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Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 12/2006; 694(1):302 - 304. · 3.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To assess the relationship between clinical outcomes for children treated for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and salivary mutans streptococci (MS) levels.
The study cohort consisted of 79 children (42 males, 37 females) treated for ECC, aged from 2.3 to 7.3 years at time of entry. Whole non-stimulated saliva samples were obtained from each subject prior to dental surgery and at 6 mths post dental surgery, by saturating a cotton swab in the saliva pooled in the floor of the mouth. Samples were placed into PBS on ice and processed within 2 hours. Samples were sonicated, serially diluted and plated onto MSB and SBA agar plates, then incubated 48 hours anaerobically; SBA plates were incubated an additional 24 hours aerobically. The MS level in each sample was expressed as a percentage of the total cultivable flora. The cohort was evaluated for new caries lesions at 6 months post dental surgery. Relapse was defined as the presence of new smooth surface caries lesions.
Comparisons between Relapse (R) and Non-Relapse (NR) groups with respect to mutans streptococci levels were performed using Wilcoxon tests. Within group comparisons were performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
57 children (72%) returned for the 6 months examination and 21 of these subjects (37%) relapsed. No statistically significant difference in median salivary MS levels existed between the R (0.20%) and NR (0.033%) groups at baseline (p=0.647) or at 6 months post dental surgery (R=0.03%; NR=0.01%; p=0.273). A statistically significant difference between baseline and 6 months post dental surgery was noted in the median salivary MS level within the R group (p=0.0007) and within the NR group (P<0.0001).
The relapse rate (37%) was high and rapid for children treated for ECC. Dental surgery resulted in a statistically significant reduction in salivary MS reservoirs for children treated for ECC. However, this did not translate into acceptable clinical outcomes.
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. Official Journal of the Italian Society of Paediatric Dentistry. 09/2004; 5(3):143-6. · 0.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To assess the relationship between clinical outcomes for children treated for ECC and health locus of control.
The study cohort consisted of 79 children (42 males, 37 females) treated for ECC; age range was 2.3-7.3 years (mean 4.2 years) at the time of entry into the study. A questionnaire [developed by DeVellis et al., 1993] was administered to each child's parent(s) on the day of dental surgery. This questionnaire examined the expectation that healthcare outcomes in children are influenced by one of the following loci of control: Professional, Parent, Child, Media, Fate and Divine. The cohort was evaluated for new caries lesions at 6 months post dental surgery. Relapse was defined as the presence of new smooth surface caries lesions.
For each locus, the scores for the Relapse versus Non-relapse groups (returning patients) and the scores for the returning versus non-returning patients were compared using t-tests.
57 children (72%) returned for follow-up and 21 of these 57 (37%) relapsed. No statistically significant difference for Relapse versus Non-relapse groups was indicated with respect to the scores for any locus parameter (p values ranged from 0.35 to 0.95). Returning parents (N=57) versus non- returning parents (N=22) exhibited statistically significant differences with respect to the Parent, Divine and Fate loci. Returning parents exhibited higher scores on the Parent locus (p=0.0392) and lower scores on the Fate (p=0.0024) and Divine (p=0.0031) loci.
1). The relapse rate (37%) was high and rapid for children treated for ECC; 2). no meaningful difference existed between the Relapse versus Non-relapse groups with respect to each health locus of control parameter; 3). parents who returned for follow-up care appeared to have an internal health locus of control while those who did not return had an external locus.
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. Official Journal of the Italian Society of Paediatric Dentistry. 07/2004; 5(2):76-80. · 0.44 Impact Factor
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A E Boneta,
A Neesmith,
S Mankodi,
H J Berkowitz,
L Sánchez,
K Mostler,
B Stewart,
J Sintes,
W De Vizio,
M E Petrone,
A R Volpe,
Y P Zhang,
J J McCool,
E Bustillo, H M Proskin
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ABSTRACT: To clinically evaluate and compare a dentifrice system in a dual-chambered tube, wherein one chamber contained sodium fluoride in a silica base and the other chamber contained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (Test Dentifrice delivering 0.243% sodium fluoride), to a dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (Positive Control Dentifrice).
