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Publications (2)5.21 Total impact

  • Article: Reduced sperm performance in backcross hybrids between species pairs of whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)
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    ABSTRACT: Previous work has demonstrated that genomic incompatibilities work together with ecologically divergent selection to promote and maintain reproductive isolation between incipient species (dwarf and normal) of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill, 1818)). Whitefish spawn in groups with external fertilization, which creates conditions for strong sperm competition. In this study, we asked whether reduced sperm performance in hybrids from whitefish species-pair matings might contribute to postzygotic isolating mechanisms between these taxa. We examined two sperm traits, sperm swimming speed and flagellum length, in pure dwarf and normal whitefish and in their F1 and backcross hybrids. We observed significantly reduced sperm swimming speed in backcross but not in F1 hybrids. Sperm flagellum length was not significantly correlated with sperm swimming speed. These results demonstrate that F1 hybrids formed in nature should be capable of the same fertilization success as the parental species during sperm competition, everything else being equal. However, reduced sperm performance in the backcross generation is consistent with other evidence suggesting that genomic incompatibilities create a range of negative fitness effects in post-F1 whitefish hybrids and provides evidence for an additional postzygotic isolation mechanism involved in the incipient speciation of sympatric dwarf and normal whitefish.Des travaux antérieurs ont démontré que les incompatibilités génétiques agissent de concert avec la sélection divergente en fonction de l'écologie pour favoriser et maintenir l'isolement génétique entre les espèces en émergence (naines et normales) chez les grands corégones (Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill, 1818)). Les corégones fraient en groupes et ont une fécondation externe, ce qui crée des conditions de forte compétition spermatique. Dans notre étude, nous cherchons à savoir si la performance réduite des spermatozoïdes des hybrides provenant de l'accouplement de paires d'espèces de corégones peut contribuer aux mécanismes d'isolement post-zygotique entre ces taxons. Nous examinons deux caractéristiques des spermatozoïdes, la vitesse de nage et la longueur du flagelle des spermatozoïdes, chez des corégones nains et normaux purs et leurs hybrides de F1 et de rétrocroisement. Il y a une réduction significative de la vitesse de nage des spermatozoïdes chez les hybrides de rétrocroisement, mais non ceux de F1. Il n'existe pas de corrélation significative entre la longueur du flagelle et la vitesse de nage des spermatozoïdes. Ces résultats démontrent que les hybrides de F1 formés en nature devraient pouvoir obtenir le même succès de fécondation que les espèces parentales durant la compétition spermatique, toutes autres choses étant égales. Cependant, la performance réduite des spermatozoïdes de la génération de rétrocroisement est compatible avec d'autres indications qui laissent croire que les incompatibilités génétiques créent une gamme d'effets négatifs de fitness chez les hybrides post F1 de corégones; elle fournit aussi des preuves de l'implication d'un mécanisme additionnel d'isolement post-zygotique dans la spéciation en émergence des corégones sympatriques nains et normaux.
    Canadian Journal of Zoology 06/2009; 87(7):566-572. · 1.21 Impact Factor
  • Article: Pervasive sex-linked effects on transcription regulation as revealed by expression quantitative trait loci mapping in lake whitefish species pairs (Coregonus sp., Salmonidae).
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    ABSTRACT: Mapping of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) is a powerful means for elucidating the genetic architecture of gene regulation. Yet, eQTL mapping has not been applied toward investigating the regulation architecture of genes involved in the process of population divergence, ultimately leading to speciation events. Here, we conducted an eQTL mapping experiment to compare the genetic architecture of transcript regulation in adaptive traits, differentiating the recently evolved limnetic (dwarf) and benthic (normal) species pairs of lake whitefish. The eQTL were mapped in three data sets derived from an F(1) hybrid-dwarf backcrossed family: the entire set of 66 genotyped individuals and the two sexes treated separately. We identified strikingly more eQTL in the female data set (174), compared to both male (54) and combined (33) data sets. The majority of these genes were not differentially expressed between male and female progeny of the backcross family, thus providing evidence for a strong pleiotropic sex-linked effect in transcriptomic regulation. The subtelomeric region of a linkage group segregating in females encompassed >50% of all eQTL, which exhibited the most pronounced additive effects. We also conducted a direct comparison of transcriptomic profiles between pure dwarf and normal progeny reared in controlled conditions. We detected 34 differentially expressed transcripts associated with eQTL segregating only in sex-specific data sets and mostly belonging to functional groups that differentiate dwarf and normal whitefish in natural populations. Therefore, these eQTL are not related to interindividual variation, but instead to the adaptive and historical genetic divergence between dwarf and normal whitefish. This study exemplifies how the integration of genetic and transcriptomic data offers a strong means for dissecting the functional genomic response to selection by separating mapping family-specific effects from genetic factors under selection, potentially involved in the phenotypic divergence of natural populations.
    Genetics 08/2008; 179(4):1903-17. · 4.01 Impact Factor