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ABSTRACT: Seventeen patients with acute schizophrenia and 30 with chronic schizophrenia were included in a randomized, double-blind parallel-group trial comparing sulpiride and perphenazine. Patients were evaluated using the 16-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) prior to the onset of treatment and 1 and 2 weeks, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 months thereafter. In patients with acute schizophrenia, total BPRS scores declined significantly at the end of the trial compared with pretreatment values in sulpiride-treated patients but not in schizophrenics treated with perphenazine. Differences in response between the groups did not reach statistical significance, however. For patients suffering from chronic schizophrenia, a statistically significant decline was observed in total BPRS scores at 4 months compared with pretreatment scores in both sulpiride and perphenazine groups. There was no significant difference in the treatment response between the groups. Sulpiride appeared to be somewhat more effective than perphenazine for treatment of acute schizophrenia. Efficacy of both compounds was less marked in chronic forms of schizophrenia.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 08/2007; 80(1):92 - 96. · 4.22 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In a search for information to improve decision making on red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, we examined the impact of RBC transfusion on the length of hospital stay for delivery in moderately anaemic women (haemoglobin, 7-10 g/dl).
This was a retrospective, observational study covering 2 years (2002 and 2003), and included major blood-transfusing hospitals from four university and five central hospital districts managing 67.5% of Finnish in-hospital deliveries. The impact of the transfusion of 1-2 RBC units vs. no transfusion on the length of hospital stay was evaluated for three different haemoglobin levels: 7-7.9, 8-8.9 and 9-10 g/dl.
Of the 1954 moderately anaemic mothers in hospital for delivery, 13.3% were transfused with RBC. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.2 days vs. the average Finnish hospital delivery stay of 3.5 days. No differences in stay were found between patients with comparable anaemia transfused with 1-2 RBC units or none (at the three haemoglobin levels: P= 0.50, P= 0.07 and P= 0.54, respectively). The final haemoglobin value was higher (P < 0.001) in transfused patients.
The duration of admission for delivery in moderately anaemic parturients was longer than the average length of hospital stay in Finnish parturients. However, 1-2 RBC units had no impact on the length of stay, suggesting that unnecessary RBCs are transfused after delivery. Thus, transfusion practices in obstetrics are not always optimal.
Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 06/2007; 51(5):565-9. · 2.19 Impact Factor
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R Palo,
T Ali-Melkkilä,
R Hanhela,
V Jäntti,
T Krusius,
E Leppänen,
E K Mahlamäki,
V Perhoniemi,
A Rajamäki,
J Rautonen,
M Salmenperä, H Salo,
I Salonen,
E-R Savolainen,
S Sjövall,
M Suistomaa,
M Syrjälä,
A Tienhaara,
M Vähämurto,
T Mäki
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ABSTRACT: We wanted to establish a permanent national database system, which can be utilized to study transfusion recipients and blood use in Finland.
A regularly updated register for permanent use was developed. To study the usability of the database, years 2002 and 2003 were further analysed. Database included all transfused patients in major blood-transfusing hospitals from four university and five central hospital districts managing altogether 63% of Finnish inpatient hospital episodes.
Audit of gathered data reveal 96.8% match in adult blood components with Finnish Red Cross, Blood Service sales figures. Model data set includes 59,535 transfused patients (44.3% men and 55.7% women) having received 529,104 blood components. Half of all blood units were transfused in connection with surgical operations. Most of the blood recipients were elderly (51.6% are over 64 years of age). Blood-component use and transfusion-related costs varied widely between hospitals.
Hospital data managing systems can be useful for creating a population-based database system to monitor and compare transfusion practices. This record provides information about transfusion epidemiology for transfusion professionals, hospital management, and hospital administration.
Vox Sanguinis 09/2006; 91(2):140-7. · 2.86 Impact Factor
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Duodecim; lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja 02/1996; 112(16):1479-85.
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ABSTRACT: Doppler ultrasonography and strain gauge plethysmography were used prospectively to study the hemodynamic changes in 20 patients' (5 men and 15 women) legs operated on by means of subfascial closure for insufficiency of perforating veins. In 10 patients (50%) the valves of the deep veins were incompetent as verified by Doppler ultrasonography, and deep vein thrombosis had previously been diagnosed in seven patients. After subfascial ligature, strain gauge plethysmography showed no changes in arterial flow, venous capacity, or in venous emptying rate. However, both venous reflux flow and reflux volume were significantly lowered (p less than 0.01) after surgery as compared to values before operation. The clinical objective results were good in all cases. In two of four patients with fair subjective results the arterial flow was pathologically high, which probably implies the presence of microscopic arteriovenous fistulas. It is concluded that strain gauge plethysmography can quantitate the change in deep venous reflux after ligation of perforating veins.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 08/1990; 12(1):34-7. · 3.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Long-term survival of patients with basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin and site distribution of the lesions were studied using ample nationwide cancer registry data. The material consisted of 23,975 patients with BCC and 2,927 patients with SCC diagnosed in Finland from 1967 to 1981. The proportion of patients with lesions in the head and neck region was 77.5% in men and 81.4% in women for BCC and, 75.7% in men and 75.8% in women for SCC. The 5- and 10-year relative survival rates (RSRs) of patients with BCC were very close to 100%. The 5-year RSR of patients with SCC diagnosed from 1974 to 1981 was 87.7% in men and 84.0% in women. In patients with SCC the worst prognosis was for lesions of the scalp and neck in men (80.2%) and for those of the ears in women (73.2%).
