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ABSTRACT: Background: The surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients with Child-Pugh class B remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the results of hepatic resection plus microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) versus living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for HCC in cirrhotic patients with Child-Pugh class B. Material/Methods: Between January 1998 and June 2008, 30 patients underwent hepatic resection plus MCN and 40 patients underwent LDLT for HCC with Child-Pugh class B. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were established. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated, and a log-rank test was performed to compare group survival status. Results: There was no difference in overall survival after hepatic resection plus MCT (1-, 3-, and 5-year: 86.7%, 70.4%, and 70.4%, respectively) compared with LDLT (1-, 3-, and 5-year: 92.5%, 81.5%, and 72.6%, respectively). Disease-free survival was significantly better after LDLT compared with hepatic resection plus MCT. On multivariate analyses, the des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) level of more 300 mAU/mL was an independent risk factor for overall survaival and recurrence of HCC after LDLT. In preoperative Milan criteria met-patients, 5-year overall survival following LDLT was significantly better than that after hepatic resection plus MCT. Incidentally found hepatocellular carcinoma had higher tendency of well differentiated tumor in the explant liver after LDLT. Conclusions: In preoperative Milan criteria met-cirrhotic patients with Child-Pugh class B, LDLT was associated with longer disease-free and overall survival than hepatic resection plus MCN. LDLT could not be indicated in the patients with DCP level of more 300 mAU/mL.
Annals of transplantation: quarterly of the Polish Transplantation Society 12/2012; 17(4):11-20. · 2.02 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: An intrahepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (IHAA) is a very rare but potentially lethal complication occurring after liver transplantation. This report presents a case of an IHAA associated with a metallic biliary stent after liver transplantation. A 40-year-old male underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using a left lobe graft. The bile duct reconstruction was performed with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. He developed obstructive jaundice 5 years after LDLT, and had biliary stricture of the anastomosis area, therefore, the two metallic biliary stents were finally positioned at the stricture of the biliary tract. He suddenly developed hematemesis 8 years after LDLT, and computerized tomography scan showed an IHAA. Although seven interlocking detachable coils were placed at the neck of the aneurysm, hematemesis recurred 3 days after the initial embolization. Therefore, retransplantation was successfully performed 25 days after the embolization of IHAA using a right lobe graft from his son. In conclusion, metal stent insertion can lead to the fatal complication of HAA. The placement of a metallic stent could have been avoided in this case. Percutaneous metallic stent insertion for biliary stenosis after liver transplantation should therefore only be performed in carefully selected patients.
Surgery Today 08/2012; · 1.22 Impact Factor
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Mikihiro Kohno,
Ken Shirabe,
Yohei Mano,
Jun Muto,
Takashi Motomura,
Kazuki Takeishi,
Takeo Toshima,
Masanori Yoshimatsu,
Hideki Ijichi, Noboru Harada,
Shinichi Aishima,
Hideaki Uchiyama,
Tomoharu Yoshizumi,
Akinobu Taketomi,
Yoshihiko Maehara
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ABSTRACT: This report describes a rare case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). A 46-year-old male with chronic hepatitis B, who presented with fever, general malaise, loss of appetite, and weight loss, had a huge liver mass in the portal region. He had marked granulocytosis and his serum level of G-CSF was elevated. Complete tumor resection was performed, and the pathological assessment of the resected specimen revealed HCC with extensive sarcomatous changes and immunohistochemical staining for G-CSF and G-CSF receptor. Only a few cases of G-CSF-producing HCC have been reported, and this is the first case of G-CSF-producing HCC that also expressed G-CSF receptor.
Surgery Today 05/2012; · 1.22 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Measurement of liver stiffness using Virtual Touch Tissue Quantification (VTTQ) based on acoustic radiation force impulse imaging reflects the degree of hepatic fibrosis and reserve. This prospective study investigated how well the VTTQ value predicts the development of postoperative complications before curative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
The study enrolled 50 consecutive patients between February 2009 and October 2010 whose preoperative VTTQ values were determined before they underwent curative hepatic resection for HCC. We assessed the relationship between postoperative complications and VTTQ values.
The study included 41 (82%) patients with chronic hepatitis and 9 (18%) with nonviral cirrhosis. The mean VTTQ value was 1.60 (m/sec), which correlated with the fibrosis stage (P = .0058). The VTTQ value was the only variable correlated with postoperative ascites that did not respond to pharmacologic treatment and required invasive management. Univariate and subsequent multivariate analyses revealed that the preoperative VTTQ value was the only independent risk factor for predicting the development of postoperative ascites (cutoff, 1.68 cm/sec; P = .007; odds ratio, 76.481). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the diagnosis of postoperative ascites using VTTQ values was 0.90, whereas those using the aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index and indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes values were 0.68 and 0.55, respectively.
