-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The spallation lead target in the “Energy plus Transmutation” set-up, covered with uranium blanket, was irradiated by the
1.6GeV deuteron beam from the Nuclotron accelerator at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna. The neutrons generated
in the subcritical uranium blanket are used to activate the radioactive uranium and thorium samples outside the blanket. Rates
of the (n,g \gamma) , (n, f) and (n, 2n) reactions are determined for some residual nuclei. The ratio of the reaction rates R(n, 2n)/R(n, f) is estimated to be 27(9)%. Contributions of the neutrons with energy E
n > 20 MeV to the (n, f) reaction rate is ∼ 57% for 232Th and ∼ 37% for natU , respectively. To compare with the experimental results, the reaction rates are simulated by generating the neutron fluxes
employing two different models, the beam shapes by the MCNPX 2.6.c code and making use of the appropriate libraries of cross-sections.
The transmutation power of the set-up is estimated using the average (n,g \gamma) and (n, 2n) reaction rates and compared with some of the results of the TARC experiment.
European Physical Journal A 04/2012; 43(2):159-173. · 2.19 Impact Factor
-
J. Adam,
K. Katovsky,
A. Balabekyan,
V. G. Kalinnikov, M. I. Krivopustov,
H. Kumawat,
A. A. Solnyshkin,
V. I. Stegailov,
S. G. Stetsenko,
V. M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov,
W. Westmeier
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Target-blanket facility ‘Energy + Transmutation’ was irradiated by proton beam extracted from the Nuclotron Accelerator in
Laboratory of High Energies of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia. Neutrons generated by the spallation
reactions of 0.7, 1.0, 1.5 and 2 GeV protons and lead target interact with subcritical uranium blanket. In the neutron field
outside the blanket, radioactive iodine, neptunium, plutonium and americium samples were irradiated and transmutation reaction
yields (residual nuclei production yields) have been determined using γ-spectroscopy. Neutron field's energy distribution
has also been studied using a set of threshold detectors. Results of transmutation studies of 129I, 237Np, 238Pu, 239Pu and 241Am are presented.
Pramana 04/2012; 68(2):201-212. · 0.57 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The spatial and energy characteristics of the neutron fields produced on the surface of a massive lead target irradiated with
1.5 and 5 GeV protons were investigated. In the course of the experiment, the distribution of the fission rates of the threshold
nuclides 232Th and 209Bi on the lateral surface of the target was obtained in two directions (transverse and longitudinal). The fission rates of
235U (in and without a cadmium filter), 234U, 236U, 237Np, and 238U and the corresponding spectral indices and cadmium ratio for 235U were also measured on the target surface.
For the two values of the proton energy, the experimental values were compared with one another and with Monte Carlo simulation
results.
Atomic Energy 04/2012; 99(3):633-638. · 0.08 Impact Factor
-
A. R. Balabekyan,
A. S. Danagulyan,
J. R. Drnoyan,
N. A. Demekhina,
G. H. Hovhannisyan,
J. Adam,
V. G. Kalinnikov, M. I. Krivopustov,
V. S. Pronskikh,
V. I. Stegailov,
A. A. Solnyshkin,
V. M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov,
S. G. Mashnik,
K. K. Gudima
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The recoil properties of the product nuclei from the interaction of 2.2 GeV/nucleon 12C ions from Nuclotron of the Laboratory of High Energies, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna with a 118Sn target have been studied via catcher foils method. The experimental data were analyzed using the mathematical formalism
of the standard two-step vector model. The results for 12C ions are compared with those for deuterons and protons. Three different Los Alamos versions of the Quark-Gluon String Model
were used for comparison with our experimental data.
Physics of Atomic Nuclei 04/2012; 73(7):1176-1184. · 0.57 Impact Factor
-
V. Wagner,
A. Krása,
M. Majerle,
F. Křížek,
O. Svoboda,
A. Kugler,
J. Adam,
V. M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov, M. I. Krivopustov,
I. V. Zhuk,
W. Westmeier
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The set-up ‘energy plus transmutation’, consisting of a thick lead target and a natural uranium blanket, was irradiated by
relativistic proton beams with the energy from 0.7 GeV up to 2 GeV. Neutron field was measured in different places of this
set-up using different activation detectors. The possibilities of using the obtained data for benchmark studies are analyzed
in this paper. Uncertainties of experimental data are shown and discussed. The experimental data are compared with results
of simulation with MCNPX code.
