Corinne Sailleau

Publications (22)83.07 Total impact

• Article: NS3 of Bluetongue virus interferes with the induction of type I interferon.

  Emilie Chauveau, Virginie Doceul, Estelle Lara, Emmanuel Breard, Corinne Sailleau, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, Eliane F Meurs, Stéphanie Dabo, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil, Stéphan Zientara, Damien Vitour
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  ABSTRACT: Upon infection with Bluetongue virus (BTV), an arthropod-borne virus, type I interferon (IFN-I) is produced in vivo and in vitro. IFN-Ι is essential for the establishment of an antiviral cellular response and most if not all viruses have elaborated strategies to counteract its action. In this study, we assessed the ability of BTV to interfere with IFN-Ι synthesis and identified the non-structural viral protein NS3 as an antagonist of the IFN-I system.
  Journal of Virology 05/2013; · 5.40 Impact Factor
• Article: Acute Schmallenberg virus infections, France, 2012.

  Corinne Sailleau, Emmanuel Bréard, Cyril Viarouge, Alexandra Desprat, Virginie Doceul, Estelle Lara, Jérôme Languille, Damien Vitour, Houssam Attoui, Stéphan Zientara
  Emerging Infectious Diseases 02/2013; 19(2):321-2. · 6.79 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Damien Vitour

  Article: Validation of a Commercially Available Indirect Elisa Using a Nucleocapside Recombinant Protein for Detection of Schmallenberg Virus Antibodies.

  Emmanuel Bréard, Estelle Lara, Loïc Comtet, Cyril Viarouge, Virginie Doceul, Alexandra Desprat, Damien Vitour, Nathalie Pozzi, Ann Brigitte Cay, Nick De Regge, Philippe Pourquier, Horst Schirrmeier, Bernd Hoffmann, Martin Beer, Corinne Sailleau, Stéphan Zientara
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  ABSTRACT: A newly developed Enzym Like Immuno Sorbant Assay (ELISA) based on the recombinant nucleocapsid protein (N) of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was evaluated and validated for the detection of SBV-specific IgG antibodies in ruminant sera by three European Reference Laboratories. Validation data sets derived from sheep, goat and bovine sera collected in France and Germany (n = 1515) in 2011 and 2012 were categorized according to the results of a virus neutralization test (VNT) or an indirect immuno-flurorescence assay (IFA). The specificity was evaluated with 1364 sera from sheep, goat and bovine collected in France and Belgium before 2009. Overall agreement between VNT and ELISA was 98.9% and 98.3% between VNT and IFA, indicating a very good concordance between the different techniques. Although cross-reactions with other Orthobunyavirus from the Simbu serogroup viruses might occur, it is a highly sensitive, specific and robust ELISA-test validated to detect anti-SBV antibodies. This test can be applied for SBV sero-diagnostics and disease-surveillance studies in ruminant species in Europe.
  PLoS ONE 01/2013; 8(1):e53446. · 4.09 Impact Factor
• Article: Bluetongue virus serotype 8 virus-like particles protect sheep against virulent virus infection as a single or multi-serotype cocktail immunogen.

  Meredith Stewart, Eric Dubois, Corinne Sailleau, Emmanuel Bréard, Cyril Viarouge, Alexandra Desprat, Richard Thiéry, Stéphan Zientara, Polly Roy
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  ABSTRACT: Since 1998, there have been multiple separate outbreaks of Bluetongue disease (BT) in Europe with the largest outbreak ever recorded in Northern Europe caused by Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8). Coinciding with the BTV-8 outbreak, a virulent strain of BTV-1 emerged and co-infections of these two serotypes were reported. In response, we generated VLPs for BTV-8 and tested the efficacy of BTV-8 VLPs as a single immunogen and as a component of a multivalent vaccine, with VLPs of BTV-1 and BTV-2, in order to test if there was any interference between serotypes. All pre-Alps sheep vaccinated with BTV-8 VLPs developed a strong neutralising antibody response to BTV-8 and multivalent VLP vaccinated animals also developed neutralising antibodies to BTV-1 and BTV-2. There were no side effects observed due to the vaccination with either the single- or multivalent VLP cocktail. All VLP-vaccinated animals had no clinical manifestation of BT or viraemia after challenge with a virulent BTV-8 isolate. This data indicates that BTV-8 VLPs delivered as a single immunogen or as a component of a multivalent vaccine are highly efficacious. Moreover, there was no interference on the development of a strong protective immune response due to the combination of different phylogenetically unrelated BTV serotypes in the vaccinated animals. This report further highlights that BTV VLPs are safe and efficacious immunogens that are able to afford complete protection against a virulent virus challenge.
  Vaccine 11/2012; · 3.77 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Damien Vitour

