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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To characterize food and nutrient intake and develop a population-specific food list to be used as a comprehensive dietary assessment tool for Baltimore infants and toddlers aged 0--24 months. The data were used to inform the Growing Leaps and Bounds (GLB) program, which promotes early obesity prevention among Baltimore infants and toddlers.Research methods & procedures: A cross-sectional dietary survey using 24-hour recalls among randomly selected primary caregivers of infants and toddlers was conducted. RESULTS: Data were collected from 84 children, (response rate 61%) 45 boys; 39 girls. Mean daily energy intakes were 677 kcal, 988 kcal, and 1,123 kcal for children 0--6 months, 7--12 months and 13--24 months, respectively. Infants 0--6 months had higher percentage of energy from fat (48%) than infants 7--12 months (34%) and 13--24 months (31%). Mean daily intakes for all nutrients among 0--12 months old were >= Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI), while toddlers 13--24 months had inadequate vitamins A, D, and E intake. Breastfeeding occurred in 33% of infants and toddlers 0 to 6 months, while less than 3% of those aged 7 to 24 months were breastfed. A 104-item food list with eight food and drink categories was developed. CONCLUSIONS: Infants were formula fed with a higher frequency than they were breastfed. The consumption of high-sugar and high-fat foods (e.g. sweetened drinks, French fries) increased with each age group, which can increase the risk of childhood obesity.
Nutrition Journal 04/2013; 12(1):52. · 2.48 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States and mortality varies by ethnicity. The objective of this study was to examine the association between cancer mortality and dietary intake among a large multiethnic population. METHODS: A prospective cohort design was used to examine cancer mortality among 146,389 participants. Multiethnic cohort study participants represent five ethnic groups: African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, Latino, and Caucasian. Hazard ratios for cancer mortality by intake levels of five food groups and discretionary fat were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models stratified by sex and ethnicity. RESULTS: There were a total of 2,028 male and 1,464 female fatal cancer cases at the end of follow-up. Among Japanese American men only, there was a significant protective effect seen in those reporting a high grain intake (HR = 0.49, 95 % CI 0.35-0.69); there was no effect of grain consumption in any other ethnic-sex group. There was no evidence that ethnicity modified associations between fruit, vegetable, meat, dairy, or discretionary fat intake and cancer mortality among men. Associations between food group consumption and risk for cancer mortality among women were similar across ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS: The considerable reduction in cancer risk associated with high grain consumption among a specific ethnic-sex group, Japanese American men, warrants further investigation. Additional research is needed to validate this observation and determine whether this was a chance finding, or possibly due to differential intake of specific grain subtypes, and/or related to a sex-specific cancer type.
Cancer Causes and Control 01/2013; · 2.88 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Trinidad and Tobago has experienced an epidemiological transition over recent decades characterised by reduced rates of communicable diseases but rapidly increasing rates of obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases. The objective of the present study was to investigate the changes in energy and nutrient supply that have taken place in Trinidad and Tobago between 1961 and 2007. DESIGN: Food balance sheets for each year between 1961 and 2007 were downloaded from the FAOSTAT database and daily per capita supply for seventeen food commodity groupings was calculated. After appropriate coding, energy and nutrient supply were determined using dietary analysis software. SETTING: FAO food balance sheets for Trinidad and Tobago from 1961 to 2007. SUBJECTS: None. RESULTS: The food supply in 2007 provided an extra 1561 kJ (373 kcal)/capita per d than it did in 1961. Energy from carbohydrate as a percentage of total energy fell from 62 % in 1961 to 57 % in 2007, whereas energy from fat as a percentage of total energy increased from 26 % to over 30 % and now lies at the upper end of WHO recommendations. Sugars increased from 20 % to over 26 % of total energy and are well above WHO recommendations. When expressed on a nutrient density basis, supplies of vitamin A, folate and Ca are lower than WHO recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional imbalances in the Trinidadian food supply need to be addressed to combat the rise in nutrition-related chronic disease that is projected to cause increased disability and premature death in the country in the coming years.
Public Health Nutrition 01/2013; · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The prevalence of smoking in Aboriginal Canadians is higher than non-Aboriginal Canadians, a behavior that also tends to alter dietary patterns. Compared with the general Canadian population, maternal smoking rates are almost twice as high. The aim of this study was to compare dietary adequacy of Inuvialuit women of childbearing age comparing smokers versus non-smokers.