International Journal of Dermatology 10/1989; 28(7):445-50. · 1.14 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Seventeen patients with acute schizophrenia and 30 with chronic schizophrenia were included in a randomized, double-blind parallel-group trial comparing sulpiride and perphenazine. Patients were evaluated using the 16-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) prior to the onset of treatment and 1 and 2 weeks, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 months thereafter. In patients with acute schizophrenia, total BPRS scores declined significantly at the end of the trial compared with pretreatment values in sulpiride-treated patients but not in schizophrenics treated with perphenazine. Differences in response between the groups did not reach statistical significance, however. For patients suffering from chronic schizophrenia, a statistically significant decline was observed in total BPRS scores at 4 months compared with pretreatment scores in both sulpiride and perphenazine groups. There was no significant difference in the treatment response between the groups. Sulpiride appeared to be somewhat more effective than perphenazine for treatment of acute schizophrenia. Efficacy of both compounds was less marked in chronic forms of schizophrenia.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 08/1989; 80(1):92-6. · 4.22 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The characteristic, bloodhound-like appearance, which degenerates gradually, of patients with primary hereditary systemic amyloidosis, also called Meretoja's syndrome (MS), is attributable to amyloid degeneration of the craniofacial skin and peripheral facial nerves, but apparently also to amyloid deposits in the muscles; a finding not previously described. A material of five patients treated with plastic surgery is presented, and the peculiarities and differences of this rare disease in comparison with other peripheral neuropathies is discussed from a reconstructive viewpoint.
Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery 02/1988; 22(2):141-5. · 0.94 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The antihypertensive effect of verapamil administered either two or three times daily was compared in a double blind, cross over study in 15 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. During the dose titration period with t.i.d. administration, normotension was obtained with daily doses of 240 mg in 7 patients, 360 mg in 7 patients and with 480 mg in one patient. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) in the supine (13/14 mmHg) and standing (14/14 mmHg) positions were significantly (p less than 0.001) reduced during the dose titration period. There was no statistically significant difference in the BP values between the twice and three times a day regimens. Five to 7-fold individual variations in the serum verapamil concentrations between individuals were observed. No significant correlations were found between serum drug concentrations and the change in mean arterial BP. There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the two treatment regimens. Our results suggest that verapamil administered twice daily is effective in mild to moderate hypertension.
Annals of clinical research 02/1988; 20(3):195-200.
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Duodecim; lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja 02/1987; 103(7):421-5.
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ABSTRACT: Carbonated bupivacaine and bupivacaine hydrochloride were used for epidural anaesthesia in patients undergoing surgery of the lower extremities. Thirty patients received 20 ml 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride and 32 patients 20 ml 0.42% carbonated bupivacaine. Carbonated bupivacaine had a more rapid onset of action and spread of both sensory and motor blockade than its hydrochloride salt. The differences were statistically significant.
Regional-Anaesthesie 11/1986; 9(4):105-9.
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ABSTRACT: The antihypertensive and biochemical effects of 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide alone or 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide alone or in combination with triamterene (either 37.5 or 75 mg) once daily were studied in 26 patients with essential hypertension. After a 5-week run-in period the patients were randomized to receive active therapy in a cross-over manner. Each treatment period lasted 3 months. All drugs significantly (p less than 0.01) lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There were no differences in blood pressure between the medication periods. Serum potassium concentration was slightly lower during all medication periods than during the run-in period. This change was statistically significant (p less than 0.01) only on 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide daily. There were no significant changes in serum magnesium during any of the periods compared to the run-in period. The lowest values were recorded on 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide alone and the highest on 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide plus 75 mg triamterene daily. A slight increase in serum urate was recorded in all medication periods compared to the run-in period. No significant changes were observed in serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol or triglycerides between any of the periods. It can be concluded that 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide is as effective in lowering blood pressure as higher doses of the diuretic. Higher doses of thiazides will in some patients cause adverse metabolic reactions of which the fall in serum potassium and magnesium is effectively hindered by triamterene.
Acta medica Scandinavica 02/1986; 219(4):381-6.