  Article: Sensing and Control of Bluetongue Virus Infection in Epithelial Cells via RIG-I and MDA5 Helicases.

  Emilie Chauveau, Virginie Doceul, Estelle Lara, Micheline Adam, Emmanuel Breard, Corinne Sailleau, Cyril Viarouge, Alexandra Desprat, Gilles Meyer, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil, Suzana Ruscanu, Bernard Charley, Stéphan Zientara, Damien Vitour
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  ABSTRACT: Bluetongue virus (BTV), an arthropod-borne member of the Reoviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus that causes an economically important livestock disease that has spread across Europe in recent decades. Production of type I interferon (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-α/β]) has been reported in vivo and in vitro upon BTV infection. However, the cellular sensors and signaling pathways involved in this process remain unknown. Here we studied the mechanisms responsible for the production of IFN-β in response to BTV serotype 8. Upon BTV infection of A549 cells, expression of IFN-β and other proinflammatory cytokines was strongly induced at both the protein and mRNA levels. This response appeared to be dependent on virus replication, since exposure to UV-inactivated virus failed to induce IFN-β. We also demonstrated that BTV infection activated the transcription factors IFN regulatory factor 3 and nuclear factor κB. We investigated the role of several pattern recognition receptors in this response and showed that expression of IFN-β was greatly reduced after small-interfering-RNA-mediated knockdown of the RNA helicase encoded by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) or melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5). In contrast, silencing of MyD88, Toll-like receptor 3, or the recently described DexD/H-box helicase DDX1 sensor had no or a weak effect on IFN-β induction, suggesting that the RIG-I-like receptor pathway is specifically engaged for BTV sensing. Moreover, we also showed that overexpression of either RIG-I or MDA5 impaired BTV expression in infected A549 cells. Overall, this indicates that RIG-I and MDA5 can both contribute to the recognition and control of BTV infection.
  Journal of Virology 08/2012; 86(21):11789-99. · 5.40 Impact Factor
• Article: Co-circulation of bluetongue and epizootic haemorrhagic disease viruses in cattle in Reunion Island.

  Corinne Sailleau, Gina Zanella, Emmanuel Breard, Cyril Viarouge, Alexandra Desprat, Damien Vitour, Micheline Adam, Laurent Lasne, Arnaud Martrenchar, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, Laura Costes, Stéphan Zientara
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  ABSTRACT: Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) in deer have already been isolated in Reunion Island and have caused more or less severe clinical signs in cattle (EHDV) or in sheep (BTV), as observed in 2003. In January 2009, cattle in Reunion Island showed clinical signs suggesting infection by one or the other of these arboviral diseases. A study was set up to determine the etiology of the disease. Analysis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed on blood samples from 116 cattle from different districts of the island detected the presence of the EHDV genome in 106 samples and, in 5 of them, the simultaneous occurrence of BTV and EHDV. One strain of EHDV (7 isolates) and one of BTV were isolated in embryonated eggs and a BHK-21 cell culture. Group and subgroup primer-pairs were designed on the segment 2 sequences available in GenBank to identify and type the EHDV strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the genomic segment 2 (encoding the VP2 serotype-specific protein) of the isolates confirmed the serotypes of these two orbiviruses as BTV-2 and EHDV-6 and allowed them to be compared with previously isolated strains.
  Veterinary Microbiology 03/2012; 155(2-4):191-7. · 3.33 Impact Factor
• Article: The double-stranded RNA bluetongue virus induces type I interferon in plasmacytoid dendritic cells via a MYD88-dependent TLR7/8-independent signaling pathway.