A cross-sectional study, where participants completed a culturally specific quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Non-parametric analysis was used to compare mean nutrient intake, dietary inadequacy and differences in nutrient density among smokers and non-smokers. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed for key nutrients inadequacy and smoking status. Data was collected from three communities in the Beaufort Delta region of the Northwest Territories, Canada from randomly selected Inuvialuit women of childbearing age (19-44 years).
Of 92 participants, 75% reported being smokers. There were no significant differences in age, BMI, marital status, education, number of people in household working and/or number of self employed, and physical activity between smokers and non-smokers. Non-parametric analysis showed no differences in nutrient intake between smokers and non-smokers. Logistic regression however revealed there was a positive association between smoking and inadequacies of vitamin C (OR = 2.91, 95% CI, 1.17-5.25), iron (OR = 3.16, 95% CI, 1.27-5.90), and zinc (OR = 2.78, 95% CI, 1.12-4.94). A high percentage of women (>60%), regardless of smoking status, did not meet the dietary recommendations for fiber, vitamin D, E and potassium.
This study provides evidence of inadequate dietary intake among Inuvialuit of childbearing age regardless of smoking behavior.
Nutrition Journal 01/2013; 12:27. · 2.48 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Diet-related chronic diseases are highly prevalent among indigenous populations in the Canadian Arctic. A community-based, multi-institutional nutritional and lifestyle intervention-Healthy Foods North-was implemented to improve food-related psychosocial factors and behaviors among Inuit and Inuvialuit in four intervention communities (with two comparison communities) in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, Canada, in 2008. The 12-month program was developed from theory (social cognitive theory and social ecological models), formative research, and a community participatory process. It included an environmental component to increase healthy food availability in local stores and activities consisting of community-wide and point-of-purchase interactive educational taste tests and cooking demonstrations, media (e.g., radio ads, posters, shelf labels), and events held in multiple venues, including recreation centers and schools. The intervention was evaluated using pre- and postassessments with 246 adults from intervention and 133 from comparison communities (311 women, 68 men; mean age 42.4 years; 78.3% retention rate). Outcomes included psychosocial constructs (healthy eating knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions), frequency of healthy and unhealthy food acquisition, healthiness of commonly used food preparation methods, and body mass index (kg/m(2)). After adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic status, and body mass index variables, respondents living in intervention communities showed significant improvements in food-related self-efficacy (β = 0.15, p = .003) and intentions (β = 0.16, p = .001) compared with comparison communities. More improvements from the intervention were seen in overweight, obese, and high socioeconomic status respondents. A community-based, multilevel intervention is an effective strategy to improve psychosocial factors for healthy nutritional behavior change to reduce chronic disease in indigenous Arctic populations.
Health Education & Behavior 12/2012; · 1.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Data are limited on how dietary sources of energy and nutrient intakes differ among ethnic groups in the USA. The objective of the present study was to characterise dietary sources of energy, total fat, saturated fat, protein, dietary fibre and added sugar for five ethnic groups. A validated quantitative FFQ was used to collect dietary data from 186 916 men and women aged 45-75 years who were living in Hawaii and Los Angeles between 1993 and 1996. Participants represented five ethnic groups: African-American; Japanese-American; Native Hawaiian; Latino; Caucasian. The top ten dietary sources of energy contributed 36·2-49·6 % to total energy consumption, with rice and bread contributing the most (11·4-27·8 %) across all ethnic-sex groups. Major dietary sources of total fat were chicken/turkey dishes and butter among most groups. Ice cream, ice milk or frozen yogurt contributed 4·6-6·2 % to saturated fat intake across all ethnic-sex groups, except Latino-Mexico women. Chicken/turkey and bread were among the top dietary sources of protein (13·9-19·4 %). The top two sources of dietary fibre were bread and cereals (18·1-22 %) among all groups, except Latino-Mexico men. Regular sodas contributed the most to added sugar consumption. The present study provides, for the first time, data on the major dietary sources of energy, fat, saturated fat, protein, fibre and added sugar for these five ethnic groups in the USA. Such data are valuable for identifying target foods for nutritional intervention programmes and directing public health strategies aimed at reducing dietary risk factors for chronic disease.