Pramana 04/2012; 68(2):297-306. · 0.57 Impact Factor
-
J. Adam,
A. R. Balabekyan,
R. Brandt,
V. P. Dzhelepov,
S. A. Gustov,
V. G. Kalinnikov, M. I. Krivopustov,
I. V. Mirokhin,
J. Mrazek,
R. Odoj,
V. S. Pronskikh,
O. V. Savchenko,
A. N. Sosnin,
A. A. Solnyshkin,
V. I. Stegailov,
V. M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The burning of radioactive waste is investigated. Targets from 241Am and 237Np were irradiated with 0.66-GeV proton beams. The cross sections for the formation of 60 and 80 residual nuclei from 237Np and 241Am are determined. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical cross sections calculated by the cascade-evaporation
model.
Physics of Atomic Nuclei 04/2012; 65(5):763-775. · 0.57 Impact Factor
-
R. Brandt,
V. A. Ditlov,
K. K. Dwivedi,
W. Ensinger,
E. Ganssauge,
Guo Shi-Lun,
M. Haiduc,
S. R. Hashemi-Nezhad,
H. A. Khan, M. I. Krivopustov,
R. Odoj,
E. A. Pozharova,
V. A. Smirnitzki,
A. N. Sosnin,
W. Westmeier,
M. Zamani-Valasiadou
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Interactions of relativistic heavy ions with total energies above 30 GeV in thick Cu and Pb targets (≥ 2 cm) have been studied
with various techniques. Radiochemical irradiation experiments using thick Cu targets, both in a compact form or as diluted
“2π-Cu targets” have been carried out with several relativistic heavy ions, such as 44 GeV 12C (JINR, Dubna, Russia) and 72 GeV 40Ar (LBL, Berkeley, USA). Neutron measuring experiments using thick targets irradiated with various relativistic heavy ions
up to 44 GeV 12C have been performed at the JINR. In addition, the number of “black prongs” in nuclear interactions (due to protons with
energies less than 30 MeV and emitted from the target-like interaction partner at rest) produced with 72 GeV 22Ne ions in nuclear emulsion plates has been measured in the first nuclear interaction of the primary 22Ne ion and in the following second nuclear interaction of the secondary heavy (Z > 1) ion. Some essential results have been obtained. (1) Spallation products produced by relativistic secondary fragments
in interactions ([44 GeV 12C or 72 GeV 40Ar] + Cu) within thick copper yield fewer products close to the target and many more products far away from the target as
compared to primary beam interactions. This applies also to secondary particles emitted into large angles (Θ > 10°). (2) The
neutron production of 44 GeV 12C within thick Cu and Pb targets is beyond the estimated yield as based on experiments with 12 GeV 12C. These rather independent experimental results cannot be understood within well-accepted nuclear reaction models. They appear
to present unresolved problems.
PACS numbers34.50.-s
Physics of Particles and Nuclei 04/2012; 39(2):259-285. · 0.52 Impact Factor
-
Physics Research International. 01/2011; 2011(IS128429).
-
O Yordanov,
S Batzev,
L Kostov,
C H Stoyanov,
P Zhivkov,
J Adam,
V D Kovalenko, M I Krivopustov,
A A Solnyshkin,
V M Tsoupko-Sitnikov,
K Katovsky,
M Majerle
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The "Energy Plus Transmutation"-setup consists of a thick cylindrical lead target of 456 mm length and diameter of 84 mm, which is surrounded by a thick layer containing 206,4 kg of natural uranium. This small-sized target-blanket-assembly resembles the geometry and the constituents of an industry-sized subcritical system for power production and nuclear waste transmutation. The irradiations of the target-blanket-assembly are performed using deuteron beams of variable energies, delivered by the Nuclotron accelerator at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna. Using precision gamma-spectroscopy, the amounts of isotopes of bismuth, lead and thallium, produced in the lead target during the irradiation with a deuteron beam of 2,52 GeV [1,2] have been determined. The collected data on the isotope production are compared with the predictions of nuclear-reaction- and particle-transport-codes.
Journal of Physics Conference Series 02/2010; 205(1):012052.