  Suzana Ruscanu, Florentina Pascale, Mickael Bourge, Behzad Hemati, Jamila Elhmouzi-Younes, Céline Urien, Michel Bonneau, Haru Takamatsu, Jayne Hope, Peter Mertens, [......], Polly Roy, Eliane F Meurs, Stéphanie Dabo, Stéphan Zientara, Emmanuel Breard, Corinne Sailleau, Emilie Chauveau, Damien Vitour, Bernard Charley, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil
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  ABSTRACT: Dendritic cells (DCs), especially plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) upon infection with DNA or RNA viruses, which has impacts on the physiopathology of the viral infections and on the quality of the adaptive immunity. However, little is known about the IFN-α/β production by DCs during infections by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses. We present here novel information about the production of IFN-α/β induced by bluetongue virus (BTV), a vector-borne dsRNA Orbivirus of ruminants, in sheep primary DCs. We found that BTV induced IFN-α/β in skin lymph and in blood in vivo. Although BTV replicated in a substantial fraction of the conventional DCs (cDCs) and pDCs in vitro, only pDCs responded to BTV by producing a significant amount of IFN-α/β. BTV replication in pDCs was not mandatory for IFN-α/β production since it was still induced by UV-inactivated BTV (UV-BTV). Other inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-12p40, were also induced by UV-BTV in primary pDCs. The induction of IFN-α/β required endo-/lysosomal acidification and maturation. However, despite being an RNA virus, UV-BTV did not signal through Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) for IFN-α/β induction. In contrast, pathways involving the MyD88 adaptor and kinases dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) and stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) were implicated. This work highlights the importance of pDCs for the production of innate immunity cytokines induced by a dsRNA virus, and it shows that a dsRNA virus can induce IFN-α/β in pDCs via a novel TLR-independent and Myd88-dependent pathway. These findings have implications for the design of efficient vaccines against dsRNA viruses.
  Journal of Virology 03/2012; 86(10):5817-28. · 5.40 Impact Factor
• Article: Generation of replication-defective virus-based vaccines that confer full protection in sheep against virulent bluetongue virus challenge.

  Eiko Matsuo, Cristina C P Celma, Mark Boyce, Cyril Viarouge, Corinne Sailleau, Eric Dubois, Emmanuel Bréard, Richard Thiéry, Stéphan Zientara, Polly Roy
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  ABSTRACT: The reverse genetics technology for bluetongue virus (BTV) has been used in combination with complementing cell lines to recover defective BTV-1 mutants. To generate a potential disabled infectious single cycle (DISC) vaccine strain, we used a reverse genetics system to rescue defective virus strains with large deletions in an essential BTV gene that encodes the VP6 protein (segment S9) of the internal core. Four VP6-deficient BTV-1 mutants were generated by using a complementing cell line that provided the VP6 protein in trans. Characterization of the growth properties of mutant viruses showed that each mutant has the necessary characteristics for a potential vaccine strain: (i) viral protein expression in noncomplementing mammalian cells, (ii) no infectious virus generated in noncomplementing cells, and (iii) efficient replication in the complementing VP6 cell line. Further, a defective BTV-8 strain was made by reassorting the two RNA segments that encode the two outer capsid proteins (VP2 and VP5) of a highly pathogenic BTV-8 with the remaining eight RNA segments of one of the BTV-1 DISC viruses. The protective capabilities of BTV-1 and BTV-8 DISC viruses were assessed in sheep by challenge with specific virulent strains using several assay systems. The data obtained from these studies demonstrated that the DISC viruses are highly protective and could offer a promising alternative to the currently available attenuated and killed virus vaccines and are also compliant as DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines.
  Journal of Virology 07/2011; 85(19):10213-21. · 5.40 Impact Factor
• Article: Contamination in bluetongue virus challenge experiments.

