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H W Zhao,
L T Sun,
X Z Zhang,
X H Guo,
Y Cao,
W Lu,
Z M Zhang,
P Yuan,
M T Song,
H Y Zhao,
T Jin,
Y Shang,
W L Zhan, B W Wei,
D Z Xie
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: There has been increasing demand to provide higher beam intensity and high enough beam energy for heavy ion accelerator and some other applications, which has driven electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source to produce higher charge state ions with higher beam intensity. One of development trends for highly charged ECR ion source is to build new generation ECR sources by utilization of superconducting magnet technology. SECRAL (superconducting ECR ion source with advanced design in Lanzhou) was successfully built to produce intense beams of highly charged ion for Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL). The ion source has been optimized to be operated at 28 GHz for its maximum performance. The superconducting magnet confinement configuration of the ion source consists of three axial solenoid coils and six sextupole coils with a cold iron structure as field booster and clamping. An innovative design of SECRAL is that the three axial solenoid coils are located inside of the sextupole bore in order to reduce the interaction forces between the sextupole coils and the solenoid coils. For 28 GHz operation, the magnet assembly can produce peak mirror fields on axis of 3.6 T at injection, 2.2 T at extraction, and a radial sextupole field of 2.0 T at plasma chamber wall. During the commissioning phase at 18 GHz with a stainless steel chamber, tests with various gases and some metals have been conducted with microwave power less than 3.5 kW by two 18 GHz rf generators. It demonstrates the performance is very promising. Some record ion beam intensities have been produced, for instance, 810 e microA of O(7+), 505 e microA of Xe(20+), 306 e microA of Xe(27+), and so on. The effect of the magnetic field configuration on the ion source performance has been studied experimentally. SECRAL has been put into operation to provide highly charged ion beams for HIRFL facility since May 2007.
Review of Scientific Instruments 03/2008; 79(2 Pt 2):02A315. · 1.37 Impact Factor
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L T Sun,
H W Zhao,
X H Guo,
X Z Zhang,
Z M Zhang,
P Yuan,
W L Zhan, B W Wei,
X H Cai,
J Y Li,
Y C Feng,
W He,
Y Cao,
M T Song,
X X Li,
H Wang,
B H Ma,
W Lu,
T Jin
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The recently developed SECRAL (Superconducting Electron Cyclotron Resonance ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou) ion source is a high-performance nextgeneration ECR ion source. It is designed to produce high current, high charge state heavy ion beams for HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) cyclotrons. In August 2005, the first plasma was obtained at 18 GHz. Preliminary performances of SECRAL on gaseous elements such as oxygen, argon and xenon are quite promising, with many world record ion beams being delivered such as 2.3 emA O6+, 0.81 emA O7+, 0.81 emA Ar11+, 0.5 emA Xe20+, 306 eμA Xe27+and 9 eμA Xe36+. In April 2006, metallic ion beam production was tested on SECRAL. Very preliminary but promising results were obtained. This paper briefly describes the design of the SECRAL ion source, the ion beam analyzing system and also the ion beam detection system. Typical gaseous and metallic performances of SECRAL at 18GHz are presented.
Journal of Physics Conference Series 03/2007; 58(1):435.
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H. W. Zhao,
L. T. Sun,
X. Z. Zhang,
Z. M. Zhang,
X. H. Guo,
W. He,
P. Yuan,
M. T. Song,
J. Y. Li,
Y. C. Feng,
Y. Cao,
X. X. Li,
W. L. Zhan, B. W. Wei,
D. Z. Xie
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Superconducting electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source with advanced design in Lanzhou (SECRAL) is a next generation ECR ion source and aims for developing a very compact superconducting ECR ion source with a structure and high performances for highly charged ion-beam production. The ion source was designed to be operated at 18 GHz at initial operation and finally will be extended to 28 GHz. The superconducting magnet confinement configuration of the ion source consists of three axial solenoid coils and six sextupole coils with a cold iron structure as field booster and clamping. At full excitation, this magnet assembly can produce peak mirror fields on the axis of 3.6 T at injection, 2.2 T at extraction, and a radial sextupole field of 2.0 T at plasma chamber wall. What is different from the traditional design, such as LBNL VENUS and LNS SERSE, is that the three axial solenoid coils are located inside of the sextupole bore in order to reduce the interaction forces between the sextupole coils and the solenoid coils. SECRAL may open the way for building a compact and high-performance 18–28 GHz superconducting ECR ion source. Very preliminary commissioning results are promising. Detailed design, construction issues and very preliminary test results of the ion source at 18 GHz are presented.
