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International Journal of Colorectal Disease 09/2012; · 2.38 Impact Factor
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International Journal of Colorectal Disease 08/2012; · 2.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hintergrund und Ziel:
Die Analvenenthrombose (AVT) ist einer der häufigsten proktologischen Notfälle. Sie verursacht Schmerzen, die die Patienten
zum Arzt führen. Die Behandlung wird sowohl konservativ als auch operativ durchgeführt. Ziel der Studie war es, die Unterschiede
zwischen operativer und konservativer Therapie der AVT festzustellen.
Patienten und Methodik:
Retrospektiv wurden alle Patienten mit AVT, die 2005 operativ oder konservativ (Salbe und/oder nichtsteroidale Antirheumatika
[NSAR]) behandelt wurden, untersucht. Operation: in Lokalanästhesie Exzision des Befundes, offene Wundbehandlung. Konservative
Therapie: lokale Behandlung mit kortikosteroidhaltiger Salbe und/oder oraler antiphlogistischer Therapie (NSAR). Die Patienten
erhielten 2006/2007 einen Fragebogen mit Fragen nach Rezidiveingriffen, Rezidiv-AVT, aktuellen anorektalen Beschwerden und
Zufriedenheit des Patienten mit der durchgeführten Therapie der AVT.
Ergebnisse:
2005 wurden 142 Patienten (72 Männer, 70 Frauen, medianes Alter 49 Jahre) wegen AVT behandelt. 86 Patienten wurden konservativ,
56 operativ behandelt. Rezidive: konservative Gruppe 14 (12,5%), operative Gruppe drei (5,4%). Abszess nach Operation bei
einem Patienten (1,8%). Rücklaufquote der Fragebögen und Nachbeobachtungszeit: konservative Gruppe 63,4%, 22 Monate; operative
Gruppe 73,2%, 16 Monate. Beschwerden: Nach konservativer Therapie klagten Patienten vermehrt, wenn auch nicht signifikant,
über Nässen, Schwellung, Blutung und Schmerz als Patienten nach Operation. Aus der Gruppe der operierten Patienten würden
sich mehr Patienten wieder mit derselben Methode behandeln lassen (87,8%) als aus der konservativen Gruppe (63%).
Schlussfolgerung:
Die operative wie auch die konservative Therapie der AVT sind komplikationsarm und effektiv. Obwohl die Patientenzufriedenheit
mit der operativen Therapie größer ist als mit der konservativen Therapie, zeigten sich bei den analen Beschwerden in der
Nachuntersuchung keine Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen.
Background and Purpose:
Thrombosed external hemorrhoid (TEH) is probably the most frequent anorectal emergency. It causes pain that brings the patient
to his/her physician or to the emergency room. Treatment may be medical, but also surgical. The aim of this study was to determine
differences between surgical and medical (nonsurgical) therapy of TEH.
Patients and Methods:
All patients with TEH, who had surgical or nonsurgical treatment in 2005, were examined retrospectively. Surgical therapy:
excision in local anesthesia, healing by secondary intention. Nonsurgical therapy: local treatment with steroid ointment and/or
analgesics (nonsteroidal antirheumatics). In 2006 and 2007, the patients received a questionnaire, containing questions regarding
recurrent disease and operations, actual anorectal symptoms, contentment of the patient with the treatment that was performed
for TEH in 2005.
Results:
In 2005, 142 patients (72 males, 70 females, median age 49 years) were treated for TEH. 86 patients underwent nonsurgical
treatment, 56 were operated on. Recurrence: nonsurgical group 14 (12.5%), surgical group three (5.4%). Complication: abscess
after operation one (1.8%). Follow up rate and time: nonsurgical group: 63.4%, 22 months, surgical group 73.2%, 16 months.
Actual anorectal complaints: after nonsurgical treatment, patients complained more (not significantly) about wet anus, skin
tags, bleeding and pain than patients after surgery. More patients from the surgical group would prefer to have the same treatment
for TEH again (if necessary) as compared to patients from the nonsurgical group (87,8% vs. 63%).
Conclusion:
Surgical and nonsurgical treatment for TEH is effective and shows a low recurrence and complication rate. Although patients’
contentment with the treatment performed was higher in the surgical group, there were no differences between the groups regarding
anorectal complaints at follow up.
coloproctology 04/2012; 31(2):93-98.
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Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 04/2012; 55(4):e45; author reply e45. · 3.13 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) was introduced in 1998. Early in the experience, a standard circular stapler was often used, while later specifically designed staplers for SH were developed. Although the diameter of the circular cutting knife differ significantly, it remains unclear, if the volume of the excised tissue differs and if this has an influence on the long-term results and complications.