These data suggest that the VTTQ value is a reliable surrogate marker for predicting postoperative ascites before curative hepatic resection for HCC.
Surgery 03/2012; 151(6):837-43. · 3.10 Impact Factor
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02/2012; , ISBN: 978-953-51-0015-7
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ABSTRACT: Female liver to male recipient is a well-accepted risk factor for graft loss in cadaveric liver transplantation. However, gender matching is infeasible because of an insufficient number of available donors. No studies have been performed on the role of gender in the field of living donor liver transplantation. This report investigates the effect of gender mismatch on the outcome of living donor liver transplantation.
A total of 335 patients and donors were classified into four groups according to the following gender combinations: male donor to male recipient group (n=104), male donor to female recipient group (n=120), female donor to male recipient (FM) group (n=59), and female donor to female recipient group (n=52). Patient and graft survival were compared among the groups. We performed a multivariable analysis to identify the factors associated with patient mortality.
The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year patient survival rates in the FM group were 80.6%, 66.8%, 61.8%, and 47.7%, respectively. The FM group showed significantly shorter patient survival compared with the other three groups. Independent risk factors for patient mortality were: FM group (P=0.006), pretransplant diabetes mellitus (P=0.001), and a model for end-stage liver disease score more than or equal to 20 (P=0.004).
Male recipients of transplants from female donors, pretransplant diabetes mellitus, and a model for end-stage liver disease score more than or equal to 20 have poor survival rates.
Transplantation 01/2012; 93(1):93-8. · 4.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Portal annular pancreas (PAP) is a rare variant in which the uncinate process of the pancreas extends to the dorsal surface of the pancreas body and surrounds the portal vein or superior mesenteric vein. Upon pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), when the pancreas is cut at the neck, two cut surfaces are created. Thus, the cut surface of the pancreas becomes larger than usual and the dorsal cut surface is behind the portal vein, therefore pancreatic fistula after PD has been reported frequently. We planned subtotal stomach-preserving PD in a 45-year-old woman with underlying insulinoma of the pancreas head. When the pancreas head was dissected, the uncinate process was extended and fused to the dorsal surface of the pancreas body. Additional resection of the pancreas body 1 cm distal to the pancreas tail to the left side of the original resection line was performed. The new cut surface became one and pancreaticojejunostomy was performed as usual. No postoperative complications such as pancreatic fistula occurred. Additional resection of the pancreas body may be a standardized procedure in patients with PAP in cases of pancreas cut surface reconstruction.
Case Reports in Gastroenterology 01/2012; 6(1):131-4.
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Tetsuo Ikeda,
Yusuke Yonemura,
Naoyuki Ueda,
Akira Kabashima,
Ken Shirabe,
Akinobu Taketomi,
Tomoharu Yoshizumi,
Hideaki Uchiyama, Noboru Harada,
Hideki Ijichi,
Yosihiro Kakeji,
Masaru Morita,
Shunichi Tsujitani,
Yoshihiko Maehara
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ABSTRACT: Although laparoscopic liver resection has been widely adopted, performing a pure laparoscopic right hepatectomy remains a challenging procedure. The aim of this report is to evaluate the efficiency of a pure laparoscopic right hepatectomy (PLRH) in the semi-prone position using the intrahepatic Glissonian approach and a modified hanging maneuver.
Pure laparoscopic right hepatectomy was performed in the semi-prone position with the use of an intrahepatic Glissonian approach and modified hanging maneuver for patients with primary liver cancer (n = 3) and metastatic liver cancer (n = 1).
The intraoperative total blood loss was only 95-140 g (mean: 126.2 g). None of the patients required a blood transfusion, and no serious complications were encountered. The durations of the surgeries ranged from were 308 to 445 min (mean: 394.8 min). The postoperative hospital stay was 8-11 days (mean 9.5 days).
Pure laparoscopic right hepatectomy in the semi-prone position using the intrahepatic Glissonian approach and a modified hanging maneuver is thus considered to be a safe modality, which minimizes intraoperative bleeding.
