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ABSTRACT: To study the concentration difference and source of five kinds of heavy metals in the adult blood in four cities.
Concentrations of five kinds of heavy metals in the healthy man blood were determined and compared by ICP-MS or AFS, which came from four different kinds of dietary cities, those are Taiyuan, Tianjin, Chengdu, Zhenjiang.
Contents of blood Pb and Cd in Chengdu, Taiyuan were higher thanjian Jin, Zhenjiang, Taiyuan were higher than Zhenjiang in blood Cu and higher than other cities in blood Hg, however, contents of blood As in Zhenjiang were higher than other three cities. In the whole, there was a phenomenon, that was, contents of five heavy metals in Chengdu, Tai Yuan were higher than Tianjin, Zhenjiang. Correlation of heavy metals in the blood were of statistical significance.
The difference of heavy metals in the blood related to different living surrounding and dietary habit. The correlation result suggested we should study the poisoning effect integrating other relative element.
Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research 09/2012; 41(5):840-3.
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Biological trace element research 05/2012; · 1.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In order to explore the associations between trace elements in dietary intake and the other three biological media (blood,
urine, or feces) and inter-element interactions among the latter, we simultaneously collected 72-h diet duplicates, whole
blood, and 72-h urine and feces from 120 free-living healthy males in China. Correlations among the toxic (cadmium [Cd], lead
[Pb]), and nutritionally essential (zinc [Zn], copper [Cu], iron [Fe], manganese [Mn], selenium [Se], iodine [I]) elements
were evaluated using Spearman rank correlation analysis based on analytical data determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry. Dietary Cd intakes were highly correlated with the fecal Cd and blood Cd levels. Inverse correlations were found
for Fe–Cd and Fe–Pb in both diet versus blood and diet versus feces. Cd–Zn and Cd–Se were significantly directly correlated
in the urine and feces. Cd–Se and Pb–Se were negatively correlated in blood. In addition, there existed an extremely significant
association between urinary Se and urinary I. Moreover, the other two highly direct correlations were found for Se–Fe and
for I–Fe in urine. Improved knowledge regarding their mutual associations is considered to be of fundamental importance to
understand more the complex interrelationships in trace element metabolism.
KeywordsToxic and essential elements–Metal–metal correlation–ICP-MS–Dietary intake–Urinary excretion–Fecal excretion
Biological Trace Element Research 04/2012; 145(2):127-135. · 1.92 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The enrichment and separation method was used in the present paper to overcome the influence of matrix effect on the determination of lead concentration and isotope ratios. The patented method was used to enrich and separate the lead in simulated blood matrix; the lead concentrations and isotope ratios were determined by ICP-MS before and after enrichment and separation. The recovery rate of Pb is more than 99% through this method while the removal rate of major impurity ions such as Na, K is about 80%. The concentrations of each lead isotope decrease with the matrix concentration increasing (p < 0.001), and lead isotope ratios show no significant differences in the matrix of different concentrations. When the matrix concentration is more than 62.5 microg x mL(-1), the strength will decrease with the determination times increasing. It was concluded that the characteristics of this method are of high recovery rate (> 99%), fast, simple and convenient, and it can raise the accuracy and precision of the concentration determination of lead isotopes and has no significant influence on the accuracy of lead isotope ratios determination.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 03/2012; 32(3):765-9. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Blood lead is a reflection of environment lead in vivo, its concentration could be used to assess lead exposure of environment quantitatively, and its isotopic ratio could be used to fingerprint environment source qualitatively. In the present study, concentrations and isotopic ratios of blood lead (BPb) of four cities in China were measured by ICP-MS for the first time. The regional effects of BPb in four Chinese cities were observed in our study. The BPb levels of industrial cities (Taiyuan and Chengdu) are higher than that of non-industrial cities (Suzhou and Beijing), indicating that industrial pollution remains primary lead contamination factor. The BPb isotopic ratios are diverse with the different character of environment the individuals live in. Food-borne lead probably has replaced the air-borne lead to be the major source of BPb in Beijing. Besides, regional effect of BPb in some developed cities is partly weakened by diversity of vast majority of imported resources.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 11/2011; 31(11):3101-4. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To study the relationship between spiral CT findings and histological differentiation and expressions of p53 and Ki67 in gastric carcinoma.
