary behavior was defined as ≤100 counts per minute during wear-time and excluded sleep and non-wear time.
On average, 81% of the participant's monitoring time or 756min/day was classified as sedentary behavior using accelerometry. No association was observed between sedentary behaviors and PANSS psychiatric symptoms [total (p≥0.75), positive (p≥0.81), negative (p≥0.59) and general psychopathology (p≥0.65) subscales]. No association was observed between sedentary behaviors and age, race, gender and BMI.
From a clinical and public health perspective, the amount of time (approximately 13h) and percentage of time (81% excluding non-wear time associated with sleeping) engaged in sedentary behavior among overweight and obese adults in this population is alarming, and points to an urgent need for interventions to decrease sedentary behaviors. The lack of associations between sedentary behavior and psychiatric symptoms may be due to a ceiling effect for sedentary behavior.
Biological Psychiatry 04/2013; 145(1-3):63-8. · 8.28 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: To examine the role of early lifetime exposure to physical activity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) determined breast density measures. METHODS: Associations of adolescent [high school (ages 14-17 years) and early adulthood [post high school (ages 18-21 years) and past year] leisure-time physical activity, as well as a principal component score including all three estimates, were examined with percent dense breast volume (%DBV) and absolute dense breast volume (ADBV) in a cross-sectional analysis of 182 healthy women, aged 25-29 years enrolled in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children Follow-up Study (DISC06). Generalized linear mixed (GLM) models were used to examine associations after adjustment for relevant covariates for the entire analytic sample. Analyses were repeated in nulliparous women and hormonal contraceptive non-users. RESULTS: Physical activity during high school and post high school were not statistically significantly related to %DBV or ADBV in multivariable models. Past year physical activity was positively related to %DBV in the unadjusted and partially adjusted models (p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively) that did not adjust for body mass index (BMI). After additional adjustment for childhood and early adulthood BMI, this association became non-statistically significant. The relation between past year physical activity and ADBV was not statistically significant. These findings were similar in non-users of hormonal contraceptives. No statistically significant relationships were found in nulliparous women or between the principal component score and %DBV or ADBV. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study are consistent with previous research suggesting that physical activity during adolescence and early adulthood is unrelated to breast density.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise 01/2013; · 3.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: This study examined the independent association of objectively measured physical activity on insulin resistance while controlling for confounding variables including: cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity, sex, age, and smoking status. METHODS: Data were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003--2004, a cross-sectional observational study conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control that uses a stratified, multistage probability design to obtain a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. The analysis included 402 healthy U.S. adults with valid accelerometer, cardiorespiratory fitness, and fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. After controlling for relevant confounding variables we performed a multiple linear regression to predict homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) based on average daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). RESULTS: In our bivariate models, MVPA, cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat percentage were all significantly correlated with log HOMA-IR. In the complete model including MVPA and relevant confounding variables, there were strong and significant associations between MVPA and log HOMA-IR (beta= -0.1607, P=0.004). In contrast the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and log HOMA-IR was not significant. CONCLUSION: When using an objective measure of physical activity the amount of time engaged in daily physical activity was associated with lower insulin resistance, whereas higher cardiorespiratory fitness was not. These results suggest that the amount of time engaged in physical activity may be an important determinant for improving glucose metabolism.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 01/2013; 10(1):10. · 3.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Despite the well-supported biological link between physical activity (PA) and atherosclerosis, most previous studies have reported a null association between PA and coronary artery calcification (CAC). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between PA and CAC progression in 148 Healthy Women Study (HWS) participants over 28 years of observation. METHODS: The HWS was designed to examine cardiovascular risk factor changes from premenopause to postmenopause. Based on CAC scores collected on two follow-up visits (electron beam tomography [EBT] 1 and EBT4) scheduled 12 years apart, participants were classified into one of three groups: (1) no-detectable CAC group (n = 37; 0 CAC on both visits); (2) incident CAC group (n = 46; 0 CAC on the first visit and >0 CAC on the last visit); or (3) prevalent CAC group (n = 65; >0 CAC on both visits). PA data were collected regularly throughout the study using self-report questionnaires and accelerometers on EBT4. RESULTS: The percentage of HWS participants with no detectable CAC decreased from 56.1% on EBT1 to 25.0% on EBT4. Times spent per day in accumulated moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and bouts of MVPA were each significantly higher in the no-detectable CAC group when compared with the prevalent CAC group (both P ≤ 0.01). After covariate adjustment, these differences remained statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Although self-reported summary estimates collected throughout the study were significantly associated with accelerometer data on EBT4, there were no significant differences in self-reported PA levels by CAC group after covariate adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings suggest that low levels of accelerometer-derived MVPA may be indicative of subclinical disease in older women.
Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 08/2012; · 3.08 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To examine the association of objectively measured participation in low levels of physical activity with incident type 2 diabetes.
The study population included participants free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline (n = 1,826) who participated in a follow-up examination. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the association of steps per day with incident diabetes.
During 5 years of follow-up, 243 incident cases of diabetes were identified. When compared with participants in the lowest quartile of steps per day (<3,500 steps), participants in the upper three quartiles of steps per day had lower odds for diabetes, consistent with a threshold effect. Contrasting the three upper quartiles with the lowest quartile, the odds ratio of diabetes was 0.71 (95% CI 0.51-0.98).
Modest levels of physical activity are associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes, compared with lower levels of activity.
Diabetes care 06/2012; 35(8):1743-5. · 8.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The achievement and maintenance of regular physical activity is prudent in the older adult, but accurate physical activity
assessment can be difficult in this population. Factors such as type and intensity of the physical activity, walking speed,
gait pattern, and body type should be considered when selecting an assessment measure. Aerobic activity coupled with appropriate
resistance training can help not only to achieve better health but also to reach a higher level of function, independence,
and quality of life, all of which are critical to the older adult.
Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports 04/2012; 2(4):305-310.
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ABSTRACT: This prospective cohort study determined the type, frequency, intensity, and duration of actual vs expected leisure activity among a cohort undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Data on actual and expected participation in 36 leisure activities were collected preoperatively and at 12 months in 90 patients with knee osteoarthritis. Despite high expectations, there were statistically and clinically significant differences between actual and expected activity at 12 months suggesting that expectations may not have been fulfilled. The differences were equivalent to walking 14 less miles per week than expected, which is more than the amount of activity recommended in national physical activity guidelines. Perhaps an educational intervention could be implemented to help patients establish appropriate and realistic leisure activity expectations before surgery.
The Journal of arthroplasty 04/2012; 27(7):1289-96. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to examine the individual and combined associations of leisure-time physical activity and sleep with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women.
We analyzed 48-month cross-sectional follow-up data from 393 participants of the Women on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition Study, a behavioral weight loss trial. Leisure-time physical activity data were collected with the past-year Modifiable Activity Questionnaire, whereas sleep data were collected with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We compared physical activity and sleep categories using analysis of variance, post hoc Scheffe tests, and multivariate analyses based on groups above/below the median leisure-time physical activity level, above/below the sleep quality value of 5, and above/below the sleep duration of 7 hours/day.
The average sleep quality and sleep duration did not significantly differ between women with high and women with low physical activity levels. When women with good sleep quality were compared, higher physical activity levels were associated with lower body mass index (2.0 kg/m; 25, 75 quartiles, 0.3, 3.6), waist circumference (6.3 cm; 1.7, 10.9), and total body fat (2.1%; 0.3, 4.0; P < 0.05). When participants with poor sleep quality were compared, highly active women had lower trunk fat, total body fat, and insulin levels than less active women did (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, physical activity was significantly associated with high-density lipoprotein level, trunk fat, and total body fat after controlling for sleep quality, sleep duration, age, hormone therapy and smoking status, and body mass index.
The combined associations of leisure-time physical activity and sleep suggest that cardiovascular risk factors are more favorable in highly active women relative to less active women regardless of sleep.
Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 11/2011; 19(4):413-9. · 3.08 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and body composition reflect concomitant changes in 400-meter walk time.
Data were collected at the baseline and 48-month visits in the Women on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition study. At baseline, participants (n = 508) were randomized to the lifestyle intervention or health education group. The lifestyle intervention focused on weight (7%-10%) and waist circumference reduction through healthy lifestyle behavior change. Change in walk time over 48 months was the primary outcome. Secondary measures included change in LTPA and body composition measures including, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry--derived fat and lean mass.
Increased LTPA and reductions in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and fat mass were associated with decreased walk time from baseline to 48 months (P < 0.01). After stratification by group, LTPA was no longer significantly related to walk time in the health education group.
Increased LTPA and weight loss resulted in improved physical function, as measured by the 400-meter walk, in a group of overweight, postmenopausal women. These findings support the use of the 400-meter walk to evaluate progress in physical activity or weight loss programs.
Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 07/2011; 18(7):759-65. · 3.08 Impact Factor
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Lewis H Kuller,
Kelley K Pettee Gabriel,
Laura S Kinzel,
Darcy A Underwood,
Margaret B Conroy,
Yuefang Chang,
Rachel H Mackey,
Daniel Edmundowicz,
Kim S Tyrrell,
Alhaji M Buhari, Andrea M Kriska
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ABSTRACT: The Women on the Move through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) study was designed to test whether a nonpharmacological intervention including qualitative and quantitative dietary changes to induce weight loss and increased physical activity levels would reduce blood triglyceride levels and number of low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P). Such decreases in lipoproteins and other risk factors could reduce or slow progression of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Study participants were randomized to either the intervention (Lifestyle Change) or assessment (Health Education) group. Most of the intervention ended at the 30-month visit. The last 48-month examination was completed in 9/2008. There was very substantial weight loss and increased exercise during the first 30 months of the trial resulting in significant decreases in CV risk factors. Most of the intervention effect was lost through 48 months. Weight loss was 3.4 kg in Lifestyle Intervention and 0.2 kg in the Health Education at 48 months (P = 0.000). There were no significant changes at 48 months in lipid levels, blood pressure (BP), glucose, insulin, or in the subclinical measures of coronary calcium, carotid intima media thickness, or plaque. There was a significant decrease in long-distance corridor walk time in the Lifestyle vs. Health Education groups. Significant lifestyle changes can be achieved that result in decreases in CV risk factors. Whether such changes reduce CV outcomes is still untested in clinical trials of weight loss or exercise. Long-term maintenance of successful lifestyle changes, weight loss and reduced risk factors is the hurdle for lifestyle interventions attempting to prevent CV and other chronic diseases.
Obesity 04/2011; 20(3):636-43. · 4.28 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This pilot project evaluated the Group Lifestyle Balance program (GLB), an adaptation of the DPP lifestyle intervention, delivered via DVD with remote participant support provided by the University of Pittsburgh Diabetes Prevention Support Center. Results suggest that GLB-DVD with remote support may provide an effective alternative for GLB delivery.
Diabetes research and clinical practice 12/2010; 90(3):e60-3. · 2.16 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Weight loss has been associated with higher physical activity (PA) levels and frequent dietary self-monitoring. Less is known about how PA self-monitoring affects adherence to PA goals, PA levels, and weight change.
The SMART Trial is a clinical weight loss trial in which 210 overweight adults were randomized equally to one of three arms: 1) paper record (PR), 2) personal digital assistant with self-monitoring software (PDA), and 3) PDA with daily tailored feedback message (PDA + FB). PA self-monitoring and adherence to PA goals were based on entries in weekly submitted diaries. PA levels were measured via self-report by the past 6-month Modifiable Activity Questionnaire at baseline and 6 months.
Data are presented on 189 participants with complete 6-month PA data (84% female, 77% white, mean age = 47.3 ± 8.8 yr, mean body mass index = 34.1 ± 4.5 kg·m(-2)). Median PA level was 7.96 MET·h·wk(-1) at baseline and 13.4 MET·h·wk(-1) at 6 months, with significant PA increases in all three arms. PDA + FB arm had a higher mean number of weekly self-monitoring entries than the PR arm (3.4 vs 2.4, P = 0.003) and were more likely to maintain high (i.e., 100%) adherence to PA goals over time than the PDA (P = 0.02) or PR arms (P = 0.0003). Both PA self-monitoring and adherence to PA goals were related to higher PA levels at 6 months. A higher mean rate of PA self-monitoring was associated with a greater percentage of weight decrease (ρ = -0.49, P < 0.0001) at 6 months.
PA self-monitoring and adherence to PA goals were more likely in participants in the PDA + FB arm and in turn predicted higher PA levels and weight loss.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise 12/2010; 43(8):1568-74. · 3.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Chronic kidney disease is a condition characterized by the deterioration of the kidney's ability to remove waste products from the body. Although treatments to slow the progression of the disease are available, chronic kidney disease may eventually lead to a complete loss of kidney function. Previous studies have shown that physical activities of moderate intensity may have renal benefits. Few studies have examined the effects of total movement on kidney function. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between time spent at all levels of physical activity intensity and sedentary behavior and kidney function.
Data were obtained from the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional study of a complex, multistage probability sample of the US population. Physical activity was assessed using an accelerometer and questionnaire. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study formula. To assess linear associations between levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior with log-transformed estimated GFR (eGFR), linear regression was used.
In general, physical activity (light and total) was related to log eGFR in females and males. For females, the association between light and total physical activity with log eGFR was consistent regardless of diabetes status. For males, the association between light and total physical activity and log eGFR was only significant in males without diabetes.
When examining the association between physical activity, measured objectively with an accelerometer, and kidney function, total and light physical activities were found to be positively associated with kidney function.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise 12/2010; 43(8):1457-64. · 3.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To describe the change in physical activity (total, leisure, household, occupational) in men over a mean 5-year follow-up period and to identify sociodemographic and health factors associated with change in physical activity.
