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Marina Cardellini,
Rossella Menghini,
Alessio Luzi,
Francesca Davato,
Iris Cardolini, Rossella D'Alfonso,
Paolo Gentileschi,
Stefano Rizza,
Maria Adelaide Marini,
Ottavia Porzio,
Davide Lauro,
Paolo Sbraccia,
Renato Lauro,
Massimo Federici
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ABSTRACT: In humans, it is unclear if insulin resistance at the monocyte level is associated with atherosclerosis in vivo. Here we have studied first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes to investigate whether a reduction in components of the insulin signal transduction pathways, such as the insulin receptor (InsR) or InsR substrate 1 or 2 (IRS1 or IRS2), or a reduction in genetic modifiers of insulin action, such as the TIMP3/ADAM17 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3/A disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 17) pathway, is associated with evidence of atherosclerosis.
Insulin sensitivity was analyzed through euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and subclinical atherosclerosis was analyzed through intimal medial thickness. Monocytes were isolated through magnetic cell sorting, and mRNA and proteins were extracted and analyzed by quantitative PCR and pathscan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively.
In monocyte cells from human subjects with increased risk for diabetes and atherosclerosis, we found that gene expression, protein levels, and tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS2, but not InsR or IRS1, were decreased. TIMP3 was also reduced, along with insulin resistance, resulting in increased ectodomain shedding activity of the metalloprotease ADAM17.
Systemic insulin resistance and subclinical atherosclerosis are associated with decreased IRS2 and TIMP3 expression in circulating monocytes.
Diabetes 12/2011; 60(12):3265-70. · 8.29 Impact Factor
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Maria Adelaide Marini,
Simona Frontoni,
Davide Mineo,
Daniela Bracaglia,
Marina Cardellini,
Pierluigi De Nicolais,
Alessandra Baroni, Rossella D'Alfonso,
Michela Perna,
Davide Lauro,
Massimo Federici,
Sergio Gambardella,
Renato Lauro,
Giorgio Sesti
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ABSTRACT: The insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene has been considered a candidate for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease. To investigate the relationship between the common Gly(972)Arg IRS-1 variant and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, 153 glucose-tolerant, unrelated offspring of type 2 diabetic patients were studied. There were no differences between Arg(972) IRS-1 carriers and noncarriers in age, gender, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, body composition, fasting glucose and insulin levels, and glucose or insulin levels during the oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity, assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, was significantly reduced in carriers of Arg(972) IRS-1 (P < 0.03). Carriers of Arg(972) IRS-1 displayed many features of the insulin resistance syndrome, including higher values for serum triglycerides (P < 0.01), total/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P < 0.01), free fatty acid levels (P < 0.04), systolic blood pressure (P < 0.04), microalbuminuria (P < 0.003), and intima-media thickness (P < 0.02). These results suggest that the Arg(972) IRS-1 variant could contribute to the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases associated with type 2 diabetes by producing a cluster of insulin resistance-related metabolic abnormalities.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 08/2003; 88(7):3368-71. · 6.50 Impact Factor
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Massimo Federici,
Antonio Petrone,
Ottavia Porzio,
Carla Bizzarri,
Davide Lauro, Rossella D'Alfonso,
Ippolita Patera,
Marco Cappa,
Lorenza Nisticò,
Marco Baroni,
Giorgio Sesti,
Umberto di Mario,
Renato Lauro,
Raffaella Buzzetti
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ABSTRACT: The Arg(972) insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) variant has been hypothesized to play a role in pancreatic beta-cell stimulus-coupled insulin secretion and survival. We analyzed the relations between type 1 diabetes and the Arg(972) IRS-1 variant. The frequency of the IRS-1 Arg(972) variant was investigated in two independent sets of unrelated patients: a case-control study and a collection of type 1 diabetes simplex families. In the former group, frequency of the IRS-1 Arg(972) variant was significantly increased in the patients (P = 0.0008), conferring an OR of 2.5. Transmission disequilibrium analysis of data obtained from the family set revealed that the Arg(972) IRS-1 variant was transmitted from heterozygous parents to affected probands at a frequency of 70.2% (P < 0.02). Arg(972) IRS-1 frequency showed no significant correlation with HLA genotypic risk for type 1 diabetes. Arg(972) IRS-1 type 1 diabetic patients also had lower fasting plasma concentrations of C-peptide at the time of diagnosis with respect to patients carrying the wild-type IRS-1 (0.49 +/- 0.058, n = 34, and 0.76 +/- 0.066, n = 134, respectively [means +/- SE]; P = 0.051). Our findings suggest a role for Arg(972) IRS-1 in conferring risk for the development of type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes 03/2003; 52(3):887-90. · 8.29 Impact Factor
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Rossella D'Alfonso,
Maria Adelaide Marini,
Lucia Frittitta,
Roberto Sorge,
Simona Frontoni,
Ottavia Porzio,
Luisa Marina Mariani,
Davide Lauro,
Sergio Gambardella,
Vincenzo Trischitta,
Massimo Federici,
Renato Lauro,
Giorgio Sesti
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ABSTRACT: We investigated the significance of Gly1057Asp and Leu647Val insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2 polymorphisms in two Italian cohorts comprising 186 glucose-tolerant subjects and 240 subjects with type 2 diabetes from the Lazio region (i.e. representative of central Italy), and 123 glucose-tolerant subjects from the Sicily region (i.e. representative of south Italy). The allelic frequency of Gly1057Asp variant did not differ between diabetics (32.9%) and nondiabetic subjects, whatever their ethnicity was (35.8% and 33.7% from Lazio and Sicily, respectively). As compared with Gly/Gly subjects within each group, Asp/Asp individuals showed no differences in quantitative traits, including fasting insulin and C-peptide, and several indices of insulin sensitivity and secretion. Only one of the diabetic patients was heterozygous for the Leu647Val variant, and none of the control subjects carried this variant. This patient had three children who were also heterozygous for this variant. They were glucose tolerant, and their insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion indices were within the range of age-matched controls. We also analyzed IRS-2 function in fibroblasts from carriers of Gly1057Asp or Leu647Val variant. No defects in IRS-2 expression, insulin-stimulated phosphorylation, or binding to the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase were observed. These results strongly argue against a major role of IRS-2 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 02/2003; 88(1):317-22. · 6.50 Impact Factor
