-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This study investigated the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and "substance of choice" in 500 male Turkish psychiatric outpatients manifesting a DSM-IV diagnosed antisocial personality disorder (APD) and a SUD diagnoses (the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV). Lifetime SUDs were diagnosed in 86% of APD subjects. Alcohol, cannabis, and inhalant use disorders were the most frequent among substance use, 75.6%, 67.4%, and 35.6%, respectively. This sample's "substance of choice" differed from reported Western populations; a result which may be influenced by socio-cultural variations. The study's limitations are noted.
Substance Use & Misuse 02/2006; 41(8):1171-8. · 1.10 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In enuretic children there is a significantly higher incidence of fine and gross motor clumsiness, delayed developmental milestones, slower and poor linear growth, and these patients are shorter than normal children. Skeletal maturation of enuretic children has been determined with bone age in only two studies before, but to our knowledge bone mineral content of enuretic children has not previously been determined by bone mineral density measurement. Bone mineral density was measured by the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry method in children with nocturnal enuresis and compared with that of a control group to detect whether there were any delay in bone development and any decrease in bone mass. Thirty enuretic children were compared with a control group of 40 healthy children with respect to body height and weight measurements, daily calcium intake, serum calcium, phosphorus and ALP levels, chronological and bone ages, and bone mineral density measurements. Of the parameters compared, bone age was significantly retarded, and bone mineral density was significantly reduced in children with enuresis (8.3 +/- 1.9 vs 9.7 +/- 2.3 years; p = 0.01, and 0.5476 +/- 0.07 vs 0.6077 +/- 0.05 g/cm2; p = 0.001, respectively). Chronological ages demonstrated a significant correlation with the bone ages in both the study and control groups (r = 0.852, p < 0.001, and r = 0.844, p < 0.001, respectively). However, the mean chronological age was significantly greater than the mean bone age in the study group (p < 0.001), whereas the mean chronological age was not significantly different from the mean bone age in the control group (p = 0.514). To clarify the exact mechanism responsible for these manifestations of skeletal maturation retardation, the relationship between the maturational delay of the central nervous system connections or the effect of any perinatal insult and the retardation in skeletal maturation remains to be determined.
International Urology and Nephrology 01/2003; 35(3):381-5. · 1.47 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Despite the fact that primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is self-limited and pathologically benign, the emotional stress and inconvenience that it produces, warrants treatment. Imipramine is one of the widely used drugs in PNE treatment. Although some mutagenic effects were suggested in imipramine administration, this toxicity has never been investigated in enuretic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of exposure to imipramine with DNA damage.
Thirty-five children treated with imipramine for at least 4.5 months who were in otherwise good health were accepted into the investigation. Twenty healthy sisters or brothers of the patients who did not use any long-term drugs were studied simultaneously as the control group. Comet assay was used to evaluate DNA damage.
Damaged (limited and extensive migrated) cells of the enuretic children who were taking imipramine were statically higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05) indicating a detectable DNA damaging effect of imipramine in human lymphocytes.
Our finding suggests that the difference in comet scores between two groups was induced by the imipramine treatment. The other possibility to be considered is the psychological stress of the children who were concerned by the symptoms and their parent's anxiety. As our preliminary data were based on a limited number of children, further research is needed considering the importance of this possible toxic effects which may be associated with mutagenicity.
Pediatrics International 01/2003; 44(6):617-21. · 0.63 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Plasma and erythrocyte levels of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) have not been investigated in volatile (inhalant) substance abusers previously, although changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes resulting from oxidative damage caused by various constituents of volatile substances have been shown in a few animal and human studies. Concentrations of these two elements in erythrocytes and plasma of 37 adolescents with inhalant abuse were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and compared with those of 37 age-matched healthy controls. Erythrocyte and plasma levels of Se and plasma level of Zn were significantly lower in the study group when compared to the control group. Chronic inhalation of volatile substances can decrease the plasma levels of Se and Zn and, thus, may lead to a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems in adolescent abusers. The role of Se and Zn supplementation in children with inhalant abuse remains to be determined considering the reduced antioxidant activity resulting from deficiency of these trace elements.
Biological Trace Element Research 09/2002; 88(2):119-23. · 1.92 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Glue and thinner sniffing is a serious medical problem since the volatile constituents of these substances can lead to severe damage to bone marrow, liver, kidney, brain, and heart. The exact mechanisms responsible for tissue and organ damage in children with inhalant abuse have not yet been determined. In this study, we aimed to determine the levels of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde in children with inhalant abuse. Erythrocyte and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and erythrocyte and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as biological markers of oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in 37 glue and thinner (inhalant) abusers. The levels were compared with those of the 27 well-matched healthy adolescents. Erythrocyte SOD activity and erythrocyte and plasma MDA levels were significantly higher, whereas erythrocyte and plasma GSH-Px activities were significantly lower in children with inhalant abuse when compared to controls (p<0.01). These findings imply that chronic inhalation of volatile substances can alter the levels of antioxidant enzymes including SOD and GSH-Px, and can increase lipid peroxidation in adolescent abusers.
The Turkish journal of pediatrics 45(1):43-5. · 0.44 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Although acute and chronic toxic effects of inhalant (glue) abuse have been well demonstrated on many organ systems, the effects on the skeletal system and bone mineral content of young people with this addiction have, to our knowledge, not yet been investigated by bone mineral density measurement. In the present study bone mineral density was measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method in 25 children and adolescents with inhalant abuse and compared with that of a control group (n=30) to detect whether there was any delay in bone development or any decrease in bone mass. Chronological age, height and weight, serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels of the study group were not significantly different from those of the control group (p>0.05), whereas bone mineral density was significantly reduced in the study group (p=0.001). Teenagers with glue vapor abuse may carry an increased risk of future fracture even though the exact mechanism(s) responsible for the toxicitiy of glue vapor on bone metabolism remains to be determined. To ascertain the exact component of glue responsible for bone demineralisation may be of value in proposing a change in the composition of the glue. Education and/or rehabilitation programs currently have the greatest importance in preventing and overcoming the harmful effects of this public health problem which is so common in young children and adolescents.
