-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The association between testosterone replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk remains controversial. Blood viscosity is a known individual risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of the long-acting injectable testosterone undecanoate (TU) on risk factors of cardiovascular disease.
In total, 24 male New Zealand white rabbits (2.5 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups of 8. Group 1 was used as control. Group 2 was castrated bilaterally and Group 3 was administrated with 6 mg/kg of TU at day 1 and 6 weeks after castration. Whole blood viscosity, total plasma testosterone, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), fibrinogen (FBN), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 18 weeks.
In the control group, whole blood viscosity and FBN were significantly increased at 6 and 18 weeks. Castration significantly increased the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C, but decreased Hct and Hb. In the TU injection group, whole blood viscosity was markedly decreased in all share rates, whereas the FBN level was increased. Hb and Hct showed a tendency for higher concentration at 6 weeks.
Long-acting injectable TU provides another reliable treatment option for testosterone replacement therapy. Moreover, the patients may receive additional beneficial effect in lowered whole blood viscosity.
Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada 03/2013; 7(3-4):E221-5. · 1.24 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To introduce a new repair technique, inverted V-shape, for penile paraffinoma without necrosis of the ventral skin anastomosed.
From March 2006 to July 2012, 34 patients underwent penile paraffinoma repair using the T-style or a new operation procedure, the inverted V-shape anastomosis with a bilateral scrotal flap. The patients were subdivided into 2 groups. In group 1, each patient underwent the T-style anastomosis. In group 2, each patient underwent the inverted V-shape anastomosis. Two circumferential incisions were made, one at the skin just proximal to the corona of the penis and one at the penoscrotal junction. Complete removal of the involved skin and subcutaneous tissue, including paraffinoma, was performed. Both scrotal flaps were drawn to the mid-dorsal portion of the corona after scrotal flaps were incised appropriately and sutured with a T-style anastomosis between the coronal and scrotal flaps. The ventral skin was anastomosed end to end to avoid the T-style anastomosis, similar to a dorsal anastomosis. We created an inverted V incision 1 cm below from the anastomosis site. The scrotal flaps were sutured layer by layer.
All 14 flaps survived completely without the necrosis of the ventral skin. The results were successful and without any major complications.
Penile resurfacing without the T-style anastomosis at the ventral corona with bilateral scrotal flaps is a new technique for repair of penile paraffinoma. It is an effective and reliable method, especially for the saving corona and scrotal flap anastomosed to the ventral penile body.
Urology 02/2013; 81(2):437-41. · 2.43 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Inverted papilloma of the urinary tract is a rare benign lesion. We report, to our knowledge, the first case of inverted papilloma of the prostatic urethra arising in a juvenile. Our patient was referred for evaluation of painless, gross hematuria and voiding difficulty. Transrectal sonography demonstrated a 1.4 cm papillary lesion on the medial aspect of the prostatic urethra. Cystoscopy showed a solitary, papillary tumor on the prostatic urethra. Transurethral resection was performed and histological examination showed an inverted papilloma.
The world journal of men's health. 12/2012; 30(3):192-4.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the preoperative factors that influenced postoperative sperm concentration after vasovasostomy.
We retrospectively reviewed 97 consecutive single-layer vasovasostomy procedures performed by a single surgeon between March 2003 and September 2010. The patients were stratified into three groups based on sperm concentration at 1 month follow-up: group I-azoospermia, group II-oligospermia, and group III-normal. We evaluated the preoperative factors that may have influenced sperm concentration at postoperative 1 month. Patients with serial semen analysis were divided into four groups according to the change in postoperative sperm concentration at the 6-month visit: group II-N-from oligospermia to normal, group II-O-from oligospermia to oligospermia, group III-O-from normal to oligospermia, group III-N-from normal to normal. We compared the pregnancy rate among the four groups.
The mean obstructive interval was 9.69 years in group I, 6.02 years in group II, and 7.82 years in group III. There were significant differences found among the groups (p=0.035). There was significantly different change in sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology between each of the groups. A total of 32 patients underwent serial semen analyses at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after vasovasostomy. There was no significant difference in patient age, obstructive interval, or follicle-stimulating hormone among the groups. The natural pregnancy rate in group II-O was lower than that in group II-N, and in group III-O was lower than that in group III-N. However, there was no significant difference among each of the groups.
