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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: Glomerulonephritis is an important extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HBV and HCV infection may be occult, and they are often overlooked by both patients and doctors. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of HBV and HCV infection in glomerulonephritis patients with undetectable HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibody in serum. METHODS: The HBsAg, the HBV core antigen (HBcAg), and the HCV antigen were detected using immunohistochemistry in frozen renal tissues of 500 glomerulonephritis patients without serological evidence of HBV and HCV infection. Electron microscopy was used to trace the virus particles, and clinicopathological features were also reviewed. RESULTS: HBsAg or HBcAg was positive in nine out of 500 cases (9/500, 1.8%). Three cases were HBsAg-positive and another six cases were HBcAg-positive. The HCV antigen was found in eight cases (8/500, 1.6%). There was one case of HBV and HCV co-infection (1/500, 0.2%). Under electron microscopy, virus particles were found in the base membrane and cytoplasm of endotheliocytes in the glomerulus. The most common clinical manifestation was nephrotic syndrome (9/18), followed by nephritic syndrome (7/18). Membranous nephropathy was the most common pathological diagnosis (5/18), followed by mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (4/18) and IgA nephropathy (4/18). CONCLUSIONS: Occult HBV and HCV infection might be implicated in HBV- or HCV-associated glomerulonephritis. More attention should be focused on the underlying cause.
International journal of infectious diseases: IJID: official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 03/2013; · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness of an interferon administration on different genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro, we transfected plasmids carrying different HBV genotypes including recently identified new genotype I into HepG2 and HuH-7cells, then treated with standard interferon alpha (IFN-α); In vivo, we treated mice with pegylated interferon alpha (Peg-IFN-α) after injection with HBV DNA of different genotypes. The culture supernatants from cell culture and sera from mice were collected and used in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) assays by ELISA and HBV DNA measurement by PCR. RESULTS: Both in cell culture and in mouse model, it was observed that HBV genotypes A and B exhibited significantly better response to IFN-α2a or Peg-IFN-α2a in terms of reduced expression of HBsAg, HBeAg and the HBV DNA level as compared to HBV genotypes C and D. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of IFN-α2a or Peg-IFN-α2a on HBV genotype I was greater than on genotype C or D, but less than genotype A. However, there was no significant response difference between genotypes A and B, C and D, B and I, respectively. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of IFN/Peg-IFN to suppress HBV replication is dependent on different HBV genotypes. IFN/Peg-IFN is more effective on HBV genotype A or B than on genotype C, D or I. Treatment regimens are suggested to be adapted to HBV genotype.
Virus Research 11/2012; · 2.94 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Approximately 40% of patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) develop Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) after 4 to 6 weeks of subcutaneous hemorrhaging. Immunoglobulin-A nephropathy (IgAN) and HSPN have numerous similarities, which can cause difficulty in correctly diagnosing the disorder during a differential diagnosis. The pathogenesis of the 2 diseases is not clear. We enrolled 137 patients with HSPN, 107 patients with IgAN, and 28 healthy (control) patients in our study. The levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), c-Met, and Gal-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in the 3 patient groups were determined and compared. The α-SMA, c-Met, and Gd-IgA1 levels and the clinical data from the patients with HSPN were analyzed for any correlations. The α-SMA and c-Met levels of the HSPN group were significantly higher than those of the IgAN and healthy control groups (P < 0.01). The Gd-IgA1 levels of the HSPN and IgAN groups were significantly different from the Gd-IgA1 level of the healthy control group (P < 0.01). The α-SMA levels of the HSPN group were positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen levels, serum creatinine levels, hematuria index, and proteinuria levels (P < 0.01). The c-Met levels of the HSPN group were positively correlated with the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences among the α-SMA, c-Met, and Gd-IgA1 levels or the clinical data for the child and adult patients with HSPN. The serum levels of α-SMA and c-Met in patients with HSPN may be associated with the degree of disease severity. Gd-IgA1 is involved in the common immunologic pathogenesis of HSPN and IgAN.
Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 10/2012;
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of HBV markers on HBV-GN. METHODS: The immunohistochemistry was used to detect HBsAg and HBcAg in frozen sections of renal biopsy, the changes in HBV serum markers, renal functional parameters and clinical manifestations or symptoms were observed to analyze renal damage. RESULTS: Using renal biopsy data from 329 cases, this study found that the most common pathological subtype in HBV-GN was mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) (24.9%, P <0.05), and 29.4% of patients who show serological HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc positive developed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) (P <0.05). The immunohistochemistry was used to detect HBsAg and HBcAg in frozen sections.50% of HBsAg and HBcAg deposits was observed in the glomeruli of MPGN patients, while 36.6% of HBsAg and 43.9% of HBcAg deposited in the glomeruli of MsPGN patients. The deposits of HBsAg and HBcAg in glomeruli were directly correlated with IgA, IgG, IgM and C3 deposits. In addition, cases with a moderate to severe decrease as reflected by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were predominantly patients with MPGN (31.6%, P <0.05) or MsPGN (21.1%, P <0.05). Patients who were serological HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc positive or HBsAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc positive mainly exhibited urine and renal parameter changes. CONCLUSION: Examination of HBV markers in serum and renal biopsy will be useful for clinicians to predict the renal damage in early stage when it is reversible in HBV-GN.
Virology Journal 09/2012; 9(1):200. · 2.34 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is prevalent among both children and adults. Illumination of the differences between them is important for clinical doctors.
We retrospectively compared clinicopathological features in 110 children and 908 adults with IgAN.
The male to female ratio was 1.62:1 in children and 0.85:1 in adults. Most patients lacked triggers, but IgAN was preceded by upper respiratory infection (URI) in 45.5% of children and 20.2% of adults. Gross hematuria was the most common initial symptom in children (53.6%), especially in those associated with URI (82.0%), while other symptoms and abnormal laboratory parameters were more common in adults. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was higher in children than in adults. Co-deposition of IgA and C3 were found in 50.9% of children, while IgA deposit was often accompanied by two or more immune complexes in adults. The frequency of subclass I was significantly higher in children than in adults. Mild histological lesions were more common in pediatric IgAN patients associated with URI than other patients.
Pediatric patients showed relatively mild clinical manifestations and histological lesions compared with adult patients. URI was the most important trigger for IgAN, particularly in children. IgAN associated with URI was relatively mild.
Pediatric Nephrology 05/2012; 27(8):1293-300. · 2.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study explored the importance of hepatitis B virus infection in cholangiocarcinoma pathogenesis in northern China. The clinical data of 66 patients with cholangiocarcinoma were analyzed. The hepatitis B virus gene was amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction, and the hepatitis B virus-related antigen was detected using immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 23) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 43). Hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity was found in 52.2% (12/23) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases and 13.9% (6/43) of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases. Hepatitis B virus DNA (X region) was detectable in 34.8% (8/23) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases. Hepatitis B surface antigen and/or hepatitis B core antigen was detectable in 30.4% (7/23) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases. All cases with detected viral protein were also positive for hepatitis B virus DNA. In contrast, no hepatitis B virus antigens or hepatitis B virus gene was detected in any of the 43 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases. Our findings strongly suggest that chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a significant risk factor for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, but not for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, in northern China. Hepatitis B virus infection is potentially independently associated with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Human pathology 07/2011; 43(1):56-61. · 3.03 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although impaired gastrointestinal motility from gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis (GCPM) causes extraordinary pain, its cause is unclear. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are apparently pacemaker cells, and their loss could cause motor dysfunction. In this study, we developed a mouse model for GCPM, and investigated electrophysiological changes in the small intestine and attendant changes in ICC. We found decreased ICC and disrupted electrical rhythm in the model. Pathologic ICC changes were well described. Cancer peritoneal metastasis may impair intestinal myoelectrical activity by damaging ICC and ICC networks. Interstitial cells of Cajal will be a target of palliative treatment and merit further study.
Clinical and Experimental Metastasis 03/2011; 28(3):291-9. · 3.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the effect of HBV on the proliferative ability of host cells and explore the potential mechanism.
MTT, colony formation assay and tumourigenicity in nude mice were performed to investigate the effect of HBV on the proliferative capability of host cells. In order to explore the potential mechanism, cell cycle and apoptosis were analysed. The cell cycle genes controlling the G1/S phase transition were detected by immunohistochemistry, westernblot and RT-PCR.
