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ABSTRACT: Development of a long range platform tolerant metal mountable patch-type tag antenna for passive ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) systems is discussed. Results from full-wave electromagnetic simulations are presented to explain the design procedure and to evaluate the performance of the prototype tag antenna. The design uncertainty is quantified based on the expected maximum variations in the tag antenna and tag chip impedance. Wireless RFID measurements based on the EPC Generation 2 protocol are used in experimental tag design verification. The prototype tag achieves 25-meter maximum theoretical line of sight read range on metallic objects at 915 MHz.
RFID-Technologies and Applications (RFID-TA), 2011 IEEE International Conference on; 10/2011
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ABSTRACT: Accurate knowledge of the input impedance of a radio-frequency identification (RFID) integrated circuit (IC) at its wake-up power is valuable as it enables the design of a performance-optimized tag for a specific IC. However, since the IC impedance is power dependent, few methods exist to measure it without advanced equipment. We propose and demonstrate a wireless method, based on electromagnetic simulation and threshold power measurement, applicable to fully assembled RFID tags, to determine the mounted IC's input impedance in the absorbing state, including any parasitics arising from the packaging and the antenna-IC connection. The proposed method can be extended to measure the IC's input impedance in the modulating state as well.
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 10/2011; · 1.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents an overview of various radio frequency identification (RFID) tag fabrication methods and briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The purpose of this paper is to provide readers with the RFID fabrication techniques that can be applied in laboratory scale experiments. The performance results of laboratory made RFID tags based on two fabrication methods (etching and screen printing) and different substrates (paper, thin transparent film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and fabrics) are provided. These results prove the effectiveness of the presented laboratory scale fabrication methods for RFID tags.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), 2010 IEEE; 08/2010
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, we present the design and development of a small, high performance, compact Ultra Wideband antenna, resonating on a wide range of commonly used Ultra High Frequency (UHF) bands. The antenna's bandwidth ranges from 1.22GHz to above 3GHz. The ultra wide bandwidth was achieved by dispersing the current fed into the feeding block of the antenna into different directions and loops. The antenna has a good omni-directional radiation pattern throughout the operational bandwidth, with a reasonable gain, and a small compact structure, which makes it suitable for many compact wireless devices like global positioning systems, wireless LANs, bluetooth, amateur radios and many others.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), 2010 IEEE; 08/2010
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ABSTRACT: Environmental effects may seriously threaten the performance of UHF RFID systems and reduce the rate of successful reading; many applications aiming at the so-called item-level tagging (ILT) can be therefore compromised. In order to preserve the reliability of the tag acquisition the so-called near field (NF) UHF RFID has been recently considered. In this paper, the main properties and the performance of NF UHF RFID systems are investigated by means of electromagnetic analyses based on both theoretical evaluations on simple but representative radiating elements and measurements carried out also on real UHF RFID devices.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 06/2010; · 2.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, the design, development and performance of a miniaturized multipurpose dual band planar antenna is discussed. This dual band antenna is destined to work on two UHF RFID bands, which are, 433MHz and the European RFID band (865MHz–868MHz). The main objective to design such an antenna was to have an antenna design having a small size, with an omni-directional radiation pattern with a reasonable performance. The size of the antenna is reduced by utilizing different miniaturization techniques, among which the most significant once include shorting the antenna's radiating part with the ground plane, and using closely coupled parallel microstrip lines approach. The antenna structure and design makes it more stable to the external environmental effects, such as hand and wall effects. This type of dual band antenna can be used in different kind of small RFID readers, wireless sensor network nodes and other compact wireless systems.
Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), 2010 Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on; 05/2010
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents a printable humidity sensor for RFID systems at UHF frequencies. The sensor is printed onto Kapton HN polyimide substrate using silver ink. The sensor measures humidity capacitively through the permittivity change in the polyimide. The actual measurement result is acquired from the tag using a threshold power sweep performed by the reader device. The operation principle is explained and simulation results are shown. Simulation results predict good sensor performance and thus the sensor is ready for the prototype stage.
Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS), 2010 IEEE; 03/2010
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ABSTRACT: A compact slot type tag antenna design for passive UHF RFID is presented. Advantages of slot type radiators in UHF RFID are discussed. Physical operation principle of the proposed antenna structure is explained and explored by simulations. Modeling results at different design stages are presented and a case study of realization of impedance matching to a specific RFID IC is discussed. Design verification is done by wireless protocol-based measurements, results are presented and compared with our previous tag antenna designs.
Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS), 2010 IEEE; 02/2010
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ABSTRACT: This paper is concentrated on analyzing the performance of passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags in which different impedance matching approaches have been used. Analysis and discussion is based on modeling results and measurements of the tags in active state. In the analysis, we will concentrate on comparing the performance of a dipole-type tag antenna with T-match, two-wire and three-wire folded dipole tag antennas and a microstrip patch-type tag antenna.
Microwave Conference, 2009. APMC 2009. Asia Pacific; 01/2010
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, a planar inverted miniaturized ultra high frequency E antenna, with high gain will be discussed. This paper will present the design of the microstrip antenna, its development and performance based on the measured results. The shape of the antenna is similar to the inverted alphabet E, which is why the antenna is referred as E antenna. The operating frequency of the antenna is 868 MHz. This antenna works on a phenomenon similar to that of a PIFA (planar inverted F antenna). The radiating part is shorted with the ground plane, to reduce the size of the antenna. The aim of this project was to make a small, compact, low cost planar antenna, which has a good gain and can be accommodated in small card shaped areas, for different compact wireless systems. E antenna can be considered as a miniaturized, low cost antenna model, suitable for many small wireless systems with a good gain and an omni-directional radiation pattern.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2009. APSURSI '09. IEEE; 07/2009
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, a miniaturized 433 MHz microstrip planar antenna will be discussed. The antenna is made for small wireless devices, such as wireless receivers and for small card size indoor readers. The wavelength of the operating frequency is much larger than the available space for the antenna; this makes it quite challenging to have such a small antenna for the desired frequency. Two major techniques are used to accommodate the antenna in the required space, this include shortening the radiating part of the antenna to the ground plane and using a meander line like antenna structure. The main limitation was to accommodate a 433 MHz antenna in a small card size area for an indoor wireless unit. Apart from that, the antenna should be low cost, and with a max gain better than that of a commercially used loop antenna gain of -15 dBi. In this paper we will discuss the development and the performance of such a miniaturized antenna for a frequency of 433 MHz.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2009. APSURSI '09. IEEE; 07/2009
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ABSTRACT: In this paper a miniaturized Ultra High Frequency planar microstrip antenna is presented, which can be used in wireless indoor systems, such as on wall receivers, control units etc. The aim of this project was to make a miniaturized antenna for an indoor wireless receiver, operating at 868MHz. The main challenge for designing such an antenna model was the limitation of available space for the antenna structure. In addition to that, the antenna should also be low cost, having an omni-directional radiation pattern and with a respectable gain. The miniaturized antenna model was achieved by shortening the radiating part of the antenna to the ground plane, similar to that of PIFA (Skrivervik et al., 2001), to reduce the size of the antenna. It also fulfills other requirements, like low cost, omni-directional radiation pattern and respectable gain. In this paper we will discuss the design, development and performance based on the measured results, of such a miniaturized antenna model.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2009. APSURSI '09. IEEE; 07/2009
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ABSTRACT: Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems for the paper industry is an emerging research topic due to the need for an automated identification system for the paper industry which would carry on the identification codes of paper and board reels throughout their life cycle. This paper discusses the application of passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID systems to the paper industry. Challenges, benefits, and the application environment of using passive UHF RFID systems in the paper industry are presented and discussed. The major challenges are development of globally operable tag antenna designs and integration of reader units and reader antennas to paper handling machinery. To confront and solve these challenges, this paper presents novel tag antenna designs for paper and board reel identification and proposes solutions for reader and reader antenna integration to paper handling machinery. In addition, the identification locations within the paper reel supply chain and the effects of RFID systems to supply chain visibility are presented and discussed. In addition, test results of using passive UHF RFID systems in the paper industry environment are presented.
IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 02/2009; · 1.46 Impact Factor
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Asia Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC); 12/2008
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Chye-Hwa Loo,
K. Elmahgoub,
Fan Yang,
A. Elsherbeni,
D. Kajfez,
A. Kishk,
T. Elsherbeni,
L. Ukkonen, L. Sydanheimo,
M. Kivikoski,
S. Merilampi,
P. Ruuskanen
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ABSTRACT: The paper demonstrates that the reflection coefficient calculated using the frequency dependent microchip impedance shows better agreement between the simulation and measurement than power reflection coefficients calculated from fixed frequency microchip impedances. Thus it is recommended to consider this procedure while designing tag antennas for better performance across the desired frequency band of operation.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE; 08/2008
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents the backscattering properties and power delivery between reader and tag of three UHF RFID tags with two different IC-chips were studied in a reflective metallic Faraday gage environment by measuring threshold power, backscattered signal power and RCS. The results establish that highly reflective environment caused significant variations in threshold power levels and increase in the power level of the reader's signal the may impair the backscattering properties of the tag rather than give more reliable response. This suggests that in applications where one needs to identify objects in reflective environments adaptive power adjustment in the reader unit may give better results.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE; 08/2008
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ABSTRACT: A meander line UHF RFID tag antenna with an efficient matching network has been designed. Wideband matching and good radiation properties were achieved in parallel with small antenna size by increasing the structurepsilas electrical length by meander structure and thus lowering its self-resonant frequency. Antenna was modelled with a FEM-simulator and it showed good performance: matching for global RFID UHF frequency and simulated gain was higher than for an ideal half-wavelength dipole. Matching and backscattering properties were verified by measurements and the results were compared against two commercial Gen2 short dipole -type tags. Both, matching and backscattering properties of the designed tag were found to be competent in this respect.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE; 08/2008
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ABSTRACT: Two short-dipole type RFID tags with diverse geometries have been developed to compare their performance with each other and with two commercial short-dipole type tags. Antenna structures were modelled with FEM-simulator to find a suitable geometries for matching and radiation properties. Based on simulation and measurement results bowtie design proved to be more apt geometry for an electrically small radiator and showed better performance compared to the other more traditional dipole type design. Comparison with two commercial tags showed that bowtie design has good impedance matching and also its backscattering properties were comparable with the commercial designs.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE; 08/2008
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ABSTRACT: In passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) systems the radar cross section (RCS) of the tag is an important factor affecting the performance of the system. One of the most challenging applications for passive UHF RFID systems is identification of industrial paper reels. In this paper we study the RCS of RFID tag antennas for paper reel identification with finite element method (FEM) modelling. In addition, the operation of one of the studied tags is verified and analyzed with read range and RFID signal measurements in the practical application environment.
Antennas and Propagation, 2007. EuCAP 2007. The Second European Conference on; 12/2007
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ABSTRACT: This paper defines the model and attributes of the cell phone integrated antenna design for the mobile RFID reader using 13 and 56 MHz frequency. This HF frequency band is the most common and fastest growing band used in RFID applications.Radio frequency identification (RFID) is becoming more and more common and its application range is widening continuously. The benefits of RFID are obvious compared to former identification systems, like barcodes. For example, RFID does not need a direct line of sight between the reader and the tag. The development of RFID tags has put pressure on the development of the readers, too, and especially the need of mobile readers has increased through the significant widening of the application range. Because of the presumption that cell phones are nowadays carried by almost all people, they would make a suitable and useful platform for mobile RFID readers as well, as presented in reference. The possibilities and techniques of integrating the RF-part and the user interface (UI) of the RFID reader in the cell phone are presented in future references.
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE; 07/2007
