C Arriagada

Publications (7)7.46 Total impact

• Source

  Available from: Mercedes Garcia Sánchez

  Dataset: Reduced dry olive residue phytotoxicity in the field by the combination of physical and biological treatments

  E Aranda, I Sampedro, M García-Sanchez, R Reina, C Arriagada, J A Ocampo, I García-Romera
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  ABSTRACT: Olive oil extraction generates large amounts of olive mill residues (DOR) which may be used as organic fertilizer. The influence of a combination of physical fractionation and saprobe fungal incubation on the phytotoxicity of DOR was studied. The physical fractions of DOR, obtained following extraction using ethyl acetate (EDOR) and wa-ter (ADOR) were less phytotoxic than DOR with respect to the shoot dry weight of to-mato. There was no relationship between the total phenol content of the different DOR physical fractions and their phytotoxicity. The saprophytic fungus Coriolopsis rigida reduced DOR and ADOR phytotoxicity and eliminated the phytotoxicity of EDOR. However, unlike the physical treatments of DOR, the decrease in the phenol content of EDOR and ADOR caused by C. rigida was closely paralleled to the decrease in their phytotoxicity. After 30 days of incubation, C. rigida was able to eliminate the phytotoxicity of EDOR on tomato plants grown in the field.
• Source

  Available from: Mercedes Garcia Sánchez

  Dataset: Suppressive effect of olive residue and saprophytic fungi on the growth of Verticillium dahliae and its effect on the dry weight of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

  C. Arriagada, M. García-Sanchez, R. Díaz, I. Sampedro, E. Aranda, I. García-Romera, J.A. Ocampo
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  ABSTRACT: The saprophytic fungi Aspergillus niger, Coriolopsis rigida, Fusarium lateritium, F. oxysporum, Mucor racemosus, Paecilomyces farinosus, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. restrictum, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma harzianum, T. pseudokoningii and T. viride were able to decrease the growth in vitro of Verticillium dahlie in the presence of aqueous extract of olive residue. The conidia number of V. dahliae decreased when grown on aqueous extract of olive residue, autoclaved or filtered through 0.45 micron filters after culture of the fungi. These results suggest not only the predominance of suppressive substances of a biological nature, but also the existence of nonbiological inhibitory substances. The olive residue decreased the negative effect of V. dahliae on shoot and root dry weight of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), by the antifungal compounds present in the olive residue and by the antifungal substances produced by the antagonistic saprophytic fungi grown in this residue. Keywords: crop residue, fungal antagonism, fungal exudates, phytotoxicity, antifungal compounds
• Dataset: Are plant cell wall hydrolysing enzymes of saprobe fungi implicated in the biological control of the Verticillium dahliae pathogenesis?

  M García, C Arriagada, I García-Romera, J A Ocampo
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  ABSTRACT: a b s t r a c t We studied the possibility that the antagonistic saprobe fungi Coriolopsis rigida, Trametes versicolor, Fusarium lateritium, Penicillium chrysogenum and Verticillium dahliae-2379 may control V. dahliae disease through the inhibition of the activity of hydrolytic enzymes produced by the pathogen. These saprobe fungi were able to decrease the growth in vitro of V. dahliae. The exudates produced by these fungi seemed to be the main factor responsible for their antagonistic effect. The exudates of all the fungi tested had endopolymethylgalacturonase, endoglucanase and endoxyloglucanase activities. Exudates of P. chrysogenum and V. dahliae-2379 had higher hydrolytic activities than those of V. dahliae. The saprobe V. dahliae-2379 did not decrease the growth of the pathogen V. dahliae but decreased its harmful effect on the growth of tomato. However, no inhibition of the activities of the hydrolytic enzyme of the pathogenic V. dahliae by the no pathogenic V. dahliae-2379 or by the other saprobe fungi was observed. Nevertheless, the protection of tomato by the five antagonistic saprobe fungi against V. dahliae disease could be carried out by the induction of plant defense by the hydrolytic enzymes produced by these fungi.
• Source

  Available from: bashanfoundation.org

  Article: Improved zinc tolerance in Eucalyptus globulus inoculated with Glomus deserticola and Trametes versicolor or Coriolopsis rigida

  C Arriagada, G Pereira, I Garc Ia-Romera, J A Ocampo
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  ABSTRACT: a b s t r a c t The potential of interactions between saprophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to improve Eucalyptus globulus grown in soil contaminated with Zn were investigated. The presence of 100 mg kg À1 Zn decreased the shoot and root dry weight of E. globulus colonized with Glomus deserticola less than in plants not colonized with AM. Zn also decreased the extent of root length colonization by AM and the AM fungus metabolic activity, measured as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity of the fungal mycelium inside the E. globulus root. The saprophytic fungi Trametes versicolor and Coriolopsis rigida increased the shoot dry weight and the tolerance of E. globulus to Zn when these plants were AM-colonized. Both saprophytic fungi increased the percentage of AM root length colonization and elevated G. deserticola SDH activity in the presence of all Zn concentrations applied to the soil. In the presence of 500 and 1000 mg kg À1 Zn, there were higher metal concentrations in roots and shoots of AM than in non-AM plants; furthermore, both saprophytic fungi increased Zn uptake by E. globulus colonized by G. deserticola. The higher root to shoot metal ratio observed in mycorrhizal E. globulus plants indicates that G. deserticola enhanced Zn uptake and accumulation in the root system, playing a filtering/ sequestering role in the presence of Zn. However, saprophytic fungi did not increase the root to shoot Zn ratio in mycorrhizal E. globulus plants. The effect of the saprophytic fungi on the tolerance and the accumulation of Zn in E. globulus was mediated by its effect on the colonization and metabolic activity of the AM fungi.
  11/2009;
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  Available from: bashanfoundation.org

  Article: Interactions of Trametes versicolor, Coriolopsis rigida and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus deserticola on the copper tolerance of Eucalyptus globulus.

