Zygmunt Chodorowski

Publications of Zygmunt Chodorowski

• [Significant periodical fluctuation of insulin requirement in patients with type 2 diabetes]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Krystian Kaletha, Marek Wiśniewski, Jacek Sein Anand

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):337-8.

  We have described three physicians aged 65-70 years, who had noticed during their insulintherapy significant, periodically recurrent variations of insulin requirement (max. 50 i.u./24h vs 25We have described three physicians aged 65-70 years, who had noticed during their insulintherapy significant, periodically recurrent variations of insulin requirement (max. 50 i.u./24h vs 25 i.u./24h) in the periods of 4-16 weeks. They had been characterized by similar diet and physical activity, stable normal body mass (av. BMI 24.6) and normal glycosylated hemoglobin (av. HbA1c 5.9%). The hypothesis was put forward that the cause of this phenomenon may be periodical changes in the incretin system activity or increased proliferation of pancreatic beta cells leading to decrease of insulin requirement.

• [Hypercholesterolaemia among patients of the cardiology ward of a Regional Hospital in Wejherowo]

  Authors: Elzbieta Grunholz, Iwona Rybakowska, Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Wojciech Waldman, Krystian Kaletha

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):354-5.

  The strong positive relationship between cholesterolaemia and ischaemic heart disease is unquestioned and comes from several lines of evidence. In this paper results of questionnaire studiesThe strong positive relationship between cholesterolaemia and ischaemic heart disease is unquestioned and comes from several lines of evidence. In this paper results of questionnaire studies concerning cholesterolemia performed among patients of the Cardiology Ward of a Regional Hospital in Wejherowo are presented.

• [Some aspects of suicide in the years 1980-1996]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Robert Ciechanowicz, Jacek Sein Anand

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):277-8.

  The reduction of suicide death index in 1981 year and 1989 year, that is in the period of temporary and definitive "Solidarity" victory confirms Emile Durkheim theory that revolution processesThe reduction of suicide death index in 1981 year and 1989 year, that is in the period of temporary and definitive "Solidarity" victory confirms Emile Durkheim theory that revolution processes increase social integration and prevent suicide decisions. In the years 1991-1994 the number of suicide deaths in Poland was distinctly lower than in other countries of the Soviet Block and republics of the Soviet Union.

• [Mild clinical course of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Robert Ciechanowicz, Rafał Pawlaczyk, Kazimierz Jaśkiewicz

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):348-9.

  Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm from myocardial infarction is rare but is associated with a high risk of rapid enlargement and rupture. This report describes a 57 year old woman with left ventricularLeft ventricular pseudoaneurysm from myocardial infarction is rare but is associated with a high risk of rapid enlargement and rupture. This report describes a 57 year old woman with left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and delayed surgical repair. Seven weeks after myocardial infarction control transthoracic echocardiography revealed a inferolateral left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. Early surgical intervention was recommended but the patient refused hospitalization and surgical repair and continued every day home activity. The symptoms and signs were so mild that she was qualified to 1st class of NYHA classification and 1st class of CCS classification. Six weeks later-ventriculography confirmed the primary diagnosis. During heart surgery the pseudoaneurysm was incised, its fibrous wall with thrombus was resected and the ruptured left ventricular myocardium was satured. She had an uneventful postoperative course. Definitive diagnosis of the pseudoaneurysm was confirmed by histopathological evaluation of the excised left ventricular wall.

• [Weak anti-inflammatory effects of acetaminophen are related with its free radicals scavenger activity]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Anna Roszkowska, Jerzy Klimek, Krystian Kaletha, Jacek Sein Anand

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):352-3.

  The main target of acetaminophen application is bifunctional enzyme--prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 synthase (PGHS)--which has cyclo-oxygenase and peroxidase activities and synthesizes initialThe main target of acetaminophen application is bifunctional enzyme--prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 synthase (PGHS)--which has cyclo-oxygenase and peroxidase activities and synthesizes initial intermediates in prostanoid synthesis. The reaction catalyzed by PGHS is radical-based and it is initiated and then maintained by the constant presence of peroxides especially peroxynitrate, which generate so-called "peroxide tone" in the enzyme surrounding. Currently it is known that inhibitory effect of acetaminophen on PGHS activity is directly connected with the elimination of "peroxide tone". High concentrations of reactive compounds (e.g. peroxynitrate and lipid peroxides)--produced by cellular defending mechanism at inflammatory sites--significantly decrease inhibitory impact of acetaminophen on PGHS activity. Such observation allows explanation of weak antiinflammatory effect of acetaminophen together with its strong analgesic and antipyretic properties.

