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ABSTRACT: Abstract Objective. This study investigated the shear bond strength of an autopolymerizing repair resin to injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins. Materials and methods. Four injection-molded thermoplastic resins (two polyamides, a polyethylene terephthalate copolymer and a polycarbonate) were used in this study. The specimens were divided into eight groups according to the type of surface treatment given: (1) no treatment, (2) air abrasion with alumina, (3) dichloromethane, (4) ethyl acetate, (5) 4-META/MMA-TBB resin, (6) alumina and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin, (7) tribochemical silica coating or (8) tribochemical silica coating and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. Half of the specimens in groups 1, 5, 6 and 8 were thermocycled for 10,000 cycles in water between 5-55°C with a dwell time of 1 min at each temperature. The shear bond strengths were determined. Results. The shear bond strengths to the two polyamides treated with alumina, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate and no treatment were very low. The greatest post-thermocycling bond strengths to polyamides were recorded for the specimens treated with tribochemical silica coating and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin (PA12: 16.4 MPa, PACM12: 17.5 MPa). The greatest post-thermocycling bond strengths to polyethylene terephthalate copolymer and polycarbonate were recorded for the treatment with alumina and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin (22.7 MPa, 20.8 MPa). Conclusion. Polyamide was exceedingly difficult to bond to an autopolymerizing repair resin; the shear bond strength improved using tribochemical silica coating followed by the application of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. Both polyethylene terephthalate copolymer and polycarbonate were originally easy to bond to an autopolymerizing repair resin. However, with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin, the bond was more secure.
Acta odontologica Scandinavica 01/2013; · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the flexural properties of denture base resins subjected to long-term water immersion. Materials and methods. Four denture base resins (one conventional heat-processed, one microwave energy-processed and two pour-type autopolymerizing) were selected for this study. The specimens of each denture base material tested were fabricated according to the manufacturers' instructions (n = 10). The flexural properties of the denture base resins were measured according to ISO 20795-1. The ultimate flexural strength, the flexural strength at the proportional limit and the elastic modulus of the specimens were evaluated. Results. The ultimate flexural strengths of the heat-processed resin and the two pour-type autopolymerizing resins significantly decreased after 6 months water immersion. The flexural strength at the proportional limit of the heat-processed resin significantly decreased after 6 months water immersion, but the microwave energy-processed denture base resin and two pour-type autopolymerizing resins did not change after 6 months water immersion. The elastic moduli of the heat-processed resin, the microwave energy-processed denture base resin and one pour-type autopolymerizing resin significantly increased after 6 months water immersion. Conclusion. The flexural properties of denture base resins significantly changed after long-term water immersion.
Acta odontologica Scandinavica 08/2012; · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: There are several benefits in using adhesive technique in removable prosthodontics as well as fixed prosthodontics. Previous studies have examined denture-base surface treatments that improve bond strength between a denture base resin and autopolymerizing repair resin. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate are organic solvents that swell the denture base surface, thereby permitting diffusion of the acrylic resin. The optimal treatment duration is 5-10 s for dichloromethane and 120 s for ethyl acetate. It was reported that the bond durability of dichloromethane was superiorto that of ethyl acetate. Bonding between metal components and the denture base resin has an important role in the longevity of removable prostheses. The combination of metal conditioners and alumina air-abrasion is effective in fabricating and repairing removable dentures. Acidic monomers (4-META and MDP) are appropriate for base metal alloys, including Co-Cr alloy and titanium alloy, while thione monomers (MTU-6 and VBATDT) are suitable for noble metal alloys such as gold alloy and silver-palladium-copper-gold (Ag-Pd-Cu-Au) alloy. As an alternative to conventional restorations, resin-bonded restorations can provide precisely parallel guide planes with well-made rest seats. Careful consideration should be paid to stabilizing loosened teeth by fixing them with resin-bonded splints or fixed partial dentures. (J Oral Sci 54, 205-211, 2012).
Journal of Oral Science 01/2012; 54(3):205-11.
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ABSTRACT: Denture base polymers are multiphase polymers made of polymethyl(methacrylate) (PMMA) beads and monomers containing methylmethacrylate and cross-linking agent. The cross-linking agent is typically dimethacrylate but methacrylated dendrimers have been tested. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the molecular weight of the PMMA beads on the mechanical properties of cross-linked denture base polymers.
