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Ping-Ing Lee,
Po-Yen Chen,
Yhu-Chering Huang,
Chin-Yun Lee,
Chun-Yi Lu,
Mei-Hwei Chang,
Yung-Zen Lin,
Nan-Chang Chiu,
Yen-Hsuan Ni,
Chung-Ming Chen,
Luan-Yin Chang,
Ren-Bin Tang,
Li-Min Huang, Yung-Feng Huang,
Kao-Pin Hwang,
Betau Hwang,
Tzou-Yien Lin
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ABSTRACT: Rotavirus infection has been the leading cause of gastroenteritis among children in Taiwan. Studies have shown that 40% of hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis can be prevented through the use of vaccines, including a live, attenuated monovalent rotavirus vaccine and a pentavalent, human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine. In 2009, the World Health Organization suggested that rotavirus vaccine should be included in all national immunization programs. This review summarizes issues and recommendations discussed during an expert meeting in Taiwan. The recommendations included: (1) rotavirus vaccine should be offered to all healthy infants (including those without contraindications, such as immunodeficiency) at an appropriate age; (2) either monovalent or pentavalent vaccine can be administered concurrently with routine injected vaccines; (3) the administration of rotavirus vaccine must be administered at least 2 weeks prior to oral polio vaccination; (4) the first vaccine dose for infants should be administered between age 6 weeks and age 14 weeks 6 days and the course should be completed by age 8 months 0 day; (5) pentavalent vaccines can be administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months while monovalent vaccines can be taken at 2 months and 4 months; (6) a combined use of monovalent and pentavalent vaccine is justified only when the previous dose is unavailable or unknown; and (7) rotavirus vaccines may be given to premature infants, human immunodeficiency virus infected infants and infants who have received or are going to receive blood products.
Pediatrics & Neonatology 06/2013; · 0.75 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: GOALS:: Quantitative Vesikari scales and qualitative severe diarrhea (Vesikari scale ≥11) assessments were used to grade the Salmonella-induced and rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis severity. A significant reduction in severe diarrhea (Vesikari score ≥11) was used to evaluate the efficacy of three-combination probiotics (BIO-THREE). BACKGROUND:: Several studies have shown that rotavirus and Salmonella infections are the leading causes of infectious gastroenteritis. Although probiotics have been effective in some studies, the use of 3-combination formulation probiotics is rare. STUDY:: This single-center, open-label, randomized, controlled trial included 159 patients (age range, 3 mo to 14 y) hospitalized with infectious gastroenteritis between February 2009 and October 2010. RESULTS:: Patients were grouped according to the pathogen identified (48, Salmonella; 42, rotavirus; and 69, unknown origin). The total diarrhea duration was significantly shorter for children who received BIO-THREE (P<0.0001). After BIO-THREE administration, there were significantly less intervention group patients with severe diarrhea at intervention day 3. Vesikari scale or diarrhea frequency results did not reveal significant differences between groups (except for day 5 in patients with rotavirus), and there were no significant changes in other clinical parameters or the length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS:: Seven-day BIO-THREE administration demonstrated high efficacy and safety in infants and children with severe gastroenteritis. The incidence of severe gastroenteritis was significantly reduced in the rotavirus origin and BIO-THREE intervention groups.