This study was conducted in harmony with the published 1988 American Dental Association guidelines for studies geared toward the comparison of fluoride dentifrices. This 2-yr caries clinical study employed a double-blind, parallel-group design, and involved 5-17 yr-old children from the Central and South areas of Florida and from the Lares area of Puerto Rico. Qualifying subjects were stratified according to age and sex, and were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups, with multiple subjects in the same household all assigned to the dentifrice randomly allocated to the first among them. Caries examinations were conducted in accordance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines for the clinical evaluation of drugs to prevent dental caries. Two calibrated examiners performed all the measurements. After treatment assignment, study participants were instructed to brush their teeth at home with their assigned dentifrice at least twice daily. Brushing instructions were reinforced by indoctrination in proper oral hygiene techniques by dental professionals, supplemented by pamphlets supplied by the sponsor and yearly mailings to participants, emphasizing good oral hygiene and the need to enforce compliance with the study. Post-baseline examinations were performed after 1 yr of product use, and again after 2 yrs of product use.
Two thousand five hundred six (2,506) subjects completed this 2-yr study. For these subjects, the mean caries scores (DMFS, decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces) at baseline were 2.29 for the Test Dentifrice group, and 2.47 for the Positive Control Dentifrice group. For caries increments after 1 yr, the respective means were 0.69 for the Test Dentifrice group and 0.81 for the Positive Control Dentifrice group. Finally, after 2 yrs, the mean caries increments were 1.25 for the Test Dentifrice group, and 1.46 for the Positive Control Dentifrice group. No statistically significant difference was indicated between the treatment groups at baseline or between the 1-yr caries increment scores. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the 2-yr caries increment scores between the treatment groups. Relative to the Positive Control Dentifrice group, the Test Dentifrice group presented a 14.38% reduction in caries increment scores at 2 yrs. In accordance with the procedures and standards provided by the published guidelines of the American Dental Association for the comparison of the anticaries efficacy of fluoride dentifrices, the results of this study support the conclusion that the dentifrice system in a dual-chambered tube, wherein one chamber contained sodium fluoride in a silica base and the other chamber contained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, delivering 0.243% sodium fluoride, provided a superior level of anticaries efficacy than did the dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base.
American journal of dentistry 06/2001; 14 Spec No:13A-17A. · 0.76 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To clinically evaluate and compare a dentifrice system in a dual-chambered tube, wherein one chamber contained sodium fluoride in a silica base and the other chamber contained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (Test Dentifrice delivering 0.243% sodium fluoride), to a dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (Positive Control Dentifrice).
This study was conducted in harmony with the published 1988 American Dental Association guidelines for studies geared toward the comparison of fluoride dentifrices. This 2-yr caries clinical study employed a double-blind, parallel-group design, and involved 6-10 yr-old children from the metropolitan area of Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil. Qualifying subjects were stratified according to age and sex, and were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups, with multiple subjects in the same household all assigned to the dentifrice randomly allocated to the first among them. Caries examinations were conducted in accordance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines for the clinical evaluation of drugs to prevent dental caries. One calibrated examiner performed all the measurements. After treatment assignment, study participants were instructed to brush their teeth at home with their assigned dentifrice at least twice daily. Brushing instructions were reinforced by indoctrination in proper oral hygiene techniques by dental professionals, supplemented by pamphlets supplied by the sponsor and yearly mailings to participants, emphasizing good oral hygiene and the need to enforce compliance with the study. Post-baseline examinations were performed after 1 yr of product use, and again after 2 yrs of product use.
Two thousand four hundred thirty-two (2,432) subjects completed this 2-yr study. For these subjects, the mean caries scores (DMFS, decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces) at baseline were 3.84 for the Test Dentifrice group, and 4.06 for the Positive Control Dentifrice group. For caries increments after 1 yr, the respective means were 2.02 for the Test Dentifrice group and 2.12 for the Positive Control Dentifrice group. Finally, after 2 yrs, the mean caries increments were 4.30 for the Test Dentifrice group, and 4.83 for the Positive Control Dentifrice group. No statistically significant difference was indicated between the treatment groups at baseline or between the 1-yr caries increment scores. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the 2-yr caries increment scores between the treatment groups. Relative to the Positive Control Dentifrice group, the Test Dentifrice group presented a 10.97% reduction in caries increment scores at 2 yrs. In accordance with the procedures and standards provided by the published guidelines of the American Dental Association for the comparison of the anticaries efficacy of fluoride dentifrices, the results of this study support the conclusion that the dentifrice system in a dual-chambered tube, wherein one chamber contained sodium fluoride in a silica base and the other chamber contained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, delivering 0.243% sodium fluoride, provided a superior level of anticaries efficacy than did the dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base.