Triphasic spiral CT was performed in 158 patients. CT findings included maximal diameter and thickness of tumor in three dimensional CT images, degree of enhancement, muscous situation, lymph nodes, and visceral metastasis were recorded. The expressions of p53 and Ki67 were detected with immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
The thickness of tumor (chi2 = 5.554, P = 0.018), degree of enhancement (chi2 = 4.978, P = 0.026), and lymph nodes metastasis (chi2 = 6.061, P = 0.014) in the three dimensional CT images were significantly correlated with tumor histological differentiation. Lymph nodes metastasis was significantly correlated with the expression of p53 (chi2 = 5.028, P = 0.025). The expression of Ki67 was significantly correlated with the thickness of tumor (chi2 = 5.674, P = 0.017) and lymph nodes metastasis (chi2 = 5.028, P = 0.025).
Multi-slice CT is a simple and noninvasive technique, and can be used for assessing the histological differentiation of gastric cancer as well as the expressions of p53 and Ki67 before the operation.
Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 10/2011; 33(5):555-9.
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ABSTRACT: Genome shuffling is an efficient way to improve complex phenotypes under the control of multiple genes. For the improvement of strain's performance in very high-gravity (VHG) fermentation, we developed a new method of genome shuffling. A diploid ste2/ste2 strain was subjected to EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) mutagenesis followed by meiotic recombination-mediated genome shuffling. The resulting haploid progenies were intrapopulation sterile and therefore haploid recombinant cells with improved phenotypes were directly selected under selection condition. In VHG fermentation, strain WS1D and WS5D obtained by this approach exhibited remarkably enhanced tolerance to ethanol and osmolarity, increased metabolic rate, and 15.12% and 15.59% increased ethanol yield compared to the starting strain W303D, respectively. These results verified the feasibility of the strain improvement strategy and suggested that it is a powerful and high throughput method for development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with desired phenotypes that is complex and cannot be addressed with rational approaches.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 06/2011; 91(4):1239-46. · 3.42 Impact Factor
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Lei Wang,
Jia-Ning Fu,
Jing-Yu Wang,
Cun-Jing Jin,
Xiao-Yuan Ren,
Qiang Tan,
Jing Li,
Han-Wei Yin,
Kun Xiong, Tian-Yu Wang,
Xin-Min Liu,
Hui-Hui Zeng
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ABSTRACT: It has been proposed that thioredoxin reductase (TR) is a mediator that allows non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to develop resistance to irradiation; however, little is known regarding the detailed mechanisms of action. Thus, ethaselen {1, 2-[bis (1,2-benzisoselenazolone-3 (2H)-ketone)] ethane, BBSKE}, a novel organoselenium TR inhibitor, is currently being investigated in a phase I clinical trial in China. However, its radiosensitizing effect remains unexplored. In this study, we found that the activity of TR increased dramatically in both A549 and H1299 cells after radiation, and moreover, could be inhibited by pretreatment with BBSKE (5 μmol/l). As a TR inhibitor, BBSKE enhanced the efficacy of radiation therapy both in vivo and in vitro without observable toxicity. BBSKE was found to suppress irradiation-induced NF-κB activation dramatically when using A549 cells stably transfected with NF-κB luciferase reporter. These results show the critical role of TR in the radioresistance of NSCLC and suggest that BBSKE is a potentially promising agent for the treatment of patients with NSCLC clinically.