Journal of clinical gastroenterology 04/2013; · 2.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Acute respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Most have a viral etiology, with pneumococcus as an important pathogen. This single-center study compared the use of conventional diagnostic tools and two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examinations for determining pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among children aged <5 years. METHODS: From July to October 2010, 45 patients aged 2 months to 60 months and diagnosed as having LRTIs were enrolled. Their nasopharyngeal aspirates were evaluated through viral culture and two multiplex PCR examinations. The patients' clinical course, symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 45 patients, 38 (84.4%) had detectable pathogens. Conventional viral and blood cultures had 35.6% positive rate, which increased to 51.1% when the quick antigen tests (Influenza A+B test and respiratory syncytial virus) and urine pneumococcal antigen test were combined. The positive rate further increased to 84.4% when the two multiplex PCR methods were combined. Twelve patients had co-infection, including 10 detected by the multiplex PCR methods. The co-infection rate was 26.7% (12/45). CONCLUSION: Most LRTIs in children have a viral etiology. Multiplex PCR tests are rapid assays that can increase the diagnostic yield rate and detect slow-growing viruses and can detect more pathogens than conventional viral culture to enable, thereby helping clinicians to provide appropriate and timely treatment.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 09/2012; · 0.99 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Background: Beginning 2007, the intratracheal route of epinephrine to end massive pulmonary hemorrhage (MPH) in very low-birthweight (VLBW) infants was modified at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital. The aim of the present study was to assess the change in outcomes for these infants, and to evaluate the risk factors of MPH. Methods: Using the database of the Premature Baby Foundation of Taiwan, the mortality, risk factors and characteristics of VLBW infants with or without MPH were compared between 2000-2006 and 2007-2010. Results: Between January 2000 and December 2010, 399 VLBW infants were admitted to Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital. Mean birthweight (BW) was 1099.6 ± 272.7 g, and mean gestational age (GA) was 28.7 ± 2.9 weeks. The overall survival rate was 84.2%. Sixteen (4%) had MPH: 11 in the first group (2000-2006; 18.2% survival rate), and five in the second group (2007-2010; 80% survival rate; P= 0.0000002). Infants with MPH had lower mean BW (864.9 ± 301.4 g, P= 0.0004), smaller mean GA (26.1 ± 2.0 weeks, P= 0.0002), significantly lower Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min, higher severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS; grades 3 or 4), and greater use of surfactant than infants without MPH. They also had more intraventricular hemorrhage and higher mortality. Conclusions: Smaller GA, lower BW, lower Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min, severe RDS (grades 3 or 4), and use of surfactant place VLBW infants at greater risk of MPH. Proper prenatal care and preventing premature labor and delivery were the most important preventative factors. A quick, deep thrust of intratracheal epinephrine with a catheter may improve survival.
Pediatrics International 05/2012; · 0.63 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a benign and self-limited disorder. The common clinical features are fever and cervical lymphadenitis. A 9-year-old girl with fever and cervical lymphadenitis was admitted because of persistent symptoms. A cervical lymph node biopsy showed the characteristic features of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease. Herein, we will discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and highlight the dramatic response when a patient was treated with hydroxychloroquine.
European Journal of Pediatrics 12/2010; 169(12):1557-9. · 1.88 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a rare disease. Since its first description in 1988, there have only been a few reports of this disease and the causative organism. These publications were primarily case reports and brief case series. We conducted a literature review to identify the nature of the disease and its risk factors.
We retrospectively reviewed the cases reported between 1988 and 2008 by searching the relevant literature using the keywords "endocarditis" and "Staphylococcus lugdunensis" in the Medline database. All cases included met the definition of the modified Duke criteria.
For the period 1988-2008, 67 cases from 27 articles were reviewed. The mean age of individuals was 53.9 years. Left-sided valvular endocarditis represented 52 (82.5%) of cases and native-valve endocarditis was evident in 48 (78.7%) of cases. A large proportion (82%) of 50 S. lugdunensis strains were susceptible to penicillin. Valve replacement operations were performed in 42 (66.7%) patients and the mortality rate was 38.8%. Univariate analysis showed a higher mortality rate in patients aged more than 50 years, those treated before 1995, those treated with antibiotics alone, and those with growth not detected by echocardiography. Medical treatment alone was the independent risk factor for mortality by multivariate analysis.
S. lugdunensis endocarditis led to substantial morbidity and mortality. Detailed microbiological identification, echocardiography evaluation, and valve replacement may improve the clinical outcome of individuals with S. lugdunensis endocarditis.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 12/2010; 43(6):478-84. · 0.99 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Traumatic pneumatocele is a rare complication of blunt chest trauma with uncertain pathogenesis. It occurs primarily in pediatric patients and is characterized by single or multiple pulmonary cystic lesions concomitant with other type of injuries of the lung parenchyma. Herein we present a case of traumatic pneumatocele in a 3-year-old boy, together with a brief review of the literature. This rare entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions complicating blunt chest trauma, especially in young adults. The disease generally has a benign and self-limiting course.
Pediatrics & Neonatology 04/2010; 51(2):135-8. · 0.75 Impact Factor
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Ping-Ing Lee,
Tzou-Yien Lin,
Kai-Sheng Hsieh,
Shyh-Dar Shyur,
Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Yung-Feng Huang,
Frank Leigh Lul,
Betau Hwang,
Nan-Chang Chiu,
Chun-Yi Lu,
Ching-Shiang Chi,
Po-Yen Chen,
Luan-Yin Chang,
Jong-Min Chen,
Bor-Luen Chiang,
Yhu-Chering Huang,
Chin-Yun Lee
Pediatrics & Neonatology 02/2010; 51(1):1-4. · 0.75 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Data on the clinical characteristics of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) are limited. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the demographic characteristics and clinical features of pediatric TB.
The medical records of children with TB at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, between 1992 and 2002 were analyzed for demographic and clinical characteristics, and treatment regimens.