The sperm concentration after vasovasostomy was significantly related to the obstructive interval between vasectomy and reversal.
The world journal of men's health. 12/2012; 30(3):177-82.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The effect of Cuscuta chinensis extract on the rabbit penile corpus cavernosum (PCC) was evaluated in the present study. Penises obtained from healthy male New Zealand white rabbits (2.5-3.0 kg) were precontracted with phenylephrine (Phe, 10 µmol l(-1)) and then treated with various concentrations of Cuscuta chinensis extract (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg ml(-1)). The change in penile tension was recorded, and cyclic nucleotides in the PCC were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The interaction between Cuscuta chinensis and sildenafil was also evaluated. The result indicated that the PCC relaxation induced by Cuscuta chinensis extract was concentration-dependent. Pre-treatment with an nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor (Nω nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, L-NAME), a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, ODQ), or a protein kinase A inhibitor (KT 5720) did not completely inhibit the relaxation. Incubation of penile cavernous tissue with the Cuscuta chinensis extract significantly increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the PCC. Moreover, the Cuscuta chinensis extract significantly enhanced sildenafil-induced PCC relaxation. In conclusion, the Cuscuta chinensis extract exerts a relaxing effect on penile cavernous tissue in part by activating the NO-cGMP pathway, and it may improve erectile dysfunction (ED), which does not completely respond to sildenafil citrate.Asian Journal of Andrology advance online publication, 12 November 2012; doi:10.1038/aja.2012.124.
Asian Journal of Andrology 11/2012; · 1.52 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: An unusual case of juxtaglomerular cell tumor (JCT) is presented. A 29-year-old woman visited our hospital for the management of incidentally detected renal mass due to newly developed hypertension in the 20th week of pregnancy. Laboratory studies showed increased basal plasma renin activity and hypokalemia but serum aldosterone level was normal. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed about 2.4 cm sized multicystic mass in the right kidney. Nephron-sparing surgery was performed with excellent results. On histological examination, the tumor exhibited a structure typical feature of JCT. A few days later the patient's blood pressure had been normalized.
Clinical nephrology 10/2012; 78(4):325-7. · 1.17 Impact Factor
-
Sung Woo Kwon,
Byoung Kwon Lee,
Bum-Kee Hong,
Jong-Youn Kim,
Eui-Young Choi,
Ji Min Sung,
Ji-Hyuck Rhee,
Yoo Mi Park,
Dae Won Ma,
Hyemoon Chung,
Hee-Sun Mun,
Sung-Joo Lee, Jong-Kwan Park,
Pil-Ki Min,
Young Won Yoon,
Se-Joong Rim,
Hyuck Moon Kwon
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been considered a cardiovascular risk factor for many years, there is a paucity of data in regard to the potential risk of elevated Lp(a) in symptomatic patients with CAD. Therefore, we sought to evaluate whether elevated Lp(a) is associated with worse outcome in symptomatic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and to clarify the prognostic value of Lp(a) in the era of coronary artery revascularization. METHODS: 6252 consecutive subjects (59.2% male, mean age 61.2±11.2years) suspected of having CAD underwent coronary angiography. Laboratory values for lipid parameters including Lp(a) were obtained on the day of coronary angiography. Baseline risk factors, coronary angiographic findings, length of follow-up, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction were recorded. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up period of 3.1±2.2years, there were 100 MACE (56 cardiac deaths and 44 non-fatal myocardial infarctions), with an event rate of 1.6%. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, elevated Lp(a) was a significant predictor of MACE [hazard ratio 1.773 (95% confidence interval 1.194-2.634, p=0.005)], and the addition of this factor to the model significantly increased the global х(2) value over traditional risk factors and CAD (from 79.1 to 88.7, p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated Lp(a) is an independent prognostic risk factor for cardiovascular events, and moreover, has incremental prognostic value in symptomatic patients with coronary artery revascularization.