-
A. R. Balabekyan,
A. S. Danagulyan,
J. R. Drnoyan,
N. A. Demekhina,
G. H. Hovhannisyan,
J. Adam,
V. G. Kalinnikov, M. I. Krivopustov,
V. S. Pronskikh,
V. I. Stegailov,
A. A. Solnyshkin,
V. M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov,
S. G. Mashnik,
K. K. Gudima
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The recoil properties of the product nuclei from the interaction of 2.2 GeV/nucleon 12-C ions from Nuclotron of the Laboratory of High Energies (LHE), Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) at Dubna with a 118-Sn target have been studied using catcher foils. The experimental data were analyzed using the mathematical formalism of the standard two-step vector model. The results for 12-C ions are compared with those for deuterons and protons. Three different Los Alamos versions of the Quark-Gluon String Model (LAQGSM) were used for comparison with our experimental data. Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Nucl. Phys. A
05/2009;
-
M.I. Krivopustov,
A.V. Pavliouk,
A.D. Kovalenko,
I.I. Mariin,
A.F. Elishev,
J. Adam,
A. Kovalik,
Yu.A. Batusov,
V.G. Kalinnikov,
V.B. Brudanin, [......],
O. Yordanov,
P.K. Zhivkov,
A.V. Kumar,
M. Sharma,
A.M. Khilmanovich,
B.A. Marcinkevich,
S.V. Korneev,
Ts. Damdinsuren,
Ts. Togoo,
H. Kumawat
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 01/2009; 279:567. · 1.52 Impact Factor
-
S. Kilim,
M. Bielewicz,
E. Strugalska-Gola,
M. Szuta,
A. Wojciechowski, M. I. Krivopustov,
A. D. Kovalenko,
I. Adam,
A. Krasa,
M. Majerle,
V. Wagner
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Results of two experiments with Yttrium-89 samples on U/Pb-assembly “Energy plus Transmutation” [1] are presented. The assembly
is a lead cylindrical target (8.4 cm diameter, 45.6 cm length) with natural uranium blanket (206.4 kg). The lead target was
irradiated with JINR Dubna NUCLOTRON with 1.60 and 2.52 GeV deuteron beam. The final purpose of the experiments was to measure
neutron field inside the assembly. Yttrium-89 activation detectors were located throughout the entire U/Pb-assembly. Irradiated
sample gamma activity was measured with HPGe spectrometer. The gamma spectra were analyzed and the net peak areas were calculated
using the DEIMOS program [2]. After short presentation of the activation results neutron spectrum determination method is
proposed and its results presented. Assuming reaction model through compound nucleus and using some mathematical tricks Yttrium
isotope “k ” production rate discrete formula
Ik = NòEthr,k ¥ f( E )sk ( E,Ethr ) dEI_k = N\int\limits_{E_{thr,k} }^\infty {\phi \left( E \right)\sigma _k \left( {E,E_{thr} } \right)} dE
was transformed into Volterra's integral equation of the first kind and then solved. The method and its applicability still
to be discussed. The results as the preliminary ones are for illustrative purpose only.
12/2008: pages 343-352;
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Isospin effects in 12C ion induced reactions on enriched tin isotopes are investigated. The isoscaling parameter B is determined for different mass regions of product nuclei. It is shown that the isoscaling parameter is sensitive to the formation mechanism of products, and increases as the difference in the asymmetry is increasing. Using the exitatation energy obtained with the catcher technique temperatures, density ratio ro/ro0 for product nuclei in different mass regions and the values of symmetry energy coefficient for light mass regions of product nuclei for proton and deuteron induced reactions are determined.
04/2008;
-
A.S. Danagulyan,,
A.R. Balabekyan,,
G.H. Hovhannisyan,,
N.A. Demekhina,,
J. Adam,,
V.G. Kalinnikov,, M.I. Krivopustov,,
V.M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The analysis of isotope effect in experimental data from reactions on enriched tin isotopes with 12C-ions
at energy 26.4 GeV is presented and compared with previous data obtained in protons, deuterons induced
reactions on the same targets.
Dependence of the target isospin is observed for different mass reaction products. The parameterization
of cross-section ratios in frames of known empiric relations is made. The obtained parameter B behavior is
discussed in the range of light and heavy products and for targets with different isotope composition.