103 children aged 0 to 14 years with probable or confirmed TB were enrolled. Ninety patients (87.4%) had pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 13 (12.6%) had extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). The mean +/- standard deviation age of children with PTB and with EPTB was 6.0 +/- 4.2 years and 4.5 +/- 5.4 years, respectively. Household contact was the route of infection for 44.4% of patients with PTB and 7.7% of patients with EPTB. TB in children aged 0 to 4 years most commonly involved the lung (53.3%) or the extrapulmonary region (69.2%). Common symptoms of PTB were cough (81.1%) and fever (33.3%). The most frequent sites of pediatric EPTB were bone (n = 4) and cervical lymph nodes (n = 4). Tuberculin skin test (TST; >or=10 mm) was positive in 69.6% of children with PTB (55/79) and 37.5% of children with EPTB (3/8). Children with PTB had a lower positive acidfast bacilli rate (40.0%) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture (27.8%). Eighty percent of patients infected through household contact had a positive TST.
Prolonged cough, household TB contact, and positive TST were characteristic factors for children with PTB in southern Taiwan. Young age was associated with high morbidity.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 12/2009; 42(6):516-20. · 0.99 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To determine the frequency, risk factors, associated pathogens, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) after pediatric cardiac surgery.
This was a retrospective review of the medical records of patients younger than 18 years with congenital heart disease (CHD) who underwent cardiac surgery from January 2005 to December 2007. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: with and without VAP.
Of 100 patients, 13% acquired VAP. Most patients (85%) who developed VAP were infants younger than 1 year. Patients with complex CHD were more likely to develop VAP than patients with simple CHD (chi(2) = 7.69; p < 0.03). Two independent and modifiable risk factors were identified: prolonged use of mechanical ventilation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 15.196; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.158-107.2) and prolonged use of a central venous catheter (AOR, 7.342; 95% CI, 1.054-51.140). The cardiopulmonary bypass time and duration of chest tube drainage were not risk factors. The development of VAP increased pediatric intensive care unit duration of stay (p < 0.006), duration of hospital stay (p < 0.001), and mortality rate (p < 0.001). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were the most common pathogens isolated from endotracheal aspirate.
VAP is common after congenital heart surgery. Physicians must pay special attention to infants with complex CHD because they are at high risk for the development of VAP after congenital heart surgery. Shortening the duration of mechanical ventilation and central venous catheter placement are critical factors for reducing the risk for VAP.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 10/2009; 42(5):413-9. · 0.99 Impact Factor
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Chia-Yu Chi,
Fan-Chen Tseng,
Ding-Ping Liu,
Ya-Wen Chang,
Han-Chieh Wu, Yung-Feng Huang,
Kao-Pin Hwang,
Yun-Wei Hsu,
Shih-Min Wang,
Ching-Chuan Liu,
Ho-Sheng Wu,
Jyh-Yuan Yang,
Chen-Fu Yang,
Jen-Ren Wang,
Ih-Jen Su
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ABSTRACT: In Taiwan, trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) is in the routine immunization schedule, but its association with illnesses had not been examined.
To investigate clinical presentations and viral characteristics of patients with poliovirus isolates.
Clinical data, vaccination records and viral sequences were retrospectively analyzed for patients from whom polioviruses were isolated during 2000-2005.
OPV-like strains were the only pathogen identified in 208 children who were diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection (24.5%), acute gastroenteritis (16.8%) or upper respiratory tract infection (10.6%). Timing of poliovirus isolation relative to the tOPV vaccination was unusual in 59 patients, including 6 before any dose and 53 more than 10 weeks after the 3rd or later dose of tOPV. Sequence analyses of the VP1, 2C and 3C/D regions for 19 poliovirus isolates revealed that 4 had previously reported neurovirulence reversions, 1 had intertypic recombination, and 6 had both. No patient had neurological complications, but 3 died of myocarditis, including 2 with recombinant strains and 1 who never received OPV.
This study describes the isolation of OPV-like strains from patients with a variety of illnesses, raising concerns about their pathogenic potential in an area where tOPV is routinely administered. The detection of genetic variations among OPV-like strains warrants continuing surveillance for these variants in patients with severe illnesses besides neurological complications.
Journal of clinical virology: the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology 05/2009; 45(2):129-34. · 3.12 Impact Factor
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Zhong-Zhe Lin,
Hey-Chi Hsu,
Chih-Hung Hsu,
Pei-Yen Yeh,
Chi-Ying F Huang, Yung-Feng Huang,
Te-Jung Chen,
Sung-Hsin Kuo,
Chiun Hsu,
Fu-Chang Hu,
Yung-Ming Jeng,
Ying Chung,
Ann-Lii Cheng
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ABSTRACT: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and novel therapies are urgently needed. Recently, aberrant expression of Aurora kinases has been reported in various human cancers including HCC. We sought to investigate the potential of a potent and selective Aurora kinase inhibitor, VE-465, for targeted therapy of HCC.
