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ABSTRACT: To study the agreement among three distinct criteria for metabolic syndrome (MS) adapted to adolescents, and to identify associated factors for MS.
Cross-sectional study with 65 obese subjects aged 10 to 18 years, attended to at the Outpatient Clinic for Obese Children and Adolescents at the Clinical Hospital of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). MS was defined using the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Clinical, anthropometrical, and laboratorial data were associated to MS.
From the 65 subjects, none had MS according to the WHO criteria, while 18 were diagnosed with MS (27.6%) according to the IDF, and 19 (29.2%) according to the ATP III. Agreement between IDF and ATP III was excellent (kappa 81%). In this study, puberty and triglycerides levels showed significant statistical difference when comparing subjects with and without MS, the first for ATP III (p = 0.03), and the second for IDF (p = 0.005) and ATP III (p = 0.001) criteria.
The WHO criteria does not seem to be adequate for adolescents. IDF and ATP III criteria had an excellent agreement. Puberty and triglycerides were associated with MS.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 02/2013; 59(1):64-71. · 0.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To study children and adolescents victims of domestic violence treated at the Referenced Pediatric Emergency Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas and its specialized outpatient clinic between January 2003 and December 2007, emphasizing sexual abuse.
The variables gender, age, origin, and classification were studied. For victims of sexual abuse, the following variables were also studied: type of abuse (rape), location (domestic/urban), duration (acute/chronic), perpetrator (known, incestuous), alterations at medical examination, notification to child protection agencies, and antiretroviral medication and serology (HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C). Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of abuse and type of perpertrator and they were associated with gender, age, and duration. For the comparison, chi-squared or Fisher's exact test were performed (significance p < 0.05), as well as raw prevalence odds ratio.
Of the total cases of abuse (551), neglect (33.9%) and sexual abuse (31.9%) predominated; the victims were female in 55.9% of the cases, and 50% were up to 5 years of age. Of the sexual abuse cases (95), 80% were female, and 58.9% were between 5 and 10 years of age. Rape was observed in 39% and indecent assault in 59.6%; 72.6% occurred in the domestic area, 81.1% by known perpetrator; 31.6% were incestuous, 47.4% were chronic, and 76.5% had no clinical alterations. 81.1% were referred to child protection agencies. Antiretroviral medication was prescribed to 49.1% of patients, and serological tests (HIV in 46 [48.4%], syphilis in 42 [44.2%], hepatitis B in 44 [46.3%] and hepatitis C in 45 [47.4%]%), all of which were negative, were more frequent in rape victims (p = 0.00). There was an association between rape and age (10 and 15 years, p = 0.01) and between incestuous perpetrator and chronic duration (p = 0.01).
Although this study does not reflect reality, it can be used as a warning to pediatricians.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 08/2012; 58(4):465-71. · 0.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To verify the prevalence of obesity, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), waist circumference and acanthosis nigricans (AN) in school children from Sorocaba, in 2009 and associate them with risk factors.
A probabilistic sample study was carried out with 680 children (7-11 years) from 13 public schools from the city of Sorocaba, SP. A questionnaire containing questions on physical activity, time spent watching television, playing with video games and computers (TV/VG/PC), student and parental antecedents of arterial hypertension, renal or cardiac disease, and economic level was applied. On physical examination, weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) were measured; presence of AN was observed. The prevalence of nutritional disorders, SAH, WC increase and presence of AN were calculated. To associate body mass index (BMI) > P85 and BP > P90 with the other variables, chi square or Fisher's exact test (significance p < 0.05) and crude and adjusted prevalence odds ratio (POR) were used.
The prevalence of BMI > P85 was 22.1% [95% CI: 19.0-25.3%], of BP > P90 10.9% [95% CI: 8.6- 13.5%], increased WC 15.4% [95% CI: 12.9-17.9%] and AN 3.8% [95% CI: 2.6-5.6%]. Paternal antecedents were associated with weight excess in both analysis (POR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.05-2.95; p = 0.02). High blood pressure was associated with female sex (POR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.12-3.23; p = 0.01), more time spent with TV/VG/PC (POR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.00-3.36; p = 0.03), AN (POR: 8.18; 95% CI: 3.37-19.80; p < 0.00), obesity (POR: 4.09; 95% CI: 2.41-6.94; p < 0.00) and WC (POR: 4.83; 95% CI: 2.77-8.41; p < 0.00). After the multivariate analysis, the female sex (adjusted POR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.17-3.93) and obesity (adjusted POR = 9.51; 95% CI: 4.77-18.97) remained.
