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Annals of Saudi medicine 01/2013; 33(1):84. · 1.07 Impact Factor
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Case Reports 01/2013; 2013(apr15_1).
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ABSTRACT: It is well-established that lipid disorder is an important cardiovascular risk factor, and failure to reach optimal lipid levels significantly contributes to the residual cardiovascular risks. However, limited information is available on the management and the attainment of recommended cholesterol targets in real-world practice in China.
A nationally representative sample of 12,040 patients with dyslipidemia from 19 provinces and 84 hospitals across China were consecutively enrolled in this survey. Risk stratification and individual cholesterol target was established for all participants. This survey identified a high-risk cohort, with over 50% of patients had hypertension, 37.5% had coronary artery disease, and more than 30% had peripheral artery disease. Thirty-nine percent of all participants received lipid lowering medications. And the majority of them (94.5%) had statins (42.5% with atorvastatin, 29.0% with simvastatin, and 15.2% with rosuvastatin). However, the overall attainment for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target is low (25.8%), especially, in female (22.2%), and in patients with increased body mass index (BMI) (38.3% for BMI<18.5, 28.1% for BMI 18.5-24.9, 26.0% for BMI 25.0-29.9, and 17.4% for BMI≥30, P<0.0001). Subgroup analysis also showed the attainment is significantly lower in patients who were stratified into high (19.9%) and very high (21.1%) risk category. In logistic regression analysis, eight factors (BMI, gender, coronary artery disease, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, family history of premature coronary artery disease and current smoking) were identified as independent predictors of LDL-C attainment.
Despite the proven benefits of lipid-lowering therapies, current management of dyslipidemia continues to be unsatisfied. A considerable proportion of patients failed to achieve guideline-recommended targets in China, and this apparent treatment gap was more pronounced among patients with increased BMI, higher risk stratification and women.
PLoS ONE 01/2013; 8(4):e47681. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), which reflects the stiffness of both central and peripheral muscular arteries, has been frequently used as a simple index for assessing arterial stiffness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of arterial stiffness in North China based on baPWV measurements, and explore the associations between increased arterial stiffness and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS: Twenty-three community populations were established in North China. For each participant, parameters for calculating baPWV, including blood pressures and pressure waveforms, were measured using a non-invasive automatic device. All participants were required to respond to an interviewer-led questionnaire including medical histories and demographic data, and to receive blood tests on biochemical indictors. RESULTS: A total of 2,852 participants were finally investigated. Among them, 1,201 people with low burden of CVD risk factors were chosen to be the healthy reference sample. The cut-off point of high baPWV was defined as age-specific 90th percentile of the reference sample. Thus, the prevalence of high baPWV was found to be 22.3% and 26.4% in men and women respectively. After adjusted for age, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting glucose level, and smoking were significantly associated with high baPWV in men; while level of serum total cholesterol (TC), HR, SBP, and diabetes were significantly associated with high baPWV in women. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the age-specific cut-off points, the middle-aged population has a higher prevalence of high baPWV in North China. There exists a difference between men and women in terms of the potential risk factors associated with arterial stiffness.
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 12/2012; 12(1):119. · 1.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate epidemiological characteristics and differences in ankle-brachial index (ABI) among the natural population in Shanghai and Inner Mongolia, and to observe the prevalence of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
A total of 2604 volunteers from Shanghai and Inner Mongolia were selected by stratified cluster random sample. ABI was measured and related data were collected.
The ABI value in Shanghai was 1.074 ± 0.095, while it was 1.062 ± 0.075 in Inner Mongolia (P < 0.001). The prevalence of lower extremity PAD in Shanghai was 4.2%, while it was 1.9% in Inner Mongolia (P < 0.01). For males, the ABI value in Shanghai was 1.078 ± 0.105, and it was 1.075 ± 0.080 in Inner Mongolia (P > 0.05). For females, the ABI value in Shanghai was 1.073 ± 0.089, while it was 1.052 ± 0.070 in Inner Mongolia (P < 0.001). For males, the prevalence of lower extremity PAD of the in Shanghai was 4.7%, while it was 2.0% in Inner Mongolia (P < 0.05). For females, the prevalence of lower extremity PAD of in Shanghai was 4.0%, while it was 1.8% in Inner Mongolia (P < 0.05). The ABI values in age group of < 50 years in Shanghai and Inner Mongolia were 1.037 ± 0.082 and 1.055 ± 0.068, respectively (P < 0.05). The prevalences of lower extremity PAD in age group of < 50 years in Shanghai and Inner Mongolia were 7.6% and 1.2%, respectively (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in ABI value and the prevalence of lower extremity PAD between Shanghai and Inner Mongolia in both age group of 50 - 69 years and ≥ 70 years (all P values > 0.05).