We evaluated in a prospective consecutive database that underwent SH from January 2003 through April 2004. There were three devices used during the study period: end-to-end-anastomosis (EEA) 31, stapler device for haemorrhoids (SDH) and procedure for prolapse and haemorrhoids (PPH). Procedure selection was at the discretion of the surgeon; however, the indications for surgery were similar for all involved surgeons. Demographic and operative characteristics were analysed. Follow-up data were collected continuously over the time, and in May 2010, these patients received a questionnaire. Data were compared by t test and chi-square test, respectively.
There were 214 (97 females) evaluable patients. Seventy-three patients were operated with EEA-31, 52 with SDH- and 89 with PPH. The median follow-up was 6.8 years and complete data were available for 131 (61.2%) patients. Demographic characteristics were comparable within the three groups. SDH (6 ml) and PPH (6.5 ml) resected significantly (p < 0.05) more tissue than EEA (5 ml). Early postoperative incontinence rate was significantly higher in the PPH group (6%) as compared to EEA (1%) and SDH (0%). The incidence of other early complications was similar across techniques. The overall complication rates and reoperation rates were similar. Although 41% of the patients had minor anorectal complaints (itching and soiling), incontinence rates were low (2-3%) without any significant differences between the devices.
The results of cohort of SH patients support the conclusion that short- and long-term outcomes are device independent, although each approach is associated with a modest degree of ongoing anorectal symptoms.
Langenbeck s Archives of Surgery 04/2011; 396(5):659-67. · 1.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Pain in the anorectal region can be quite considerable. They can be treated effectively however. Before treatment the correct diagnosis is important. In each pain regimen it is important that patients have a normally sized stool (Bristol stool form scale type 4). Diclofenac (3 dd 50 mg) should be routinely used in anorectal pain. If diclofenac does not sufficiently relieve the pain, one should add metamizole or tramadole. Topically relaxing or analgetic agents (glyceryl trinitrate, botulinum toxin A, diltiazem, nifedipin, metronidazole, cincho- or lignocaine) might be used in selected cases. If edema exists topical steroids might have an analgetic effect.
Medizinische Monatsschrift für Pharmazeuten 07/2010; 33(7):245-52; quiz 253-4.
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Colorectal Disease 02/2010; · 2.93 Impact Factor
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01/2010; 107(4):57; author reply 57-8. · 2.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to analyse the outcomes of all patients requiring a reoperation after an initial circular stapled haemorrhoidopexy (SH) for prolapsing haemorrhoids.
Data of all patients undergoing a circular SH from 1998 thru 2007 available in a prospectively collected database were reviewed, and all patients who had reoperations were studied.
During the study period, 1,233 patients (551 females, median age 52 years) underwent a circular SH. Complete follow-up was available in all patients (median follow-up 7 months, range 0.5-100); 127 patients (10.3%) required one or more reoperations. Early reoperations (<30 days) were necessary in 47 patients (3.8%), and 45 (3.6%) were stapler-related complications. Late reoperations (>30 days) were performed in 84 patients (6.8%) and 57 (4.6%) were stapler-related. A learning curve was observed with significant reduction of early (<30 days) and late (>30 days) reoperation rate with time.
Reoperations after SH are necessary in about 10% of the patients. The majority of the reoperations are due to either complications arising from circular SH, recurrent/persistent haemorrhoidal symptoms or other anorectal issues not addressed by the circular SH procedure (3.8% early; 6.8% late). Circular SH appears to be an effective procedure for symptomatic haemorrhoidal disease; however, training and learning curve issues should be addressed to minimise treatment failures.
Langenbeck s Archives of Surgery 07/2009; 395(8):1049-54. · 1.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Immune function after hemorrhagic shock and subsequent sepsis is characterized by an early proinflammatory burst of IL-6, and high IL-6 levels have been linked to high mortality after trauma and in sepsis. Trans-signaling is defined as the activation of cells that do not express the membrane bound IL-6 receptor by the complex of IL-6 and the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R). Gp130-Fc is able to bind the IL-6/sIL-6R complex, and beneficial effects of IL-6 blockade in chronic inflammatory diseases have been shown. The first aim of this study was to investigate the potential effect of a gp130 blockade via the gp130-Fc antibody causing impairment of IL-6 signaling. The second aim was to find out what role the IL-6/sIL-6R complex can play in the context of hemorrhagic shock and subsequent sepsis as an acute inflammatory disease.