American journal of dentistry 06/2001; 14 Spec No:19A-23A. · 0.76 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this two-year clinical study was to provide a comparison of the anticaries efficacy associated with two commercially available, American Dental Association-accepted dentifrices: Colgate Total Toothpaste, which contains 0.3% triclosan and 2% copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base; and Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat, which contains 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base. The study was conducted in harmony with the published 1988 American Dental Association guidelines for studies geared toward the comparison of fluoride dentifrices. The study employed a double-blind parallel-group design, and involved adults living in communities throughout Israel. Qualifying subjects were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups, with multiple subjects in the same household all assigned to the dentifrice randomly allocated to the first among them. Caries examinations were conducted in accordance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines for the clinical evaluation of drugs to prevent dental caries. Two calibrated examiners performed all of the measurements. After treatment assignment, study participants were instructed to brush their teeth at home with their assigned dentifrice at least twice daily. Brushing instructions were reinforced by indoctrination in proper oral hygiene techniques by dental professionals, supplemented by pamphlets supplied by the sponsor and yearly mailings to participants, emphasizing good oral hygiene and the need to ensure compliance with the study. Post-baseline examinations were performed after one year of product use, and again after two years of product use. Three-thousand, three-hundred and ninety-two (3,392) subjects completed this two-year study. For these subjects, the mean caries scores (DFS, decayed or filled surfaces) at baseline were 21.96 for the Colgate Total Toothpaste group, and 21.49 for the Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat group. For caries increment after one year, the respective means were 1.37 for the Colgate Total Toothpaste group, and 1.56 for the Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat group. After two years, the mean caries increments were 1.46 for the Colgate Total Toothpaste group, and 1.75 for the Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat group. No statically significant difference was indicated between the treatment groups at baseline. However, for both the one-year and two-year increments, there was a statistically significant difference between treatment groups. Relative to the Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat group, the Colgate Total Toothpaste group presented a 12.2% reduction in caries increment scores at one year, and a 16.6% reduction in caries increment scores at two years. In accordance with the procedures and standards provided by the published guidelines of the American Dental Association for the comparison of the anticaries efficacy of fluoride dentifrices, the results of this study support the conclusion that Colgate Total Toothpaste provides a superior level of coronal anticaries efficacy compared to Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 02/2001; 12(3):71-6.
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ABSTRACT: Two independent studies were conducted to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of two commercially available manual toothbrushes (Colgate Total Professional and the Oral-B Cross Action). Study I was a short-term, examiner-blind crossover clinical trial (N = 30) designed to measure the removal of 24-hour plaque build-up. All subjects refrained from brushing for 24 hours and were screened for dental plaque on the facial and lingual surfaces of all natural teeth using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index. Patients then received one of the two study toothbrushes and brushed their teeth for a timed one minute. They were then re-assessed for plaque. The data showed that the Colgate Total Professional toothbrush performed better than the Oral-B Cross Action toothbrush in reducing whole-mouth plaque scores (p < 0.001). Study II was a definitive six-week, single-blind clinical trial (N = 55), conducted in harmony with American Dental Association guidelines, to assess the ability of the two toothbrushes to reduce supragingival plaque and gingivitis. In this study, the subjects were stratified into two balanced groups based on their baseline plaque and gingivitis scores. Subjects were then instructed to continue with their normal brushing technique twice daily for one minute with their assigned toothbrush and a commercially available dentifrice. Examinations for plaque (Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index), and gingivitis (Loe-Silness Gingival Index) were conducted by the same examiner at baseline, after three weeks, and again after six weeks. The data from this long-term clinical trial showed that the Colgate Total Professional toothbrush exhibited statistically significantly lower plaque and gingivitis scores than did the Oral-B Cross Action toothbrush. The magnitudes of these differences were 29.5% for plaque and 31.1% for gingivitis. These reductions are adequate to support the claim that the Colgate Total Professional toothbrush provides clinically superior control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis, when studied in accordance with the criteria provided by the 1999 Guidelines of the American Dental Association for determining superiority.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 01/2001; 12(3):83-6.