Cytotoxicity effects of VE-465 were tested in Huh-7 and HepG2 cell lines. Inhibition of Aurora kinase activity was demonstrated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Mitotic perturbation was visualized by confocal microscopy. Cell cycle profiles and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. In vivo efficacy was determined in nude mice with human HCC xenografts.
We demonstrated that VE-465 induced proliferation blockade, histone H3 (Ser10) dephosphorylation, mitotic disturbance, endoreduplication, and apoptosis in Huh-7 and HepG2 cells. We also found that VE-465 suppressed Aurora kinase activity, prevented tumor growth, and induced apoptosis in a Huh-7 xenograft model.
These findings show that VE-465 has potent anticancer effects in human HCC. Inhibitors of Aurora kinases may deserve further exploration as molecular targeted agents against HCC.
Journal of Hepatology 01/2009; 50(3):518-27. · 9.26 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common cause of systemic vasculitis in children, long-term and large-scale Taiwanese studies on HSP are rare. We reviewed the records of 107 Taiwanese pediatric patients diagnosed with HSP at our institution between 1991 and 2005.
The first clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and outcome evaluations of the patients were analyzed. Data were grouped according to the presence of fever and upper respiratory tact infection (URI) as a presenting symptom and also by gender. Chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis.
The children had a mean age of 6.2 +/- 2.5 years (range, 2 to 13 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.0:0.7. Main clinical symptoms included skin rashes (95.3%), gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (72.0%), joint involvement (46.7%), and kidney involvement (28.0%). The most common first manifestations were skin rashes (56.1%), GI symptoms (35.5%), and joint involvement (12.1%). There was no significant association between first manifestations and fever presence or gender. However, the non-URI patients had a significantly higher incidence of GI problems than the URI group (p=0.01). Fever as a symptom was not associated with elevation of C-reactive protein (p=0.45). Immunoglobulin A levels were within the normal range. No chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease was detected, and overall the prognosis of patients was good.
The categories used did not predict the expression of HSP, with the exception of an association between absence of URI and GI manifestations. Overall, HSP showed a good prognosis.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 09/2007; 40(4):371-6. · 0.99 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Rotavirus infection is the most important cause of diarrheal illness in small children in both developed and developing countries. In addition to causing morbidity and mortality in children, the treatment of rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major economic burden on the health care system and families. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic burden associated with rotavirus infection in Taiwan. To do this, we combined data on the disease burden of a rotavirus-associated hospital admission with detailed cost data for a sample of 2,600 children with diarrhea who were admitted to the hospital. The annual total social and hospital costs for rotavirus-associated admission calculated from data collected during April 1, 2001 to March 31, 2003 was US $13.3 million and US $10.4 million, respectively. On average, families spent US $294 when their child's admission was associated with rotavirus infection; this cost represents approximately 40% of the monthly salary of an unskilled or service worker. In conclusion, these data emphasize the potential for a safe and effective rotavirus vaccine to reduce the economic burden associated with rotavirus disease.
Vaccine 06/2007; 25(21):4266-72. · 3.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) is one of the well-known causes of cervicofacial lymphadenopathy in children under 5 years of age. Children often present with a painless cervical mass that fails to respond to conventional antibiotics. They are often referred under the suspicion of a neoplasm or bacterial adenitis rather than NTM cervical lymphadenitis. The lack of systemic symptoms, modest or negative purified protein derivative test and absence of exposure to active tuberculosis are characteristics of NTM lymphadenitis. The diagnosis usually requires the isolation of pathogen or pathologic proof. Complete excision is the choice of treatment by the majority of authors in the literature. This not only enables rapid diagnosis but ensures the lowest recurrence rate. Medical management is sometimes successful when complete resection is impossible or refused. To our knowledge, the incidence of NTM cervical lymphadenitis in children is increasing throughout the world. However, such reports of children in Taiwan is lacking. Clinicians should suspect a possible nontuberculous mycobacterial infection when a cervical lump is found in a child.
