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ABSTRACT: We present a case of a 53-year-old HIV negative man with a 2-month history of progressive recent memory disturbance, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. On MRI, an infiltrative tumor in the brain and spinal cord was noted. Subsequent positron emission tomography studies along with bone marrow biopsy and serum protein electrophoresis showed no evidence of systemic disease. Open brain biopsy results revealed a small lymphocytic infiltrate with scattered plasma cells in a predominantly perivascular growth pattern. The morphology was consistent with involvement by a low-grade B-cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical findings showed CD20+, CD10-, CD5-, TdT-, EBV-encoded RNA in situ- and IgM-. The above findings were consistent with involvement by a non-dural extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) primary to the brain and spinal cord. This is a case report of a CNS MZBCL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type involving the brain and spinal cord parenchyma.
Neuropathology 09/2012; · 2.02 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Emmprin is a transmembrane glycoprotein known as a matrix metalloproteinase inducer and is highly up-regulated in malignant cancer cells. The monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are responsible for H(+)-linked transport of monocarboxylates across the cell membrane. It was recently demonstrated that proper plasma membrane localization and activity of MCTs require the presence of emmprin as a chaperone and that MCT-1 also acts as chaperone for emmprin. The objectives of this study were to clarify emmprin and MCT-1 expression patterns in ovarian epithelial tumors and to elucidate the clinicopathological significance of co-localization of the two molecules. Immunohistochemical analysis of 205 epithelial tumors indicated that emmprin is always localized in cell membranes but its distribution differs according to tumor type: in lateral membranes in 89 % of adenomas, in lateral and basal membranes in 76 % of borderline tumors, and in membranes surrounding the entire cell in 98 % of carcinomas. Most carcinomas in situ also showed a lateral and basal expression pattern. In only 21 % of the carcinomas, the cells expressing membranous MCT-1 showed co-localized emmprin expression. Poor co-localization of the two molecules was more frequently found in serous carcinomas. However, the overall survival was not significantly different for the good and poor co-localization carcinoma groups. These findings indicate that the emmprin expression pattern might discriminate between invasive carcinomas and borderline tumors including carcinoma in situ. Moreover, there may be an as yet unidentified regulatory mechanism(s), for localization of MCT-1 and emmprin in cell membranes in vivo.
Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin 08/2012; 461(4):457-66. · 2.49 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We present a case of choroid plexus papilloma with unusual histopathological findings. A 41-year-old Japanese man presented with dizziness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging scan showed a distinct mass in the fourth ventricle. Histopathological examination showed proliferation of cuboidal cells forming irregular trabeculae, small nests, and pseudoglandular and indistinct papillary structures, accompanied by a variable degree of stromal sclerosis. The tissue sections also showed rare mitotic activity, no hypercellularity, cellular pleomorphism, or necrosis. The immunohistochemical findings were tumor cells positive for cytokeratin 7, vimentin, S-100 protein, and transthyretin but negative for cytokeratin 20, BerEP4 and carcinoembryonic antigen. These findings were consistent with choroid plexus papilloma. The combination of these immunohistochemical markers was helpful in establishing the diagnosis, although the morphological finding of stromal sclerosis is rare for choroid plexus papilloma.
Brain Tumor Pathology 01/2012; 29(1):37-42. · 1.19 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: IQGAP1 is a multifunctional protein involved in actin cytoskeleton assembly and E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. We reported previously IQGAP1 overexpression in human colorectal carcinomas especially at the invasion front (IF) and that such overexpression tended to correlate with lymph node metastasis in advanced cases. Thus, in this study, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of IQGAP1 expression in 85 cases of pT2-3 colorectal carcinomas with special reference to its expression pattern and prognosis, followed by analysis of the role of IQGAP1 in cancer invasion in vitro. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR showed significant upregulation of IQGAP1 in colorectal carcinomas compared with normal mucosa. Immunohistochemically, IQGAP1 expression pattern was classified into diffuse (20%), IF-associated (35.3%) and focal (44.7%). The diffuse pattern was associated with higher rates of distant metastasis. Patients with IQGAP1 overexpression and diffuse pattern had significantly shorter survival (p < 0.0001) than others, and the diffuse pattern was an independent predictor of poor survival by multivariate analysis. In vitro invasion assays using three human colon carcinoma cell lines showed that IQGAP1 siRNA significantly suppressed hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-stimulated cell invasion. HGF reduced membranous localization of alpha-catenin, but did not alter localization of E-cadherin, beta-catenin and IQGAP1 in membranes. Suppression of IQGAP1 expression by siRNA did not alter membranous localization of alpha-catenin even in the presence of HGF. Our results indicate that IQGAP1 plays a critical role in colon cancer cell invasion, and therefore diffuse and high expression of IQGAP1 predicts poor prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma.