The prevalence of weight excess, SAH, increased WC and AN in these school children was relevant. This fact justifies the use of these measurements.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 12/2011; 57(6):674-80. · 0.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To describe the clinical manifestations and bronchoscopic treatment of foreign body aspiration in children under 14 years of age, correlating the clinical aspects with the bronchoscopic findings.
A retrospective, descriptive study analyzing data related to children under 14 years of age undergoing bronchoscopy due to clinical suspicion of foreign body aspiration at the State University at Campinas Hospital das Clinicas from January of 2000 to December of 2005.
The sample consisted of 69 patients, ranging in age from 8 months to 12 years/7 months (75.4% under 3 years of age), 62.3% of whom were male. The principal complaint was sudden-onset cough (75.4%), auscultation was abnormal in 74%, and dyspnea was observed in 29%. Radiological abnormalities were seen in 88% of the cases. Aspirations were primarily into the right lung (54.8%), and 30.7% of the foreign bodies were of vegetal origin (principally beans and peanuts). In the follow-up period, 29% presented complications (most commonly pneumonia), which were found to be associated with longer aspiration time (p = 0.03). Mechanical ventilation was required in 7 children (10.1%), and multiple bronchoscopies were performed in 5 (7.2%).
A history of sudden-onset choking and cough, plus abnormal auscultation and radiological findings, characterizes the profile of foreign body aspiration. In such cases, bronchoscopy is indicated. Longer aspiration time translates to a higher the risk of complications. The high prevalence of foreign bodies of vegetal origin underscores the relevance of prevention programs aimed at children younger than 3 years of age.
Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia: publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia 03/2008; 34(2):74-82.
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the secular trends in height, weight and weight/height of schoolchildren from the city of Paulínia, São Paulo, Brazil between 1979/80 and 1993/94.
Anthropometric measurements (height, weight and weight/height) of 1,903 children (6.5-12.5 y); 51.5% M: 48.5% F, from Paulínia public schools were compared with data from a previous study carried out in the same city 15 years earlier. Decade increments were calculated and data was smoothed by the technique of means and medians (3H3H3).
Height and weight mean values were always greater than those of the previous study, with positive increments. Height increments ranged from 1.13 to 5.0 cm in boys and from 1.2 to 4.33 cm in girls. Weight increments ranged from 0.53 to 4.13 kg in males and from 0.87 to 3.0 kg in females. In the two studies, weight/height means were very similar for both genders.
Increments in height and weight during this period are an indicator of development on the economical and health levels. A positive secular trend was also observed in developed countries after the 2nd World War and in the Brazilian people.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 50(4):386-90. · 0.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Body mass index (BMI) has been considered a criterion to define and analyse obesity in adults and children.
the purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between BMI and triceps skinfold (TSF).
there were studied 4,236 children (3.1-10.9y); 48.3%M:51.6%F, from four studies made in Paul nia, SP-Brazil. Height, weight and TSF (Holtain caliper) were measured. For each children BMI was calculated and transformed in SDS, according to North American data (Frisancho, 1993). Multiple linear regression analysis (stepwise) was used for the whole population and in three groups according to BMI: A) SDS < or = -1.0; B) -1.0 < SDS< 1.0) SDS(3) 1.0. Data were processed with SPSS software.
in group A, the TSF (7.8 +/- 2.3) variability was lower when compared with the groups B (10.1 +/- 4.0) and C (17.8 +/- 6.2). In multiple linear regression with the whole population, R = 0.478 for TSF. In groups B and C, R = 0.364 and 0.368 respectively for TSF, and in group A it was only 0.032.
these observations demonstrated a height correlation between BMI and TSF in children with obesity risk (group C). Therefore, we conclude that, in Brazil BMI can be used for children's research of obesity in population studies, instead of TSF.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 49(2):137-40. · 0.77 Impact Factor