HepG2.2.15 cells showed decreased proliferation ability compared to HepG2 cells. G1 phase arrest was the main cause but was not associated with apoptosis. p53, p21 and total retinoblastoma (Rb) were determined to be up-regulated, whereas cyclinE was down-regulated at both the protein and mRNA levels in HepG2.2.15 cells. The phosphorylated Rb in HepG2.2.15 cells was decreased.
Our results suggested that HBV inhibited the capability of proliferation of HepG2.2.15 cells by regulating cell cycle genes expression and inducing G1 arrest.
Virology Journal 01/2011; 8:231. · 2.34 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Here, we aimed to determine whether immunoglobulin-A nephropathy (IgAN) could be induced in Balb/c mice by immunizing them with a fusion protein (MBP-20 peptide) comprising the maltose-binding protein (MBP) and a 20-amino-acid peptide derived from Staphylococcus aureus. A recombinant plasmid encoding the fusion protein was constructed and expressed in bacterial cells. The synthetic 20-peptide was used to prepare the monoclonal antibody. Balb/c mice were immunized with the MBP-20-peptide fusion protein over a 21-week course before renal histology was examined at the light and electron microscopic levels. Direct immunofluorescence staining with the anti-20-peptide monoclonal antibody was also performed using renal biopsy tissue from human IgAN patients as a comparison. IgA and IgG specific for the 20-peptide in human and mice serum were detected. The IgAN experimental mice developed a clinical and pathological profile that closely resembled that of human IgAN patients, including the induction of hematuria and numerous histopathological features. Levels of IgA and IgG specific for the 20-peptide were significantly increased in serum from the IgAN experimental mice and IgAN patients compared with control mice and non-IgAN patients. In IgAN model mice, the anti-20-peptide antibody labeled glomeruli, while the antibody strongly labeled glomeruli and weakly labeled tubular epithelial cells in renal tissue from human IgAN patients. In conclusion, immunization with an MBP-20-peptide fusion protein is able to induce clinical and pathological features closely resembling IgAN in Balb/c mice, indicating a potentially useful role for the model in the study of IgAN and related diseases.
The Anatomical Record Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology 10/2010; 293(10):1729-37. · 1.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: beta-Ionone is a constituent of vegetables and fruits, and can induce apoptosis in some types of malignant cells. However, the mechanism of apoptosis in osteosarcoma (U2os) cells is currently unclear. In this study, we determined whether beta-ionone can induce apoptosis in U2os cells in vitro and which signal pathway(s) is involved. We found that beta-ionone inhibited cell proliferation in U2os cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and caused cell cycle arrest at the G1-S phase. TUNEL assay, DNA ladder and assessment of Caspase 3 activity showed that apoptosis was the determinant in the effects of beta-ionone. Furthermore, Expression of the p53 protein increased in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner according to immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting after beta-ionone treatment. In addition, beta-ionone upregulated Bax protein and downregulated Bcl2 protein which led to Bax translocation and cytochrome c release, subsequently activated Caspase 3, thus resulting in apoptosis. In summary, these data suggested that beta-ionone induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in U2os cells via a p53-dependent mitochondrial pathway.
Molecular Biology Reports 09/2009; 37(6):2653-63. · 2.93 Impact Factor
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Xiaobei Chen,
Rong Da, Xiaoming Jin,
Wuqi Song,
Xiaoguang Li,
Yingmei Fu,
Hong Ling,
Zhaohua Zhong,
Kenichi Yamamura,
Akinori Ishimoto,
Fengmin Zhang
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ABSTRACT: To investigate cross-species infectivity and pathogenesis of Friend murine leukemia virus (MuLV) in hamsters, we infected newborn Syrian hamsters with ecotropic Friend MuLV that was passaged in BALB/c mice for approximately 30 years. During acute infection, 39.5% of newborn Syrian hamsters developed severe growth interruption and weight loss, spleen atrophy, severe lymphocyte depletion, and massive viral antigen loads in the spleen. The lymph nodes and thymuses were observed in all diseased hamsters. Ecotropic Friend MuLV was rescued from the sera and spleen and heart extracts of the diseased hamsters, and the same disease was confirmed by induction of erythroleukemia in BALB/c mice. Our results demonstrate that an ecotropic MuLV after extended passage in vivo to infect hamster cells that are resistant to infection by wild type MuLV, causing pathologic lesions and a wasting syndrome in newborn hamsters in vivo. This may occur with variants of Friend MuLV that have lower infectivity in hamster cells and are not cleared by the immune system of newborn hamsters. These findings suggest the potential danger of the interspecies transmission and pathogenesis of heterologous retroviruses in humans.