The ABI value in Shanghai is higher than that in Inner Mongolia and the prevalence of lower extremity PAD in both males and females in Shanghai is significantly higher than that in Inner Mongolia. But they are lower than the level of western countries. In different age groups, the difference of the prevalence of lower extremity PAD between Shanghai and Inner Mongolia is only displayed in the age group of < 50 years, which may be related to the limited sample size. The natural population in Shanghai exposed artery atherosclerotic disease risk factors may increase and we need to pay more attention to the lower extremity PAD.
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi [Chinese journal of internal medicine] 10/2012; 51(10):774-6.
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ABSTRACT: With R, this study involved the application of the spline-based Cox regression to analyze data related to follow-up studies when the two basic assumptions of Cox proportional hazards regression were not satisfactory. Results showed that most of the continuous covariates contributed nonlinearly to mortality risk while the effects of three covariates were time-dependent. After considering multiple covariates in spline-based Cox regression, when the ankle brachial index (ABI) decreased by 0.1, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause death was 1.071. The spline-based Cox regression method could be applied to analyze the data related to follow-up studies when the assumptions of Cox proportional hazards regression were violated.
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi 09/2012; 33(9):969-72.
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Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 08/2012; 40(8):633-634.
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the effect of pitavastatin on blood glucose in patients with hypercholesterolemia, and to investigate the efficacy of pitavastatin in diabetic patients combined with hypercholesterolemia.
This study was a 12-week, multi-center, open-label, without parallel-group comparison, phase IV clinical trail.
Contrasting to baseline, the prevalences at week 4 and 12 post-treatment of abnormal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (FPG: 14.2%vs 14.1% and 11.0%; HbA1c: 14.3% vs 15.1% and 16.1%) in the safety set subjects without diabetes mellitus (DM), as well as in those with DM but not taking glucose-lowering drugs (FPG: 7/7 vs 4/7 and 5/7; HbA1c: 5/5 vs 4/4 and 5/5) had no significant changes (all P vaules > 0.05). Contrasting to baseline, the levels of TC [(6.51 ± 0.94) mmol/L vs (5.12 ± 0.93) mmol/L and (4.54 ± 1.00) mmol/L], LDL-C [(4.11 ± 0.79) mmol/L vs (3.02 ± 0.81) mmol/L and (2.51 ± 0.70) mmol/L] and TG [2.10 (1.53, 2.54) mmol/L vs 1.62 (1.26, 2.00) mmol/L and 1.35 (1.10, 1.86) mmol/L]at week 4 and 12 post-treatment in the per protocol set 55 subjects with DM were significantly reduced (all P values < 0.05); 33.3% of subjects at high risk and 10.0% of subjects at very high risk had achieved a TC target value; 55.6% of subjects at high risk and 40.0% of subjects at very high risk had achieved a LDL-C target value.
Pitavastatin has a safe effect on blood glucose and it could be used to treat diabetic patients combined with hypercholesterolemia in China.
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi [Chinese journal of internal medicine] 07/2012; 51(7):508-12.
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the effect of pitavastatin on high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in patients with hypercholesterolemia, and determine risk factors for the effect.
This study was a 12-week, multicenter, open-label, without parallel-group comparison, phase IV clinical trail.
There were 330 subjects in the per protocol set. Contrast to the baseline, the average levels of hsCRP in all of subjects and the group without a history of receiving previous statin medication at week 12 post-treatment decreased respectively 26.4% (1.20 mg/L vs 1.68 mg/L) and 27.5% (1.21 mg/L vs 1.97 mg/L, all P < 0.05). The results of multilevel models indicated that the average levels of hsCRP reduced with the passage of treatment time, the time-varying rate of per-visit was 0.97 mg/L (95% confidence interval 0.96 - 0.98). Controlled individual background covariates, the model predicted that pulse pressure and white blood cell count on the baseline had the significant positive effects on hsCRP (P < 0.01).
Pitavastatin decreases hsCRP in patients with hypercholesterolemia. The main risk factors for the effect are pulse pressure and white blood cell count on the baseline.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 06/2012; 92(24):1681-5.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the quality of life at baseline and at 6 months after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and investigate the related risk fators.
The prospective study included 210 consecutive patients undergoing CABG between November 2008 and March 2010, who met inclusion criteria and completed short form-36 (SF-36) health status survey at baseline and at 6 months after CABG. Change of quality of life and influencing factors on quality of life were analyzed.