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ABSTRACT: To provide a head-to-head comparison of the anticaries efficacy associated with two commercially-available and American Dental Association-accepted dentifrices: Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat, containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base, and Colgate Great Regular Flavor Fluoride Toothpaste, containing 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a dicalcium phosphate dihydrate base. The study was conducted in harmony with the published 1988 American Dental Association guidelines for studies geared toward this purpose.
The study employed a double-blind, parallel-groups, multi-center two-treatment design, and involved third, fourth, and fifth grade schoolchildren from Newark, New Jersey, and from the Cidra and Lares areas of Puerto Rico. Qualifying subjects were stratified according to age and sex, and were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups, with multiple subjects in the same household all assigned to the dentifrice randomly allocated to the first among them. Caries examinations were conducted in accordance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines for the clinical evaluation of drugs to prevent dental caries. After treatment assignment, study participants were instructed to brush their teeth at home with their assigned dentifrice at least twice daily. Brushing instructions were reinforced by the presentation of educational films and lectures at school, by semi-annual mailings to parents, and through the periodic distribution of small novelty gifts along with the dentifrice deliveries, in order to enhance the interest and enthusiasm of study participants. Post-baseline examinations were performed after 1 and after 2 yrs of product use. Two thousand four hundred seventy-nine (2,479) subjects completed this 2-yr study. For these subjects, the mean (S.D.) DFS scores at baseline were 2.77 (3.35) for the Crest group, and 2.66 (3.18) for the Colgate group. For caries increment after 1 yr, the respective means were 1.68 (2.53) and 1.70 (2.57). After 2 yrs, the mean caries increments were 3.56 (4.11) for the Crest group, and 3.56 (4.05) for the Colgate group.
The analysis of the 2-yr caries increment scores support the conclusion that the anticaries efficacy associated with Colgate Great Regular Flavor Fluoride Toothpaste is equivalent to that associated with Crest Cavity Fighting Toothpaste with Fluoristat, in accordance with the procedures and standards provided by the published guidelines of the American Dental Association. Further, consistent with those same standards, the results of this study serve to lend additional support to the conclusion that dentifrices formulated with sodium monofluorophosphate provide an equivalent level of anticaries efficacy as to those formulated with sodium fluoride.
American journal of dentistry 09/2000; 13(4):221-6. · 0.76 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the relative effectiveness provided by a new dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice) for reducing dentin hypersensitivity over an 8-wk period, as compared to that provided by a commercially-available antihypersensitivity dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a dicalcium phosphate base (Fresh Mint Sensodyne dentifrice).
To qualify for participation in this examiner-blind clinical study, male and female adults from the central New Jersey area were required to present with tactile and air blast dentin hypersensitivity in at least two non-molar teeth at two examinations, spaced 1 wk apart. Qualifying subjects were randomized into two treatment groups, which were balanced for gender, age, and baseline sensitivity scores. Subjects were provided with a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for tactile and air blast sensitivity were repeated after 4 wks' use of the study dentifrices, and again after 8 wks' usage. 97 subjects complied with the protocol, and completed the entire study.
After 4 wks, subjects assigned to the Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice group exhibited a statistically significant improvement over the Sensodyne dentifrice group with respect to tactile sensitivity scores, and a statistically significant improvement over the Sensodyne dentifrice group with respect to air blast sensitivity scores. Correspondingly significant improvements were presented after 8 wks. Thus, the results of this examiner-blind clinical study support the conclusion that the Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base provided superior levels of control of tactile and air blast sensitivity than the clinically tested, commercially-available anti-hypersensitivity dentifrice Sensodyne dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a dicalcium phosphate base.
American journal of dentistry 07/2000; 13(3):116-20. · 0.76 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the relative effectiveness provided by a new dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength) for reducing dentin hypersensitivity over an 8-wk period, as compared to that provided by a commercially-available antihypersensitivity dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a dicalcium phosphate base (Fresh Mint Sensodyne dentifrice).
To qualify for participation in this examiner-blind study, male and female adults from the San Francisco, California area were required to present with tactile and air blast dentin hypersensitivity in at least 2 non-molar teeth at two examinations, spaced 1 wk apart. Qualifying subjects were randomized into two treatment groups, which were balanced for gender, age, and baseline sensitivity scores. Subjects were provided with a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for tactile and air blast sensitivity were repeated after 4 wks' use of the study dentifrices, and again after 8 wks' usage.
