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Xavier Perrier,
Edmond De Langhe,
Mark Donohue,
Carol Lentfer,
Luc Vrydaghs,
Frédéric Bakry,
Françoise Carreel,
Isabelle Hippolyte,
Jean-Pierre Horry, Christophe Jenny,
Vincent Lebot,
Ange-Marie Risterucci,
Kodjo Tomekpe,
Hugues Doutrelepont,
Terry Ball,
Jason Manwaring,
Pierre de Maret,
Tim Denham
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ABSTRACT: Original multidisciplinary research hereby clarifies the complex geodomestication pathways that generated the vast range of banana cultivars (cvs). Genetic analyses identify the wild ancestors of modern-day cvs and elucidate several key stages of domestication for different cv groups. Archaeology and linguistics shed light on the historical roles of people in the movement and cultivation of bananas from New Guinea to West Africa during the Holocene. The historical reconstruction of domestication processes is essential for breeding programs seeking to diversify and improve banana cvs for the future.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 07/2011; 108(28):11311-8. · 9.68 Impact Factor
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Isabelle Hippolyte,
Frederic Bakry,
Marc Seguin,
Laetitia Gardes,
Ronan Rivallan,
Ange-Marie Risterucci, Christophe Jenny,
Xavier Perrier,
Françoise Carreel,
Xavier Argout, [......],
Didier Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié,
Takashi Matsumoto,
Veronique De Bernardinis,
Eric Huttner,
Andrzej Kilian,
Franc-Christophe Baurens,
Angélique D'Hont,
François Cote,
Brigitte Courtois,
Jean-Christophe Glaszmann
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ABSTRACT: The genus Musa is a large species complex which includes cultivars at diploid and triploid levels. These sterile and vegetatively propagated cultivars are based on the A genome from Musa acuminata, exclusively for sweet bananas such as Cavendish, or associated with the B genome (Musa balbisiana) in cooking bananas such as Plantain varieties. In M. acuminata cultivars, structural heterozygosity is thought to be one of the main causes of sterility, which is essential for obtaining seedless fruits but hampers breeding. Only partial genetic maps are presently available due to chromosomal rearrangements within the parents of the mapping populations. This causes large segregation distortions inducing pseudo-linkages and difficulties in ordering markers in the linkage groups. The present study aims at producing a saturated linkage map of M. acuminata, taking into account hypotheses on the structural heterozygosity of the parents.
An F1 progeny of 180 individuals was obtained from a cross between two genetically distant accessions of M. acuminata, 'Borneo' and 'Pisang Lilin' (P. Lilin). Based on the gametic recombination of each parent, two parental maps composed of SSR and DArT markers were established. A significant proportion of the markers (21.7%) deviated (p < 0.05) from the expected Mendelian ratios. These skewed markers were distributed in different linkage groups for each parent. To solve some complex ordering of the markers on linkage groups, we associated tools such as tree-like graphic representations, recombination frequency statistics and cytogenetical studies to identify structural rearrangements and build parsimonious linkage group order. An illustration of such an approach is given for the P. Lilin parent.
We propose a synthetic map with 11 linkage groups containing 489 markers (167 SSRs and 322 DArTs) covering 1197 cM. This first saturated map is proposed as a "reference Musa map" for further analyses. We also propose two complete parental maps with interpretations of structural rearrangements localized on the linkage groups. The structural heterozygosity in P. Lilin is hypothesized to result from a duplication likely accompanied by an inversion on another chromosome. This paper also illustrates a methodological approach, transferable to other species, to investigate the mapping of structural rearrangements and determine their consequences on marker segregation.
BMC Plant Biology 04/2010; 10:65. · 3.45 Impact Factor
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Isabelle Hippolyte,
Frederic Bakry,
Marc Seguin,
Laetitia Gardes,
Ronan Rivallan,
Ange-Marie Risterucci, Christophe Jenny,
Xavier Perrier,
Françoise Carreel,
Xavier Argout, [......],
Didier Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié,
Takashi Matsumoto,
De Bernardinis Veronique,
Eric Huttner,
Andrzej Kilian,
Franc-Christophe Baurens,
Angélique D'Hont,
François Cote,
Brigitte Courtois,
Jean-Christophe Glaszmann
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Abstract
Background
The genus Musa is a large species complex which includes cultivars at diploid and triploid levels. These sterile and vegetatively propagated cultivars are based on the A genome from Musa acuminata , exclusively for sweet bananas such as Cavendish, or associated with the B genome ( Musa balbisiana ) in cooking bananas such as Plantain varieties. In M. acuminata cultivars, structural heterozygosity is thought to be one of the main causes of sterility, which is essential for obtaining seedless fruits but hampers breeding. Only partial genetic maps are presently available due to chromosomal rearrangements within the parents of the mapping populations. This causes large segregation distortions inducing pseudo-linkages and difficulties in ordering markers in the linkage groups. The present study aims at producing a saturated linkage map of M. acuminata , taking into account hypotheses on the structural heterozygosity of the parents.
Results
An F<sub>1 </sub>progeny of 180 individuals was obtained from a cross between two genetically distant accessions of M. acuminata , 'Borneo' and 'Pisang Lilin' (P. Lilin). Based on the gametic recombination of each parent, two parental maps composed of SSR and DArT markers were established. A significant proportion of the markers (21.7%) deviated (p < 0.05) from the expected Mendelian ratios. These skewed markers were distributed in different linkage groups for each parent. To solve some complex ordering of the markers on linkage groups, we associated tools such as tree-like graphic representations, recombination frequency statistics and cytogenetical studies to identify structural rearrangements and build parsimonious linkage group order. An illustration of such an approach is given for the P. Lilin parent.
