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ABSTRACT: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare cause of hyperparathyroidism, accounting for fewer than 1% of cases. The incidence of acute pancreatitis in patients with hyperparathyroidism was reported to be only 1.5%. We report a very rare case of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid carcinoma presenting as acute pancreatitis. A 72-year-old man presented with acute pancreatitis and hypercalcemia. During the work-up for hypercalcemia, a mediastinal parathyroid tumor was identified by (99m)Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging. The tumor was completely removed via a lower cervical collar incision. The histopathology revealed parathyroid carcinoma. There was no tumor recurrence or abdominal symptoms at 3-year follow-up.
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 02/2013; 76(2):108-11. · 0.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway dysregulation has been implicated in the development of urothelial carcinoma. However, its clinical relevance has not been substantially validated in human samples. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of the pathway in a large cohort of bladder cancers using the tissue microarray technique.
Immunohistochemical stains for phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, S6 and 4E-BP1 were performed for 887 cases, and the results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics. The high expression of p-S6 and p-Akt corresponded significantly with high-grade and advanced-stage, while losses of PTEN and p-4E-BP1 were observed more often in high-grade and high-stage tumours. High expression of p-Akt and p-S6 predicted progression and cancer-specific mortality for non-muscle-invasive cancers treated by transurethral resection, and p-Akt was an independent factor in multivariate analysis. High expression of p-mTOR and p-Akt correlated with higher cumulative incidence of cancer-specific mortality for muscle-invasive cancer, and p-mTOR was an independent prognostic factor.
We have demonstrated the impact of PI3K/Akt/mTOR alteration on the biological behaviour of bladder tumours. Proper immunohistochemical examination of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway can provide useful prognostic information, and the findings may represent an additional therapeutic avenue in the treatment of bladder cancers.
Histopathology 06/2011; 58(7):1054-63. · 3.08 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A power-efficient K-Means hardware architecture that can automatically estimate the number of clusters in the clustering process is proposed. The contributions of this work include two main aspects. The first is the integration of the hierar-chical data sampling in the hardware to accelerate the clustering speed. The second is the development of the "Bayesian-Infor-mation-Criterion (BIC) Processor" to estimate the number of clusters of K-Means. The architecture of the "BIC Processor" is designed based on the simplification of the BIC computations, and the precision of the logarithm function is also analyzed. The experiments show that the proposed architecture can be employed in different multimedia applications, such as motion segmentation and edge-adaptive noise reduction. Besides, the gate count of the hardware is 51 K with the 90-nm complimentary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology. It is also shown that this work can achieve high efficiency compared with a GPU, and the power consumption scales well with the number of clusters and the number of dimensions. The power consumption ranges be-tween 10.72 and 12.95 mW in different modes when the operating frequency is 233 MHz.
IEEE JOURNAL ON EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS. 01/2011; 1.
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ABSTRACT: To construct a prognostic model for recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for patients who have undergone transurethral resection of non-muscle-invasive (pTa/pT1) urinary bladder urothelial tumours.
1366 patients who had undergone transurethral resection of primary non-muscle-invasive urothelial tumours (pTa, 891 patients; pT1, 475 patients) confined to the bladder were retrospectively studied. Tumours were classified according to the 2004 WHO/International Society of Urologic Pathology grading system. Kaplan-Meier and stepwise Cox regression models were applied, and 200 bootstrap resamples were used to generate survival estimates and 95% CIs. A nomogram was developed that incorporated significant variables predicting survival.
RFS, PFS and CSS probabilities for non-muscle-invasive bladder urothelial tumours were calculated. Incorporating salient prognostic factors (tumour grade, pT stage, patient age, status of intravesical instillation), the model satisfactorily predicted PFS (concordance index=0.79) and CSS (concordance index=0.87).
Robust nomograms were created to predict PFS and CSS. These data provide an overall perspective of disease outcomes which may aid in developing individualised follow-up programmes.