  C Arriagada, E Aranda, I Sampedro, I Garcia-Romera, J A Ocampo
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  ABSTRACT: The presence of high levels of Cu in soil decreases the shoot and root dry weights of Eucalyptus globulus. However, higher plant tolerance of Cu has been observed in the presence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus deserticola. The hyphal length of G. deserticola was sensitive to low Cu concentrations, and the percentage of AM root colonisation and the metabolic activity of the AM fungus were also decreased by Cu. Therefore, a direct effect of Cu on the development of the AM fungus inside and outside the root cannot be ruled out. E. globulus colonised by G. deserticola had higher metal concentrations in the roots and shoots than do non-mycorrhizal plants; however, the absence of a higher root to shoot metal ratio in the mycorrhizal plants (1.70+/-0.11) indicated that G. deserticola did not play a filtering/sequestering role against Cu. The saprobe fungi Coriolopsis rigida and Trametes versicolor were able to remove Cu ions from the asparagine-glucose growth media. However, plants inoculated with C. rigida and T. versicolor did not accumulate more Cu than non-inoculated controls, and the growth of the plant was not increased in the presence of these fungi. However, C. rigida increased the shoot dry weight, AM root length colonisation, and metabolic mycelial activity of plants colonised with G. deserticola in the presence of Cu; only this saprobe-AM fungus combination increased the tolerance of E. globulus to Cu. Inoculation with G. deserticola and C. rigida increased the E. globulus Cu uptake to levels reached by hyperaccumulative plants.
  Chemosphere 09/2009; 77(2):273-8. · 3.21 Impact Factor
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  Available from: bashanfoundation.org

  Article: Contribution of the saprobic fungi Trametes versicolor and Trichoderma harzianum and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus deserticola and G. claroideum to arsenic tolerance of Eucalyptus globulus.

  C Arriagada, E Aranda, I Sampedro, I Garcia-Romera, J A Ocampo
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  ABSTRACT: The presence of high concentrations of arsenic (As) decreased the shoot and root dry weight, chlorophyll and P and Mg content of Eucalyptus globulus colonized with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Glomus deserticola or G. claroideum, but these parameters were higher than in non-AM plants. As increased the percentage of AM length colonization and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in the root of E. globulus. Trichoderma harzianum, but not Trametes versicolor, increased the shoot and root dry weight, chlorophyll content, the percentage of AM root length colonization and SDH activity of E. globulus in presence of all As concentrations applied to soil when was inoculated together with G. claroideum. AM fungi increased shoot As and P concentration of E. globulus to higher level than the non-AM inoculated controls. The contribution of the AM and saprobe fungi to the translocation of As from root to shoot of E. globulus is discussed.
  Bioresource technology 08/2009; 100(24):6250-7. · 4.25 Impact Factor
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  Available from: bashanfoundation.org

  Article: Improvement of growth of Eucalyptus globulus and soil biological parameters by amendment with sewage sludge and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal and saprobe fungi

  C. Arriagada, I. Sampedro, I. Garcia-Romera, J. Ocampo
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  ABSTRACT: Sewage sludge is widely used as an organic soil amendment to improve soil fertility. We investigated the effects of sewage sludge (SS) application on certain biological parameters of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. The plant was either uninoculated or inoculated with saprobe fungi (Coriolopsis rigida and Trichoderma harzianum) or arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomus deserticola and Gigaspora rosea). Sewage sludge was applied to the surface of experimental plots at rates of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g 100 g− 1 of soil. Inoculation with both AM and saprobe fungi in the presence of SS was essential for the promotion of plant growth. The AM, saprobe fungi and SS significantly increased dry shoot weight. The AM fungi induced a significant increase in Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) activity but did not increase β-glucosidase activity. Addition of SS to AM-inoculated soil did not affect either FDA or α-glucosidase activities in plants from soil that was either uninoculated or inoculated with the saprobe fungi. SS increased β-glucosidase activity when it was applied at 4 g 100 g− 1. SS negatively affected AM colonization as well as the mycelium SDH activity for both mycorrhizal fungi. SS increased Eucalyptus shoot biomass and enhanced its nutrient status. Inoculation of the soil with G. deserticola stimulated significant E. globulus growth and increases in shoot tissue content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Fe. Dual inoculation with G. deserticola and either of the saprobe fungi had positive effects on K, Ca, Mg and Fe contents. The application of 8 g 100 g− 1 of SS had no positive effects on plant nutrition. The experimental setup provided a suitable tool for evaluating SS in combination with saprobe and AM fungi as a biological fertiliser for its beneficial effects on E. globulus plant growth.
  Science of The Total Environment.