The British journal of nutrition 09/2012; · 3.45 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of a 161-item quantitative FFQ (QFFQ) that was developed to evaluate dietary risk factors for a colorectal adenoma case-control study. DESIGN: A cross-sectional validation study of the QFFQ against 4 d food diary using Pearson correlation coefficients, cross-classification, weighted κ statistics and Bland-Altman plotting. SETTING: Two hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. SUBJECTS: Ninety-seven healthy Japanese-Brazilian adults (40-75 years) were recruited. One participant was excluded from the analysis due to unusual energy intake report. RESULTS: Mean daily nutrient intakes from the QFFQ were higher than from the food diary. The mean Pearson correlation coefficient for nutrient intakes between the QFFQ and the average of the 4 d food diary was 0·43, and increased to 0·45 after correcting correlations for attenuation due to residual day-to-day variation in the food diary measurements. Adjustment for total energy and further adjustment for age and gender decreased the correlation; however, 77 % of observations remained in the same or adjacent quartiles with a mean weighted κ of 0·22. Bland-Altman plots on loge-transformed data showed no linear trend between the differences and means for energy, fat, protein, total folate and vitamin C. Compared with the food diary, the QFFQ showed consistently reasonable performance for dietary fibre, total folate, retinol, riboflavin and vitamin C. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation supports the relative validity of the QFFQ as a method for assessing long-term dietary intake. The instrument will be a useful tool in the analysis of diet-adenoma associations in the case-control study.
Public Health Nutrition 08/2012; · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Limited data exist regarding nutrient intakes and overall dietary quality in Canadian Arctic populations. This cross-sectional study determined the frequency of consumption of traditional meats (e.g. caribou, polar bear, seal, char and whale) and non-traditional store-bought foods including non-traditional meats (e.g. beef, pork and chicken), grains, dairy, fruits, vegetables and non-nutrient dense foods (NNDFs) (e.g. butter, chocolate, chips, candy and pop) by Inuvialuit adults (175 women, mean age 44 ± 14 years; 55 men, mean age 41 ± 13 years) in three remote communities in the Northwest Territories. Using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire, frequency of consumption over a 30-day period was determined for 141 commonly reported foods. Mean consumption of traditional meats (1.6 times/day), fruits (1 time/day) and vegetables (0.6 times/day) was less frequent than that of NNDFs (5.0 times/day). Nutritional intervention strategies are needed to promote more frequent consumption of nutrient-rich foods and less frequent consumption of NNDFs in these Arctic communities.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 04/2012; 63(7):782-9. · 1.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To compare dietary intake and quality among adult Inuit by smoking status.
A cross-sectional study using data from a validated quantitative FFQ.
Three isolated communities in Nunavut, Canada.
Adult Inuit (n 208), aged between 19 and 79 years, from randomly selected households.
Average energy intake did not differ between male smokers (n 22) and non-smokers (n 14; 16 235 kJ and 13 503 kJ; P = 0·18), but was higher among female smokers (n 126) compared with non-smokers (n 46; 12 704 kJ and 8552 kJ; P < 0·0001). Average daily nutrient intakes were similar among men and higher among female smokers compared with non-smokers for all nutrients (P ≤ 0·05) except n-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D and Se. Female smokers had lower intake densities of thiamin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, Mg, Na (P ≤ 0·05), protein, n-3 fatty acids, cholesterol, Fe (P ≤ 0·01), vitamin B12 and Se (P ≤ 0·001). Between 20 % and 50 % of male and female smokers were below the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for Ca, folate, Mg and vitamins A and K, and more than 50 % were below the DRI for fibre and vitamin E. The proportion of smokers below the DRI was lower for all nutrients, except fibre and folate among men. Among smokers, non-nutrient-dense foods and traditional foods contributed less to energy (-2·1 % and -2·0 %, respectively).
Adult smokers consumed fewer nutrient-dense, traditional foods, but had increased energy intake, which likely contributed to fewer dietary inadequacies compared with non-smokers. Promoting traditional food consumption supplemented with market-bought fruits and vegetables is important to improve dietary quality, especially among smokers.
Public Health Nutrition 01/2012; 15(7):1268-75. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to assess dietary adequacy and quality among Inuvialuit alcohol consumers and non-consumers in the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. Study design: Cross-sectional study.
A validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered to individuals (n = 216) of randomly selected households in 3 NWT communities to capture dietary intake and alcohol consumption over a 30-day recall period. The daily energy and nutrient intake, dietary adequacy and the top food sources of energy and selected nutrients were determined by alcohol consumption status.
