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ABSTRACT: Through thorough analysis of the ecological security of lakes and reservoirs, which is the foundation of people' s living and regional sustainable development, the related mechanism between water system and social activities is elaborated. Then on the basis of pressure of human activities, the water quality and the service functions, the ecological security situations and trends of Dianchi Lake at time scale from 1999 to 2007 are analyzed. The results indicate that contamination gross control effectively relieves the pressure of human activities to some extent. But the water quality isn't obviously improved, and the grade of ecological security is not optimistic according to increasing index from 2005.
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.] 02/2010; 31(2):282-6.
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Xiao-ming Zou,
Xi-shan Wang,
Yun-long Li,
Zheng-xi Jin,
Da-xun Piao, Xiao-yang Li,
Da-wei Huang,
Wei-xin Liu,
Jian-guo Zhang,
Guo-li Zhang,
Hao-min Zhang,
Zhi-gang Yu,
Jian Zhang,
Dong Fan,
Wei-ye Liu,
Ying-wei Xue,
Jun Xu
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ABSTRACT: To provide basic information for epidemiological research of gastrointestinal (GI) malignant tumors.
Data of GI cancer diagnosed in 15 hospitals of Heilongjiang province between January 1998 and December 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. The data mainly involved the age of onset, initial symptoms, pathological types, clinical staging and types of surgical procedure.
Gastric cancer was the most common type (45.8%) among the 33,540 GI cancer cases, then were rectal cancer (27.3%) and colon cancer (26.8%). Right colon cancer cases were more common than the left ones (1.3:1.0), particularly in people over 80 (2.1:1.0). Only 1.3% of colorectal cancer could be found in age under 30 years old. In patients aged 50 to 70, advanced gastric cancer accounted for 70.6%, advanced colon cancer 73.4% and advanced rectal cancer 72.4%. Well-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in early gastric cancer was 49.7%, early colon cancer 77.3% and rectal cancer 83.2%. Patients undergone radical excision in early gastric cancer accounted for 69.1%, advanced gastric cancer 79.9%, left colon cancer 91.9%, right colon cancer 83.9% and in rectal cancer for 88.3%.
People aged 50 to 70 tend to get GI cancer in Heilongjiang province. Gastric cancer is the most common GI cancer. Radical excision is the main choice of therapy.
Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery 11/2009; 12(6):577-80.
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Guo-You Zhang,
Tao Cheng,
Ming-Hua Zheng,
Cheng-Gang Yi,
Hua Pan,
Zhi-Jie Li,
Xing-Long Chen,
Qing Yu,
Liang-Fu Jiang,
Fei-Ya Zhou, Xiao-Yang Li,
Jing-Quan Yang,
Ting-Gang Chu,
Wei-Yang Gao
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ABSTRACT: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists are increasingly used in patients with diabetes, and some studies have suggested a beneficial effect on organ fibrosis, but their effects on dermal cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover are unknown. To investigate the effect of the PPAR-gamma agonist troglitazone on cell growth and matrix production in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), HDF were cultured and grown in a different concentration of troglitazone. PPAR-gamma expression and matrix production were measured in HDF in the presence of troglitazone. The mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1, collagen I (Col I) and fibronectin (FN) were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and proteins of Col I and FN were determined by Western blotting. The mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Col I and FN were significantly decreased in HDF in 15-30 micromol l(-1) troglitazone compared to the control group with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (P<0.01). An obvious decrease of TGF-beta1 protein was found in troglitazone-treated groups as compared to the control group (P<0.05). Exposure of HDF to troglitazone reduced col I secretion (P<0.05), and fibronectin secretion (P<0.05). This study suggests that PPAR-gamma agonist will provide a novel approach with therapeutic potential in dermal fibrosis, such as hypertrophic scar, keloid and so on.
Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery 08/2009; 63(7):1209-16. · 1.49 Impact Factor
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Guo-You Zhang,
Tao Cheng,
Ming-Hua Zheng,
Cheng-Gang Yi,
Hua Pan,
Zhi-Jie Li,
Xing-Long Chen,
Qing Yu,
Liang-Fu Jiang,
Fei-Ya Zhou, Xiao-Yang Li,
Jing-Quan Yang,
Ting-Gang Chu,
Wei-Yang Gao
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ABSTRACT: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) ligands have been recently reported to have beneficial effects on organ fibrosis. However, their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs), and the related molecular mechanisms are unknown. HSFs were cultured and exposed to different concentration PPAR-gamma ligands in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1). In growth-arrested HSFs, a PPAR-gamma natural ligand (15-deoxy-D12,14-prostaglandin J2, 15d-PGJ2) and a synthetic ligand (GW7845) dose-dependently attenuated TGFbeta1-induced expression of Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), collagens and fibronectin. Furthermore, the suppression of CTGF mRNA and protein expression are relieved by pretreatment with an antagonist of PPAR-gamma (GW9662). Moreover, GW7845 and 15d-PGJ2 partially inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of the TGF-beta1/Smad pathway. These results suggest that in TGFbeta1-stimulated HSFs, PPAR-gamma ligands caused an antiproliferative effect and reduced ECM production through mechanisms that included reducing CTGF expression, and a crosstalk between PPAR-gamma and Smad may be involved in the inhibitory effects of PPAR-gamma ligands.
Archives for Dermatological Research 06/2009; 301(7):515-22. · 2.28 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Pigs are currently considered the most likely source of organs for human xenotransplantation because of anatomical and physiological similarities to humans, and the relative ease to be bred in large numbers. Along with the fast development of the genetic engineering and organ transplant immunity medical science, the research of liver xenotransplantation suffers the very big valuing in recent years. Whether the livers from different species after transplanting can perform the normal function, depends on the function regeneration and lucid rates of hepatic portal vein. The objective of this study was to investigate the age effect on biomechanical properties of pig hepatic portal vein to pave the way for seeking a reliable biomaterial for future pig-to-human liver xenotransplantation.
The biomechanical remodelling of the hepatic portal vein of pigs for 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 months (n = 6 per month) were measured in this study. The blood vessel was given periodic permanent loading and unloading, and repeated force-deformation data were obtained. The incremental modulus (Einc), the longitudinal incremental modulus (Ep), the circumferential incremental modulus (Ev), incremental compliance (C) and wall thickness were calculated based on the recorded pressure-diameter curves from experimental data.
The incremental modulus, pressure strain modulus and the volume modulus of the pig hepatic portal vein increases with the age increased (P < 0.01), while the compliance decreased with the increasing of the age (P < 0.01).
Our present study suggests that the biomechanical properties of the pig hepatic portal vein are age dependent, the pig hepatic portal vein with biomechanical properties that match those of human hepatic portal vein should be chosen for liver xenotransplantation.
Xenotransplantation 01/2009; 16(1):5-10. · 2.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The objective of the study is to set up a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model to study the effects of residual strains on the circumferential stresses and strains in the arterial wall. The 3D model will make numerical calculations of interaction between blood and the vessel wall with residual strains easier in the future. The arterial wall was assumed to be isotropic and linear elastic, and then residual strains were applied in three steps while the physiological point was set to 100 mmHg. The measurements of the circumferential stress and strain distributions were performed under six different blood pressures, namely 80, 100, 120, 150, 180 and 200 mmHg. The circumferential stress levels changed from 50–150 kPa to −11–80 kPa, but the circumferential strain levels remained 0.05–0.15 in the 80–200 mmHg pressure range. The opening angle of the arterial ring was 7°. Residual strains make the circumferential stress and strain distributions in the arterial wall more uniform across the wall thickness. The proposed 3D finite element model gives valid results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 08/2007; 24(11):1325 - 1337. · 1.75 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: For repairing the ear malformation, it is recommended in China to use the over than 10-years-old rib cartilage. However, according to our clinical experience, a better post-operation effect can be found using about the 7-years-old cartilage for the operation. To shape a harvested costal cartilage and to perform it on the transplant site depend on the mechanical properties of the costal cartilage. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the age and gender-related biomechanical properties of the human costal cartilage.
Human costal cartilages were harvested from 25 female and 45 male donors of 5-25 years old after auricular reconstructive surgery. The specimens were divided into six groups: children (5-10 years), adolescent (11-17 years) and adult (18-25 years), respectively, in males and females. Tensile strength, stress-strain relationship, stress relaxation and creep were tested by using a material testing machine.
