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ABSTRACT: Midkine is a heparin-binding growth factor that promotes the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of various target cells. Midkine plays an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and is overexpressed in many human malignant tumors. Patients with high tumor midkine expression frequently have a worse prognosis than those with low expression. The present study was designed to investigate the interaction network of midkine in hepatic cancer cells, and to elucidate its role in hepatocellular carcinoma.
DNA encoding full-length midkine was cloned into pDBLeu vector to serve as bait in yeast two-hybrid screening to identify interacting proteins. Candidate proteins were examined on SC-Leu-Trp-His+3-AT (20 mmol/L) plates and assayed for X-gal activity, then sequenced and classified according to the GenBank. Finally, identified proteins were expressed by the in vitro expression system pCMVTnT, and protein interactions were confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation.
Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we found 6 proteins that interacted with midkine: NK-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (I-κ-B-alpha), Dvl-binding protein naked cuticle 2, granulin, latent active TGF-beta binding protein 3, latent active TGF-beta binding protein 4, and phospholipid scramblase 1. In vitro co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that all identified proteins directly interacted with midkine.
The identification of midkine-interacting proteins in hepatic cancer cells indicates that midkine is a multifunctional factor that may participate in cell migration, differentiation, and proliferation, and is also associated with the multicellular response feedback during the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international: HBPD INT 06/2012; 11(3):272-7. · 1.08 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Progranulin is a newly discovered 88-kDa glycoprotein originally purified from the highly tumorigenic mouse teratoma-derived cell line PC. Its expression is closely correlated with the development and metastasis of several cancers. However, no immunohistochemical evidence currently exists to correlate progranulin expression with clinicopathologic features in breast carcinoma biopsies, and the role of progranulin as a new marker of metastatic risk and prognosis in breast cancer has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic and prognostic implications of progranulin expression in breast carcinoma and its correlation with tumor angiogenesis.
Progranulin expression was determined immunohistochemically in 183 surgical specimens from patients with breast cancer and 20 tissue samples from breast fibroadenomas. The tumor angiogenesis-related biomarker, vascular endothelial growth factor was assayed and microvessel density was assessed by counting vascular endothelial cells in tumor tissues labeled with endoglin antibody. The relationship between progranulin expression and the clinicopathologic data were analyzed.
Progranulin proteins were overexpressed in breast cancer. The level of progranulin expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.004), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and TNM staging (P < 0.001). High progranulin expression was associated with higher tumor angiogenesis, reflected by increased vascular endothelial growth factor expression (P < 0.001) and higher microvessel density (P = 0.002).
Progranulin may be a valuable marker for assessing the metastasis and prognosis of breast cancer, and could provide the basis for new combination regimens with antiangiogenic activity.
Chinese medical journal 07/2011; 124(13):2045-50. · 0.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the association between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) gene polymorphism 34 C>G and colorectal cancer (CRC), a meta-analysis review was performed in this report.
A systematic literature search and selection of eligible relevant studies were carried out. Nine independent studies with a total number of 4533 cases and 6483 controls were included in the meta-analysis on the association between polymorphism 34 C>G and CRC.
There was no evidence for the association between PPAR-gamma 34 C>G and CRC if all of the subjects in the nine studies were included. However, CG + GG showed a marginally significant difference from CC (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.69-1.01, P = 0.07) in random-effect model. Stratified meta-analysis indicated that PPAR-gamma 34 C>G was associated with colon cancer (OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.65-0.99, P = 0.04) in random-effect model, and the G allele decreased colon cancer risk. No significant association was observed between PPAR-gamma 34 C>G and rectal cancer.
PPAR-gamma 34 C>G is associated with colon cancer risk, but not associated with CRC and rectal cancer risk.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 05/2010; 16(17):2170-5. · 2.47 Impact Factor