Review of Scientific Instruments 03/2006; 77(3):03A333-03A333-4. · 1.37 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: CSR, a new ion cooler-storage-ring project in China IMP, is a double ring system, and consists of a main ring (CSRm) and an experimental ring (CSRe). The two existing cyclotrons SFC (K=69) and SSC (K=450) of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) will be used as its injector system. The heavy ion beams with the energy range of 7--30 MeV/nucleus from the HIRFL will be accumulated, cooled and accelerated to the higher energy range of 100--500 MeV/nucleus in CSRm, and then extracted fast to produce radioactive ion beams or highly charged heavy ions. Those secondary beams will be accepted and stored or decelerated by CSRe for many internal-target experiments or high precision spectroscopy with beam cooling. On the other hand, the beams with the energy range of 100--1000MeV/nucleus will also be extracted from CSRm by using slow extraction or fast extraction for many external-target experiments. CSR project was started in the end of 1999 and will be finished in 2006. In this paper the outline and the activities of the project will be described.
Particle Accelerator Conference, 2005. PAC 2005. Proceedings of the; 06/2005
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H. W. Zhao,
Z. M. Zhang,
L. T. Sun,
Y. Cao,
W. He,
X. Z. Zhang,
X. H. Guo,
L. Ma,
P. Yuan,
M. T. Song,
W. L. Zhan, B. W. Wei
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Great efforts have been made to develop highly charged ECR ion sources for application of heavy ion accelerator and atomic physics research at IMP in the past few years. The latest development of ECR ion sources at IMP is briefly reviewed. Intense beams with high and intermediate charge states have been produced from IMP LECR3 by optimization of the ion source conditions including rf frequency extended up to 18GHz. 1.1 emA of Ar8+ and 325 eμ A of Ar11+ were produced. Dependence of beam emittance on those key parameters of ECR ion source, beam extraction and space charge compensation were experimentally studied at LECR3. Furthermore, an advanced superconducting ECR ion source named SECRAL is being constructed. SECRAL is designed to operate at rf frequency 18–28GHz with axial mirror magnetic fields 3.6–4.0 Tesla at injection, 2.2 Tesla at extraction and sextupole field 2.0 Tesla at the wall. The superconducting magnet with sextupole and three solenoids was tested in a test‐cryostat and 95% of designed fields were reached. Construction status and planed schedule of SECRAL are presented. © 2005 American Institute of Physics
AIP Conference Proceedings. 03/2005; 749(1):10-14.
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H. W. Zhao,
Z. M. Zhang,
W. He,
X. Z. Zhang,
X. H. Guo,
Y. Cao,
P. Yuan,
L. T. Sun,
L. Ma,
M. T. Song,
W. L. Zhan, B. W. Wei,
D. Z. Xie
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Intense heavy ion beams have been produced from IMP 14.5 GHz LECR3 by optimization of the ion source conditions and transmission efficiency. Highly charged stable beams, such as 325 eμA of Ar11+, 95 eμA of Xe26+, 7 eμA of Xe30+, 140 eμA of Fe13+, and 75 eμA of Ni12+, were obtained by 14.5 GHz rf power 800–1000 W. Furthermore, an advanced superconducting ECR ion source named SECRAL is being constructed. SECRAL is designed to operate at rf frequency 18–28 GHz with axial mirror magnetic fields 4.0 T at injection, 2.2 T at extraction, and sextupole field 2.0 T at the plasma chamber wall. The unique feature of this superconducting ECR source is that the sextupole is located outside of the three axial solenoid coils to reduce the interaction force and make the source more compact. Fabrications of the superconducting coils, cryostat, beam transmission line, and other components are almost completed. Tests of the superconducting magnet with sextupole and solenoid coils are under way. © 2004 American Institute of Physics.
Review of Scientific Instruments 05/2004; 75(5):1410-1413. · 1.37 Impact Factor
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P. Yuan,
Y. He,
B. Zhang,
L.Z. Ma,
R.R. He,
S.F. Han,
W.J. Liu,
H. Xiong,
Y. Wang,
J.W. Xia,
W.L. Zhan, B.W. Wei
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The magnet design choices and calculations for HIRFL-CSR (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou Cooling Storage Ring) are presented. CSR desires the dipole magnet field uniformity B/B<sub>0</sub> ≤ ±10<sup>-4</sup> and good field width reaching to ± 70 mm and ±110 mm for the main ring and experimental ring respectively. For the dipole of CSRm, an H type was chosen with an air circle on the pole to improve the field homogeneity that was obtained with 2-D and 3-D code calculations. For CSRe, because the demand by the physics experiments, the dipole was chosen as C type. Many ideas were adopted to reduce its size, for it is very difficult to fabricate such a large laminated dipole in our country. All quadrupole lenses need field nonlinear gradient better than ± 2 × 10<sup>-3</sup> in the good field region which width is 80 mm and ± 140 mm for the main ring and experimental ring respectively. All magnets will be laminated of 0.5 mm-thick sheets of cold rolled electrical steel with an armor-coated surface.