• [Energy metabolism in the failing heart]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Iwona Rybakowska, Jacek Sein Anand, Krystian Kaletha

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):356-8.

  Daily heart consumption of energy (about 6 kg of ATP) exceeds significantly energy consumption of other organs. Deprivation of energy is considered as one of the main factors in development of heartDaily heart consumption of energy (about 6 kg of ATP) exceeds significantly energy consumption of other organs. Deprivation of energy is considered as one of the main factors in development of heart failure. Currently available research methods permit not only to evaluate more precisely the role of impaired energy metabolism in the heart failure, but also give a hope for the future metabolic therapy.

• [Diabetes and road traffic collisions]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Adam Hajduk, Marek Wiśniewski

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 01/2009; 66(6):350-1.

  Insulin-treated diabetes influences motor vehicle driving mainly through the possibility to induce hypoglycemia in patients. However, there has never been any consistent evidence to suggest thatInsulin-treated diabetes influences motor vehicle driving mainly through the possibility to induce hypoglycemia in patients. However, there has never been any consistent evidence to suggest that patients with insulin-treated diabetes cause significantly more accidents than the general population. Diabetes and its complications have very various individual courses in patients, because of that candidates for driver's license should always be qualified individually. Drivers with diabetes complications, especially the elderly, quite often themselves limit driving. The programme facilitating the diagnosis of early hypoglycemic symptoms--Blood Glucose Awareness Training--decreases road traffic collision number.

• Seizures induced by topiramate overdose.

  Authors: Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Marek Wisniewski

  Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). 02/2007; 45(2):197.

• [Oral intoxication with xylene--a case report]

  Authors: Marek Wiśiewski, Jacek Sein Anand, Marek Wiergowski, Zygmunt Chodorowski

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):324-5.

  A case of a suicidal oral exposure to xylene has been described. A 33 year-old female ingested 300-500 ml of xylene 2.5 hours before admission to the hospital. Hypotonia, metabolic acidosis, diarrheaA case of a suicidal oral exposure to xylene has been described. A 33 year-old female ingested 300-500 ml of xylene 2.5 hours before admission to the hospital. Hypotonia, metabolic acidosis, diarrhea and moderate, transient dysphagia were observed. Concentrations of xylene, toluene and ethylbenzene in blood at admission were 11.7; 2.9 and 0.18 mg/l respectively and 1.1; 0.33 and 0 mg/l after 24 hours after therapy. Conclusions: The course of acute xylene intoxication in the described case was relatively uneventful despite high blood concentration of xylene. Further study is necessary to establish the potentially lethal blood concentration of xylene.

• [Acute intoxication with clonidine--a case report]

  Authors: Adam Hajduk, Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):312-3.

  The case of a 24-year-old female who ingested 45 tablets of clonidine (Iporel á 0.075 mg) in the total dose of 3,375 mg in suicidal attempt was described. At the admission to the hospital the patientThe case of a 24-year-old female who ingested 45 tablets of clonidine (Iporel á 0.075 mg) in the total dose of 3,375 mg in suicidal attempt was described. At the admission to the hospital the patient had complained of drowsiness and weakness. She was conscious but somnolent. Minimal blood pressure was 90/50 mmHg. The patient was treated with gastric lavage and crystalloids infusion. During two days of observation the symptoms were rapidly retreated.

• [Logistic preparedness of chosen urban agglomeration hospitals to act during massive chemical disasters]

  Authors: Piotr Burda, Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Barbara Groszek

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):215-8.