International journal of cardiology 09/2012; · 7.08 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To compare the gases generated from GreenLight High-Performance System (HPS) laser prostatectomy with Urosol or normal saline solution and transurethral resection and vaporization of the prostate (TURVP) with Urosol.
A total of 36 smoke samples were collected from a continuous irrigation suction system attached to a Tenax absorber during transurethral surgery of the prostate. The gases were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry equipped with a purge and trap sample injector.
The gas produced during TURVP contained propylene, allene, isobutylene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl acetylene, mercaptomethane, ethyl acetylene, diacetylene, 1-pentene, ethanol, piperylene, propenylacetylene, 1,4-pentadiene, cyclopentadiene, acrylnitrile, and butyrolacton. The types and amount of gas produced during HPS laser prostatectomy were fewer and smaller than during TURVP. However, 1,3-butadiene, a well-known human carcinogen, was also generated by HPS laser prostatectomy. HPS laser prostatectomy with saline produced a greater amount and number of gases than HPS laser prostatectomy with Urosol.
The surgical smoke produced from TURVP and HPS laser prostatectomy contains potentially harmful chemical compounds, although HPS laser prostatectomy produced less surgical smoke than TURVP. Urosol produced fewer types and a smaller amount of gas than normal saline during HPS laser prostatectomy.
Urology 05/2012; 79(5):1118-24. · 2.43 Impact Factor
-
Chen Zhao,
Sae Woong Kim,
Dae Yul Yang,
Je Jong Kim,
Nam Cheol Park,
Sung Won Lee,
Jae Seung Paick,
Tai Young Ahn,
Ki Hak Moon,
Woo Sik Chung,
Kweon Sik Min,
Jun-Kyu Suh,
Jae Seog Hyun,
Kwangsung Park, Jong Kwan Park
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Study Type - Therapy (RCT) Level of Evidence 1b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Avanafil is a potent selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor newly developed for treating erectile dysfunction (ED). Preclinical and clinical phase I studies showed that avanafil had enhanced selectivity, faster onset of action and a favourable side-effect profile relative to currently available PDE5 inhibitors. As the result of phase III clinical trial for the efficacy and safety of avanafil treatment (100 and 200 mg), taken as needed over a period of 12 weeks, in Korean patients with ED, avanafil is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for ED of broad-spectrum aetiology and severity. OBJECTIVE: • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of avanafil, a new potent selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). PATIENTS AND METHODS: • The present study was a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fix-dosed phase three clinical trial involving 200 patients with ED. • The subjects were treated with placebo or avanafil (100 or 200 mg) for 12 weeks and were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diary, and the Global Assessment Questionnaire (GAQ). • The primary outcome variable was the change from baseline for IIEF erectile function domain (EFD) score. • The secondary outcome variables were SEP Q2 and Q3, the shift to normal rate (EFD ≥ 26), and response to the GAQ. RESULTS: • Compared with placebo, patients who took 100 or 200 mg of avanafil had significantly improved IIEF-EFD score. • There were similar results when comparing Q2 and Q3 in the SEP diary and the GAQ. • Flushing was the most common treatment-related adverse event. • Most adverse events were transient and mild or moderate in severity. CONCLUSION: • Avanafil is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for ED of broad-spectrum aetiology and severity.
BJU International 03/2012; · 2.84 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The study sought to clarify the relationship between sex hormone levels and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia.
Between 2007 and 2010, serum total testosterone (TT), free testosterone, and estradiol were prospectively measured in patients who were transferred to our university hospital. The 924 subjects were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 646) were treated with an alpha blocker only and group II (n = 278) were treated with an alpha blocker + a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor over 3 months before their visit. Clinical conditions were assessed by digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), transrectal ultrasonography and maximum urinary flow rate and postvoid residual urine.
The mean age was 69.65 ± 6.56 years. The total IPSS and subscore (storage symptom) was significantly associated with age (p < 0.001/p < 0.05) and the TT level (p < 0.05/p < 0.05). TT level was significantly decreased in patients with ≥ 4 episodes of nocturia. The TT level was significantly related to the presence of severe LUTS (p < 0.05).