Surgery Today 12/2011; 41(12):1592-8. · 1.22 Impact Factor
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Hideaki Uchiyama,
Ken Shirabe,
Masaru Morita,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Akinobu Taketomi,
Yuji Soejima,
Tomoharu Yoshizumi,
Toru Ikegami, Noboru Harada,
Hiroto Kayashima,
Kazutoyo Morita,
Yoshihiko Maehara
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ABSTRACT: In living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), it is considered safer to reconstruct hepatic arteries (HAs) under a microscope than under conventional loupe magnification, because graft HA stumps are generally thin and short with an average diameter of approximately 2 mm. We first applied microvascular surgical techniques to HA reconstruction for LDLT in 1996. In most cases, we use a disposable double-clip to secure the graft and recipient arteries, and interrupted 8-0 nonabsorbable monofilament sutures. We next started performing resection and reconstruction of the right HA in a surgery for hilar cholangioma using the same technique as in LDLT. Lately, we have started applying microvascular surgical techniques to various digestive surgeries; namely, supercharge and superdrainage in esophageal surgery, vascular reconstruction in free jejunal interposition grafts for cervical esophageal cancer, resection and reconstruction of spontaneous HA aneurysms, jejunal artery reconstruction for spontaneous superior mesenteric artery dissections, and so forth. Mastering this technique is time consuming. However, once a surgeon masters the technique it has almost unlimited applications, and most vital vessels can be safely reconstructed using this method. We herein provide a technical review of the application of microvascular surgical techniques for various digestive surgeries.
Surgery Today 11/2011; 42(2):111-20. · 1.22 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Aim: Virtual touch tissue quantification (VTTQ) is an implementation of ultrasound acoustic radiation force impulse imaging that provides numerical measurements of tissue stiffness. We have evaluated the temporal changes of the remnant liver and spleen after living donor hepatectomy with special reference to the differences between right and left liver donation. Methods: Nineteen living donors who received right lobectomy (small remnant liver [SRL] group; n = 7) or extended left and caudate lobectomy (large remnant liver [LRL] group; n = 12) were enrolled. They underwent measurement of liver and spleen VTTQ before and after donor surgery. Results: Virtual touch tissue quantification of the remnant liver increased postoperatively until postoperative day (POD) 3-5, and the values in the SRL group were significantly higher than those in the LRL group at POD 3-9. The values of the spleen also increased after donor surgery and the values in the SRL group were significantly higher than those in the LRL group at POD 3-14. A significant positive correlation between postoperative maximum value of VTTQ and postoperative maximum total bilirubin levels was observed. In liver transplant recipients, there was a significant positive correlation between preoperative spleen VTTQ and the corresponding actual portal venous pressure that was measured at the time of transplant surgery. Conclusion: Stiffness of the remaining liver and spleen in the smaller remnant liver group became harder than that in the larger remnant liver group. Perioperative measurement of liver and spleen VTTQ seems to be a useful means for assessing the physiology of liver regeneration.
Hepatology Research 06/2011; 41(6):579-86. · 2.20 Impact Factor
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Transplantation 04/2011; 91(8):e61-2. · 4.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The impact of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has not yet been investigated.
Among 253 LDLT patients, RRT was started before (RRT-Pre, n = 9), or after (RRT-Post, n = 27) LDLT. The clinical outcomes were reviewed.
The one-yr graft survival rate was 94.1% without RRT, and 63.9% and in those with RRT (p < 0.0001). Among the RRT patients, the RRT-Pre patients exhibited acute liver failure, hepatorenal syndrome and high model for end-stage liver disease score (35 ± 12), whereas the RRT-Post patients had sepsis as a comorbidity. The one-yr graft survival rate was 100.0% in the RRT-Pre patients vs. 51.9% in the RRT-Post patients (p < 0.01). The duration of RRT was significantly shorter in the RRT-Pre patients than that in the RRT-Post patients (5.3 ± 2.1 vs. 17.8 ± 14.1 d, p = 0.02). The mean duration between starting RRT and LDLT was 2.1 ± 0.7 d in the Pre-RRT patients.
The RRT-Pre patients had excellent outcomes because the severe condition was primarily treated by LDLT after short-term pre-transplant RRT. Post-transplant uncontrollable sepsis was the major cause of graft loss in patients who receive RRT after LDLT.
Clinical Transplantation 03/2011; 26(1):143-8. · 1.67 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To clarify the clinical significance of sivelestat sodium (SIV) administration, we surveyed the status of 40 patients treated with SIV for respiratory dysfunction following surgery.
The subjects were patients who received SIV administration due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and respiratory dysfunction (PaO(2)/F(I)O(2) ratio ≤300 mmHg) after surgery at the Department of Surgery and Science, Kyushu University, and related facilities between April and December 2008.
The most frequent underlying condition was perforation of the digestive tract, followed by cancer of the upper digestive organs. The main causes of SIRS were surgical stress and infection. The mean P/F ratio at the initiation of SIV administration was 185.5 ± 72.0 mmHg. The ratio increased, and the number of SIRS-related factors decreased with time after SIV administration. Sivelestat sodium was administered within 24 h after the onset of respiratory dysfunction in 87.5% of the patients, and the survival rate at 28 days after the initiation of SIV administration was 90.0%.