Nuclear Physics A 01/2008; 814:109. · 1.54 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A new spallation source, efficient for transmutation experiments, was designed and constructed at the Dubna High Energy Laboratory (LHE). The spallation source has a cylindrical shape Pb target surrounded by nat U rods. Experiments with protons of 0.7–2 GeV were performed and neutron spatial distribution on the surface of U blanket was studied. Total neutron fluences and estimates of their energy distributions were determined using solid state nuclear track detectors. Slow and fast neutron components were studied as a function of the proton beam energy. The experimental results were fitted and compared with calculations derived from empirical relations based on physics near high-energy accelerators. The results show that neutron spatial distribution along the U blanket surface (parallel to the beam direction) has the same shape independent of the proton beam energy. The neutron fluence spatial distribution is characterized by an increase at the beginning of the target and after reaching a maximum drops as a function of the target thickness. The maximum is reached at about one mean free path of protons in the Pb target. The total number of neutrons produced, as was measured on U blanket surface, is an increasing function of the proton beam energy.
Radiation Measurements. 01/2008; 43:151-155.
-
Radiation Measurements 01/2008; 43:S204. · 1.18 Impact Factor
-
R. Brandt,
V.A. Ditlov,
K.K. Dwivedi,
W. Ensinger,
E. Ganssauge,
Guo Shi-Lun,
M. Haiduc,
S.R. Hashemi-Nezhad,
H.A. Khan, M.I. Krivopustov,
R. Odoj,
E.A. Pozharova,
V.A. Smirnitzky,
A.N. Sosnin,
W. Westmeier,
M. Zamani-Valasiadou
Radiation Measurements 01/2008; 43:S132. · 1.18 Impact Factor
-
A. R. Balabekyan,
A. S. Danagulyan,
J. R. Drnoyan,
G. H. Hovhannisyan,
N. A. Demekhina,
J. Adam,
V. G. Kalinnikov, M. I. Krivopustov,
V. S. Pronskikh,
V. I. Stegailov,
A. A. Solnyshkin,
P. Chaloun,
V. M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov,
S. G. Mashnik,
K. K. Gudima
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The recoil properties of the product nuclei from the interaction of 3.65-GeV/nucleon protons and deuterons from the Nuclotron
and Synchrophasotron of the Laboratory of High Energies (LHE), Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) at Dubna, with
a 118Sn target have been studied using catcher foils. The experimental data were analyzed using the mathematical formalism of the
standard two-step vector model. The analysis of kinematical characteristics of the light and medium-mass reaction products
confirmed the contribution of fragmentation (or multifragmentation) processes in the production of these nuclei. The comparison
of the results for protons and deuterons was made. The longitudinal momenta transferred to the target in the interaction with
protons and deuterons were similar and was shown to depend only on the velocity, but not on the mass of projectile. Three
different Los Alamos versions of the quark—gluon-string model (LAQGSM) were used for the discussion of our experimental results.
Physics of Atomic Nuclei 10/2007; 70(11):1889-1897. · 0.57 Impact Factor
-
Manish Sharma,
V. Kumar,
H. Kumawat,
J. Adam,
V.S. Barashenkov,
S. Ganesan,
S. Golovatiouk,
S.K. Gupta,
S. Kailas, M.I. Krivopustov,
H.S. Palsania,
V. Pronskikh,
V.M. Tsoupko-Sitnikov,
N. Vladimirova,
H. Westmeier,
W. Westmeier
Pramana 01/2007; 68/2:307. · 0.57 Impact Factor
-
A Krása,
M Majerle,
F Krízek,
V Wagner,
A Kugler,
O Svoboda,
V Henzl,
D Henzlová,
J Adam,
P Caloun,
V G Kalinnikov, M I Krivopustov,
V I Stegailov,
V M Tsoupko-Sitnikov
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Relativistic protons with energies 0.7-1.5 GeV interacting with a thick, cylindrical, lead target, surrounded by a uranium blanket and a polyethylene moderator, produced spallation neutrons. The spatial and energetic distributions of the produced neutron field were measured by the Activation Analysis Method using Al, Au, Bi, and Co radio-chemical sensors. The experimental yields of isotopes induced in the sensors were compared with Monte-Carlo calculations performed with the MCNPX 2.4.0 code.
Journal of Physics Conference Series 06/2006; 41(1):306.