Resin powder with three different molecular weights (Mw 120,000, 350,000, and 996,000) and a commercial autopolymerizing denture base resin (Palapress, Mw 220,000) were tested. The resin monomer liquid was applied with a methylmethacrylate mixture containing 4.6 vol% dendrimer (DD1, VTT Processes). To investigate the flexural properties, the surface microhardness of the PMMA beads, and the thickness of the swollen interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) layer on the PMMA beads, test specimens (3.3×10×65 mm) were fabricated from autopolymerizing resin using a powder/liquid ratio of 10 g/7 ml. The specimens were polymerized in distilled water maintained at 55 °C under 0.4 MPa pressure for 20 min. The flexural strength and flexural modulus (n=8/group) were measured with a three-point bending test at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. The Vickers hardness of the area of the polymer with PMMA beads (n=10/group) was tested using a load of 98.12 mN for 5 s. In addition, the thickness of the swollen layer on the PMMA beads was measured (n=10/group). Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.
The flexural strength of the specimens with Mw 220,000 and 350,000 PMMA beads was significantly higher than the strength of specimens with beads having other molecular weights. The flexural modulus of specimens with Mw 120,000 PMMA beads was the lowest. There was no difference in the surface microhardness among all groups. The thickness of the swollen IPN layer on specimens with 120,000 Mw PMMA beads was significantly higher than in the other groups.
The molecular weight of the PMMA beads of multiphase denture base polymers considerably influences their flexural properties and formation of IPN layer between the matrix polymer and the PMMA beads.
Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 11/2011; 4(8):1846-51.
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ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effect of thermal shock on the mechanical properties of injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins.
Four thermoplastic resins (two polyamides, one polyethylene terephthalate, one polycarbonate) and, as a control, a conventional heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), were tested. Specimens of each denture base material were fabricated according to ISO 1567 and were either thermocycled or not thermocycled (n = 10). The flexural strength at the proportional limit (FS-PL), the elastic modulus and the Charpy impact strength of the denture base materials were estimated.
Thermocycling significantly decreased the FS-PL of one of the polyamides and the PMMA and it significantly increased the FS-PL of one of the polyamides. In addition, thermocycling significantly decreased the elastic modulus of one of the polyamides and significantly increased the elastic moduli of one of the polyamides, the polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate and PMMA. Thermocycling significantly decreased the impact strength of one of the polyamides and the polycarbonate.
The mechanical properties of injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins changed after themocycling.
Acta odontologica Scandinavica 07/2011; 70(4):297-302. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of metal reinforcement and its location on the flexural load at the proportional limit (FL-PL) and the flexural deflection of maxillary acrylic resin complete dentures.
Maxillary acrylic resin complete dentures reinforced with Remanium and without reinforcement were tested. The reinforcing material was embedded in the denture base resin in the doughy state and placed (1) under the ridge lap region; (2) in the anterior region; (3) in the middle region; and (4) in the anterior and posterior regions. The FL-PL (N) and the flexural deflection (mm) at 100 N of the reinforced maxillary denture specimens were tested using a load testing machine at a 5.0 mm/min crosshead speed. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA; Tukey's post hoc comparisons test was applied when appropriate (95% confidence level).
The FL-PL of the dentures without reinforcement (909 ± 195 N) and the dentures reinforced at the ridge lap (1094 ± 176 N) and in the middle (977 ± 215 N) regions were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The dentures reinforced in the anterior (1348 ± 205 N) and the anterior and posterior (1190 ± 191 N) regions had a higher FL-PL than the dentures without reinforcement (p < 0.05) and were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05). The efficiency (times) of the reinforcing material on the dentures without reinforcement was 1.08 to 1.48. The flexural deflection of the dentures without reinforcement (0.133 ± 0.014 mm), the dentures reinforced at the ridge lap (0.125 ± 0.014 mm), in the anterior (0.122 ± 0.009 mm), and in the middle (0.132 ± 0.015 mm) regions were not significantly different (p > 0.05), and the dentures reinforced in the anterior and posterior (0.117 ± 0.011 mm) regions had significantly lower deflection than the dentures without reinforcement (p < 0.05).
The location of the metal reinforcement affected the fracture resistance of the maxillary acrylic resin complete dentures.
Journal of Prosthodontics 05/2011; 20(5):366-71. · 1.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of denture base resin cross-linked with methacrylated dendrimer.