Eight domains including physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional and mental health and two component summaries including physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of SF-36 were significantly improved at 6 months following CABG (all P<0.01). Moreover, the improvement on PCS was significantly higher compared to MCS (80.0% vs. 68.6%, P<0.01). Advanced age (P<0.05) and lower PCS score (P<0.01) prior to CABG were independent predictors of low PCS after CABG, while MCS could not be predicted by pre-CABG status (P>0.05).
The findings demonstrate quality of life is significantly improved at 6 months post CABG. Advanced age and lower PCS score prior to CABG are linked with low PCS after CABG.
Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 06/2012; 40(6):492-6.
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of pitavastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia in China under conditions of extensive usage.
This was a 12-week, multicenter, open-label, without parallel-group comparison, phase IV clinical trial.
There were 427 subjects in the safety set. The adverse events mainly included vomiting, myalgia and the elevations of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and creatine kinase (CK), etc. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was 4.22%. There were no significant differences between pre-exposure and post-exposure average levels of renal function indicators and blood routine examination item (all P > 0.05). None of them had a high AST/ALT value, i.e. > 3 times upper limits of normal (ULN), or had a high CK value, i.e. > 10 times ULN. There were 397 subjects in the per protocol set. At week 12 post-treatment, the blood levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in subjects without previous treatment decreased 24.6% and 31.0% respectively, that of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in subjects with HDL-C < 1.04 mmol/L increased 60.1% while that of triglyceride (TG) in subjects with TG > 1.70 mmol/L decreased 22.5% (P < 0.05). And 207 (92.3%) subjects were at a low risk, 46 (76.1%) subjects at an intermediate risk, 134 (47.8%) subjects at a high risk and 10 (40.0%) of subjects at a very high risk had achieved a LDL-C target value; the LDL-C goal achievement rate after switching from previous medication to pitavastatin was significant higher than that of pre-switching.
Pitavastatin demonstrates positive safety and efficacy. It may be used for the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia in China.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 04/2012; 92(14):968-73.
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ABSTRACT: To prospectively evaluate the change of quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents and explore the influencing factors of quality of life.
There hundred and thirty four consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome receiving drug-eluting stents implantation between September 2008 and December 2009 were enrolled. Of them, two hundred and ninety three patients completed 36-item short form health survey at baseline and 6 months after PCI procedure. Change of quality of life and influencing factors on quality of life were analyzed.
Compared with baseline, quality of life improved significantly after PCI in terms of both physical component summary and mental component summary [ (51.07 ± 20.39) scores vs. (61.69 ± 19.73) scores and (63.27 ± 20.00) scores vs. (68.81 ± 18.71) scores, respectively; all P < 0.01]. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that female, diabetes and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were independent predictors of physical component summary improvements post PCI (β values were -0.310, -3.880 and 1.302, respectively; P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Previous PCI and diabetes were independent predictors of mental component summary improvements post PCI (β values were -1.483 and -2.790, respectively; all P < 0.01).
Quality of life of acute coronary syndrome patients is significantly improved at 6 months after drug-eluting stents implantation. The predictors of physical quality of life improvement are female, diabetes, and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Predictors of mental quality of life improvement are previous PCI and diabetes.
Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 04/2012; 40(4):293-7.
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Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 02/2012; 40(2):89-91.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the change of quality of life (QOL) between elderly (≥ 65 years) and non-elderly (< 65 years) coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation.
Patients with CAD treated with DES between March 2009 and January 2010 were enrolled. All patients were prospectively interviewed at baseline and 6-month after DES implantation. Changes of overall health perception between the elderly and non-elderly patients were compared by using validated questionnaire (SF-36 health survey).
Scores for physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were significantly worse in elderly patients than in non-elderly patients both at baseline and 6 months after DES implantation (baseline: 45.3 ± 16.2 vs. 55.6 ± 22.2, 61.7 ± 21.5 vs. 65.6 ± 17.9; 6-month: 55.4 ± 19.9 vs. 66.7 ± 18.1, 65.9 ± 19.8 vs. 73.6 ± 16.8, all P < 0.05). QOL improved significantly after DES implantation for all eight scales and PCS as well as MCS in both age groups (all P < 0.01). The change of PCS score was similar between the two age groups (10.92 ± 7.62 vs. 10.53 ± 6.81, P = 0.43). Physiological function [22.11 (10.28 to 41.49) vs. 11.13 (-0.23 to 19.65), P < 0.01] improvement was better but the change of physical function, body pain and general health [6.65 ± 2.45 vs. 7.65 ± 2.16, 10.61 (4.38 - 14.47) vs. 21.20 (11.81 to 31.14), 2.10 (-2.30 to 5.70) vs. 4.72 (2.28 to 6.74), all P < 0.01] were worse in elderly patients than in non-elderly group. The improvement of MCS in non-elderly group was superior to elderly group [6.43 (3.11 to 8.70) vs. 5.52 (-1.01 to 9.33), P < 0.01] exampled by social function [8.14 (3.53 to 14.03) vs. 1.74 (-1.73 to 6.79)] and mental health score [1.26 (0.61 to 7.15) vs. 0.81 (0.59 to 7.18), all P < 0.01].