Male CBA/J mice were subjected to hemorrhagic shock (35+/-5 mmHg for 90min and fluid resuscitation) or sham operation. At resuscitation each animal received either 0.5mg gp130-Fc or placebo (PL) i.p. At 48 h after resuscitation, both splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages (pMphi) were harvested or polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Survival over 10 d was determined. Release of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 of pMphi and release of IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-gamma of splenocytes was assessed by ELISA. Proliferation of splenocytes and their morphologic damage were determined.
Binding of the IL-6/sIL-6R complex by gp130-Fc led to significant lower IL-6 levels compared with placebo treated animals. Placebo treated males showed depressed proinflammatory immune response (IL-2, IL-6) after hemorrhagic shock. While splenocyte proliferation was significantly reduced directly after hemorrhagic shock and restored after 48 h by gp130-Fc, pMphi cytokine release was not influenced. Finally, survival appeared to be unaffected.
Transsignaling does not seem to play a pivotal role in the development of the immune dysfunction and mortality in our model of hemorrhage and subsequent sepsis.
Journal of Surgical Research 10/2008; 157(2):235-42. · 2.25 Impact Factor
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International Journal of Colorectal Disease 08/2008; 23(10):1019-20. · 2.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Perianal streptococcal dermatitis is an infectious disease that predominantly affects younger children and is mostly caused by Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Although patients are mostly seen primarily by their pediatrician or family physician, the diagnosis is not infrequently established just after referral to a dermatologist or colorectal surgeon. We report a case series of 124 children, aged 14 years or younger, who were seen at our office for anorectal complaints between February 2003 and September 2006. Twenty-one of 124 patients (16 percent) were diagnosed with perianal streptococcal dermatitis on the basis of a positive perianal swab by microbiologic analysis. Perianal streptococcal dermatitis was the most frequent infectious disease in that age group in our practice. Sixteen (of 21, 76 percent) patients were male, and the mean age was 6.3 years. One course of systemic antibiotic treatment augmented by additional local antiseptic ointment in selected cases cured all patients within 10 to 14 days. One patient presented with a new perianal streptococcal dermatitis episode five months after treatment and was successfully retreated with an oral antibiotic. With this report, we wish to alert the colorectal community of the diagnosis because it may be underdiagnosed in our practices and thereby lead to prolonged discomfort, protracted disease, and potentially harmful sequelae for these typically very young patients.
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 06/2008; 51(5):584-7. · 3.13 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Immune function after hemorrhagic shock (shock) and subsequent sepsis is proofed to be sex- and age-related, showing an enhanced immune function and better survival of young females and a deteriorating immune response in advanced age. However, it remains unclear if the observed sex- and age-related effects observed on the immune function mirror the histomorphological changes of the affected organs. To scrutinize a possible association, male and female CBA/J mice (young, 2-3 months; aged 18-19 months) were subjected to shock (35 + 5 mmHg for 90 min and fluid resuscitation) or sham operation. At 48 h after shock, histological specimen at definite sites were harvested (lung, small bowel, liver, and kidney) and immediately stored in 10% formalin. After paraffin embedding, hematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemical stains (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM-1], cluster of differentiation 44 [CD44], signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 [STAT-3]) were performed. In both sexes, aged animals developed significantly increased (P < 0.05) tissue damage in all analyzed organs compared with young mice. Sex differences were noticed in the lungs of young mice, showing a significantly (P < 0.05) lower organ damage score in female animals. Sex-related differences were found for VCAM-1 and cluster of differentiation 44 expression, whereas age-related changes were observed for STAT-3. These results demonstrate that the severity of tissue damage caused by hemorrhagic shock is influenced by sex- and age-related effects. Variances in the VCAM-1 and STAT-3 expression suggest that improved immune function in female and young subjects may be responsible for less shock-induced tissue damage.
Shock 05/2008; 29(6):670-674. · 2.85 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Immune function after hemorrhagic shock (shock) and subsequent sepsis is proofed to be sex- and age-related, showing an enhanced immune function and better survival of young females and a deteriorating immune response in advanced age. However, it remains unclear if the observed sex- and age-related effects observed on the immune function mirror the histomorphological changes of the affected organs. To scrutinize a possible association, male and female CBA/J mice (young, 2-3 months; aged 18-19 months) were subjected to shock (35 + 5 mmHg for 90 min and fluid resuscitation) or sham operation. At 48 h after shock, histological specimen at definite sites were harvested (lung, small bowel, liver, and kidney) and immediately stored in 10% formalin. After paraffin embedding, hematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemical stains (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM-1], cluster of differentiation 44 [CD44], signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 [STAT-3]) were performed. In both sexes, aged animals developed significantly increased (P < 0.05) tissue damage in all analyzed organs compared with young mice. Sex differences were noticed in the lungs of young mice, showing a significantly (P < 0.05) lower organ damage score in female animals. Sex-related differences were found for VCAM-1 and cluster of differentiation 44 expression, whereas age-related changes were observed for STAT-3. These results demonstrate that the severity of tissue damage caused by hemorrhagic shock is influenced by sex- and age-related effects. Variances in the VCAM-1 and STAT-3 expression suggest that improved immune function in female and young subjects may be responsible for less shock-induced tissue damage.
