Ellen Elizabeth Yard

Publications (2)3.59 Total impact

• Article: Injuries sustained by pediatric ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey athletes presenting to United States emergency departments, 1990-2003.

  Ellen Elizabeth Yard, R Dawn Comstock
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  ABSTRACT: Ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey are increasingly popular sports among US youth athletes, but no authors to date have compared injuries in male and female pediatric (ages 2 through 18 years) participants. To compare patterns of injury among pediatric ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey players. A descriptive analysis of all pediatric (ages 2 through 18 years) ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey injuries captured by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Setting: US Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Children with ice hockey, lacrosse, or field hockey injuries presenting to emergency departments participating in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. We reviewed all ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey injuries captured by the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System and categorized them by sex, age, injury site, and injury diagnosis. An estimated 321 237 pediatric participants in ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey presented to US emergency departments from 1990 through 2003. The injured were primarily male (74.4%) and aged 10 through 18 years (95.4%). Ice hockey accounted for more injuries (53.6%) than lacrosse (26.5%) or field hockey (19.9%). Children aged 2 through 9 years sustained twice the proportion of head and face injuries (53.1%) as children aged 10 through 18 years (23.2%) (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 2.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.94 to 2.62). Males incurred a higher proportion of shoulder and upper arm injuries (14.1%) than females (3.1%) (IRR = 4.51, 95% CI = 3.07 to 6.62). The proportion of concussion was higher in ice hockey players (3.9%) than in field hockey players (1.4%) (IRR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.17 to 6.46). Females in lacrosse had twice the proportion of facial injuries (20.9%) as males (10.5%) (IRR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.46 to 2.60). In all sports, the ball or puck caused a greater proportion of face injuries in females than in males (IRR = 2.48, 95% CI = 2.03 to 3.05). Facial injuries from falls occurred in higher proportions in ice hockey players (10.6%) than in lacrosse (2.4%) (IRR = 4.32, 95% CI = 1.53 to 12.18) and field hockey (0.4%) players (IRR = 28.38, 95% CI = 6.71 to 120.01). Pediatric ice hockey, lacrosse, and field hockey injuries differed by age and sport and, within each sport, by sex. An understanding of sport-specific patterns of injury should assist coaches and certified athletic trainers in developing targeted preventive interventions.
  Journal of athletic training 41(4):441-9. · 1.80 Impact Factor
• Article: Injuries sustained by rugby players presenting to United States emergency departments, 1978 through 2004.

  Ellen Elizabeth Yard, R Dawn Comstock
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  ABSTRACT: Context: Although the United States has nearly 60 000 rugby players, to date no nationally representative rugby injury studies have been conducted. Objective: To describe rugby players with injuries presenting to a representative sample of US emergency departments from 1978 through 2004. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: US Consumer Products Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Patients or Other Participants: Rugby players presenting to emergency departments in participating hospitals from October 1, 1978, through December 31, 2004. Main Outcome Measure(s): We reviewed all rugby players with injuries captured by the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System and categorized them by sex, age, injury site, and injury diagnosis. Results: An estimated 236 539 rugby players presented to US emergency departments from 1978 through 2004. Injured athletes tended to be male (87.2%) and older than 18 years of age (86.0%). The face (20.5%), shoulder (14.1%), head (11.5%), and ankle (9.1%) were the most frequently injured sites. Strain/sprain (24.3%), laceration (22.1%), fracture (18.7%), and contusion/abrasion (16.6%) were the most common diagnoses. Males presented with more face injuries (injury proportion ratio [IPR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.54-2.72, P < .001) and more lacerations (IPR = 4.23, 95% CI = 2.87-6.22, P < .001) and dislocations (IPR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.51-3.13, P < .001). Females presented with more knee injuries (IPR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.36-2.06, P < .001) and more contusions/abrasions (IPR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.14-1.92, P < .001) and strains/sprains (IPR = 1.39, 95% = CI 1.16-1.67, P < .001). Those 18 years of age or younger presented with more concussions (IPR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.06-2.50, P < .001), while those over 18 presented with more lacerations (IPR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.30-2.57, P < .001). In males, fractures were more common among those 18 years of age or younger (IPR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.24-1.75, P < .001). Conclusions: Rugby injury patterns in the United States differed by age and sex. Understanding such patterns should assist certified athletic trainers in developing targeted preventive interventions.
  Journal of athletic training 41(3):325-31. · 1.80 Impact Factor