International Journal of Cancer 10/2009; 126(11):2563-74. · 5.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This article reviews problems in diagnostic pathology and molecular cytogenetics of soft-tissue tumors. Also discussed are the origin of soft-tissue sarcomas and the molecular basis of effective target therapy for sarcomas. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of tumor-specific chromosomal translocations and associated fusion gene transcripts offers a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors, but recent studies have indicated a growing number of fusion gene variations in each tumor type. In pleomorphic sarcoma/malignant fibrous histiocytoma, the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism may result in formation of anaphase bridges and marked nuclear pleomorphism. The histogenesis of soft-tissue sarcomas has been a matter of controversy. In the present experimental model using s.c. injection of 3-methylcholanthrene in C57BL/6 mice pretreated with bone marrow-transplantation from green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive green mice, the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells as well as the tissue-resident mesenchymal cells in the peripheral soft tissues are possible originators of sarcomagenesis. Little is known about a molecular basis of target therapy for sarcomas. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) enhances the invasive activity of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells through platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) phosphorylation, whereas imatinib mesylate inhibited such activity, suggesting that targeting PDGFR-beta may result in the establishment of novel treatment for MPNST. In addition, emmprin is a transmembrane glycoprotein on tumor cells that stimulates peritumoral fibroblasts to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), playing a crucial role in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. The MMP upregulation mechanism mediated by tumor-associated emmprin may be a potentially useful target in anti-tumor invasion therapy for sarcomas.
Pathology International 09/2009; 59(8):501-21. · 1.62 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hepatectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with resectable colorectal carcinoma metastases. However, recurrences occur in about half to two-thirds of the patients after surgery. To reduce the recurrence rate, it is important to isolate those factors that influence intrahepatic recurrence. In this study, we assessed histopathological factors associated with intrahepatic recurrences in 53 cases of liver metastases with special reference to microsatellite metastases. In 18 of the 53 cases, the entire resected liver tissue block was sectioned, processed into H&E slides, and examined microscopically. For the 53 cases, 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 87.9, 65.7 and 46.1%, respectively, with a median survival of 74 months. Univariate analysis showed a significant association of intrahepatic recurrence (p=0.039), intra- or extrahepatic recurrence (p=0.003), and surgical margin status of <1 mm (p=0.013) with poor overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed that intra- or extrahepatic recurrence was an independent indicator of poor overall survival (p=0.034). In the fully examined 18 cases, intrahepatic recurrences were significantly associated with microsatellite metastases around the main metastatic tumors. Microsatellite metastases were detected in 10 cases (55.5%) and showed a trend toward a worse overall survival. Moreover, all microsatellite lesions were found within 4 mm from the advancing margin of the main metastases, and most of them (7/10) were located within 2 mm of the tumor border. Collectively, a surgical margin of 1 mm at least is needed, however, a minimum surgical margin of 2 mm seems preferable based on the distribution of intrahepatic recurrence-associated microsatellite lesions.
Oncology Reports 03/2009; 21(3):601-7. · 1.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic to Guilin, China, but not Fukuoka, Japan. To examine whether the NPC in these two cities are distinct in their association with EBV, we analyzed the histology and EBV genotypes in 163 NPC from Guilin, 52 NPC from Fukuoka and non-cancerous control nasopharyngeal tissues (n=22 each) by in situ hybridization and PCR. The proportion of EBV-positive NPC from Guilin (95%) was higher than that of Fukuoka (55%, p<0.001), and higher in NPC versus control tissues in Guilin (95 vs. 46%) and Fukuoka (55 vs. 32%). Histopathologically, non-keratinizing carcinoma and the undifferentiated subtype (NKC-U) were predominant in Guilin (84%), while the proportion of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (KSCC, 38%) was similar to NKC-U (42%) in Fukuoka. EBV-positivity was higher in NKC-U than KSCC in the two cities. EBV genotype A was highly prevalent in Guilin and Fukuoka. However, the BamHI f variant was predominant in Guilin (79%), whereas all the identified types were the F prototype in Fukuoka. The genetic structure and biological functions of the EBV strain associated with endemic NPC in Guilin were probably different from those of Fukuoka. The genetic differences between Guilin and Fukuoka may mirror the differences in histology and patient profiles.
Oncology Reports 06/2008; 19(6):1413-20. · 1.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Boerhaave syndrome is a rare disease and needs an exact diagnosis and a proper treatment plan because of its terrible clinical course. We experienced a case of Boerhaave syndrome that thoracoscopy and intraoperative upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy was very effective. Sixty-four-year-old man realized chest and back pain after vomitting. Esophageal perforation was suspected, but 64 hours had passed already when we started a surgical treatment. By the thoracoscopy and intraoperative endoscopy, lower esophageal perforation and infectious pleural effusion were found. Therefore, we selected a surgical treatment under the assistance of thoracoscopy. Secondly, a simple closure and intracostal muscle overlapping was performed with small incisional thoracotomy. Postoperative complication, such as mediastinal abscess, has not occurred. Thoracoscopy and intraoperative upper GI endoscopy was effective for an appropriate diagnosis and treatment of Boerhaave syndrome.
Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery 06/2005; 58(5):419-21.