Energy intake was higher among all alcohol consumers regardless of gender. Male alcohol consumers had lower nutrient intake density (per 4,184 kJ) of protein, cholesterol and several micronutrients (p ≤ 0.05), and female alcohol consumers had lower intake density of saturated fat (p ≤ 0.01), thiamine, folate and sodium (p ≤ 0.05). Among all men and women, 70-100% had inadequate intakes of dietary fibre, vitamin E and potassium. Non-nutrient-dense foods contributed similar amounts and traditional foods (TF) contributed 3% less to energy comparing alcohol consumers to non-consumers.
Nutrient inadequacies are prevalent among Aboriginal populations in the Canadian Arctic and may be exacerbated by alcohol consumption due to alcohol's effects on dietary intake, nutrient transport and metabolism. Adult Inuvialuit who consumed alcohol had increased caloric intake and consumed similar amounts of non-nutrient-dense foods and less nutrient-dense TF. Fewer dietary inadequacies were observed among alcohol consumers than non-consumers, which might be due to the increase in overall food intake among alcohol consumers; however, further exploration of volume and pattern of drinking might help explain this result.
International journal of circumpolar health. 01/2012; 71:17341.
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ABSTRACT: Dietary transition in the Arctic is associated with decreased quality of diet, which is of particular concern for women of childbearing age due to the potential impact of maternal nutrition status on the next generation. The study assessed dietary intake and adequacy among Inuit women of childbearing age living in three communities in Nunavut, Canada. A culturally-appropriate quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was administered to 106 Inuit women aged 19-44 years. Sources of key foods, energy and nutrient intakes were determined; dietary adequacy was determined by comparing nutrient intakes with recommendations. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was >70%, and many consumed inadequate dietary fibre, folate, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and vitamin A, D, E, and K. Non-nutrient-dense foods were primary sources of fat, carbohydrate and sugar intakes and contributed >30% of energy. Traditional foods accounted for 21% of energy and >50% of protein and iron intakes. Strategies to improve weight status and nutrient intake are needed among Inuit women in this important life stage.
Journal of Health Population and Nutrition 10/2011; 29(5):454-64. · 0.95 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Aboriginal populations living above the Arctic Circle are at particularly high risk of vitamin D deficiency due to limited ultraviolet B exposure (related to geographic latitude) and inadequate dietary intake (recently related to decreased traditional food consumption). Major changes in diet and lifestyle over the past 50 years in these populations have coincided with increased prevalence rates of rickets, cancer, diabetes, and obesity, each of which may be associated with vitamin D inadequacy. This review examines the risk factors for vitamin D inadequacy, the associations between vitamin D and disease risk at high geographic latitudes, and the recommendations for improving vitamin D status particularly among aboriginal Arctic populations. Traditional foods, such as fatty fish and marine mammals, are rich sources of vitamin D and should continue to be promoted to improve dietary vitamin D intake. Supplementation protocols may also be necessary to ensure adequate vitamin D status in the Arctic.
Nutrition Reviews 08/2011; 69(8):468-78. · 4.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Low-income, urban African-American youth are at higher risk for obesity and less likely to meet dietary recommendations than white, higher-income youth. Patterns of food purchasing among youth likely contribute to these disparities, but little published information is available.
To investigate food purchasing behaviors of low-income, urban African-American youth.
A total of 242 African-American youth, aged 10-14 years, were recruited from 14 recreation centers in low-income, predominantly African-American neighborhoods in Baltimore MD. Youth reported the amount of money typically spent on food, the source of this money, the place of purchase, and frequency of purchase for 29 foods and beverages. Data were collected in 2008-2009 and analyzed in 2009-2010.
Youth reported spending an average of $3.96 on foods and beverages in a typical day. Corner stores were the most frequently visited food source (youth made purchases at these stores an average of 2.0 times per week). Chips, candy, and soda were the most commonly purchased items, with youth purchasing these an average of 2.5, 1.8, and 1.4 times per week, respectively. Older age was associated with more money spent on food in a typical day (p<0.01).
Food purchasing among low-income, urban African-American youth is frequent and substantial. Interventions aimed at preventing and treating obesity in this population should focus on increasing access to healthy foods in their neighborhoods, especially in corner stores.
American journal of preventive medicine 06/2011; 40(6):625-8. · 4.24 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To create a food list and develop a draft quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) for Trinidad and Tobago.