The test specimens (3 mm × 10 mm × 65 mm) were fabricated from autopolymerizing resin with the powder/liquid ratio of 10 g/7 ml. The monomer liquid of resin was applied with the mixture of methylmethacrylate and crosslinker dendrimer (DD1) or crosslinker ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with five different volume percentages (vol%). The dendrimer crosslinker in this study is a methacrylated molecule (MW=3617 g/mol) with 12 methacrylate groups. Quantity of crosslinkers varied from 1.1 to 9.1 vol%. The specimens (n=8/group) were polymerized in distilled water maintained at 55 °C under pressure of 0.4 MPa for 20 min. Test specimens were stored dry at room temperature before testing. The flexural strength (MPa) and flexural modulus (GPa) was measured with three-point bending test at a crosshead speed of 5mm/min. Surface microhardness (MHN) of matrix area of polymer (n=8/group) was measured with a load of 245.3 mN by 10s. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA.
ANOVA showed that the addition of DD1 had a significantly higher effect (p<0.05) on flexural modulus and hardness of matrix area than EGDMA but on flexural strength (p>0.05). The effect of quantity differences of crosslinker was statistically significant only on flexural strength (p<0.05).
The results of this study suggest that dendrimer-crosslinked resin gives better stiffness than that of EGDMA.
Dental materials: official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials 04/2011; 27(8):755-61. · 2.88 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the mechanical properties of injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins.
Four injection-molded thermoplastic resins (two polyamides, one polyethylene terephthalate, one polycarbonate) and, as a control, a conventional heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), were used in this study. The flexural strength at the proportional limit (FS-PL), the elastic modulus, and the Charpy impact strength of the denture base resins were measured according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 1567 and ISO 1567:1999/Amd 1:2003.
The descending order of the FS-PL was: conventional PMMA > polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate > two polyamides. The descending order of the elastic moduli was: conventional PMMA > polycarbonate > polyethylene terephthalate > two polyamides. The descending order of the Charpy impact strength was: polyamide (Nylon PACM12) > polycarbonate > polyamide (Nylon 12), polyethylene terephthalate > conventional PMMA.
All of the injection-molded thermoplastic resins had significantly lower FS-PL, lower elastic moduli, and higher or similar impact strength compared to the conventional PMMA. The polyamide denture base resins had low FS-PL and low elastic moduli; one of them possessed very high impact strength, and the other had low impact strength. The polyethylene terephthalate denture base resin showed a moderately high FS-PL, moderate elastic modulus, and low impact strength. The polycarbonate denture base resin had a moderately high FS-PL, moderately high elastic modulus, and moderate impact strength.
Acta odontologica Scandinavica 03/2011; 69(2):75-9. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the bond durability of heat-polymerized denture base resin to cast CP Ti and Co-Cr alloy. The alloy specimens were divided into five groups: 1) airborne-particle abraded with 50 µm alumina (SAND), 2) Rocatec tribochemical silica coating system (RO), 3) air-abraded followed by application of Epricord Opaque Primer (EP), 4) air-abraded followed by application of Super Bond C&B liquid (SB), 5) air-abraded followed by application of Alloy Primer (AL). Heat-polymerized denture resin was applied to the bonding area and polymerized according to the manufacturer's instructions. The halves of all specimens were thermocycled up to 10,000 cycles. Before thermocycling SB and AL showed significantly higher shear bond strengths than SAND, RO, EP for both metals. The shear bond strength of AL group after thermocycling was significantly higher than that of the other groups.
Dental Materials Journal 03/2011; 30(2):143-50. · 1.14 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Objective. To evaluate the effect of the location of glass fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) reinforcement on the flexural load at the proportional limit (FL-PL) and the flexural deflection of a maxillary acrylic resin complete denture. Material and methods. Maxillary acrylic resin complete dentures strengthened with and without FRC reinforcement were tested. The polymerized FRC was embedded in the denture base resin in the doughy state and placed (1) under the ridge lap region, (2) in the anterior region, (3) in the middle region or (4) in the anterior and posterior regions. The FL-PL and flexural deflection value at the 100-N loading point of the reinforced maxillary denture specimens were tested. Results. All of the reinforced dentures had a higher FL-PL than the denture without reinforcement but the FL-PL values of all the dentures were not significantly different from each other. The efficiency of the FRC reinforcement compared to the unreinforced denture was 1.54-1.75 times greater. All of the reinforced dentures showed significantly lower deflection compared to the unreinforced denture, but the flexural deflections of all the dentures were not significantly different from each other. Conclusions. The location of the FRC reinforcement did not affect the fracture resistance of the maxillary acrylic resin complete denture. All of the reinforced dentures had higher FL-PL and lower flexural deflection than the denture without reinforcement.