QOL is significantly improved in both elderly and non-elderly CAD patients after DES implantation. Improvement in physical health is similar between the two age groups, but the improvement of mental health is more significant in non-elderly patients than in elderly CAD patients.
Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 02/2012; 40(2):94-8.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the association of hypertensive target organ damage with abnormal ankle brachial index (ABI) in high-risk hypertensive patients.
During December 2008 to May 2009, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigated the prevalence of abnormal ABI (ABI < 0.90) in 2674 community-dwelling, hypertensive patients, who aged > 40 years, without coronary heart disease, stroke/transient ischemic attack or known arteriosclerosis, from 18 centers in China. Data were acquired through history, physical examination, laboratory and other diagnostic tests.
There were 2615 subjects eligible for the full analysis set. The high-risk hypertensive patients with arterial wall thickening, arterial wall thickening and slightly elevated serum creatinine had a higher prevalence of abnormal ABI than their counterparts respectively (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group, the abnormal ABI group had a higher serum creatinine level on average (P < 0.01). After adjustment for certain factors including investigation center, demographic factors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and CVD risk factors using an unconditional logistic regression model, arterial wall thickening (OR 2.416, 95%CI 1.395 - 4.183, P = 0.0016) and slightly elevated serum creatinine (OR 3.377, 95%CI 1.267 - 8.997, P = 0.0149) were positively associated with abnormal ABI. However, arterial wall thickening (OR 0.988, 95%CI 0.576 - 1.695, P = 0.9664) and microalbuminuria (OR 1.389, 95%CI 0.685 - 2.817, P = 0.3621) were irrelevant to abnormal ABI.
So far as a high-risk hypertensive patient is concerned, there are significant statistical correlations between arterial wall thickening and/or slightly elevated serum creatinine and an abnormal ABI, but no significant statistical correlations between arterial wall thickening or microalbuminuria and an abnormal ABI is observed.
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi [Chinese journal of internal medicine] 02/2012; 51(2):127-30.
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ABSTRACT: To explore the relationship and interaction of elevated fasting glucose and hypertension on cardiocerebral vascular disease.
10 054 males and females were recruited for our cross-sectional study during May 2007 to August 2007. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analysis the relationship between fasting glucose and hypertension on cardiocerebral vascular disease. A product of fasting glucose and hypertension was added to the logistic regression model to evaluate the multiplicative interaction and relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP) of interaction and synergy index (S) was applied to evaluate the additive interaction of the two factors. Bootstrap was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI) of RERI, AP and S.
After adjusting age, gender, smoking, drinking, body mass index (BMI) and region, the product of fasting glucose and hypertension was not statistically significant, which means there was no multiplicative interaction between the two. But the additive indexes RERI, AP and S with 95%CI of diabetes and hypertension were 0.64 (0.03, 1.25), 0.27 (0.01, 0.47) and 1.83 (1.02, 5.13) respectively, which means significant additive interaction was shown between the two on cardiovascular disease but not no stroke. And there were no additive interaction between impaired fasting glucose on cardiovascular disease or stroke.
Hypertension was independently related to cardiovascular disease and stroke in Beijing citizens, and diabetes were independently related to stroke. There was additive interaction between diabetes and hypertension on cardiovascular disease.
Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 01/2012; 40(1):57-61.
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the relevance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and abnormal ankle brachial index (ABI) in high-risk and very high-risk hypertensive patients and explore the strategies of prevention and treatment for peripheral arterial disease according to the CVD risk.
Between December 2008 and May 2009, the cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of abnormal ABI (ABI < 0.90) in 2674 community-dwelling, hypertensive patients, aged ≥ 40 years old, without coronary heart disease, stroke/transient ischemic attack or known arteriosclerosis, from 18 centers in China. The relevant data were acquired through history, physical examination, laboratory examinations and other diagnostic tests.