The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences 09/2006; 22(8):415-9. · 0.61 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We examined the epidemiological profile of rotavirus infection among children hospitalized for diarrhea in Taiwan, to assess the burden of this disease. From 1 April 2001 through 31 March 2003, children <5 years old with gastroenteritis admitted to 4 sentinel hospitals were enrolled in a surveillance study and had stool specimens tested for the presence of rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, and the bacterial pathogens for which routine screening is performed. For 52% of patients, a recognized enteric pathogen was identified, including rotavirus (43% of patients), bacteria (11%), enteric adenovirus (2.5%), and a mixture of pathogens (3.9%). Rotavirus was detected year-round, but great month-to-month variability made it difficult to identify a distinct seasonal pattern. Rotavirus disease was most common among children 7-23 months old, but the rate of rotavirus detection varied little between the youngest and oldest age groups. The novel strain P[8]G9 was detected most commonly (37% of strains), followed by strains P[8]G1 (31%), P[4]G2 (10%), P[8]G3 (9.3%), and P[8]G4 (3.7%). Rotavirus infection is the most important cause of diarrhea among hospitalized children in Taiwan, and a rotavirus vaccination program for young children might significantly reduce this problem.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 09/2005; 192 Suppl 1:S44-8. · 6.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hyper-IgM syndrome (HIM) is a rare disorder resulting from mutation in the CD40 ligand (CD40L) gene. This defect is associated with normal or elevated serum level of IgM and with low to undetectable levels of serum IgG, IgA, IgE. This case of HIM with CD40L deficiency was proven by flow cytometry but initially presented as interstitial pneumonia. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was highly suggested. After intravenous immunoglobulin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment, his lung condition improved. However, peritonitis developed and surgical intervention was performed. Ileum perforation and intestinal lymphoproliferation from a pathologic specimen were noted. Although peritonitis is extremely rare in patients with HIM, this report indicates that peritonitis which results from intestinal lymphoproliferation may be a manifestation of HIM.
Chang Gung medical journal 02/2003; 26(1):53-9.
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this retrospective study was to test the connection between acute M. pneumoniae infection and the exacerbation of asthma. The clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma infection seen during emergent visits in asthmatic children were reviewed.
We examined the cases of 316 asthma exacerbation patients aged from two to fourteen-years-old. They were divided into two groups according to their asthma history. One hundred and eighty-eight cases had evidence of a history of asthma (group 1) and 128 had only had their first asthma attack (group 2). The control group (group 3) was made up of 151 asthmatic children who had no acute exacerbation during the previous six months. In all three groups, we looked whether those children had acute M. pneumoniae infection or not. Acute M. pneumoniae infection was defined by positive results in serologic testing, with specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody or with a > or = fourfold increase in IgG titer by the third week in the same children.
In group 1, acute M. pneumionae infection was found in 42 (23%) of the 188 children. In group 2, acute M. pneumoniae infection was proven in 57 (45%) of the 128 children. In the control group, 10 (7%) of the 151 children had M. pneumoniae infection. Twenty-three (54%) asthmatic children that presented with fever as the chief complaint were infected with M. pneumoniae, compared with 18 (12%) children without infection (p = 0.014). Twenty-nine (50%) children having their first asthma attack with fever were infected with M. pneumoniae, compared with 22 (32%) without infection (p = 0.009). In group 1, 17 (41%) children with M. pneumoniae infections and 28 (19%) children without M. pneumoniae infections presented with rale breathing sounds of the physical examination (p = 0.027). In group 2, 26 (46%) children with M. pneumoniae infections and 17 (24%) children without M. pneumoniae infections presented with rale breathing sounds (p = 0.019).
We found that M. pneumoniae may play a role in asthmatic exacerbation among children, especially in those experiencing their first asthma attack. Moreover, among children with acute M. pneumoniae infection, the number was significantly increased of children having fever as the chief complaint and rales in auscultations compared with those without M. pneumoniae infection.
Acta paediatrica Taiwanica = Taiwan er ke yi xue hui za zhi 49(1):14-8.
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ABSTRACT: The symptoms and signs of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the newborn are non-specific. We carried out a retrospective investigation of 30 neonates in whom urinary tract infections were diagnosed by urinary culture. In our study, UTI was a little more common in boys (56%). Eight babies (27%) had low birth weights (less then 2,500 gm). In addition to fe- ver, gastrointestinal tract symptoms and jaundice were also frequently associated with UTI. Escherichia coli was the most common causative pathogen, 85% of which was sensitive to gentamicin. Thirteen patients (43%) had congenital genitourinary (GU) tract anomalies. Of these, five cases were diagnosed via prenatal ultrasonography. Ureteropelvic junction stenosis was the most common malformation. Recurrent UTI occurred in 3 babies who had major congenital GU tract anomalies. Resistant strains were found in cases of recurrent UTI. Pyuria was seen in 21 cases (75%) and bacteremia in two.