Anti-cancer drugs 05/2011; 22(8):732-40. · 2.23 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Chinese traditional medicine (CTM) containing realgar may contain high levels of toxic metals, such as arsenic, etc. The monitoring of trace elements, especially the harmful elements, is closely related to the quality control of the CTM. Three kinds of CTM containing realgar were digested by microwave method and electric heating plate method, and As, Hg, Cu, Cd and Pb were determined using ICP-MS and ICP-AES. In addition, this research determined the content of soluble heavy metals in the human gastrointestinal solution. The results showed that three kinds of CTM contained As of 24 350-68 627 mg x kg(-1); Hg of 0.26-122 313.6 mg x kg(-1); Cu of 2.04-6.95 mg x kg(-1); Cd of 0.02-1.46 mg x kg(-1); Pb of 0.42-40.60 mg x kg(-1). In comparison, the contents of soluble heavy metals in the human gastrointestinal solution are: As of 81-618 mg x L(-1); Hg of 0.34-216 mg x L(-1); Cu of 1.08-215 mg x L(-1), and Pb, Cd were not detected.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 01/2011; 31(1):256-9. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In the present study, a method for determination of BrO3- and Br- using ion chromatograghy coupling with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS) was developed. BrO3- and Br- were separated on a Hamilton PRP X-100 (150 x 4.1 mm, 10 microm) column guarding with a On-guard II RP (4 x 50 mm) column with 10 mmol x L(-1) NH4NO3 eluent solution at 2 mL x min(-1). By using 200 microL sample loop, the detection limits for BrO3- and Br were 0.35 and 0.36 microg x L(-1), respectively. BrO3- had good linearity in the range 4.8-160.0 ng x L(-1). The standard solution linear equation was y = 250.31x-45.43, and R2 = 0.9999. Br had good linearity in the range 4.2-140.0 ng x L(-1). The standard solution linear equation was y = 186.84x-127.10, and R2 = 0.9994. Recoveries of spiked samples were 98.9%-109.5% and 97.4%-106.1%, respectively. The samples included various kinds of Chinese patent drugs, waters, and beverages. Among them, 14 bottled drinking waters and 2 kinds of tap waters were found containing BrO-, while other samples were under BrO3- detection limit. Br- was detected in all samples.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 11/2010; 30(11):3136-9. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. In order to investigate the molecular biologic mechanism of HCC's development, we studied the expressions of SE-1, CD105 and CD31 in tumor endothelial cells (TECs) of HCC and in the serum of rats.
We analyzed the expressions of SE-1, CD31 and CD105 in rat HCC tumor tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Twenty HCC bearing rats and eighteen normal rats were examined for the expressions of SE-1, CD31 and CD105 antigens in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
SE-1, CD31 and CD105 antigens were detected both in HCC tissue and in normal liver tissue with higher expressions of CD31 and CD105 in HCC while the SE-1 antigen expression was higher in normal liver. Similarly, serum CD31 and CD105 in rats with HCC were significantly increased compared with normal rats (t = 2.8628, P = 0.0086; t = 4.4922, P < 0.0001, respectively). In contrast, SE-1 antigen in HCC rat serum was significantly decreased compared with normal rats (t = 3.4983, P = 0.0011).
SE-1, CD31 and CD105 are closely related with liver tumor angiogenesis, which is similar to their performances in terms of their expressions in the serum.
Chinese medical journal 03/2010; 123(6):730-3. · 0.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Fine particulate matters (PMZ2.5) collected in Beijing during a period from September 2005 to May 2006 were studied. Sequential extraction procedures were applied to divide the total lead into three fractions, i.e. water soluble, liposoluble and insoluble lead. Lead concentrations and their isotopes in each fraction were then determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Lead standard reference GBW 09133 was used to investigate the accuracy of lead concentration determination and SRM 981 was used to correct the mass discrimination and instrumental drift. The obtained results showed that the analytical precision of lead isotope ratios for SRM 981 of seven repeat measurements at lead concentration of 10 ng x mL(-1) came to about 0.34, 0.27 and 0.24 percent for the 206 Pb/204 Pb, 206Pb/207 Pb and 206Pb/208 Pb ratios, respectively. In Beijing, the mass concentrations for PM2.5 and lead of ambient air were 125.556 and 0.5415 microg x m(-3) respectively for winter 2005, and 201.6 and 0.475 microg x m(-3) respectively for spring 2006 on average, resembling those published results. It was indicated that the lead in the PM2.5 existed mainly in insoluble form, which accounted for 78.99%, while water soluble lead and liposoluble lead amount were 20.69% and 0.32%, respectively. The mean values of 206Pb/207Pb ratio for water soluble species and insoluble species were 1.152 6 +/- 0.009 3 and 1.219 3 +/- 0.009 1 respectively, with a significant difference (Student's test; p < 0.01) statically. By comparing 206Pb/207Pb ratios between biological specimen and ambient air samples, the 206Pb/207Pb ratios in water soluble fraction coincided very well with those in adult blood, therefore, water soluble lead but not insoluble lead in PM2.5 may be the potential source of adults blood lead in Beijing. More attention should be paid to the effect of soluble lead in fine particle matters on human health.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 03/2009; 29(2):515-8. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Changes in content and distribution of elements in human tissues may reflect changes in environmental backgrounds, and are closely related to human health. To investigate the change in element background in normal lung tissue in different stage, we used ICP-MS, ICP-AES and GFAAS to determine 51 element contents in normal human lung samples of 1982-83 year (n = 7) and compare with those of 2004-05 year (n = 16). Samples were from healthy male adults who died suddenly, and were treated with microwave digestion and wet digestion method. The results show that the contents of 23 elements (Na, Mg, P, K, As, Mo, Ag, Ba, Bi, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) are significantly higher, and 6 elements (Zn, Ga, Ge, Se, Au and Zr) are significantly lower in the 2004-05 samples than those in the 1982-83 samples. This difference would be related to the changes in environmental backgrounds and people's living habit during twenty years. The distinctive decrease in contents of the 2004-05 samples for most measured rare earth elements (REEs) may be due to more rational usage of REEs in present, while were the soil and corps were largely abused in 1980s in China. The significant increase in contents of some useful micro-elements (Zn and Se ) in the present samples maybe because of the increased intake of these elements as people own more health consciousness. Besides, the increased contents of heavy metal Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in the present samples may be related to the deterioration of air quality as industrialization course. More than half of measured elements have been significantly changed over twenty years, indicating that some normal value ranges of element contents should be adjusted according to the difference.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 06/2008; 28(5):1153-6. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To study the characters of concentration of 42 elements in Radix Astragali and make an attempt at looking for relationship between the element concentration and regions where samplers are obtained.