Our findings suggest that multidisciplinary postoperative management, including the administration of SIV, during the early phase after the onset of respiratory dysfunction leads to improvements in respiratory function and survival.
Surgery Today 11/2010; 40(11):1034-9. · 1.22 Impact Factor
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Ken Shirabe,
Takashi Motomura,
Jun Muto,
Takeo Toshima,
Rumi Matono,
Yohei Mano,
Kazuki Takeishi,
Hideki Ijichi, Noboru Harada,
Hideaki Uchiyama,
Tomoharu Yoshizumi,
Akinobu Taketomi,
Yoshihiko Maehara
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ABSTRACT: The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is relatively rare. The prognosis of patients with HCC and marked TILs is better than that of patients with HCC without TILs. TILs in HCC tissues are mainly T cells, and previous reports suggested that TILs might be important antitumor effector cells. TILs have been extensively analyzed, and subpopulations of CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells are often present in HCC. Some studies have reported that the percentage of CD8(+) T cells, which might have cytotoxic activity, is decreased in tumors with TILs, as compared with noncancerous tissues. Although the antitumor effects of TILs seem to be impaired in HCCs, the underlying mechanism has remained unclear until quite recently. Pathological and in vitro studies have now shown that regulatory T cells play important roles in the deterioration of the antitumor effects of TILs. The aim of this review is to introduce recent pathological findings for TILs in HCC and to evaluate new therapeutic strategies in this field.
International Journal of Clinical Oncology 10/2010; 15(6):552-8. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Liver transplantation is accepted as an effective therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, recurrence is one of the most fatal complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of intratumoral immunotherapy using IL-12 gene therapy and dendritic cell injection for the purpose of effective treatment for HCC under conditions of immunosuppression. We found that the combined immunotherapy significantly induced sustained and high amounts of intratumoral IL-12 and IFN-gamma proteins and that it induced high HCC-specific CTL activity under immunosuppression as compared with each monotherapy or control. The combined immunotherapy also exerted effective antitumor effects on the immunosuppressed host, resulting in significant suppression of growth of the s.c. established tumor and complete suppression of lung and liver metastasis, without rejection of a fully allogeneic skin graft. These antitumor effects were dependent on both T cells and NK cells. Noteworthily, the combined intratumoral immunotherapy and tumor resection (that is, neoadjuvant immunotherapy) resulted in achievement of tumor-free and long-term survival of the some immunosuppressed mice, even when the mice were challenged with i.v. injection of HCC at the time of tumor resection. In contrast, all of the mice treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy using monotherapy or control therapy suffered from lung and liver metastasis. These results suggest that intratumoral neoadjuvant immunotherapy using IL-12 gene therapy and dendritic cell therapy is a potent effective strategy to control recurrence of HCC in patients after liver transplantation for HCC and may be applicable to general cancer treatment.
The Journal of Immunology 07/2010; 185(1):698-708. · 5.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although graft local infusion (GLI) treatment via the portal vein or the hepatic artery has been the pivotal strategy in ABO incompatible (ABOi) living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in Japan, the procedure is associated with a high rate of catheter-associated complications.
A new ABOi-LDLT protocol has been implemented using rituximab, intravenous immune globulin (IVIG), plasma exchange (PE), and splenectomy, without using GLI, on four patients, since 2007. Three other patients, treated before 2007, received GLI.
Three of the four patients with liver cirrhosis received rituximab over 3 weeks before LDLT, followed by PEs and post-LDLT IVIG, resulting in no rebound elevation of the isoagglutinin titers. The remaining patient, with fulminant hepatitis, received rituximab 3 days before the LDLT, resulting in antibody-mediated rejection, successfully treated by IVIG and PE. All four patients that were treated with the new protocol are alive, 26, 8, 6, and 5 months after ABOi-LDLT with normal liver function. Two of the three other patients with GLI, before 2007, had catheter-associated complications, including one graft loss.
The new ABOi-LDLT protocol using rituximab, IVIG, and PE, without the use of GLI, therefore seems to be a safe and an effective treatment modality.
Transplantation 09/2009; 88(3):303-7. · 4.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A left hepatic graft in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) often has 2 thin and short hepatic arterial stumps, which makes hepatic artery (HA) reconstructions much more difficult to perform. Consequently, some investigators regard using a left graft as a contraindication to LDLT, whereas others report that the reconstruction of only 1 HA is sufficient for most LDLTs. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate whether 2 HAs on a left hepatic graft in an LDLT can be reconstructed safely and whether the outcomes of LDLTs are affected by reconstructing both HAs (dual reconstruction).