The Turkish journal of pediatrics 44(4):326-9. · 0.44 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Phagophobia is a form of psychogenic dysphagia. Although it is characterized by a fear and avoidance of swallowing food, fluids, or pills, physical examination and laboratory findings are normal. Here, we present a case of phagophobia, who at 13 years of age was brought to our hospital by his family because of his fear and avoidance of swallowing food and loss of weight. After psychiatric interview, the patient underwent an oral peripheral examination, stroboscopic laryngeal evaluation, the Bedside Swallow Evaluation, and the Modified Barium Swallow Study. His physical examination and all laboratory findings were normal. The management of this case included the combination of behavior therapy and a dysphagia management program. After approximately one month of utilizing these techniques, the case showed considerable improvement.
The Turkish journal of pediatrics 48(1):80-4. · 0.44 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: SüleymanDemirel Üniversitesi TIP FAKÜLTESİ DERGİSİ: 1999 Aralık; 6(4) Fenobarbital Uygulamasında Intravenöz ve Intraosseöz Yolların Karşılaştırılması Ruşen Dündaröz, Turner Türkbay, Ali Sızlan, Tuncer Değim, Faysal Gök, Tahir Özışık Özet Status epileptikus klasik olarak 30 dakikadan uzun süren jenaralize tonik-klonik nöbet olarak tarif edilir. Uzun süren nöbet aktivitesi irreversibl serebral hasar ile sonuçlanabilir. Üstelik, nöbet aktivitesinin uzun sürmesinin kontrol edilebilirliğini azalttığı yönünde kanıtlar vardır. Damar yolunun sağlanması nöbet esnasında sıklıkla zordur. Öte yandan intraosseöz yol (IO) kullanıma hazırdır. Bu ça¬lışmada, 20 mg/kg dozunda fenobarbital IV ve IO yoldan tavşanlara uygulandı. Fenobarbital kan düzey¬leri ölçüldü ve sonuçlar karşılaştırıldı. Fenobarbital plazma profilinin IO uygulamada terapötik seviyede olduğu görüldü. IO yolun fenobarbital verilmesinde IV yola alternatif olabileceği sonucuna varıldı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Fenobarbital, kemik iliği infüzyonu, intraosseöz infüzyon, intravasküler giriş, status epileptikus Abstract Comparison of Intravenous and Intraosseous Routes for The Administration of Phenobarbital Status epilepticus (SE) is classically defined as a generalized tonic-clonic seizure lasting longer than 30 min. Prolonged seizure activity can result in irreversible cerebral injury. In addition, evidence suggests that the longer the duration of the seizure, the less likely the activity is to be controlled. IV access, however, is frequently difficult to achieve during the seizure. On the other hand, intraosseous (IO) access is available. In this study, phenobarbital was administered to rabbits using both IV and IO lines at the dose of 20 mg/kg. The levels of phenobarbital in the blood were measured and the results were compared. The plasma profile of phenobarbital was found to be in the therapeutic level when it was administered by IO route. It was concluded that the IO line appeared to be an alternative route to IV access in the administration of phenobarbital. Key Words: Phenobarbital, bone marrow infusion, intraosseous infusion, intravascular access, status epilepticus
SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi; Vol 6, No 4 (1999).
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: SüleymanDemirel Üniversitesi TIP FAKÜLTESİ DERGİSİ: 1999 Aralık; 6(4) Depresyon İçin Fluoksetin Tedavisi Gören Kadınlarda Sister-Chromatid Exchange Analizi Ruşen Dündaröz, A. Zafer Çalışkaner, Turner Türkbay, Faysal Gök, Nesrin Dilbaz, Volkan Baltacı Özet Depresyon çağımızda dünyanın her tarafında sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir hastalıktır. Kadınlarda daha sıktır. Fluoksetin son yıllarda depresyonun tedavisinde en yaygın kullanılan ilaçlardan biridir. Buna rağmen DNA üzerindeki etkisi yeterince araştırılmamıştır. Hamilelik göz önüne alınırsa böyle bir toksik etki kadınlarda daha önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, depresyonlu kadın hastaların periferik lenfositlerinde Sister Chromatide Exchange (SCE) yöntemi kullanılarak uzun süre fluoksetin kullanımının DNA üzerine olası toksik etkisi araştırıldı. Sonuçlar, SCE sıklığının uzun süre fluoksetin kullanan kadınlarda kontrol grubuna nazaran istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede arttığını gösterdi. Bu çalışma bu konudaki ilk çalışma olduğundan, sonuçları doğrulamak üzere daha kapsamlı klinik ve deneysel çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Fluoksetin, depresyon, SCE, teratojenite, DNA hasarı Abstract Sister-Chromatid Exchange Analysis in Women Treated With Fluoxetine for Depression Depression is a disease frequently seen in our times around the world. It is more common in women. Fluoxetine is one of the drugs -widely used in the treatment of depression in recent years. However, there are not enough studies of its effects on DNA. This possible toxic effect is more important in women considering the possibility of pregnancy. In the present study, the potential toxic effects of long term fluoxetine therapy on DNA was investigated by means of incidence of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) using the peripheral blood lymphocytes of female patients with depression. The results showed that the frequency of SCE were significantly increased in women who have received fluoxetine for a long time compared to the control group (p
SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi; Vol 6, No 4 (1999).