Acta odontologica Scandinavica 01/2011; 69(4):215-21. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A resin-bonded overcasting restoration, which was made of silver-palladium-copper-gold alloy, was applied for one retention loss of the retainers of a maxillary anterior fixed partial denture using a metal conditioner and an adhesive resin luting agent. A resin-bonded overcasting restoration has been functioning satisfactorily for more than 10 years.
The New York state dental journal 03/2010; 76(2):32-4.
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ABSTRACT: Implant treatment today is highly predictable and provides valid restorative options for the completely or partially edentulous patient. In Japan, many dental care facilities have incorporated implant treatment, and such treatment is no longer rare. For predoctoral students, the educational environment related to implants is not always applicable in present clinical settings. In this article, we describe the implant training program developed at our university for predoctoral education, and we report the changes in student opinions regarding implant treatment by comparing pre- and post-training opinions. The newly developed models for implant training were effective in increasing student understanding that implant treatment is one prosthetic option for restoring missing teeth. In a survey of predoctoral students, responses indicating negative opinions toward implant treatment decreased after training, and responses indicating positive opinions increased. These findings indicated that this training was effective in deepening student understanding of implant treatment.
Journal of dental education 11/2009; 73(11):1279-85. · 0.91 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the surface preparation on the maximum fracture load value of a highly filled gingival shade composite resin bonded to a denture base resin.
Block specimens were prepared from a heat-processed denture base resin and divided into five groups. The flat surfaces of the specimens were abraded with 400-grit silicon carbide paper, then prepared in one of the following ways: (1) without preparation (group 1); (2) application of silane coupling agent (group 2); (3) application of dichloromethane (group 3); (4) application of dichloromethane following the silane coupling agent (group 4); or (5) tribochemical silica coating (group 5). A highly filled gingival shade composite resin was applied (area diameter= 5 mm) and polymerized with a light polymerizing unit. Specimens made entirely of heat-processed denture base resin were also fabricated as references (group 6). The halves of the specimens of groups 4, 5, and 6 were thermocycled up to 10,000 times in water between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C with a 1-minute dwell time at each temperature. Shear testing was performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min, and the maximum fracture load values were determined (n = 10).
The maximum fracture load values of the highly filled gingival shade composite resin bonded to the denture base resin for all preparation groups were significantly enhanced before thermocycling (p < 0.05). Group 5 exhibited the greatest fracture load value, followed by group 4, compared to the other groups (p < 0.05), however, the fracture load values significantly decreased for these groups after thermocycling (p < 0.05), whereas the fracture load value of group 6 did not decrease (p > 0.05).
Tribochemical silica coating and the application of dichloromethane after the silane coupling agent were effective surface preparations for the bonding of a highly filled gingival shade composite resin to a denture base resin, however, the bond durability of these treatments may be insufficient.
Journal of Prosthodontics 09/2009; 18(8):684-7. · 1.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This case report describes a technique to stabilize loosened abutment teeth by seating resin-bonded cast splints with rest seats and surveyed guide planes to anchor a removable partial denture. This technique can achieve sufficient stability of the abutment teeth and proper support and bracing of the removable partial denture with minimal intervention.
The European journal of prosthodontics and restorative dentistry 04/2009; 17(1):22-5.
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ABSTRACT: A resin-bonded overcasting made of a silver-palladium-copper-gold alloy with highly filled composite resin was fabricated to salvage a broken metal-ceramic fixed partial denture using a metal conditioner, a silane coupling agent, and an adhesive resin luting cement. This resin-bonded overcasting has been functioning satisfactorily for more than nine years without any problems. The longevity of the fixed partial denture was enhanced through the use of this treatment.
Journal of the California Dental Association 03/2009; 37(2):115-7.
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ABSTRACT: This report describes a prosthetic approach that uses fixed partial dentures to establish stable posterior occlusion. Four fixed partial dentures were made of a silver-palladium-copper-gold alloy; the pontics were veneered with a light-curing indirect composite material. They were prepared using a thiouracil metal conditioner and seated with an adhesive luting cement. The clinical follow-up indicated that the prosthetic procedure reported here is applicable for severe anterior and posterior open bite malocclusion.