101 subjects complied with the protocol, and completed the entire study. After 4 wks, subjects assigned to the Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength group exhibited a statistically significant improvement over the Fresh Mint Sensodyne dentifrice group with respect to tactile sensitivity scores, and a statistically significant improvement over the Sensodyne dentifrice group with respect to air blast sensitivity scores. Correspondingly significant improvements were presented after 8 wks. Thus, the results of this examiner-blind clinical study support the conclusion that Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice provided superior levels of control of tactile and air blast sensitivity than did the clinically tested, commercially-available Sensodyne anti-hypersensitivity dentifrice.
American journal of dentistry 07/2000; 13(3):111-5. · 0.76 Impact Factor
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A Stabholz,
L Shapira,
D Mahler,
Y Gellman,
T Ramon,
E Dolev,
M Schwartz,
L Berger, H M Proskin,
R D Finkelman,
M Flashner,
B Kolatch,
A Soskolne
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ABSTRACT: Multicenter clinical trials have established that the adjunctive use of the subgingival controlled release of chlorhexidine, in the form of the PerioChip, significantly reduces pocket probing depth, improves probing attachment levels, and reduces bleeding on probing compared to scaling and root planing alone, for periods up to 9 months. The purpose of the present study was to report on the adjunctive use of the PerioChip for the long-term management of adult periodontitis for 2 years. A total of 836 patients with adult periodontitis from private dental offices were recruited into the trial. This interim report is on the first 72 patients to have completed the 2-year study. Treatments included initial definitive therapy followed by PerioChip placement in pocket sites with a pocket probing depth of > or = 5 mm after 1 month. Subsequently, the patients received routine periodontal maintenance therapy together with the placement of a PerioChip in pockets with pocket probing depths > or = 5 mm every 3 months. Results indicated that there was a continuous decrease in pocket probing depth over the 2 years (1.26 +/- 0.77 mm). This decrease in pocket probing depth was marked over the first 9 to 12 months, and then appeared to be less marked over the next 12 months. At 2 years, 60% of the patients had at least 2 pockets showing a reduction of 2 mm or more, and only 10% of the patients showed no change or increased pocket probing depth. The results indicate that adjunctive PerioChip use is a clinically effective treatment option for dental professionals and their patients for the long-term management of adult periodontitis.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J.: 1995) 05/2000; 21(4):325-8, 330, 332 passim; quiz 338.
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this double-blind clinical study, conducted in harmony with the Volpe-Manhold design for studies of dental calculus, was to compare the effect on supragingival calculus formation of a dentifrice containing pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (Test Dentifrice), to that of a commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, disodium pyrophosphate, and tetrasodium pyrophosphate in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (Positive Control Dentifrice). Adult male and female subjects from the Northern New Jersey area were entered into the study, provided a full oral prophylaxis and assigned the use of a placebo (non-calculus-inhibiting) dentifrice for eight weeks. At the completion of this initial period, subjects were assessed for baseline Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index scores, provided another full prophylaxis and stratified into two treatment groups which were balanced for age, sex and baseline calculus. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for one minute with their assigned dentifrice, using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for dental calculus were again performed after twelve weeks' use of the study dentifrices. Eighty-nine (89) subjects complied with the protocol and completed the entire study. At the three-month examination, the Test Dentifrice group exhibited a statistically significant 31.0% reduction in the mean Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index score compared to the Positive Control Dentifrice group. The results of this clinical study support the conclusion that a new calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base is efficacious for the control of the development of supragingival calculus, and provides a level of benefit greater than that provided by a commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, disodium pyrophosphate, and tetrasodium pyrophosphate in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 02/2000; 11(3):68-71.
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this double-blind clinical study, conducted in harmony with the Volpe-Manhold design for studies of dental calculus, was to compare the effect on supragingival calculus formation of a dentifrice containing pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (Test Dentifrice), to that of a commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, disodium pyrophosphate and tetrasodium pyrophosphate in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (Positive Control Dentifrice). Adult male and female subjects from the Buffalo, New York area were entered into the study, provided a full oral prophylaxis, and assigned the use of a placebo (non-calculus-inhibiting) dentifrice for fourteen weeks. At the completion of this initial period, subjects were assessed for baseline Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index scores, provided another full prophylaxis, and stratified into two treatment groups which were balanced for age, sex and baseline calculus. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for one minute with their assigned dentifrice, using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for dental calculus were again performed after twelve weeks' use of the study dentifrices. Ninety-one (91) subjects complied with the protocol and completed the entire study. At the three-month examination, the Test Dentifrice group exhibited a statistically significant 27.3% reduction in mean Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index score as compared to the Positive Control Dentifrice group. The results of this clinical study support the conclusion that a new calculus-inhibiting dentifrice, containing pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base, is efficacious for the control of the development of supragingival calculus, and provides a level of benefit greater than that provided by a commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, disodium pyrophosphate and tetrasodium pyrophosphate in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 02/2000; 11(3):72-5.