  Michael Eschbaumer, Regula Wäckerlin, Giovanni Savini, Stéphan Zientara, Corinne Sailleau, Emmanuel Bréard, Martin Beer, Bernd Hoffmann
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  ABSTRACT: Five cattle and five sheep that had never been exposed to bluetongue virus (BTV), as well as ten animals that had been experimentally infected with BTV-8, were inoculated with BTV-1. Previous exposure to BTV-8 did not prevent a second infection with another serotype. After the experiment, the BTV-1 preparation was found to be contaminated with BTV-15. The inoculum and blood samples taken during the experiment were analysed by serotype-specific real-time RT-PCR. There was 100-fold less BTV-15 than BTV-1 in the inoculum. Unexpectedly, BTV-15 dominated the infection in cattle that had previously been exposed to BTV-8. In sheep of both groups, on the other hand, BTV-1 prevailed over the contaminant. Regardless of the outcome, the incident demonstrates the need for a thorough contamination screening of virus preparations. For this purpose, two type-specific RT-PCR primer sets for each of the 24 established BTV serotypes as well as Toggenburg Orbivirus were designed.
  Vaccine 06/2011; 29(26):4299-301. · 3.77 Impact Factor
• Article: Bluetongue virus targets conventional dendritic cells in skin lymph.

  Behzad Hemati, Vanessa Contreras, Céline Urien, Michel Bonneau, Haru-Hisa Takamatsu, Peter P C Mertens, Emmanuel Bréard, Corinne Sailleau, Stéphan Zientara, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil
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  ABSTRACT: Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the etiological agent of bluetongue, a hemorrhagic disease of ruminants (particularly sheep), which causes important economic losses around the world. BTV is transmitted primarily via the bites of infected midges, which inject the virus into the ruminant's skin during blood feeding. The virus initially replicates in the draining lymph node and then disseminates to secondary organs where it induces edema, hemorrhages, and necrosis. In this study, we show that ovine conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are the primary targets of BTV that contribute to the primary dissemination of BTV from the skin to draining lymph nodes. Lymph cDCs support BTV RNA and protein synthesis, as well as the production of infectious virus belonging to several different BTV serotypes, regardless of their level of attenuation. Afferent lymph cell subsets, other than cDCs, showed only marginal levels of BTV protein expression. BTV infection provoked a massive recruitment of cDCs to the sheep skin and afferent lymph, providing cellular targets for infection. Although BTV productively infects cDCs, no negative impact on their physiology was detected. Indeed, BTV infection and protein expression in cDCs enhanced their survival rate. Several serotypes of BTV stimulated the surface expression of the CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules on cDCs as well as the mRNA synthesis of cytokines involved in inflammation and immunity, i.e., interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-1beta, and IL-6. BTV-infected cDCs stimulated antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 proliferation as well as gamma interferon production. BTV initially targets cDCs while preserving their functional properties, reflecting the optimal adaptation of the virus to its host cells for its first spread.
  Journal of Virology 07/2009; 83(17):8789-99. · 5.40 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Andrew Shaw

  Article: Sequence analysis of bluetongue virus serotype 8 from the Netherlands 2006 and comparison to other European strains.

  Sushila Maan, Narender S Maan, Natalie Ross-smith, Carrie A Batten, Andrew E Shaw, Simon J Anthony, Alan R Samuel, Karin E Darpel, Eva Veronesi, Chris A L Oura, [......], Piet van Rijn, Kris De Clercq, Frank Vandenbussche, Stéphan Zientara, Emmanuel Bréard, Corinne Sailleau, Martin Beer, Bernd Hoffman, Philip S Mellor, Peter P C Mertens
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  ABSTRACT: During 2006 the first outbreak of bluetongue ever recorded in northern Europe started in Belgium and the Netherlands, spreading to Luxemburg, Germany and north-east France. The virus overwintered (2006-2007) reappearing during May-June 2007 with greatly increased severity in affected areas, spreading further into Germany and France, reaching Denmark, Switzerland, the Czech Republic and the UK. Infected animals were also imported into Poland, Italy, Spain and the UK. An initial isolate from the Netherlands (NET2006/04) was identified as BTV-8 by RT-PCR assays targeting genome segment 2. The full genome of NET2006/04 was sequenced and compared to selected European isolates, South African vaccine strains and other BTV-8 strains, indicating that it originated in sub-Saharan Africa. Although NET2006/04 showed high levels of nucleotide identity with other 'western' BTV strains, it represents a new introduction and was not derived from the BTV-8 vaccine, although its route of entry into Europe has not been established.
  Virology 09/2008; 377(2):308-18. · 3.35 Impact Factor
• Article: Novel gel-based and real-time PCR assays for the improved detection of African horse sickness virus.