Journal of clinical pathology 10/2010; 63(10):910-5. · 2.43 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To verify prognostic significance of the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading systems, we retrospectively studied the tumors of 1,515 patients who underwent transurethral resection of primary non-muscle-invasive urothelial tumors (pTa, 1,006 patients; pT1, 509 patients) confined to the bladder. Cases were classified according to the 2004 WHO/ISUP systems as 212 cases of papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), 706 low-grade papillary urothelial carcinomas (LPUCs), and 597 high-grade papillary urothelial carcinomas (HPUCs). PUNLMP showed the statistically significantly lowest recurrence cumulative incidence compared with the other tumor types. There were significant differences and trends for higher progression and cancer-specific mortality cumulative incidence in the following order: PUNLMP, LPUC, pTa HPUC, and pT1 HPUC. No differences of progression and cancer-specific mortality cumulative incidence were found between pTa and pT1 LPUC. Our study validates the usefulness of the 2004 WHO/ISUP system to classify urothelial tumors into prognostically distinct categories that would contribute to the design of therapeutic and monitoring strategies for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder urothelial tumors.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology 05/2010; 133(5):788-95. · 2.60 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Texture compression is an important technique in graphics processing units (GPUs) for saving memory bandwidth. This paper presents a high-quality mipmapping texture compression (MTC) system with alpha maps. Based upon the wavelet transform, a hierarchical approach is adopted for mipmapping textures in the YCbCr color space and alpha channel. By inspecting the similarity between the alpha and luminance channels, the two channels are efficiently encoded together with linear prediction in the differential mode. In addition, the split mode manages textures with no strong relationship between the alpha and luminance channels. A layer overlapping technique is also proposed to reduce the texture memory bandwidth. Simulation results show that MTC can reduce the texture access traffic by 80% to 90% and provides high image quality as well. Compared with DirectX texture compression (DXTC), the most well-known texture compression with alpha maps, MTC reduces the texture access bandwidth by 30% more. VLSI implementation results show that the hardware cost of MTC is similar to that of DXTC and that MTC is suitable for integration in GPUs to provide high-quality textures with low memory bandwidth requirements.
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 07/2009; · 1.93 Impact Factor
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Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2009, June 28 - July 2, 2009, New York City, NY, USA; 01/2009
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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. 01/2009; 11:589-599.
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Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS Conference on High Performance Graphics 2009, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, August 1-3, 2009; 01/2009
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents a graphics processing unit with energy-saving techniques. Several techniques and architectures are proposed to achieve high performance with low power consumption. First of all, low power core pipeline is designed with 2-issue VLIW architecture to reduce power consumption while achieving the processing capability of 400MFLOPS or 800MOPS. In addition, inter/intra adaptive mutli-threading scheme can increase the performance by increasing hardware utilization, and the proposed configurable memory array architecture can reduce off-chip memory accessing frequency by caching both input data and output results. Furthermore, for graphics applications, a geometry-content-aware technique called early-rejection-after-transformation is proposed to remove redundant operations for invisible triangles. As for circuit level power reduction, power-aware frequency scaling is proposed to further reduce the power consumption.
SoC Design Conference, 2008. ISOCC '08. International; 12/2008
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ABSTRACT: Gastric variceal bleeding is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis. A recent consensus suggested that endoscopic injection of tissue glue for gastric variceal obliteration (GVO) should be the first choice for treatment of acute gastric variceal bleeding. Following the widespread use of GVO, more severe complications such as needle cementation, fistula formation, embolic sequels, recurrent septicemia, etc., have been reported. We present the first case of GVO-complicated pyogenic portosplenic vein thrombosis which led to persistent Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia. The foreign body of a glue plug offers an ideal surface for bacterial colonization which becomes a reservoir for continuous bacterial dissemination. The mechanism was proven by ribotyping of the microorganism and postmortem pathology.
Digestion 12/2008; 78(2-3):139-43. · 2.05 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A 26 mW 6.4 GFLOPS multi-core stream processor for mobile applications is implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology. A unified stream processing architecture with power-aware frequency scaling and adaptive task scheduling techniques are proposed to reduce the power consumption and increase the performance to achieve the performance of 200 Mvertices/s and 400 Mpixels/s in 3D graphic applications.