The biomechanical properties of costal cartilage are donor age and gender related. The children group has the highest tensile strengths (P<0.01) in both male and female groups. The male group relaxed and crept more than that of the female group in all three age groups (P<0.01).
These findings provide a further support for the potential age acting on the human costal cartilage. The adolescent has the lowest strength, this could be a reason that compared to using the children costal cartilage, the bigger distortion happened after using the adolescent costal cartilage in the auricular reconstruction operation.
Clinical Biomechanics 03/2007; 22(3):292-7. · 2.07 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Free skin graft has to be used when the large area skin are burned. The objective of this study is to quantify the influence of free graft and expansion on the skin biomechanical remodeling.
Four white pigs (weighing from 17 kg to 23 kg) were used. Two 180 ml rectangle expanders were aseptically placed beneath the skin on the back of each pig. Four normal skin flaps and four expanded skin flaps were incised from the foreside back of each pig. Two normal skin flaps and two expanded skin flaps were then grafted to rearward back of the pig. Stress-strain relationship, stress relaxation and creep characters in normal skin: N(n=8), expanded skin without graft: E(n=8), normal skin with free graft after three months: NG(n=8) and expanded skin with free graft after three months: EG(n=8) were measured by using Instron material testing machine.
The strains at 3.5 MPa stress (mean (SD)) are 0.4436(0.1760), 0.4851(0.1401), 0.7750(0.1984) and 0.5854(0.0655) respectively in N, E, NG and EG groups. The maximum relaxations (mean (SD)) are 0.6324(0.0169), 0.6279(0.0401), 0.5630(0.0170) and 0.6057(0.0883) in N, E, NG and EG groups, respectively. The maximum creeps (mean (SD)) are 1.0876(0.0086), 1.1037(0.0116), 1.1948(0.0394) and 1.1328(0.0223) in N, E, NG and EG groups.
The biomechanical characteristics of free graft with expanded skin after three months have no significant difference with the normal skin, expansion skin and free graft with normal skin after three months (P>0.05). The free graft and expansion have no significant influence on the skin biomechanical remodeling.
Clinical Biomechanics 10/2006; 21(8):864-9. · 2.07 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To explore the clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) in Chinese population.
We collected 16 Chinese HNPCC families from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Tumor tissues and peripheral white blood cells were studied using microdissection, microsatellite analysis, immunostaining of hMSH2 and hMLH1 proteins and direct DNA sequencing of hMSH2 and hMLH1 genes.
(1) A total of 50 patients had CRC. Average age at diagnosis of the first CRC was 45.7 years; 40.9% and 28.7% of the CRCs were located proximal to the splenic flexure and in the rectum, respectively. Thirty-eight percent of the colorectal cancer patients had synchronous and metachronous CRC. 34.4% and 25% of the CRCs were poor differentiation cancer and mucinous adenocarcinoma, respectively. Fourteen extracoloni tumors were found, and the hepatic cancer was the most common tumor type. Twenty-one patients whose median survival time was 5.7 years died during 1-23 years. Twenty-nine patients have survived for 1-28 years, 58.6%, 41.4% and 24.1% patients have survived for more than 5, 10 and 15 years, respectively; (2) All nine tumor-tissues showed microsatellite instability (MSI) at more than two loci. Four tumor-tissues lost hMSH2 protein expression and one lost hMLH1 protein expression. Three pathological germline mutations were identified from five genetically analyzed families; two of three mutations had not been reported previously as they were a transition from C to A in exon 14 (codon 743) of hMSH2 and a TTC deletion in exon 14 (codon 530) of hMLH1.
Chinese HNPCC have specific clinicopathological features, such as early onset, propensity to involve the proximal colon, and high frequency of multiple CRCs, liver cancer more frequent than endometrial cancer. Chinese HNPCC showed relatively frequent germline mutation of mismatch repair (MMR) genes that correlated closely with high-level MSI and loss of expression of MMR genes protein.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 04/2005; 11(11):1673-9. · 2.47 Impact Factor