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this double-blind clinical study, conducted using the Volpe-Manhold evaluation method for dental calculus, was to compare the effect on supragingival calculus formation of a dentifrice containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (Test Dentifrice), to that of a commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (Positive Control Dentifrice). Adult male and female subjects from the northern New Jersey area were entered into the study based on a pre-test (baseline) Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index score of 7.0 or greater, provided a full oral prophylaxis, and stratified into two treatment groups which were balanced for age, sex and baseline calculus scores. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for one minute with their assigned dentifrice, using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for dental calculus were again performed after twelve weeks' use of the study dentifrices. Seventy-three (73) subjects complied with the protocol, and completed the entire study. At the twelve-week examination, the Test Dentifrice group exhibited a statistically significant 43.5% reduction in mean Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index scores compared to the Positive Control Dentifrice group. The results of this clinical study support the conclusion that a new calculus-inhibiting dentifrice, containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base, is efficacious for the control of the development of supragingival calculus, and provides a level of benefit greater than that provided by a commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate and a copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 02/2000; 11(3):76-9.
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F Ayad,
B Demarchi,
A Khalaf,
R Davies,
R Ellwood,
B Bradshaw,
M E Petrone,
P Chaknis,
W DeVizio,
A R Volpe, H M Proskin
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ABSTRACT: This six-week double-blind clinical study compared the toothwhitening effects of a new calculus-inhibiting dentifrice containing pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate and copolymer in a 0.243 sodium fluoride/silica base (Test Dentifrice) with two commercially available dentifrices: Aquafresh Whitening Toothpaste with Fluoride and Crest Regular Fluoride Toothpaste. After a baseline examination for extrinsic tooth stain, qualifying adult males and females from Manchester, United Kingdom and from Mississauga, Ontario, Canada were randomly assigned into three test groups. Each group was balanced for gender, tobacco habits and levels of tooth stain. Subjects were to brush their teeth twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush using the assigned toothpaste. One-hundred and twenty-eight (128) subjects complied with instructions and completed the trial. Subjects using the Test Dentifrice exhibited statistically less stain area and less stain intensity than did either the Aquafresh or Crest groups. Crest Regular Fluoride toothpaste was statistically less effective than Aquafresh Whitening toothpaste in removing stain. Results in this trial support the conclusion that a new dentifrice formulation containing pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate and a copolymer, in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base, effectively removes extrinsic tooth stain.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 02/2000; 11(3):84-7.
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ABSTRACT: An 8-week, double-blind, three-way clinical trial compared the dentinal hypersensitivity-reducing effectiveness of a new dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength Toothpaste, Colgate-Palmolive Co.) with a commercially available desensitizing dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (Sensodyne Fresh Mint Toothpaste, Block Drug Company, Inc.) and a nondesensitizing dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Winterfresh Gel, Colgate-Palmolive Co.). One hundred nine subjects were stratified into three balanced groups according to gender, age, mean baseline tactile (Yeaple Probe), and thermal (air blast) scores. The test products were randomly assigned to each group with instructions to brush twice daily. Oral examinations with tactile and thermal assessments were repeated after 4 and 8 weeks. The new dentifrice group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in tactile and thermal sensitivity over the two control groups.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry. (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995). Supplement. 02/2000;
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this clinical program was to compare the efficacy of the Colgate Actibrush battery-powered toothbrush and the Oral-B CrossAction Toothbrush (full head, soft bristle) for the control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis. Two independent clinical studies were conducted: Study 1 (repeated 3 times) was a single-use, examiner-blind clinical study designed to measure the removal of plaque after 24 hours of no oral hygiene. Study 2 was a definitive 6-week, examiner-blind clinical study designed to determine plaque and gingivitis efficacy at 3 and 6 weeks. Sixty-one men and women, who had refrained from using oral hygiene procedures for 24 hours, were entered into the study and stratified into 2 balanced groups according to baseline (prebrushing) plaque and gingivitis scores. For Study 1, Modified Navy Plaque Index (Rustogi Refinement) scores were obtained prebrushing and after a 1-minute supervised brushing with the assigned toothbrush and a commercially available toothpaste. On 3 separate occasions, after 24 hours of no oral hygiene, the Colgate Actibrush battery-powered toothbrush removed significantly more plaque than did the CrossAction Toothbrush. For Study 2, subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily for 1 minute with the assigned toothbrush. Plaque Index scores and Löe-Silness Gingival Index scores were assessed after 3 and 6 weeks. At the 6-week examination, the group using the Colgate Actibrush battery-powered toothbrush exhibited a statistically significant reduction in both supragingival plaque and gingivitis, compared with the group that used the CrossAction Toothbrush. The results of these clinical studies support the conclusion that the Colgate Actibrush battery-powered toothbrush is clinically superior for the control of both supragingival plaque and gingivitis, as compared with the Oral-B CrossAction manual toothbrush.