A mixed sampling method was used to obtain a representative sample and trained interviewers administered 24-h dietary recalls. Portion sizes were assessed and the most frequently reported foods were tabulated.
Results are from 155 men and 169 women aged 21-64 years. The most frequently reported food items were: full-cream milk (64%), rice (61%), and sweetened fruit drinks (50%). Carbonated drinks were consumed by 28%. The most frequently consumed fruits were banana (23%) and citrus (22%); < 20% consumed a vegetable food item. The final QFFQ contains 146 items: 19 breads/cakes/cereals; seven rice/pastas/noodles; 12 dairy; 26 meats/poultry/fish/soy products; 15 fruits; 34 vegetables; six legumes; 11 other; 12 drinks; four alcoholic drinks.
A list of commonly consumed foods in Trinidad and Tobago was obtained and a draft QFFQ was prepared.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 05/2011; 62(6):636-41. · 1.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Based on substantial formative research, the authors developed and implemented a year-long corner store-based program in East Baltimore focusing on Korean American (KA) stores. To understand acceptability of the intervention by storeowners, the authors examined the motivating factors for program participation, barriers to program implementation, perceived effectiveness of intervention materials, and perceptions about the program. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews with seven corner store owners, field notes by interventionists, and a follow-up survey. Stores varied considerably in terms of owners' perceptions about the program, supportive atmosphere, and acceptability of intervention strategies. The storeowners who showed strong or moderate support for the program were more likely to sustain the stocking of promoted foods such as cooking spray and baked or low-fat chips after the program was completed as compared to less supportive stores. The level of support and active participation of storeowners can greatly influence the success of corner store-based nutrition interventions.
Health Promotion Practice 05/2011; 12(3):472-82.
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ABSTRACT: Over the course of the last 50 years the Republic of Ireland has gone from being one of the poorest countries in Europe to one of the richest; however, it is now experiencing increasing rates of obesity and non-communicable chronic disease. Although several national nutrition surveys have been carried out in Ireland since 1990, there is little information on the Irish diet before then. We analysed the FAO food balance sheets for Ireland from 1961 to 2007 in order to characterise the changes in energy and nutrient supply that took place during that period. Food balance sheets were downloaded from the FAOSTAT database and per capita supply of commodities was analysed using dietary analysis software. Energy from carbohydrate as a percentage of total energy fell from 55 % in 1961 to 46 % in 2007, whereas energy from fat increased from 29 % to 34 %; these values are well outside WHO recommendations for the prevention of chronic disease. Energy from alcohol as a percentage of total energy has doubled within the last 20 years. On a nutrient-density basis, vitamins and minerals met or exceeded WHO recommendations, apart from vitamin D, folate, Ca and Fe. Although there are methodological limitations associated with the use of food balance sheets, the present results demonstrate that the current imbalances in the Irish diet were already evident several decades ago. Because they are so long established, they will be difficult to reverse unless major public health nutrition interventions are implemented.
The British journal of nutrition 04/2011; 106(7):1078-89. · 3.45 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To calculate the nutritional composition of commonly consumed composite dishes in Trinidad in order to analyze dietary intakes obtained using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire developed specifically for the Trinidadian population.
Multiple weighed versions of each dish were collected from 53 participants throughout Trinidad. Nutritional composition was calculated using NutriBase Clinical Nutrition Manager.
A total of 359 recipes were collected for 89 composite dishes: 19 vegetable, 15 starches, 21 meat/meat alternatives, eight seafood, 10 sweets, five beverages, 11 snacks/miscellaneous items. For each dish, the average nutritional composition (energy and 32 macronutrients/micronutrients) was calculated per 100 g.