Endogenous testosterone may have a beneficial effect on lower urinary tract function and that a high frequency of nocturia may induce testosterone deficiency.
The Aging Male 03/2012; 15(2):90-5. · 1.52 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A defective penile prosthesis is disconcerting for the surgeon performing an implantation in a patient with erectile dysfunction. We became aware of the defective Titan penile prosthesis just after insertion of the left cylinder, which had an abnormal rotation (180 degrees) due to abnormal rotated tubing, which occurred at the manufacturing plant. We successfully performed the implantation by cutting and re-connecting the tubing between the cylinder and pump with a spare connector. When the surgeon encounters a defective penile prosthesis with abnormal rotation of the cylinder due to abnormal rotated tubing in the operative field, disconnection and re-connection of the tubing using an extra connector are alternative cost-effective maneuvers.
Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada 12/2011; 5(6):E116-8. · 1.24 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: TGFβ1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of vascular fibrotic diseases. Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis), which is used as an oriental herbal medicine, is effective in the treatment of vascular injuries that cause aberrant TGFβ1 signaling. In this study, we investigated whether S. chinensis extract and its active ingredients inhibit TGFβ1 signaling in A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells. We found that S. chinensis extract suppressed TGFβ1 signaling via inhibition of Smad2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Among the active ingredients of S. chinensis extract, schisandrin B (SchB) most potently inhibited TGFβ1 signaling. SchB inhibited sustained phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3. Moreover, SchB suppressed TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, which contributed to Smad2/3 inactivation. The present study is the first to demonstrate that S. chinensis extract and SchB inhibit TGFβ1 signaling. Our results may help future investigations to understand vascular fibrosis pathogenesis and to develop novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of vascular fibrotic diseases.
Biochemical pharmacology 11/2011; 83(3):378-84. · 4.25 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanism of capillarisin from Artemisia capillaris (A. capillaris) on rabbit penile corpus cavernosum (PCC). The pre-contracted New Zealand White rabbit (2.5-3.0 kg) penis with phenylephrine (Phe; 10⁻⁵ M) was treated with various concentrations of ethanol extract of A. capillaris (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL) and capillarisin, the active component of A. capillaris (10⁻⁷, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻⁵ and 10⁻⁴ M). Capillarisin was also applied to PCC tissues contracted with Phe, which were pre-incubated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5 Is). Cyclic nucleotides in the perfusate were measured by radioimmunoassay. The tissues were pre-incubated with Nω nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME, 10⁻³ M) and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 10⁻⁵ M) to block nitric oxide (NO) synthase and guanylate cyclase, respectively. Capillarisin induced penile relaxation and enhanced PDE5 Is-induced relaxation. Capillarisin increased cGMP and cAMP in the perfusate. The application of capillarisin on PCC pre-treated with L-NAME and ODQ significantly inhibited the relaxation. Capillarisin exerts the relaxing effect on PCC by activating the NO-cGMP and adenylyl cAMP signaling pathways and may become an alternative medicine for patients who want to use natural products to improve erectile function or do not completely respond to PDE5 Is.
Phytotherapy Research 11/2011; 26(6):800-5. · 2.09 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: What's known on the subject? And what does the study add? Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE) has been known to have relaxative effects on penile smooth muscle. A recent study showed that SCE could enhance slidenafil citrate-induced relaxation of penile corpus cavernosum. The current study investigated the mechanism of action of SCE and its constituents on corporal smooth muscle cells. And this study shows that SCE induced relaxation of CSM primarily through an endothelium independent pathway and the relaxation effects of SCE on corporal smooth muscle are, in part, due to the activation of K(+) channels and inhibition of TRPC6 channels, resulting in decreased [Ca(2+)].
• To evaluate the relaxant effects of Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE) on corporal tissue in the penis and to investigate the mechanism of action of SCE and its constituents on corporal smooth muscle (CSM) cells.