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ABSTRACT: In 20 patients we studied the changes in calf arterial blood flow (AF) following spinal and epidural blocks, using venous occlusion strain gauge plethysmography (SGP). AF was calculated both in the conventional way by drawing a tangent to the initial upslope of the curve, and by a new method which measures the time to the point when 50% of venous capacity is reached (tVC50). The statistical differences within and between the spinal and epidural groups for AF and tVC50 were determined. In measuring the post-block changes in AF as compared with the control values, a statistically significant correlation (rs = -0.85, p less than 0.01) was observed between the two methods. We conclude that the new variable, tVC50, seems to be potentially useful in calculating changes in arterial blood flow at rest, and could be used, for example, in connection with surgical and pharmacological interventions, especially when the initial upslope of the SGP curve is equivocal.
European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 02/1986; 55(6):630-3.
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ABSTRACT: A low molecular weight (Mw 38 000) and a medium molecular weight (Mw 125 000) hydroxyethyl starch and a medium molecular weight dextran (Mw 70 000) solution were compared with a balanced salt solution in 123 patients undergoing operations of the lower extremities in epidural anaesthesia; 500 ml of the studied solutions were infused during 15 min after the injection of the epidural anaesthetic. The need for etilefrine hydrochloride as a vasoconstrictor in correcting hypotensive reactions was recorded. Changes in haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), serum total protein and serum albumin concentrations were measured. The number of patients given etilefrine hydrochloride in the plasma-substitute groups was smaller than in the control group. The differences were, however, not statistically significant. The fall in blood pressure cannot be totally inhibited by administration of 500 ml plasma substitute. According to the differences in Hb, Hct, serum protein and albumin values, the hydroxyethyl starch solutions were significantly more effective plasma substitutes than the balanced salt solution and as effective as dextran. No side-effects attributable to the solutions used were observed.
Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 01/1985; 28(6):595-9. · 2.19 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Six healthy male subjects were given in a crossover fashion medium molecular weight (HES 125) and low molecular weight (HES 40) hydroxyethyl starch, dextran, and balanced salt solution by intravenous infusion. The plasma volumes were determined using labeled albumin and plasma protein measurements. Three properties of factor VIII protein complex and indices of blood coagulation and hemostasis were measured before and after the infusions. Both the salt solution and HES 40 increased plasma volume, but their effect wore off within 3 hours. Dextran and HES 125 increased plasma volume significantly (P less than 0.001) more than the salt solution did, and the expansion was maintained for 24 hours. Plasma volume increases (dextran and HES 125) were associated with high nonglucose carbohydrate levels in plasma and low levels in urine. No or slight increases in plasma volumes (HES 40), on the other hand, were associated with low and high carbohydrate levels in plasma and urine, respectively. Serum alpha-amylase activity increased significantly after both HES preparations as compared to salt solution. Dextran and HES 125 decreased all the three values of factor VIII, these decreases being maximal 3 to 6 hours after administration and highest (about 25 per cent) for F VIII R:Ag and F VIII R:cof. It is concluded that HES 125 and dextran are equally effective plasma expanders.
The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 08/1984; 24(7):273-82. · 2.91 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Eleven geriatric chronic psychotic hospital patients were treated with monthly intramuscular haloperidol decanoate injections for 5 months. The first and second haloperidol decanoate dose was 20 times and thereafter 15 times the "optimal" oral haloperidol dose. The serum haloperidol concentrations were fairly stable during the whole month following parenteral administration. After the second and third injection the concentration was about twice as high as during oral treatment. No clinically significant changes were established in routine haematological or biochemical laboratory tests studied during the trial. No significant changes in serum prolactin levels were observed after parenteral haloperidol compared to the levels during oral treatment. No local or systemic side effects were observed during the trial. The psychiatric status of the patients was fairly constant during the whole study. Haloperidol decanoate was thus shown to be therapeutically effective and it can be administered safely to geriatric patients.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 05/1982; 65(4):301-8. · 4.22 Impact Factor
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Acta medica Scandinavica. Supplementum 02/1982; 668:95-101.
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Acta medica Scandinavica. Supplementum 02/1982; 668:102-9.
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ABSTRACT: The pharmacokinetics of diazepam administered as suppositories or as a solution in rectal tubes were compared in six geriatric hospital patients. A single dose of 10 mg was administered in a cross-over study with a one week interval. There was no statistically significant difference in the bioavailability, the mean maximum serum concentration or the time of achievement of the maximum with these preparations. However, the peak serum concentration was somewhat higher with suppositories but the absorption was somewhat faster via rectal tubes. The serum N-desmethyldiazepam concentration increased during the whole 24 hour observation period, there was no difference between the preparations. Our results are in good agreement with most studies of the pharmacokinetics of diazepam. The basal substance of the suppository is of the utmost importance to the absorption of diazepam. The rectal tube for administration of diazepam did not have any advantage over the optimally formulated (a mixture of macrogols) suppository in geriatric patients. In fact, the use of rectal tubes is more expensive, the tube may not be completely emptied, and the solution may not be completely retained in the rectum.
Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica 08/1981; 49(1):59-64.