  Twelve hospitals--five form Warsaw, three from Kraków, and four from Gdańsk and Gdynia were randomized for the study. The logistic preparedness of hospitals during massive chemical accidents has beenTwelve hospitals--five form Warsaw, three from Kraków, and four from Gdańsk and Gdynia were randomized for the study. The logistic preparedness of hospitals during massive chemical accidents has been investigated. There were 146 probands (9 managers, 31 ward heads, 75 assistants and 31 ward nurses) included in the study. In statistical analysis the generalized linear model extended by random factors, particularly the Poisson's regression has been used. No hospital in the three big cities in the country was prepared for any logistic action in case of massive chemical disaster. There were no stationary and mobile decontamination units in the investigated hospitals. There was no individual protective equipment in any of the analyzed hospitals. There were serious deficits in assortment and amount of antidotes which can be used in the treatment of contaminated patients. As much as 97.2% of respondents pointed the poison information centers as a main source of information in case of chemical accidents.

• [The assessment of age-standardised cancer incidence rates in the chosen organ systems]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Marek Wiśniewski, Mariusz Madaliński

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):376-7.

  Age-standardised cancer incidence rates in reproductive system, digestive system and respiratory system were analyzed taking into account the statistics for 38 States of USA (1996-2001), EuropeanAge-standardised cancer incidence rates in reproductive system, digestive system and respiratory system were analyzed taking into account the statistics for 38 States of USA (1996-2001), European Union (2006) and Europe (2006). Age-standardized incidence rate in the reproductive system was higher in comparison with the corresponding rates for digestive and respiratory systems. The authors put under discussion a hypothesis of this phenomenon.

• [Patients with alcohol problem in the Emergency Department of Medical University of Gdańsk]

  Authors: Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Hanna Kujawska-Danecka, Robert Ciechanowicz

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):236-7.

  Alcohol misuse are severe financial burden for health care system in Poland. AUDIT and CAGE are two questionnaires used for diagnosis of alcohol abuse. We analyzed the incidence of alcohol problemAlcohol misuse are severe financial burden for health care system in Poland. AUDIT and CAGE are two questionnaires used for diagnosis of alcohol abuse. We analyzed the incidence of alcohol problem among emergency unit's patients and correlation of this phenomenon with the reason of admittance to the hospital. 30% patients of Clinical Hospital Emergency Unit of Gdańsk misuse alcohol. Injuries and acute intoxications were considerably more frequent reason of attendances to emergency unit in population of patients with drinking problem. AUDIT questionnaire is more effective and sensitive diagnostic instrument comparing to CAGE and may be useful for identification for both, addicted and misusing alcohol patients.

• [The assessment of albumin liver dialysis--MARS efficacy in the treatment of Amanita phalloides poisoning]

  Authors: Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Marek Wiśniewski, Wojciech Waldman

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):255-7.

  Fourteen patients were included to the albumin dialysis--MARS in the Clinic of Internal Medicine Geriatry and Clinical Toxicology in the years 2004-2006 because of acute intoxication with AmanitaFourteen patients were included to the albumin dialysis--MARS in the Clinic of Internal Medicine Geriatry and Clinical Toxicology in the years 2004-2006 because of acute intoxication with Amanita phalloides. The 26 procedures were done. Ten patients recovered, one was transplanted and three patients at the age from 68 to 79 (average 72.6) years died because of acute liver failure (21.4% cases). All deceased patients had significant higher plasma bilirubin level and INR in compare to other probants. The procedures of albumin dialysis caused significant lowering of blood glucose level, red blood cells and platelets, but without the need for intervention.

• [No influence of imatinib on type 2 diabetes]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Andrzej Hellmann, Witold Prejzner

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):370-1.

  Five patients with type 2 diabetes, three of them treated with insulin and two with oral antidiabetic drugs, receiving imatinib due to chronic myeolid leukaemia are reported. Treatment with imatinibFive patients with type 2 diabetes, three of them treated with insulin and two with oral antidiabetic drugs, receiving imatinib due to chronic myeolid leukaemia are reported. Treatment with imatinib 400 mg/day for 7 to 37 (mean 24.2) months had no positive effect on clinical course of type 2 diabetes.

• [Recurrence of pheochromocytoma in the second adrenal gland 19 years after adrenalectomy]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Marek Wiśniewski, Adam Hajduk

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):378-9.

  A case of the patient who underwent by bilateral adrenalectomy at the age of 37 and 56 years due to recurrent pheochromocytoma has been described. The authors stress that follow-up of patients afterA case of the patient who underwent by bilateral adrenalectomy at the age of 37 and 56 years due to recurrent pheochromocytoma has been described. The authors stress that follow-up of patients after adrenalectomy is mandatory on lifetime basis.