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry. (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995). Supplement. 02/2000;
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ABSTRACT: The effect on dentinal hypersensitivity from the use of a new formulation dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength Toothpaste, Colgate-Palmolive Co.) over a 14-day period was compared to a commercially available, nondesensitizing control dentifrice (Colgate Winterfresh Gel, Colgate-Palmolive Co.). A total of 66 subjects were entered into and completed the study. They were stratified into two balanced groups according to their baseline mean tactile (Yeaple Probe) sensitivity scores and air blast (thermal) sensitivity scores. The two groups were randomly assigned to use either the new formulation dentifrice or the commercially available control dentifrice. Participants were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute with their assigned dentifrice and a commercially available soft-bristled toothbrush. Dentinal hypersensitivity examinations (tactile and air blast sensitivity) were conducted at baseline and after 3, 7, 10, and 14 days' use of the products. All examinations were conducted by the same examiner. Participants who used the new formulation dentifrice containing potassium nitrate/stannous fluoride/silica demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in both tactile sensitivity and air blast sensitivity after 10 and 14 days' use of the dentifrice (p < 0.05), as compared to a commercially available control dentifrice. It was concluded that a new dentifrice formulation containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base provided a statistically significant reduction in dentinal hypersensitivity after only 10 days, as compared to a commercially available nondesensitizing control dentifrice.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry. (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995). Supplement. 01/2000;
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ABSTRACT: The effect on dentinal hypersensitivity from the use of a new dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength Toothpaste, Colgate-Palmolive Co.) over an 8-week period was compared to a commercially available dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (positive control [Sensodyne Fresh Mint Toothpaste, Block Drug Company, Inc.]) and to a commercially available nondesensitizing dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (negative control [Colgate Winterfresh Gel, Colgate-Palmolive Co.]). A total of 120 participants were stratified into 3 balanced groups according to baseline mean air blast (thermal) and tactile (Yeaple Probe) sensitivity scores, gender, and age. Participants brushed their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute. Dentinal hypersensitivity examinations were conducted at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks by the same dental examiner. After 4- and 8-weeks' use of their assigned products, participants in the new dentifrice group demonstrated statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) in tactile and air blast sensitivity, as compared to those using the positive and negative control dentifrices.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry. (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995). Supplement. 01/2000;
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this double-blind clinical study was to investigate the tooth whitening efficacy of a new commercially available calculus-inhibiting dentifrice (Colgate Tartar Control Plus Whitening Fluoride dentifrice) containing tetra-sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and PVM/MA copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base (test dentifrice), compared to a commercially available, non-tooth whitening dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (control dentifrice). Following a baseline examination for, extrinsic tooth stain, qualifying adult male and female subjects from the Manchester, United Kingdom area were randomized into two treatment groups which were balanced for gender, age and level of extrinsic tooth stain. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for one minute with their assigned dentifrice using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for extrinsic tooth stain were repeated after six weeks' use of the study dentifrices. Seventy-nine(79) subjects complied with the protocol and completed the entire study. At the six-week examination, subjects assigned to the test dentifrice treatment group exhibited statistically significant reductions of over 40% with respect to both extrinsic tooth stain area and extrinsic tooth stain intensity relative to those subjects assigned to the control dentifrice treatment group.
The Journal of clinical dentistry 02/1999; 10(3 Spec No):99-102.