The calculated nutritional composition data of 89 commonly consumed dishes in Trinidad can now be used to assess dietary intakes and determine dietary risk factors for chronic disease.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 02/2011; 62(1):34-46. · 1.15 Impact Factor
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Simon G Anderson,
Novie Younger,
Adrian H Heald,
Marshall K Tulloch-Reid,
Wiyumile P Simukonda,
Jean-Claude Mbanya,
Maria D Jackson,
Beverley Balkau, Sangita Sharma,
Agatha Tanya,
Terrence Forrester,
Rainford Wilks,
J Kennedy Cruickshank
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ABSTRACT: Examining the relationship between glucose intolerance and dietary intake in genetically similar populations with different dietary patterns and rates of type 2 diabetes may provide important insights into the role of diet in the pathogenesis of this disease. The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between dietary variables and dysglycaemia/type 2 diabetes among three populations of African origin. The study design consists of a cross-sectional study of men and women of African descent aged 24-74 years from Cameroon (n 1790), Jamaica (n 857) and Manchester, UK (n 258) who were not known to have diabetes. Each participant had anthropometric measurements and underwent a 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Habitual dietary intake was estimated with quantitative FFQ, developed specifically for each country. The age-adjusted prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Cameroon was low (1·1 %), but it was higher in Jamaica (11·6 %) and the UK (12·6 %). Adjusted generalised linear and latent mixed models used to obtain OR indicated that each 1·0 % increment in energy from protein, total fat and saturated fats significantly increased the odds of type 2 diabetes by 9 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·16) %, 5 (95 % CI, 1·01, 1·08) % and 16 (95 % CI 1·08, 1·25) %, respectively. A 1 % increase in energy from carbohydrates and a 0·1 unit increment in the PUFA:SFA ratio were associated with significantly reduced odds of type 2 diabetes. The results show independent effects of dietary factors on hyperglycaemia in African origin populations. Whether modifying intake of specific macronutrients helps diabetes prevention needs testing in randomised trials.
The British journal of nutrition 01/2011; 105(2):297-306. · 3.45 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To examine how factors related to the home food environment and individual characteristics are associated with healthy food purchasing among low-income African American (AA) youth.
A total of 206 AA youth (ninety-one boys and 115 girls), aged 10-14 years, and their primary adult caregivers.
Fourteen Baltimore recreation centres in low-income neighbourhoods.
Cross-sectional study. We collected information about food purchasing, the home food environment, sociodemographic and psychosocial factors drawn from social cognitive theory. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with the frequency and proportion of healthy food purchases in all youth and stratified by gender. Low-fat or low-sugar foods were defined as healthy.
Youth purchased an average of 1.5 healthy foods (range=0-15) in the week before the interview, comprising an average of 11.6% (range=0-80%) of total food purchases. The most commonly purchased healthy foods included water and sunflower seeds/nuts. Healthier food-related behavioural intentions were associated with a higher frequency of healthy foods purchased (OR=1.4, P<0.05), which was stronger in girls (OR=1.9, P<0.01). Greater caregiver self-efficacy for healthy food purchasing/preparation was associated with increased frequency of healthy purchasing among girls (OR=1.3, P<0.05). Among girls, more frequent food preparation by a family member (OR=6.6, P<0.01) was associated with purchasing a higher proportion of healthy foods. No significant associations were observed for boys.
Interventions focused on AA girls should emphasize increasing food-related behavioural intentions. For girls, associations between caregiver self-efficacy and home food preparation suggest the importance of the caregiver in healthy food purchasing.
Public Health Nutrition 10/2010; 14(4):670-7. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of a 148-item quantitative FFQ (QFFQ) that was developed for the Barbados National Cancer Study (BNCS) to determine dietary intake over 12 months and examine the dietary risk factors. DESIGN: A cross-sectional validation study of the QFFQ against 4 d food diaries. Spearman's rank correlations (ρ), intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and weighted κ were computed as measures of concordance, adjusting for daily variations in the food diaries. Cross-classification tables and Bland-Altman plots were created for further assessment. SETTING: BNCS is a case-control study of environmental risk factors for breast and prostate cancer in a predominantly African-origin population in Barbados. SUBJECTS: Fifty-four individuals (21 years and older) were recruited among controls in the BNCS who were frequency-matched on sex and age group to breast and prostate cancer cases. RESULTS: Similar mean daily energy intake was derived from the food diary (8201 kJ (1960 kcal)) and QFFQ (7774 kJ (1858 kcal)). Rho for energy and macronutrients ranged from 0·66 (energy) to 0·17 (dietary fibre). The percentage of energy from carbohydrates and protein showed the highest and lowest ICC among macronutrients (0·63 and 0·27, respectively). The highest weighted κ was observed for energy (0·45). When the nutrient intake was divided into quartiles, approximately 34 % of the observations were in the same quartile. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation supports the validity of the QFFQ as a method for assessing long-term dietary intake except for dietary fibre, folate, vitamins A, E and B12. The instrument will be a useful tool in the analysis of diet-cancer associations in the BNCS.
Public Health Nutrition 09/2010; · 2.17 Impact Factor