Virus Research 01/2008; 130(1-2):281-4. · 2.94 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: With the help of computer image analysis system, we used the method of average positive stained area percentage APSAP to evaluate the slice immunohistochemistry result. Then we compared the evaluation result with the result of manual counting. Conformity between the two methods was verified. These data indicated that the method of was in accord with manual counting to a great extent. Moreover, the theory basis, advantages and disadvantages of the method were discussed in this paper.
Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi 07/2007; 24(3):650-3.
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ABSTRACT: We investigated the relationship of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) to p53 mutation in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) from six countries, including Japan, China, Korea, Vietnam, Spain, and the Unites States. For this purpose, we used formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver tissues obtained from 449 patients with HCC to detect the viral and p53 genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HBV was the most prevalent in Korea (69.1%), China (66.1%), Vietnam (60.5%), and Spain (38.6%). In contrast, HCV was the most prevalent in Japan (59.8%) and in the United States (41.5%). Type C of HBV was the most common genotype (78.6%) encountered in HCC in these countries. Importantly, among 125 intrahepatic HBV DNA-positive patients, 44 (35.2%) were serologically negative for HBsAg (occult hepatitis B). Based on PCR, immunohistochemical, serological, and clinical findings, 4.8% of HCC patients were diagnosed with non-B, non-C. A point mutation at exon 7 of p53 was detected in 20 of the 239 HCC samples examined, including those from 9 Chinese, 5 American, 2 Japanese, 2 Korean, and 2 Spanish patients, respectively. Interestingly, a point mutation with an amino acid substitution at codon 251 (Ile-->Asn) was detected frequently in 11 of 20 (55%) cases. A specific mutation induced by Aflatoxin B1 at codon 249 was seen in two patients, both Chinese. Our results suggest that genotype C of HBV may play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis in different geographic regions, and that in situ detection of HBV genomes could be important for clarifying the agent(s) of unknown etiology related to HCC.
Japanese journal of infectious diseases 02/2003; 56(1):12-8. · 1.49 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, the in vivo tumor suppression effects of Staphyococal enterotoxin B (SEB) and Chalone 19-peptide, a form of Tumstain with modified coding sequence, on poorly differentiated human gastric carcinoma cells were compared.
Animal model for studying human gastric carcinoma was established by injecting tumor cells (Human poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma cell line, SGC-7901) underneath the gastric serosa of BALB/c nude mice.
Results demonstrated that SEB induced tumor cell death on a large scale and destroyed surrounding normal tissue at the same time, leading to tumor cluster breaking down and seeding. SEB had no effect on lymphovascular metastasis. The administration of 19-peptide on gastric carcinoma resulted in sheets-like tumor central necrosis, decreased angiogenesis and a moderate tumor infiltration into surrounding tissue without distant metastasis. Therefore, both SEB and 19-peptide could suppress the local growth, distant metastasis and invasion of poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma cells into surrounding tissues.
Data suggested that this model could effectively simulate the microenvironment of human gastric carcinoma, hence providing a platform for study on this cancer.
Hepato-gastroenterology 56(89):270-5. · 0.66 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The binaphthol enantiomers separation process using simulation moving bed technology is simulated with the true moving bed approach (TMB). In order to systematically optimize the process with multiple productive objectives, this article develops a variant of tissue P system (TPS). Inspired by general tissue P systems, the special TPS has a tissue-like structure with several membranes. The key rules of each membrane are the communication rule and mutation rule. These characteristics contribute to the diversity of the population, the conquest of the multimodal of objective function, and the convergence of algorithm. The results of comparison with a popular algorithm—the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm 2(NSGA-2) illustrate that the new algorithm has satisfactory performance. Using the algorithm, this study maximizes synchronously several conflicting objectives, purities of different products, and productivity.
Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering.