Shock 11/2007; 29(6):670-4. · 2.85 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) treatment has been shown to have beneficial effects on the immune function after hemorrhagic shock and to improve survival after subsequent sepsis in young male mice, but not in young females. Although it was demonstrated that the immune function under these conditions is reversed with age, it remains unclear whether the observed gender-related effect of IL-10 treatment continues to exist in aged mice.
Aged male and female CBA/J mice (18-19 months) were subjected to hemorrhage (35 +/- 5 mmHg for 90 min) or sham operation. At resuscitation, each received either 10-microg recombinant murine (rm)IL-10 or placebo i.p. At 48 h after resuscitation, either the mice were killed and the plasma, splenic macrophages (sM phi), and splenocytes were harvested or polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). After CLP, either survival over 10 days was determined or, 4 h after CLP, tissues were again harvested and cytokine-released in vitro were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Early IL-10 treatment restored depressed proinflammatory immune response (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta) and Th1 response of splenocytes in aged females after hemorrhage, whereas having no effects or having suppressive effects in aged males. Subsequent sepsis combined with placebo treatment led to a significant suppression of proinflammatory cytokine release of sM phi and a significant increase of Th2 response in both males and females associated with high mortality (80-100%, respectively) after CLP. These effects were not influenced by early rmIL-10 treatment.
After hemorrhage, early rmIL-10 treatment restored immune function in aged females, but not in males. However, in contrast to young mice, rmIL-10 treatment had no effect on survival and immune function after CLP in aged mice.
Langenbeck s Archives of Surgery 10/2007; 392(5):629-38. · 1.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We report the case of a 73-year-old woman who presented with a soft tissue tumor located between the scapula and the rib cage. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an inhomogeneous tumor on the right dorsolateral thoracic wall that measured 7 x 4 x 7 cm with contrast enhancement. The findings were suggestive of partial infiltration of intercostal muscles and were suspicious of a malignant tumor. After local excision at a district hospital had failed to render definitive diagnosis, the patient underwent complete resection of the tumor at our institution. Histology from the specimen was consistent with elastofibroma dorsi with free resection margins.
The Annals of thoracic surgery 11/2006; 82(4):1501-4. · 3.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Postoperative infectious complications are the leading causes for postoperative sepsis. In severe sepsis, tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-beta) NcoI polymorphism was associated with increased mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the biallelic NcoI polymorphism within the TNF locus is associated with the development of postoperative complications.
One hundred sixty patients were included in this prospective observation study. Patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery, such as esophagectomy, gastrectomy, Whipple operation, major liver resection, or colon resection were included. Patients were monitored during the clinical course, and postoperative complications, divided into severe and minor complications, were documented. The NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphism of the TNF-beta gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction; gene expression as well as complications were correlated.
The patients' genotype distribution and demographic characteristics were comparable within the different groups of operations. Patients with the heterozygous genotype TNF-beta1/beta2 had a 1.6-fold higher relative risk for developing complications. If patients with the homozygous genotype TNF-beta2 developed a complication, they had a 1.5-fold higher relative risk for severe complications. Furthermore, the mortality of patients with postoperative sepsis who were homozygous for the genotype TNF-beta2 was significantly elevated.
The TNF-beta NcoI polymorphism influences the development of postoperative complications. While the genotype TNF-beta1/beta2 has a higher risk for developing complications in general, the TNF-beta2/beta2 genotype is associated with more severe complications and mortality from sepsis.