  Belen Rodriguez-Sanchez, Jovita Fernandez-Pinero, Corinne Sailleau, Stephan Zientara, Sandor Belak, Marisa Arias, Jose Manuel Sanchez-Vizcaino
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  ABSTRACT: In order to improve, ensure and accelerate the diagnosis of African horse sickness, a highly devastating, transboundary animal disease listed by the World Animal Health Organisation, (OIE) three novel diagnostic PCR assays were developed and tested in this study. The reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) tests were the following: (a) a conventional, gel-based RT-PCR, (b) a real-time PCR with SYBR-Green-named rRT-PCR SYBR-Green-, and (c) a real-time PCR rRT-PCR with TaqMan probe (termed rRT-PCR TaqMan). The same pair of primers-directed against African Horse Sickness Virus (AHSV) segment 5, encoding the non-structural protein NS1, is used in the three tests listed above. The three PCR assays detected similarly the nine AHSV serotypes from cultivated viral suspensions of different origins. The RT-PCR assays provided high sensitivity ranging from 0.1 to 1.2TCID(50)/ml. The specificity was also high, considering that related viruses, such as Bluetongue virus, and other equine viruses, such as West Nile Virus, remained negative for RT-PCR amplification. The detection of AHSV virus can be completed within 2-3h. These results indicate that the novel PCR methods described in this paper provide robust and versatile tools that allow rapid and highly specific, simultaneous detection of all AHSV serotypes.
  Journal of Virological Methods 08/2008; 151(1):87-94. · 2.01 Impact Factor
• Article: Complete nucleotide sequence of Middelburg virus, isolated from the spleen of a horse with severe clinical disease in Zimbabwe.

  Houssam Attoui, Corinne Sailleau, Fauziah Mohd Jaafar, Mourad Belhouchet, Philippe Biagini, Jean François Cantaloube, Philippe de Micco, Peter Mertens, Stephan Zientara
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  ABSTRACT: The complete nucleotide sequence of Middelburg virus (MIDV) was determined for strain MIDV-857 from Zimbabwe. The isolation of this virus in 1993 from a horse that died showing severe clinical signs represents the first indication that MIDV can cause severe disease in equids. Full-length cDNA copies of the viral genome were successfully synthesized by an innovative RT-PCR amplification approach using an 'anchor primer' combined with the SMART methodology described previously for the synthesis of full-length cDNA copies from genome segments of dsRNA viruses. The MIDV-857 genome is 11,674 nt, excluding the 5'-terminal cap structure and poly(A) tail (which varies in length from approximately 180 to approximately 220 residues). The organization of the genome is like that of other alphaviruses, including a read-through stop codon between the nsP3 and nsP4 genes. However, phylogenetic analyses of the structural protein amino acid sequences suggested that the MIDV E1 gene was generated by recombination with a Semliki Forest virus-like virus. This hypothesis was supported by bootscanning analysis using a recombination-detection program. The 3' untranslated region of MIDV-857 also contains a 112 nt duplication. This study reports the first full-length sequence of MIDV, which was obtained from a single RT-PCR product.
  Journal of General Virology 12/2007; 88(Pt 11):3078-88. · 3.36 Impact Factor
• Article: Phylogenetic comparison of the S10 genes of recent isolates of bluetongue virus from the United States and French Martinique Island.

  N James MacLachlan, Stéphan Zientara, David E Stallknecht, Joshua D Boone, Virginia H Goekjian, Corinne Sailleau, Udeni B Balasuriya
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  ABSTRACT: The sequences of the S10 genes of 28 recent isolates (1994-2004) of bluetongue virus (BTV) from the United States (US) and French Martinique Island (2006) in the Caribbean Basin were compared in phylogenetic analyses to those of viruses previously isolated in the same regions. Although the analyses segregated the recent virus isolates from the two regions into distinct topotype clusters, the analyses also confirm that viruses from the US and the Caribbean Basin/Central America can share similar S10 genes despite the fact that distinct constellations of BTV serotypes occur in the two regions.
  Virus Research 12/2007; 129(2):236-40. · 2.94 Impact Factor
• Article: Recombinant capripoxviruses expressing proteins of bluetongue virus: evaluation of immune responses and protection in small ruminants.