The number of subjects available for the full-analysis set was 2615. There was a rising prevalence of abnormal ABI with the advancing age in high-risk hypertensive patients and very high-risk ones (P < 0.001). Compared with the high-risk group, the 60 years (1.3% vs 5.1%) and 70 years (4.1% vs 10.5%) age sub-groups of the very high-risk group had a significantly higher prevalence of abnormal ABI (P < 0.05). After adjusting for such factors as investigational center, target organ damage, CVD risk and demographics, an unconditional Logistic regression model revealed that CVD risk was positively correlated with abnormal ABI (odds ratio 1.874, 95% confidence interval 1.153 - 3.045, P = 0.0112). A very high-risk hypertensive patient was 1.874 times more likely than a high-risk one to have an abnormal ABI.
A high-risk hypertensive patient with a higher CVD risk is more prone to have an abnormal ABI. Among the high-risk hypertensive patients in the 60 years and 70 years age sub-groups, such a positive correlation is especially pronounced.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 11/2011; 91(42):2985-9.
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ABSTRACT: A 23-year-old man with no history of heart disease was admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University for an abnormal electrocardiogram of ST-T changes mimicking myocardial infarction. Catheterization revealed normal coronary and peripheral arteries. The echocardiogram and delayed enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging indicated a markedly reduced left ventricular function and enlarged left ventricular cavity with evidence of fibrous tissue. Given the patient's history of multiple blunt trauma 7 years previously and acute myocardial infarction diagnosis at that time, he was diagnosed with traumatic myocardial infarction (TMI). We describe the natural course of such a patient with TMI. There is a possibility of spontaneous healing of coronary artery dissection induced by trauma. Although early revascularization may be helpful for preventing cardiac remodeling after TMI in some cases, more data are needed to compare the long-term outcome among different interventions in large sample cases.
Heart & lung: the journal of critical care 10/2011; 41(3):294-300. · 1.04 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The community medical center is the first barrier for lipid control. We aimed to survey the residents' cholesterol condition in the community, and pursue the reasons for the upsetting results from various aspects.
Residents and physicians were recruited from four community centers. Residents completed questionnaires and a physical examination as well as biochemical analysis. Physicians were also asked to complete a questionnaire, some of which were about basic knowledge of lipids.
About 37.0% male and 48.1% female had elevated cholesterol levels. Residents' blood pressure (BP), fasting glucose (FG), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) were positively associated with their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC). Framingham risk scoring (FRS) was strongly related to cholesterol (P < 0.001 for LDL-C and TC). Residents' higher education grade was positively related to a normal cholesterol condition (P < 0.001), while personal income was negatively related to it. Rural residents had higher percent of population with normal cholesterol level (normal cholesterol rate) than their city counterpart (P < 0.001). Although physicians with college education had a much higher lipid knowledge level themselves, the physicians' factors had almost no relationship with the residents' cholesterol levels.
Management of hypercholesterolemia should be an important component of health strategy in Beijing. Education is imperative for residents as well as for physicians.
Chinese medical journal 10/2011; 124(19):3030-4. · 0.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to observe the association between inflammation status/autoimmune antibodies and plasma lipid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
A total of 402 RA patients were admitted into our hospital during January 2008 to March 2009 and 225 RA patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected to perform a full lipid profile examination including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), anti-keratin antibody (AKA), anti-perinuclear factor autoantibody (APF) and complement (C) were also evaluated. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculate by the formula Log (TG/HDL-C).
(1) There were 12.9%, 10.2% and 14.2% patients with elevated TC, LDL-C and TC respectively, patients with reduced HDL-C accounted for 43.6%. (2) C(3) was higher in elevated TC group than normal TC group (P < 0.05). ESR and CRP were significantly higher in decreased HDL-C group than in normal HDL-C group (P < 0.05). CRP, C(3) and C(4) were significantly higher in elevated LDL-C group than in normal LDL-C group (P < 0.05). (3) Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that C(3) was positively correlated with TC (R(2) = 0.067, P < 0.05). Both ESR and CRP were negative correlated with HDL-C (R(2) = 0.202, P < 0.05). CRP and anti-CCP were positively correlated with LDL-C (R(2) = 0.129, P < 0.05). ESR and C(4) were positively correlated with AIP (R(2) = 0.046, P < 0.05).
This study showed that rheumatoid arthritis is associated with an abnormal lipid profile, especially in patients with increased inflammation markers and autoimmune antibodies. Moreover, ESR and C(4) were predictors of increased AIP in this cohort.
Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 10/2011; 39(10):941-5.