Surgery 05/2004; 135(4):365-73; discussion 374-5. · 3.10 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Patients with advanced, incurable gastric cancer may present with mild symptoms or require immediate therapeutic intervention. The influence of the intensity of preoperative symptoms on postoperative survival and quality of life (QoL) was evaluated in a palliative setting. In a historical cohort analysis of 492 patients with gastric cancer treated between 1992 and 2001, a total of 169 (34.4%) patients had incurable disease (i.e., pTxNxM1). Patients were classified as having major symptoms if they presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (i.e., hematemesis or bloody stools), gastric inlet or outlet obstruction (i.e., symptomatic and endoscopically proven stenosis), or perforation caused by the tumor. All other patients were defined as having minor symptoms. QoL was assessed prospectively using the EORTC questionnaire. The questionnaire was given to the patients before operation, before discharge, and 3 months after operation; and it was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Survival, demographic data, and histopathologic characteristics were assessed and analyzed by the log-rank test and the chi(2) test, respectively. Of the 169 patients, 75 (44.3%) presented with major symptoms and 94 (55.7%) with minor symptoms. The distribution of patients undergoing resection or exploration was comparable for the two groups [major: 61 (81.5%)/14 (18.5%); minor: 77 (81.9%)/17 (18.1%)]. Despite comparable demographic and histopathologic characteristics with equal hospital mortality and morbidity (14.6% vs. 8.5%/49.3% vs. 40.4%), the median survival rates in two groups were 4 and 6 months, respectively ( p < 0.05). This was not influenced by the type of operation. QoL was not different in patients with major or minor symptoms before operation or 3 months thereafter. However, preoperative symptoms such as nausea/vomiting and melena were rated significantly higher in patients with major symptoms. In patients with incurable gastric cancer the preoperative intensity of symptoms has a significant impact on survival and QoL, which is not influenced by the operation. The necessity of surgery in patients with minor symptoms requires careful consideration.
World Journal of Surgery 04/2004; 28(4):369-75. · 2.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 with a reduction of prostaglandin E(2)production by the specific antagonist NS-398 has been shown to have beneficial effects on immune function and survival in a trauma model. Immune function after experimental hemorrhagic shock and subsequent sepsis may be gender-related, with enhanced immunity and better survival in females. However, it remains unclear if the observed effect of NS-398 treatment is gender-related following hemorrhagic shock and subsequent sepsis.
Male and female CBA/J mice (age: 2-3 months) were subjected to hemorrhagic shock (35 +/- 5 mm Hg for 90 min and fluid resuscitation) or sham operation. At resuscitation and after 20 and 40 h each received either NS-398 10 mg/kg or placebo i.p. At 48 h after resuscitation, either splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages (pM phi) were harvested (n = 8 per group), or polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Following CLP, either 10-day survival (n = 15 per group) was determined or pM phi and splenocytes were harvested 4 h after CLP (n = 8 per group). Cytokine release of pM phi, and splenocyte proliferation and responsiveness in vitro were assessed.
Treatment with NS-398 led to lower PGE(2) levels as compared to placebo-treated animals, reaching significance (p < 0.05) in males. Placebo-treated males had significantly depressed proinflammatory immune response (IL-1, IL-6, IL-2, IFN-gamma) after hemorrhagic shock and experienced further suppression by CLP (all, p < 0.05). In contrast, young females displayed unchanged cytokine release after hemorrhagic shock, but a comparable suppression following CLP. Treatment with NS-398 did not influence cytokine release nor survival.
Despite a significant reduction of PGE(2) concentration, NS-398 treatment has no beneficial effects on cytokine release and survival in this model of hemorrhage and subsequent sepsis.
Surgical Infections 02/2004; 5(1):29-37. · 1.80 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In patients with histopathologically proven or suspected endometriosis with possible involvement of the rectum, endorectal ultrasound was performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this method with regard to rectal wall involvement and the impact on the following operation.
In an historical cohort analysis, 85 females with histopathologically proven or suspected endometriosis with possible involvement of the rectum were treated between 1992 and 2001. Endorectal ultrasound was performed with a 7.5 MHz real-time unit, and results of endorectal ultrasound were compared with intraoperative findings and histopathologic diagnosis of 65 patients undergoing operation. A questionnaire was used to evaluate postoperative signs and symptoms.
Of 65 patients undergoing surgery, 37 underwent laparotomy with 25 resections of the bowel and 28 laparoscopy. In 31 of 32 patients with suspected rectal wall infiltration, preoperative endorectal ultrasound diagnosis was confirmed. In patients in whom endorectal ultrasound showed no rectal wall involvement, histopathology revealed infiltration in one patient, leading to sensitivity of 97 percent and specificity of 97 percent with regard to rectal wall involvement. In terms of the deepness of rectal wall infiltration, endorectal ultrasound had a sensitivity of 76 percent with regard to infiltration of the muscularis propria and 66 percent for infiltration of the submucosa. Operations led to a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of preoperative symptoms by approximately 60 percent.
Endorectal ultrasound is a useful, noninvasive technique for preoperative evaluation of possible rectal wall involvement in endometriosis. Based on the high sensitivity and specificity, recommendation for laparotomy and bowel resection in cases with suspected rectal involvement can be facilitated.
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 01/2004; 46(12):1667-73. · 3.13 Impact Factor