Prospective cohort study; Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study; data collected March 2000 through May 2006.
Six U.S. clinical centers.
Volunteer sample of ambulatory community-dwelling men aged 65 and older (N=5,161).
Self-reported physical activity assessed at baseline and Visit 2 (V2) (5 years apart) according to the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) (unitless, relative measure of physical activity).
At baseline, PASE scores averaged 16.8+/-35.5 for occupational, 37.0+/-34.0 for leisure, 95.9+/-43.2 for household, and 149.7+/-67.6 for total physical activity. Occupational (-6.2+/-33.9), leisure (-3.2+/-37.3), household (-9.9+/-44.3), and total (-19.3+/-67.7) physical activity change scores declined, on average, from baseline to V2. On average, change in total PASE scores declined more with age: -15.6+/-71.6 for men younger than 70, -16.4+/-67.0 for men aged 70 to 74, -21.4+/-66.9 for men aged 75 to 79, and -29.5+/-60.7 for men aged 80 and older. Living alone, smoking cigarettes, poor health, and higher blood pressure were associated with greater declines in physical activity over time. Although average scores declined, some older men (1,335, 26%) reported increasing physical activity levels. Better physical and mental health, living with others, and being younger were associated with the probability of increasing physical activity over time.
Over the 5-year period, the majority of men reported declines in total physical activity. Older men in poor health who live alone have a high risk of physical activity declines and may be an important group to target for exercise interventions.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 06/2010; 58(6):1128-33. · 3.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Current accelerometer technology allows for data collection using brief time sampling intervals (i.e., epochs). The study aims were to examine the role of epoch length on physical activity estimates and subsequent relationships with clinically-meaningful health outcomes in post-menopausal women.
Data was obtained from the Woman On the Move through Activity and Nutrition Study (n = 102). Differences in activity estimates presented as 60s and 10s epochs were evaluated using paired t-tests. Relationships with health outcomes were examined using correlational and regression analyses to evaluate differences by epoch length.
Inactivity, moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity (MVPA) were significantly higher and light-intensity activity was significantly lower (all P < 0.001) when presented as 10s epochs. The correlation between inactivity and self-reported physical activity was stronger with 10s estimates (P < 0.03); however, the regression slopes were not significantly different. Conversely, relationships between MVPA and body weight, BMI, whole body and trunk lean and fat mass, and femoral neck bone mineral density was stronger with 60s estimates (all P < 0.05); however, regression slopes were similar.
These findings suggest that although the use of a shorter time sampling interval may suggestively reduce misclassification error of physical activity estimates, associations with health outcomes did not yield strikingly different results. Additional studies are needed to further our understanding of the ways in which epoch length contributes to the ascertainment of physical activity in research studies.
Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT00023543.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 01/2010; 7:53. · 3.83 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A limited body of evidence, mostly based on self-report, is available regarding physical activity levels among American-Indian adults.
This study aims to examine physical activity levels objectively using pedometers among a large cohort of American-Indian adult participants in the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS).
Physical activity levels in 2604 American-Indian adults, aged 18-91 years, from 13 American-Indian communities were assessed using Accusplit AE120 pedometers over a period of 7 days during 2001-2003. Anthropometric measurements were also assessed. All data analyses were conducted in 2008. Age-adjusted Pearson correlations were used to examine the relationship between average steps per day and age and anthropometric variables. Subjects were placed in age and BMI categories (according to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute cut points) to examine trends in physical activity with increasing age and BMI.
Daily pedometer steps ranged from 1001 to 38,755. Mean step counts by age group for men were 5384 (aged 18-29 years); 5120 (aged 30-39 years); 5040 (aged 40-49 years); 4561(aged 50-59 years); 4321 (aged 60-69 years); and 3768 (aged >or=70 years) and for women, 5038 (aged 18-29 years); 5112 (aged 30-39 years); 5054 (aged 40-49 years); 4582 (aged 50-59 years); 3653 (aged 60-69 years); and 3770 (aged >or=70 years). A significant linear trend in physical activity was noted with increasing age (p=0.002 for men, p<0.0001 for women) and with increasing BMI (p=0.05 for men, p=0.04 for women).
Objectively measured data suggest that inactivity is a problem among American-Indian adults and that a majority of American-Indian adults in the SHFS may not be meeting the minimum physical activity public health recommendations. Efforts to increase physical activity levels in this population are warranted.