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 04/2002; · 1.04 Impact Factor
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H. W. Zhao,
X. Z. Zhang,
Z. M. Zhang,
X. H. Guo,
P. Yuan,
Y. Cao,
Sun L. T, B. W. Wei,
Y. F. Wang,
W. L. Zhan,
D. Z. Xie
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources are used for cyclotron complex and atomic physics research at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP). Intense beams of highly charged gaseous and metallic ions could be produced by the IMP 14.5 GHz ECR ion source (LECR2-Lanzhou Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source No. 2). A particular emphasis has been put on the production of metallic ion beams recently. Metallic ion beams of Mg, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were tested at the IMP 14.5 GHz ECR ion source (LECR2) to improve beam intensities and long-term stability. A new ECR ion source (Lanzhou Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source No. 3), an upgraded version of the IMP 14.5 GHz ECR (LECR2) but with double-frequency wave heating (10 GHz+14.5 GHz), is under commissioning. The preliminary results of this new source will be presented. To satisfy the requirements of the heavy ion cooling storage ring that is under construction at IMP, a fully superconducting ECR ion source (Lanzhou Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source with Superconducting Coils) with a completely new structure is being developed for the production of intense heavy ion beams of very high charge states, such as Xe <sup>30+</sup> and U <sup>40+</sup>. The superconducting magnet consists of three axial solenoid coils and six saddle-curved sextupole coils with a cold iron structure as field booster and clamp. At full excitation, this magnet assembly will produce maximum peak fields on axis of 4.0 T at the injection, 2.2 T at the extraction region, and a radial sextupole field of 2.0 T at plasma chamber wall. The design features and status of this new superconducting ECR ion source will be presented. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
Review of Scientific Instruments 03/2002; · 1.37 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: Recent development of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources in China is reviewed. Emphasis is put on high charge state ECR ion sources which have been mainly developed in China by Institute of Modern Physics (IMP). Presently two ECR ion sources built by IMP for highly charged ion beams are put into operation for cyclotrons and atomic physics research. The development of high charge state ECR ion sources at IMP has progressed with a new magnetic field configuration, better condition for extraction of highly charged ions, high mirror magnetic field, large plasma volume, and special techniques to provide extra cold electrons. These techniques greatly enhance the production of highly charged ions from IMP ECR ion sources. So far more than 185 eμA of Ar11+ and 50 eμA of Xe26+ were produced by the IMP ECR ion sources. The metallic ion beam production was tested and the first beam 40Ca11+ was provided to the cyclotrons at IMP. The beam intensity of 40Ca11+ could reach 130 eμA. The next part of this article will report the latest progress of 2.45 GHz ECR ion sources in China. A 2.45 GHz compact permanent magnet proton ion source was designed and constructed by IMP. A new microwave feeding system is applied on this ion source. The ion source is able to deliver 90 mA of mixed ion beam (H1++H2++H3+) after preliminary commissioning. The article also mentions a small 2.45 GHz ECR ion source which was built by Sichuan University and used for industry applications. The dependence of plasma density and electron temperature on radio frequency power, neutral gas pressure, and different microwave windows was measured by a Langmuir probe on this ion source. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
Review of Scientific Instruments 01/2000; 71(2):646-650. · 1.37 Impact Factor
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Nuclear Physics A 01/1997; 626:561-565. · 1.54 Impact Factor
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Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica 02/1988; 23(10):779-82.
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Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica 02/1988; 23(10):783-5.
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Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica 12/1986; 21(11):806-10.
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J.W. Xia,
W.L. Zhan, B.W. Wei,
Y.J. Yuan,
M.T. Song,
W.Z. Zhang,
X.D. Yang,
P. Yuan,
D.Q. Gao,
H.W. Zhao, [......],
K.T. Man,
J.R. Dang,
X.H. Cai,
Y.F. Wang,
J.Y. Tang,
W.M. Qiao,
Y.N. Rao,
Y. He,
L.Z. Mao,
Z.Z. Zhou
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: HIRFL-CSR, a new ion Cooler-Storage-Ring (CSR) project, is the post-acceleration system of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL). It consists of a main ring (CSRm) and an experimental ring (CSRe). From the HIRFL cyclotron system the heavy ions will be accumulated, cooled and accelerated in the CSRm, then extracted fast to produce radioactive ion beams (RIB) or highly charged heavy ions. Those secondary beams will be accepted and stored by the CSRe for many internal-target experiments with electron cooling.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment.