A total of 175 LDLTs using a left graft between October 1996 and April 2008 were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 104): 1 HA stump with 1 HA reconstruction; group 2 (n = 47): 2 HA stumps with dual HA reconstruction; and group 3 (n = 24): 2 HA stumps with only 1 HA reconstruction. We reconstructed HAs using microvascular surgical techniques.
With technical advancement, we have been able to reconstruct both HAs in most cases without any HA-related complications, despite the fact that complex HA reconstructions were needed. Group 3 patients had a significantly greater incidence of anastomotic biliary stricture, which was decreased by dual HA reconstructions to the same level as observed in group 1.
Dual HA reconstructions can be performed safely in LDLTs with a decreased incidence of anastomotic biliary stricture.
Surgery 09/2009; 147(6):878-86. · 3.10 Impact Factor
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Hirofumi Kawanaka,
Tomohiko Akahoshi,
Nao Kinjo,
Kozou Konishi,
Daisuke Yoshida,
Go Anegawa,
Shohei Yamaguchi,
Hideo Uehara,
Naotaka Hashimoto,
Norifumi Tsutsumi,
Morimasa Tomikawa,
Kenichi Koushi, Noboru Harada,
Yasuharu Ikeda,
Daisuke Korenaga,
Kenji Takenaka,
Yoshihiko Maehara
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ABSTRACT: The aims of this study were to standardize the techniques of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) to improve safety in liver cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension.
From 1993 to 2008, 265 cirrhotic patients underwent LS. Child-Pugh class was A in 112 patients, B in 124, and C in 29. Since January 2005, we have adopted the standardized LS including the following three points: hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) should be performed in patients with splenomegaly (> or =1,000 mL), perisplenic collateral vessels, or Child-Pugh score 9 or more; complete division and sufficient elevation of the upper pole of the spleen should be performed before the splenic hilar division; and when surgeons feel the division of the upper pole of the spleen is too difficult, conversion to HALS should be performed.
There were no deaths related to LS in this study. After the standardization, conversion to open surgery significantly reduced from 11 (10.3%) of 106 to 3 (1.9%) of 159 patients (P < 0.05). The average operation time and blood loss significantly reduced from 259 to 234 min (P < 0.01) and from 506 to 171 g (P < 0.01), respectively.
With the technical standardization, LS becomes a feasible and safe approach in the setting of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery 08/2009; 16(6):749-57. · 1.60 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) is one of the causes of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and a codominant disorder. Patients heterozygous for FHBL may be asymptomatic, although they demonstrate low plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. Here we report a nonobese 54-year-old man with decompensated liver cirrhosis who underwent living donor liver transplantation with his son as the donor. Low albuminemia and refractory ascites persisted after transplantation. A biopsy specimen obtained 11 months after liver transplantation revealed severe steatosis and fibrosis, and recurrent NASH was diagnosed on the basis of pathological findings. Both the patient's and donor's laboratory tests demonstrated low LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein levels. Because mutations in messenger RNAs of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and apolipoprotein B genes were excluded neither in the recipient nor in the donor, both were clinically diagnosed as being heterozygous for FHBL. We successfully treated the recipient with heterozygous FHBL-induced recurrent NASH after liver transplantation using our diet and exercise programs.
Liver Transplantation 07/2009; 15(7):806-9. · 3.39 Impact Factor
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Eiji Oki,
Yoshihiro Kakeji,
Akinobu Taketomi,
Yoichi Yamashita,
Kippei Ohgaki, Noboru Harada,
Tomohiro Iguchi,
Kotaro Shibahara,
Noriaki Sadanaga,
Masaru Morita,
Yoshihiko Maehara
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ABSTRACT: The prognosis of advanced colon cancer has improved significantly over the last decade since new chemotherapy regimens including oxaliplatin have been developed. However, oxaliplatin-induced liver injury and characterized hepatic hemostatic status can occur after chemotherapy. The assessment of this type of liver injury is often difficult.
Elastography (Fibroscan) was used to evaluate liver injury in five cases before and after 5-FU, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin combination (FOLFOX) treatment.
A clear change was observed in the stiffness of liver after chemotherapy within 48 h, and the hepatic stiffness was normalized in most cases after 2 weeks. Among the five patients, one patient showed aberrant elevation after a FOLFOX treatment, and the patient showed liver injury pathologically.
Elastography is a good tool for evaluating hepatic injury after FOLFOX treatment.
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer 05/2009; 39(1-4):82-5.