VLSI Circuits, 2008 IEEE Symposium on; 07/2008
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ABSTRACT: Synovial sarcoma is a malignant soft-tissue tumor that most commonly occurs in the extremities of young adults. Only several cases of synovial sarcomas of the chest wall and pleura had been reported. We present a 24-year-old man who had right back pain, chest pain, dyspnea, and intermittent fever from a huge primary synovial sarcoma of the right posterior chest wall. Multimodality therapies, including surgical resection, and chemotherapy and radiation therapy were applied, but the tumor progressed rapidly and the patient died 6 months after diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive surgical resection is mandatory for primary synovial sarcoma of the chest wall because of its aggressive behavior.
The Annals of thoracic surgery 07/2008; 85(6):2120-2. · 3.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: K-means is a clustering algorithm that is widely applied in many fields, including pattern classification, multimedia analysis, and image retrieval. Due to real-time requirements of image segmentation in embedded systems, it is necessary to accelerate K-means algorithm by hardware implementations. The contribution of this paper includes a series of K-means hardware analyses and a newly proposed SIP for image segmentation in SoC environments. Experiments show that the proposed SIP has the maximum clock speed 200 MHz with TSMC 0.18 mum technology, and that it can be successfully used for image segmentation on an FPGA board with AMBA AHB.
Circuits and Systems, 2008. ISCAS 2008. IEEE International Symposium on; 06/2008
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International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2008), 18-21 May 2008, Sheraton Seattle Hotel, Seattle, Washington, USA; 01/2008
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Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2008, 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Tainan, Taiwan, December 9-13, 2008. Proceedings; 01/2008
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ABSTRACT: A digital synchronous mirror delay combined with an analog delay-locked loop (DLL) is introduced. Under the influence of process, voltage, temperature, and load variations, the conventional digital synchronous mirror delay could not compensate the static phase error because of its digital type and open loop by nature. The proposed circuit can compensate the delay mismatch between the output buffer and the inner stage, which is caused by the different loading conditions. It can improve the noise immunity from supply variations. Moreover, because of the tracking property of the DLL, the static phase error and jitter could also be reduced. The proposed circuit has been fabricated by a CMOS 0.35-m one-poly four-metal process and the whole chip area is 1.47 1.07 mm2 including I/O pad peripherals. The measured peak-to-peak jitter is 16.4 ps at supply voltage of 3.3 V and frequency of 300 MHz. The power consumption of the entire chip is 16.5 mW for analog part and 84 mW for digital part. The comparisons between the proposed circuit and the conventional digital synchronous mirror delay are also demonstrated.
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 01/2004; 39(1):75-80. · 0.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The low jitter Butterworth delay-locked loops (DLLs) are presented in this paper. The proposed Butterworth DLLs can suppress both the jitters generated by the input noise and the voltage-controlled delay line (VCDL) noise without stability considerations. Theoretically, the proposed Butterworth 2<sup>nd</sup>-order DLL and 3<sup>rd</sup>-order one could reduce the rms jitter due to the VCDL by a factor of √2 and 2, respectively. In addition, a technique called dynamic bandwidth-adjusting scheme (DBAS) is adopted to shorten the lock time without compromising the jitter performance. The conventional DLL and the proposed ones are simultaneously fabricated at the same die in a CMOS 0.35-um one-poly four-metal process. Compared with the conventional DLL, the measured rms jitters of the proposed DLLs can be improved by a factor of 1.40 and 1.95, respectively, with an input frequency of 125 MHz. The maximum power consumption of the proposed DLLs is 32 mW.
VLSI Circuits, 2003. Digest of Technical Papers. 2003 Symposium on; 07/2003
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ABSTRACT: The DLL, in 0.35μm CMOS, uses the shifted averaging VCDL to reduce the mismatch-induced timing error among the delay stages without extra hardware. The DLL can generate precise multiphase outputs with improved duty cycle, reduced skew errors, and lowered jitter. Compared with a conventional DLL, this design improves the peak-to-peak jitter by a factor of 1.4 at 150MHz.
Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2003. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC. 2003 IEEE International; 02/2003