• [Heme oxygenase as a potential therapeutic target for hepatoprotection]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Iwona Rybakowska, Krystian Kaletha

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):360-2.

  Heme oxygenase (HO) is the rate limiting enzyme in the breakdown of heme into carbon monoxide (CO), iron and biliverdin. To date three mammalian HO isozymes have been identified, and only one of themHeme oxygenase (HO) is the rate limiting enzyme in the breakdown of heme into carbon monoxide (CO), iron and biliverdin. To date three mammalian HO isozymes have been identified, and only one of them (HO-1) is inducible. The products of HO-catalyzed reaction, particularly CO and biliverdin/bilirubin have been shown to exert protective effects in the liver against different noxious stimuli. The results of experimental data show that induction of HO-1 expression contributes to protection against liver damage induced by several chemical compounds such as acetaminophen.

• [The role of intestine in detoxification]

  Authors: Zygmunt Chodorowski, Jacek Sein Anand, Iwona Rybakowska, Jerzy Klimek, Krystian Kaletha

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):363-4.

  In the result of liver detoxification, xenobiotics change into more water soluble and thus easier for excretion from the body. It is convenient to consider this process as occurring in two phases. InIn the result of liver detoxification, xenobiotics change into more water soluble and thus easier for excretion from the body. It is convenient to consider this process as occurring in two phases. In phase I, the major reactions involved are hydroxylation, catalyzed by monoxygenases. In phase II, the preliminary modified xenobiotics after conjugation with some specific metabolites are transformed into less toxic and more soluble end-products. Recently, antiporter activity of MDR1 (MultiDrug Resistence) gene products in enterocytes was recognized as important stage in detoxification of xenobiotics, and definied as phase III of this process.

• A cocaine-associated quadriplegia and motor aphasia after first use of cocaine.

  Authors: Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Marek Wiśniewski, Agnieszka Gólska

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):316-7.

  A 31-year-old female who have snorted one "line" of cocaine hydrochloride (approximately 35 mg), for the first time in her life, was admitted to the hospital because of acute onset of rightA 31-year-old female who have snorted one "line" of cocaine hydrochloride (approximately 35 mg), for the first time in her life, was admitted to the hospital because of acute onset of right hemiplegia and left hemiparesis evolving into quadriplegia. Motor aphasia, right eye-ball divergent strabismus and right mouth recess lowering were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: A first time mucosal administration of cocaine hydrochloride even in low dose can cause severe neurological complications like quadriplegia and aphasia. Cocaine-associated stroke can be a diagnostic problem in the emergency room. Unconscious patients or those with acute onset of neurological disorders can form a real diagnostic challenge, especially when there is no evidence of previous drug taking.

• [An assessment of cigarette smoking, with the usage of cotinine level, on life satisfaction in patients with coronary heart disease]

  Authors: Livia Nowak-Banasik, Jacek Sein Anand, Zygmunt Chodorowski, Marek Wiergowski, Wojciech Sobiczewski

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(4-5):260-2.

  The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of smoking, verified by the measurement of cotinine levels, on life satisfaction of patients with coronary artery disease. The questionnaire wasThe aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of smoking, verified by the measurement of cotinine levels, on life satisfaction of patients with coronary artery disease. The questionnaire was answered by 36 patients (26 men and 10 women) aged from 48 to 7.6 (mean 63.5) years. The questions regarded the current attitude toward smoking, subjective self-assessment of health and life satisfaction while smoking and after cessation. Cantril's ladder has been used among others to assess life satisfaction. In order to verify the answers regarding current smoking cotinine (nicotine metabolite) serum, urine and saliva levels have been measured. There were 38.8% of current smokers in the studied group of patients after PTCA. The fact of current smoking was negated by 19.4% of smokers during medical exam. Objective verification of smoking is necessary in questionnaire studies on tobacco consumption. Measurement of cotinine in body fluids (serum, urine, saliva) may be useful in these cases. After cessation of smoking 93.9% respondents reported major subjective improvement in self-assessment of health. 54.5% of smokers admitted having been ashamed of the habit, and 60.6% the feeling of disturbing others while smoking. The increase of general life satisfaction measured by Cantril's ladder was observed in 94.7% of responders after cessation of smoking.