The New York state dental journal 02/2009; 75(1):59-61.
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ABSTRACT: A technique is described for fabricating an interim obturator for a partial maxillectomy patient. This technique enables the immediate and easy chairside fabrication of a lightweight hollow-type interim obturator when a preoperative cast is not available. After a master cast is formed, two duplicate casts are made from the master cast. One portion of the obturator is fabricated on a duplicate cast with a corrected defect, and the other portion of the prosthetic base is made on the second duplicate cast with a corrected alveolar ridge. These two portions are connected and adjusted in the patient's oral cavity. This technique is beneficial because it helps patients maintain good esthetics and their ability to speak, swallow, and chew just after surgery.
Journal of Prosthodontics 01/2009; 18(3):276-8. · 1.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Mandibular premolar-shaped wax patterns of full crowns with a marginal angle of 300 were prepared. Two semiprecious alloys were cast using a rapidly prepared gypsum-bonded investment material or a conventional gypsum-bonded investment. A precise impression was taken and cut into four segments. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the mould filling of each segment. The mould filling of the silver-palladium-copper-gold alloy was worse than that of the silver-zinc-tin-indium alloy. The mould filling of both alloys cast with the rapidly prepared gypsum-bonded investment material was superior to that using the conventional investment.
The European journal of prosthodontics and restorative dentistry 01/2009; 16(4):177-80.
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of surface preparation on the maximum fracture load value of a highly filled composite bonded to the polymer-monomer matrix of a fiber-reinforced composite.
A polymer-monomer matrix was made by mixing urethane dimethacrylate and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate at a ratio of 1:1 with camphorquinone and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a light initiator. The matrix was then polymerized in a disk-shaped silicone mold with a light-polymerizing unit. The flat surfaces of the polymer-monomer matrix disk were prepared in one of the following ways: (1) without preparation; (2) application of silane coupling agent; or (3) application of matrix liquid and prepolymerization. A highly filled composite material was applied and polymerized with a light-polymerizing unit. Additional test specimens made entirely of the polymer-monomer matrix were fabricated as references; the disk and cylinder were fabricated in one piece using a mold specially made for the present study (group 4). Half the specimens were thermocycled up to 10,000 times in water with a 1-minute dwell time at each temperature (5 degrees C and 55 degrees C). The maximum fracture load values were determined using a universal testing machine (n = 10).
The maximum fracture loads for group 3 were significantly enhanced both before and after thermocycling, whereas the maximum fracture loads of group 2 were significantly enhanced before thermocycling (p < 0.05); however, the failure loads decreased for all groups after thermocycling (p < 0.05). All the specimens in groups 1 and 2 debonded during thermocycling. The failure load of group 3 was significantly lower than that of group 4 both before and after thermocycling (p < 0.05).
Within the limitations of the current in vitro study, the application and prepolymerization of a mixed dimethacrylate resin liquid prior to the application of a highly filled composite was an effective surface preparation for the polymer-monomer matrix of a fiber-reinforced composite; however, the bond durability may be insufficient.
Journal of Prosthodontics 12/2008; 18(3):255-8. · 1.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the shear bond strengths of an autopolymerizing denture base resin to cast Type IV gold alloy using four metal conditioners.
Type IV gold alloy discs were cast. The disc surfaces were sandblasted with 50 microm alumina particles and primed with four metal conditioners (Metaltite; Alloy Primer; Metal Primer II; and V-Primer). An autopolymerizing denture base resin was applied on an area of the discs defined by a hole punched in a piece of sticky tape and by a Teflon ring. All the specimens were immersed in 37 degrees C distilled water for 24 hours. Half of the specimens were thermocycled up to 20,000 cycles in water between 4 degrees C and 60 degrees C with a dwell time of 1 minute at each temperature. The shear bond strengths were determined at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/minute. The data was analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA (P < 0.05).
The shear bond strengths of the autopolymerizing denture base resin to cast Type IV gold alloy specimens primed with the four metal conditioners (P < 0.05) were significantly enhanced. However, the bond strength was reduced for all thermocycled groups (P < 0.01). Metaltite exhibited the greatest pre- and post-thermocycling bond strength (27.5 and 22.4 MPa) compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).
American journal of dentistry 11/2008; 21(5):323-6. · 0.76 Impact Factor