• The fruit of SC was collected and extracted with ethanol. Six SC lignans (schisandrol A, schisandrol B, schisandrin A, schisandrin B, gomisin N, and schisandrin C) were isolated and purified, and the chemical structures were confirmed by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and (13)C-NMR data. • Isolated rabbit CSM strips were mounted in an organ-bath system, and the effects of SCE were evaluated. • To estimate the intracellular Ca(2+) level ([Ca(2+)](i)), we used a Fura-2 fluorescent technique, and a conventional whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to measure the calcium-sensitive K(+) channels (K(Ca)), inward rectifier K(+) channels (K(IR)), and canonical transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6) currents.
• SCE induced concentration-dependent relaxation in contracted CSM tissue, and the removal of the endothelium did not significantly affect their relaxation potencies. • In CSM cells, extracellular application of SCE significantly increased whole-cell K(Ca) currents (117.4%) and K(IR) currents (110.0%). These effects were completely abolished by charybdotoxin or BaCl(2). • In contrast, carbachol-induced TRPC6 channel activity was significantly inhibited (87.3%) by SCE in green fluorescent protein-TRPC6 pcDNA transfected HEK 293 cells. [Ca(2+)](i) measurements showed that SCE effectively reduced basal [Ca(2+)](i) in both cell lines (CSM cells and A7r5 cells) and the [Arg8]-vasopressin (AVP)-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase in A7r5 cells. • Among the six SC lignans, schisandrin A and schisandrin B most effectively attenuated the AVP-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase.
• SCE induced relaxation of CSM that occurred primarily via an endothelium-independent pathway. • The relaxation effects of SCE on CSM were, in part, due to the activation of K(+) channels and inhibition of TRPC6 channels, resulting in decreased [Ca(2+)](i).
BJU International 09/2011; 109(9):1404-13. · 2.84 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Recent studies have shown that thermal therapy by means of warm waterbaths and sauna has beneficial effects in chronic heart failure. However, a comprehensive investigation of the hemodynamic effects of thermal vasodilation on coronary arteries has not been previously undertaken. In this study, we studied the effect of a warm footbath (WFB) on coronary arteries in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), as well as any adverse effect.
We studied 21 patients (33.3% men, mean age 60.8 ± 13.5 years) with CAD. Coronary flow Doppler examination of the left anterior descending coronary artery and coronary flow reserve (CFR) were performed and measured using adenosine before and after a WFB.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate did not change with the WFB. Mean velocity of diastolic coronary flow significantly increased (diastolic mean flow velocity: 18.3 ± 7.1 cm/sec initial, 21.5 ± 8.0 cm/sec follow-up, P = 0.002) and CFR significantly improved (1.6 ± 0.4 vs. 2.2 ± 0.5, P < 0.001) after WFB. The WFB was well accepted and no relevant adverse effects were observed. The change of CFR after WFB correlated well with diastolic function (E', r = 0.51, P = 0.031; E/E', r =-0.675, P = 0.002).
A WFB significantly improved CFR without any adverse effects in patients with mild-to-moderate CAD and can be applied with little risk of a coronary artery event if appropriately performed.
Echocardiography 08/2011; 28(10):1119-24. · 1.24 Impact Factor
-
Sang Hoon Song,
Hwancheol Son,
Kwang Taek Kim,
Sae Woong Kim,
Du Geon Moon,
Ki Hak Moon,
Kwangsung Park, Jong Kwan Park,
Sung-Won Lee,
Jae Seog Hyun,
Nam Cheol Park
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken to determine the impact on ejaculatory function of tamsulosin (0.2 mg) given once daily (OD) for 12 weeks and to identify risk factors for ejaculatory dysfunction in patients undergoing this treatment. Males with an International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥8 were enrolled in this study. All participants completed questionnaires, including the IPSS and the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ), and serum prostate-specific antigen, transrectal ultrasound and uroflowmetry with post-void residual were measured. After initiating 0.2 mg OD tamsulosin, patients were re-evaluated on the fourth and twelfth weeks of medication. The chi-squared test, the independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare means. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio for all risk factors. A total of 177 men constituted the study cohort. No significant difference was observed between baseline and follow-up for the erectile function, ejaculatory function, satisfaction, sexual activity and desire domains (EFD, EjFD, SDA and ADD) or for erectile or ejaculatory bother mean scores. After 12 weeks, the overall incidence of ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD) was 13.4%. Incidences of the seven different types of EjD (decreased frequency, delay, dryness, decreased strength/force, decreased volume, decreased pleasure and pain at ejaculation) were 2.4%, 3.1%, 3.9%, 3.9%, 6.3%, 7.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Baseline EjFD scores were higher for IPSS responders than for non-responders (26.09 vs. 24.06, P=0.03). An EjFD score reduction was more frequent in IPSS responders. The incidence of EjD was small, but not negligible and was more frequent in patients with less lower urinary tract symptoms, a smaller prostate, higher baseline MSHQ totals and higher EjFD scores.