Determining the content of elements in 40 Radix Astragali samples from 7 different provinces by ICP-MS, AFS and ASS. Analyzing the correlation of elements in Radix Astragali using statistic software (Spss).
Firstly, similar lines of element concentration have been acquired in our research. Secondly, it is observed that the content of elements in the samples shows regional diversity. Thirdly, there are 346 correlative element pairs in correlate analysis. And some of them indicate remarkable correlativity.
With the aid of obtained results, it is concluded that element content in Radix Astragali display special distributing line. Remarkable correlation is presented in some element pairs. The quality of Radix Astragali gained from Neimeng, Shanxi and Gansu are better than those from other regions.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 03/2008; 33(3):255-8.
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Hong-Da Zhu, Jing-Yu Wang,
Quan Wu,
Nei-Fen Wang,
Ti-Jiang Fan,
Hu-Sheng Liu,
Qing-Fen Liu,
Xiao-Yan Wang,
Li Ou-Yang,
Ya-Qiong Liu,
Qing Xie
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ABSTRACT: To provide basis of reference values for relevant parameters of Chinese Reference Man.
Eighteen kinds of major organ or tissue samples, including muscle, rib, liver, and so on, were obtained from 4 areas (Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, and Sichuan provinces) with different dietary patterns in China in autopsy of 16 healthy adult men, who had just encountered sudden deaths. At the same time, whole blood samples were collected from 10 volunteers living in each of these areas. The concentrations of 56 elements in these samples were detected by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS) techniques. Based on obtained concentrations and reference values of these organ or tissue weights for Chinese Reference Man, the relative elemental burdens in these organs or tissues as well whole body were also estimated.
The concentrations of 56 elements in 18 main organs or tissues were determined all together and their elemental organ or tissue and whole body burdens were estimated. Furthermore, the distributions of important elements for radiation protection in these organs or tissues were emphatically discussed.
By summing with past related results, the total results obtained from the series of research may provide more reliable and better representative basis of these reference values for Chinese Reference Man than before.
Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 07/2007; 22(2):71-82.
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ABSTRACT: The research studied the influence of matrix effect on the determination of lead concentration and isotope ratio through simulating blood matrix, and its correction by common analyte internal standardization (CAIS) method. The experiment results showed that CAIS method was suitable for the multi-element-matrix. The relative errors between the determined and the true concentration values are 20% (without correction), 8% (by conventional internal reference correction) and 2% (by CAIS correction), respectively. Otherwise, the influence of matrix effect and its correction for isotope ratio determination are not that obvious. Similarity of the mass number and properties between internal reference and analyte elements seems not important for CAIS correction, since very close correction results were obtained by using Tl and Dy as internal reference elements. Besides, correction results are not affected by different matrix dilution. Reliability and practicality of CAIS were proved by bovine blood standard material determination.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 03/2007; 27(2):374-7. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A method for determining 55 elements in human lung tissue was developed. Mixed acid (HNO3:HCl04) was added into samples, which were digested at room temperature over night, then heated at 180 degrees C. Arsenic and selenium in lung tissue were determined by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS), potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), while the rest of forty-eight elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Reference materials of GBW(E)080193 bovine hepar and GBWO9101 human hair were analyzed by the described method. The measured element values in two reference materials accorded with their reference values. The recovery rates for most of the studied elements were 90%-110%. The precisions of the method were 1.7%-10.0%. The concentrations of seventeen elements in the carcinomatous tissues were remarkably different from those in the pericarcinomatous tissues. The method is rapid, simple and accurate.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 12/2006; 26(11):2120-4. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To study the correlation of rare earth elements (REEs) in the rats' hair, blood and organs.