  Aurélie Perrin, Emmanuel Albina, Emmanuel Bréard, Corinne Sailleau, Sylvie Promé, Colette Grillet, Olivier Kwiatek, Pierre Russo, Richard Thiéry, Stephan Zientara, Catherine Cêtre-Sossah
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  ABSTRACT: The development of recombinant capripoxviruses for protective immunization of ruminants against bluetongue virus (BTV) infection is described. Sheep (n=11) and goats (n=4) were immunized with BTV recombinant capripoxviruses (BTV-Cpox) individually expressing four different genes encoding two capsid proteins (VP2 and VP7) and two non-structural proteins (NS1, NS3) of BTV serotype 2 (BTV-2). Seroconversion was observed against NS3, VP7 and VP2 in both species and a lymphoproliferation specific to BTV antigens was also demonstrated in goats. Finally, partial protection of sheep challenged 3 weeks after BTV-Cpox administration with a virulent strain of BTV-2, was observed.
  Vaccine 10/2007; 25(37-38):6774-83. · 3.77 Impact Factor
• Article: Molecular epidemiology of bluetongue virus serotype 4 isolated in the Mediterranean Basin between 1979 and 2004.

  Emmanuel Breard, Corinne Sailleau, Kyriaki Nomikou, Chris Hamblin, Peter P C Mertens, Philip S Mellor, Medhi El Harrak, Stephan Zientara
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  ABSTRACT: The nucleotide sequences of genome segments 2, 7, 8, 9 and 10, coding for viral proteins (VP) and non-structural proteins (NS)--VP2, VP7, NS2, VP6 and NS3/NS3A, respectively, were determined and compared for 10 strains of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 4 isolated in the Mediterranean Basin between 1979 and 2004, and the South African attenuated BTV 4 vaccine strain. The sequence data generated for the BTV 4 strains isolated in Greece in 1979, 1999 and 2000 showed that they had a common origin but were distinct from the lineage of the BTV 4 strains isolated from 2003 onward in the western Mediterranean Basin (Italy, Morocco, Spain and Corsica). The nucleotide and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the BTV 4 strains within each lineage were identical to each other, irrespective of the year of isolation or the geographical location. Although the sequence of VP2 from the Turkish and Greek strains were highly similar, there were sufficient differences in the VP6, VP7 and NS2 proteins to suggest that the Turkish BTV 4 belongs to a third lineage. Alignment of the NS3 sequences from the attenuated BTV 4 vaccine strain and the field strains showed 13 aa substitutions, which may, either singularly or together, be responsible for attenuation and hence determining the virulence of the virus.
  Virus Research 06/2007; 125(2):191-7. · 2.94 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Frank Vandenbussche

  Article: Bluetongue in Belgium, 2006.

  Jean-François Toussaint, Corinne Sailleau, Jan Mast, Philippe Houdart, Guy Czaplicki, Lien Demeestere, Frank VandenBussche, Wesley van Dessel, Nesya Goris, Emmanuel Bréard, Lotfi Bounaadja, Thiry Etienne, Stephan Zientara, Kris De Clercq
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  ABSTRACT: Bluetongue has emerged recently in Belgium. A bluetongue virus strain was isolated and characterized as serotype 8. Two new real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCRs (RT-qPCRs) that amplified 2 different segments of bluetongue virus detected this exotic strain. These 2 RT-qPCRs detected infection earlier than a competitive ELISA for antibody detection.
  Emerging infectious diseases 05/2007; 13(4):614-6. · 6.17 Impact Factor
• Article: The epidemiology and diagnosis of bluetongue with particular reference to Corsica.