Asian Journal of Andrology 07/2011; 13(6):846-50. · 1.52 Impact Factor
-
07/2011; , ISBN: 978-953-307-392-7
-
Eun-Jung Park,
Sang-Yeob Kim,
Su-Hwa Kim,
Chae Ryun Lee,
In-San Kim, Jong Kwan Park,
Sung Won Lee,
Byung Joo Kim,
Jung Nyeo Chun,
Insuk So,
Ju-Hong Jeon
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: SK&F 96365 has been widely used as an inhibitor of transient receptor potential (TRP) calcium channels in various physiological settings. However, growing evidence suggests that SK&F 96365 affects several cellular and molecular processes via uncharacterized off-target mechanisms. In this study, we showed that SK&F 96365 induces apoptosis and autophagy in A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells. The combined suppression of apoptosis and autophagy provoked necrosis rather than rescued cell death in the cells treated with SK&F 96365. In addition, we found that SK&F 96365 inhibits Akt–mTOR signaling pathways, which is comparable with the efficacy of other known Akt inhibitors. Our findings suggest that SK&F 96365 can be a useful agent for delineating the molecular mechanisms underlying crosstalk among cell death pathways.Highlights► SK&F 96365 induces apoptosis and autophagy. ► Combined suppression of SK&F 96365-induced apoptosis and autophagy provokes necrosis. ► SK&F 96365 inhibits Akt–mTOR signaling pathways.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 07/2011; 1813(12):2157-2164. · 5.54 Impact Factor
-
European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging 05/2011; 12(7):489. · 2.32 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are reported to experience more severe erectile dysfunction (ED) symptoms and respond less to ED treatments compared with patients with ED of other etiologies.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of udenafil for the treatment of ED in a larger number of patients with DM.
A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group design multicenter study, fixed-dose trial was conducted. The trial involved seven study sites in Korea, with 174 ED patients with DM. The subjects, treated with placebo, 100 mg, or 200 mg of udenafil for 12 weeks, were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diary, and the Global Assessment Question (GAQ) during the study period.
The primary efficacy parameter was the change in the erectile function domain (EFD) score of IIEF from baseline. Secondary parameters were IIEF questions 3 (Q3) and Q4, SEP Q2 and Q3, rate of achieving normal erectile function (EFD ≥ 26), and the response to GAQ.
Compared with the placebo, patients receiving both doses of udenafil showed statistically significant improvements in the IIEF-EFD score, respectively. However, statistically significant difference was not observed between the udenafil 100 mg and the udenafil 200 mg groups. Similar results were observed in the comparison of Q3 and Q4 of IIEF, SEP diary, and GAQ. The percentages of subjects experiencing at least one adverse event related to the study drugs were 3.6%, 15.8%, and 22.4% for the placebo, udenafil 100 mg, and udenafil 200 mg groups, respectively. However, these events were all mild in severity. Major adverse events were flushing, headache, nausea, and conjunctival hyperemia.
Udenafil was significantly effective for the treatment of ED, demonstrating statistically significant improvement in erectile function in patients with DM. The incidence of adverse events was relatively low and well tolerated in patients with DM.
Journal of Sexual Medicine 05/2011; 8(7):2048-61. · 3.55 Impact Factor