American journal of preventive medicine 12/2009; 37(6):481-7. · 4.24 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) demonstrated that lifestyle intervention reduces risk for type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. A universal framework for translation of multiple aspects of the DPP intervention, including training, support, and evaluation is needed to enhance treatment fidelity in a variety of settings.
This study aims to develop a comprehensive model for diabetes prevention translation using a modified DPP lifestyle intervention.
The DPP lifestyle intervention was adapted to a 12-session group-based program called Group Lifestyle Balance for implementation in the community setting. A model for training and support mirroring that of the DPP was developed for prevention professionals administering the program. The process of training/support and program implementation was evaluated for feasibility and effectiveness using a nonrandomized prospective design in two phases (N=51, Phase 1: 2005-2006; N=42, Phase 2: 2007-2009; data analysis completed 2008-2009). A total of 93 nondiabetic individuals with BMI >or=25 kg/m(2) and the metabolic syndrome or prediabetes participated. Measures were collected at baseline and post-intervention for all and 6 and 12 months post-intervention for Phase 2.
Significant decreases in weight, waist circumference, and BMI were noted in both phases from baseline. Participants in Phase 2 also demonstrated decreases in total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure that were maintained at 12 months. Average combined weight loss for both groups over the course of the 3-month intervention was 7.4 pounds (3.5% relative loss, p<0.001); 23.8% and 52.2% of those who completed the program reached 7% and 5% weight loss, respectively. More than 80% of those achieving 7% weight loss in the Phase-2 group maintained their weight loss at 6 months.
A comprehensive diabetes prevention model for training, intervention delivery, and support was shown to be successful and was effective in reducing diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in this group of high-risk individuals.
American journal of preventive medicine 12/2009; 37(6):505-11. · 4.24 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The authors examined the association between total physical activity (leisure-time plus occupational) and incident diabetes among 1,651 American Indians who participated in the Strong Heart Study, a longitudinal study of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among 13 American Indian communities in 4 states (North Dakota, South Dakota, Oklahoma, and Arizona). Discrete Cox models were used to examine the association between physical activity level (in tertiles), compared with no physical activity, and incident diabetes, after adjustment for potential confounders. During 10 years of follow-up (f1989-1999), 454 incident cases of diabetes were identified. Compared with participants who reported no physical activity, those who reported any physical activity had a lower risk of diabetes: Odds ratios were 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46, 0.99), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.99), and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.99) for increasing tertile of physical activity, after adjustment for age, sex, study site, education, smoking, alcohol use, and family history of diabetes. Further adjustment for body mass index and other potential mediators attenuated the risk estimates. These data suggest that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes in American Indians. This study identifies physical activity as an important determinant of diabetes among American Indians and suggests the need for physical activity outreach programs that target inactive American Indians.
American journal of epidemiology 08/2009; 170(5):632-9. · 5.59 Impact Factor
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Diabetes / Metabolism Reviews 06/2009; 8(4):355 - 372.
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ABSTRACT: Accelerometers were incorporated in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) study cycle for objective assessment of physical activity. This is the first time that objective physical activity data are available on a nationally representative sample of U.S. residents. The use of accelerometers allows researchers to measure total physical activity, including light intensity and unstructured activities, which may be a better predictor of health outcomes than structured activity alone. The aim of this study was to examine objectively determined physical activity levels by sex, age and racial/ethnic groups in a national sample of U.S. adults.
Data were obtained from the 2003-2004 NHANES, a cross-sectional study of a complex, multistage probability sample of the U.S. population. Physical activity was assessed with the Actigraph AM-7164 accelerometer for seven days following an examination. 2,688 U.S. adults with valid accelerometer data (i.e. at least four days with at least 10 hours of wear-time) were included in the analysis. Mean daily total physical activity counts, as well as counts accumulated in minutes of light, and moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity are presented by sex across age and racial/ethnic groups. Generalized linear modeling using the log link function was performed to compare physical activity in sex and racial/ethnic groups adjusting for age.
Physical activity decreases with age for both men and women across all racial/ethnic groups with men being more active than women, with the exception of Hispanic women. Hispanic women are more active at middle age (40-59 years) compared to younger or older age and not significantly less active than men in middle or older age groups (i.e. age 40-59 or age 60 and older). Hispanic men accumulate more total and light intensity physical activity counts than their white and black counterparts for all age groups.
Physical activity levels measured objectively by accelerometer demonstrated that Hispanic men are, in general, more active than their white and black counterparts. This appears to be in contrast to self-reported physical activity previously reported in the literature and identifies the need to use objective measures in situations where the contribution of light intensity and/or unstructured physical activity cannot be assumed homogenous across the populations of interest.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 02/2009; 6:31. · 3.83 Impact Factor
