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Urology 11/2010; 76(5):1238-9. · 2.43 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To identify racial and demographic factors that influence treatment choice and its resulting impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for prostate cancer patients.
Patients presenting to an equal access, military, multidisciplinary prostate cancer clinic composed the study group. The Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC), EPIC Demographic, and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 were the instruments used. Evaluation was performed before treatment and every 3 months after treatment.
The study group comprised 665 patients. Caucasians were 3-fold more likely to choose surgery (radical prostatectomy [RP]) over external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Patients who earned more than $100,000 annually disproportionately chose RP (P < .0001). Similarly, those having a graduate school degree disproportionally chose RP (P < .0001). Patients undergoing RP had the greatest risk of urinary function decline (P < .0001) and sexual bother (P = .0003). African Americans (AA) had a greater risk of urinary function decline irrespective of treatment choice. Patients undergoing EBRT had equivalent urinary function to expectant management (EM) at 12 months (P < .0001). Brachytherapy was the only treatment that posed an increased risk of urinary bother decline when compared with EM (P = .0217). EBRT alone did not show significant decrement in sexual function when compared with EM.
RP was chosen by patients of Caucasian ethnicity and patients with higher income and education level, despite providing the greatest risk of HRQoL decline. EBRT had no significant impact on urinary function, sexual function, or sexual bother scores at 12 months. EBRT may be offered to older patients with minimal HRQoL impact. Pretreatment counseling of HRQoL outcomes is essential to overall prostate cancer management.
Urology 11/2010; 76(5):1231-8. · 2.43 Impact Factor
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Kevin R Rice,
Yongmei Chen,
Amina Ali,
Eric J Whitman,
Amy Blase,
Mona Ibrahim,
Sally Elsamanoudi, Stephen Brassell,
Bungo Furusato,
Norbert Stingle,
Isabell A Sesterhenn,
Gyorgy Petrovics,
Siobhan Miick,
Harry Rittenhouse,
Jack Groskopf,
David G McLeod,
Shiv Srivastava
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ABSTRACT: Prevalent gene fusions in prostate cancer involve androgen-regulated promoters (primarily TMPRSS2) and ETS transcription factors (predominantly ETS-regulated gene (ERG)], which result in tumor selective overexpression of ERG in two thirds of patients. Because diverse genomic fusion events lead to ERG overexpression in prostate cancer, we reasoned that it may be more practical to capture such alterations using an assay targeting ERG sequences retained in such gene fusions. This study evaluates the potential of an assay quantitating ERG mRNA in post-digital rectal exam (DRE) urine for improving prostate cancer detection.
Patients scheduled to undergo transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the prostate were prospectively enrolled. On the day of biopsy, patients provided a urine sample immediately following a DRE. Urine ERG mRNA was measured and normalized to urine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA using the DTS 400 system. Demographic traits, clinical characteristics and biopsy results were analyzed for association with urine ERG score.
The study was conducted on 237 patients. Prostate cancer was shown on biopsy in 40.9% of study subjects. A higher urine ERG score associated significantly with malignancy on biopsy (P = 0.0145), but not with clinical stage or Gleason score. Urine ERG score performed best in Caucasians and in men with a PSA of <or=4 ng/mL (area under the curve = 0.8).
A higher urine ERG score in post-DRE urine is associated with the diagnosis of prostate cancer on biopsy. Urine ERG score performed particularly well in men with a PSA of <or=4.0 ng/mL, a segment of the screening population in which further diagnostic markers are needed to determine in whom biopsy should be done.
Clinical Cancer Research 02/2010; 16(5):1572-6. · 7.74 Impact Factor
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Eric J Whitman,
Jack Groskopf,
Amina Ali,
Yongmei Chen,
Amy Blase,
Bungo Furusato,
Gyorgy Petrovics,
Mona Ibrahim,
Sally Elsamanoudi,
Jennifer Cullen,
Isabell A Sesterhenn, Stephen Brassell,
Harry Rittenhouse,
Shiv Srivastava,
David G McLeod
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ABSTRACT: PCA3 is a prostate specific, nonprotein coding RNA that is over expressed in prostate cancer. Recent studies showed the diagnostic potential of a urine based PCA3 for predicting biopsy outcome. We assessed the relationship between urine PCA3 and pathological features in whole mount radical prostatectomy specimens.
Post-digital rectal examination urine specimens were obtained from 72 men with prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy. PCA3 and PSA mRNA were measured. The ratio of PCA3 to PSA mRNA was recorded as a PCA3 score and correlated with data on each prostate specimen.
Patients with extracapsular extension had a significantly higher median PCA3 score than patients without extracapsular extension (48.8 vs 18.7, p = 0.02). PCA3 score significantly correlated with total tumor volume (r = 0.38, p <0.01). On multivariate analysis PCA3 score was an independent predictor of extracapsular extension (p = 0.01) and total tumor volume less than 0.5 cc (p = 0.04). At a cutoff PCA3 score of 47 extracapsular extension was predicted with 94% specificity and an 80% positive predictive value. When combined with serum PSA and biopsy Gleason score, the ROC AUC for predicting extracapsular extension was 0.90.
PCA3 detected in the post-digital rectal examination urine of patients with prostate cancer correlated with pathological findings. Therefore, it could provide prognostic information. To our knowledge this is the first report of a molecular urine assay that predicts extracapsular extension.
The Journal of urology 10/2008; 180(5):1975-8; discussion 1978-9. · 4.02 Impact Factor