Conclusions
We propose a synthetic map with 11 linkage groups containing 489 markers (167 SSRs and 322 DArTs) covering 1197 cM. This first saturated map is proposed as a "reference Musa map" for further analyses. We also propose two complete parental maps with interpretations of structural rearrangements localized on the linkage groups. The structural heterozygosity in P. Lilin is hypothesized to result from a duplication likely accompanied by an inversion on another chromosome. This paper also illustrates a methodological approach, transferable to other species, to investigate the mapping of structural rearrangements and determine their consequences on marker segregation.
BMC Plant Biology. 01/2010;
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12/2008: pages 3-50;
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ABSTRACT: Introduction. The worldwide production of banana and plantain, which is estimated to 106 Mt·year–1, relies on a narrow genetic basis. Thus, banana production is fragile regarding emergent diseases, and creation of new varieties of banana stands out as a real necessity for its sustainability. In banana, various improvement strategies aim to create triploid hybrids. The objective of this report is to present a simple in vitro methodology to induce stable tetraploid plants by colchicine treatment, usable as parent for obtaining triploid varieties. Materials and methods. Twenty-one diploid M. acuminata clones and three interspecific M. acuminata / M. balbisiana diploid clones were treated as proliferating culture in liquid medium with 1.25 mM of colchicine for 48 h. Plant screening has been performed by morphological identification in greenhouse, chromosome counts on root tips and flow cytometry on leave blades on vitroplants using propidium iodide staining. Results. Chromosome counts led to distinguish diploid and tetraploid plants but did not afford to detect chimeras. Flow cytometry allowed an early screening of a larger number of plants leading to detect rapidly chimerical plants. It was observed that some stable 2x / 4x cytochimeras are periclinal. Tetraploid clones were obtained with all diploid genotypes. General behaviour of tetraploids in the field was globally weaker than the corresponding diploids. Nevertheless, all the doubled-diploids flowered and crossed with diploid plants to obtain triploid progenies. Conclusion. This study has clearly shown that induction of stable doubled-diploid plants can be obtained from a wide range of genetically different bananas. These results open the way to the systematic use of doubled-diploids by banana breeding programs for the release of enhanced triploid varieties. Introduction. La production mondiale de bananes et plantains, qui est estimée à 106 Mt·an–1, s’appuie sur une base génétique étroite. La production de bananes est donc fragile quant à la menace des maladies émergentes et la création de nouvelles variétés apparaît comme une réelle nécessité pour sa pérennité. Les diverses stratégies d’amélioration du bananier visent à créer des hybrides triploïdes. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une méthode aisée de production de plantes tétraploïdes stables par traitement de colchicine appliqué in vitro, utilisables comme parents pour obtenir de nouvelles variétés hybrides triploïdes. Matériel et méthodes. Vingt-et-un clones diploïdes de M. acuminata et trois clones diploïdes interspécifiques M. acuminata / M. balbisiana ont été traités durant la phase de prolifération in vitro dans un milieu liquide avec 1,25 mM de colchicine pendant 48 h. Le tri des plants a été effectué par une identification morphologique en serre, le comptage des chromosomes a été fait sur les pointes de racines et la cytométrie de flux sur fragments de feuilles de vitroplants en utilisant l’iodure de propidium comme colorant. Résultats. Le comptage des chromosomes a été efficace pour distinguer les plants diploïdes et tétraploïdes mais il n’a pas pu permettre de détecter les chimères. La cytométrie de flux a permis un criblage précoce d’un plus grand nombre de plants et a conduit à la détection rapide des plants chimériques. Il a été noté que quelques cytochimères 2x / 4x stables étaient périclinales. Des clones tétraploïdes ont été obtenus avec tous les génotypes diploïdes. En général, les tétraploïdes au champ se sont révélés moins vigoureux que les diploïdes correspondants. Néanmoins, tous les diploïdes doublés ont fleuri et ont été croisés avec des plants diploïdes pour obtenir des descendances triploïdes. Conclusion. Notre étude a clairement montré que l’induction de plants stables de diploïdes doublés peut être obtenue à partir d’une large gamme de bananiers génétiquement différents. Ces résultats ouvrent la voie à l’utilisation systématique de diploïdes doublés par les programmes d’amélioration pour l’obtention de variétés triploïdes améliorées de bananiers.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/fruits:2006043.
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ABSTRACT: research Deciphering the diversity of the banana complex needs a joint characterization and analysis of the original wild species and their relatives, primitive diploid forms and triploid derived varieties. Sexuality, the primary source of diversity, is strongly disrupted in the cultivated varieties (sterility, parthenocarpy and vegetative propagation) by human selection of vegetatively maintained punctuated mutations. Many biological tools are available for characterizing this diversity, each one illustrating some peculiar facets, and we show that their joint analysis enables an evolutionary reading of this diversity. We propose various scenarios regarding the structure of wild species, on the domestication of the edible diploids from hybrids between wild forms, on the direct ancestry of triploids from cultivated diploids, and on the ancient migrations dispersing cultivated forms around the world. The comparison with data from archaeology, linguistics and human genetics will enable the validation, refinement and dating of the proposed domestication process.