  Emmanuel Breard, Chris Hamblin, Saliha Hammoumi, Corinne Sailleau, Gwenaëlle Dauphin, Stéphan Zientara
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  ABSTRACT: Bluetongue (BT) and/or BT viruses (BTV) have been identified in the Mediterranean basin and the Balkans each year from 1998 to 2002 and in particular BTV serotype 2 in the French Island of Corsica (2000 and 2001). In response to these virus incursions, the French Veterinary Authorities carried out epidemiological studies that included virological, serological and entomological analysis, and two vaccination campaigns performed in the winter of 2000/2001 and the winter and spring of 2001 and 2002. Rapid and reliable serotype differentiation is essential at the start of an outbreak to allow an early selection of vaccine to control the spread of the virus. Thus, molecular tools, that complement conventional methods, have been developed for early detection of infection, determination of the serotype, and differentiation between natural infection and vaccination. Serological results showed that the first vaccination campaign during the winter of 2000/2001 did not provide full protection for all sheep and during the summer of 2001, 335 sheep flocks in Corsica were again infected by BTV 2 (7-fold more that in 2000). Entomological studies have demonstrated that the only proven vector of the disease, Culicoides imicola, was present in the island in 2000 and that it has successfully established itself in Corsica. The safety and immunogenicity of the commercial South African vaccine were studied. Fourteen sheep were vaccinated and then observed for clinical signs. Blood, sera, spleen and lymph nodes were collected and analyzed, and the results confirmed the safety and potency of using this vaccine to protect sheep from clinical disease. As a result, an intensive vaccination campaign was performed during winter and spring 2001/2002. No cases of BT had been observed by the end of summer 2002, indicating that the vaccination campaign has been successful in protecting sheep from infection.
  Research in Veterinary Science 09/2004; 77(1):1-8. · 1.65 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: vetres-archive.org

  Article: Comparison of genome segments 2, 7 and 10 of bluetongue viruses serotype 2 for differentiation between field isolates and the vaccine strain.

  Emmanuel Bréard, Corinne Sailleau, Hervé Coupier, Karine Mure-Ravaud, Saliha Hammoumi, Bernard Gicquel, Chris Hamblin, Philippe Dubourget, Stéphan Zientara
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  ABSTRACT: Bluetongue (BT) virus serotype 2 (BTV 2) was first confirmed in Tunisia in February 2000 and has since spread northward and westward, infecting several other countries and islands, including Corsica, where clinical disease was reported in October 2000. BT was again reported on the Island in July 2001, some six months after a vaccination campaign against BTV 2. The molecular relationship between isolates of the BTV 2 Corsican wild-type viruses from 2000 and 2001, and the attenuated BTV 2 vaccine were determined by comparing corresponding sequences of genome segments 2, 7 and 10 with each other and with already published sequences available in the genome database. Complete genetic stability was observed between the isolates of the Corsican BTV 2. There was some divergence between the nucleotide sequences of segment 10 obtained from the wild-type and vaccine virus strains. Based on these differences, primers were selected that could be used in RT-PCR to differentiate between the wild-type and the vaccine viruses.
  Veterinary Research 34(6):777-89. · 4.06 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Benoit Durand

  Article: Colostral antibody induced interference of inactivated bluetongue serotype-8 vaccines in calves.

  Damien Vitour, Jean Guillotin, Corinne Sailleau, Cyril Viarouge, Alexandra Desprat, Frédéric Wolff, Guillaume Belbis, Benoit Durand, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, Emmanuel Breard, Stéphan Zientara, Gina Zanella
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  ABSTRACT: ABSTRACT: Since its introduction into northern Europe in 2006, bluetongue has become a major threat to animal health. While the efficacy of commercial vaccines has been clearly demonstrated in livestock, little is known regarding the effect of maternal immunity on vaccinal efficacy. Here, we have investigated the duration and amplitude of colostral antibody-induced immunity in calves born to dams vaccinated against bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) and the extent of colostral antibody-induced interference of vaccination in these calves. Twenty-two calf-cow pairs were included in this survey. The median age at which calves became seronegative for BTV was 84 and 112 days as assayed by seroneutralisation test (SNT) and VP7 BTV competitive ELISA (cELISA), respectively. At the mean age of 118 days, 13/22 calves were immunized with inactivated BTV-8 vaccine. In most calves vaccination elicited a weak immune response, with seroconversion in only 3/13 calves. The amplitude of the humoral response to vaccination was inversely proportional to the maternal antibody level prior to vaccination. Thus, the lack of response was attributed to the persistence of virus-specific colostral antibodies that interfered with the induction of the immune response. These data suggest that the recommended age for vaccination of calves born to vaccinated dams needs to be adjusted in order to optimize vaccinal efficacy.
  Veterinary Research 42(1):18. · 4.06 Impact Factor