Based on the level of animal weights, 50 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups including control group and four Citrate REEs level groups (low, middle, high-I and high-II). Before the experiment, the hair of rats' back was eliminated. After the rats were fed for four weeks, the fresh hair of the rats was collected. Except the high-II group, the blood and organs of the others were collected. The high-II group was fed for other four weeks without Citrate REEs. At the end of eighth week, hair, blood and organs of the high-II group were collected. Determination of light REEs concentration in the rats' hair, blood, liver, spleen and bone by ICP-MS.
The correlation coefficients of REEs concentration between hair and organs (such as liver, spleen and bone) were more than 0.5, while those of REEs concentration between blood and organs (such as liver spleen and bond) were less than 0.5. In the group H- Il, the Rees concentration in blood, hair, liver, spleen and bone were all decrease, and the REEs concentration of blood was close to that of the control groups.
The concentrations of REEs in these organs were different. And hair was better than blood as a biomarker to reflect body exposure of REEs.
Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research 06/2006; 35(3):345-7.
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ABSTRACT: This paper studied the trace elements Cs, Th and U in ten kinds of human autopsy tissues by ICP-MS. The instrumental operating conditions were optimized for the measurement of Cs, Th and U. Rhodium (Rh) was used as an internal standard element to compensate matrix effect. Detection limits for Th, U and Cs were 5.7-17.8 pg x mL(-1). The recoveries for spiking liver samples were 96%-107%, and their RSDs were 4.8%-8.9%. Reference materials of NIST SRM 8414 Bovine and NIST SRM 1486 Bone Meal were analyzed by the described method, and the analytical results agreed well with the reference values. Human autopsy tissues samples were digested by mixed acid (HNO3 + HClO4). The determination of Cs, Th and U in lung, liver, bone, heart, stomach, spleen, muscle, kidney, thyroid gland and intestinum tenue was performed by ICP-MS without separation and enrichment procedures. The obtained results indicated that this method is rapid, sensitive and accurate; the distribution of the three elements is different from one to another human organ sample; the main organ targets for Th and U are lungs and kidneys; and a coordinated variation of Cs, Th and U concentration in lungs was found in the samples collected from Hebei and Sichuan provinces.
Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 10/2004; 24(9):1117-20. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To make an attempt at the multi-element speciation in the Chinese medicinal herbs by determining the concentrations of 25 elements in different extraction solutions.
Firstly, five Chinese medicinal herbs (Buddleja officinalis, Dictamnus dasycarpus, Myristica fragrans, Albizia judibrissin and Inula japonica) from the same region of China were treated to obtain water-soluble phase, lipid-soluble phase and non-soluble phase by water extraction, organic solvent extraction and acid digestion, respectively. Secondly, Phytolacca acinosa, a Chinese medicinal herb collected from 9 regions of China, was extracted by 0% EtOH, 50% EtOH, 75% EtOH, 95% EtOH, respectively, referring the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Finally, the concentrations of 25 elements, such as Be, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ge, Sr, Y, Mo, Cd, Tl, Pb and REEs, in the above three phases were determined by ICP-MS.
Under the optimal conditions, all the 25 elements could be determined with detection limits ranged from 0.003 to 0.71 ng x g(-1). The average recoveries of the elements in P. acinosa were 88% approximately 119%, with the relative standard deviations 1.7% approximately 13.3%. It was observed that the determined 25 elements distributed in all the water-soluble, lipid-soluble and non-soluble phases, indicating that the inorganic species, organicspecies, as well as the protein bound species were coexisted in the herbs. Big differences of the element extraction rates could be found by using different ethanol solutions.
With the aid of the obtained results, we may increase the extraction of necessary elements while decrease that of the toxic elements from the herbs by choosing a suitable solvent during the drug production.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 09/2004; 29(8):753-9.
