M. Nouri

Publications of M. Nouri

• The Effect of Gentamicin Sulfate on Plasma Glucose Concentrations Post Suckling of Milk in Holstein Calves

  Authors: Arash Omidi, Gh. Khadjeh, M. Nouri, M.R. Hajikolaee

  International Journal of Pharmacology. 05/2006; 2:643-646.

  bstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gentamicin sulfate on plasma glucose concentrations after suckling of 2 L of whole cow milk in healthy calves. Five malebstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gentamicin sulfate on plasma glucose concentrations after suckling of 2 L of whole cow milk in healthy calves. Five male Holstein-Friesian calves (3 to 7 days of age) were given one of the following treatments in random order: Control, 2 mL of NaCl IM; gentamicin, 6.6 mg kg-1 IM and gentamicin, 4.4 mg kg-1 IM. Serial plasma glucose concentrations were measured at baseline and during 8 h after suckling. During the first 30 min plasma glucose concentrations was lower in gentamicin (p<0.05) group compared to placebo. We proposed that the lower glucose concentrations after gentamicin administration is due to slowing the abomasal emptying rate, post normally consumed milk. Most of diarrheic calves with hypoglycemia have stasis in gastrointestinal motility and gentamicin may be of no benefit as part of treatment and probably exacerbates critical condition in them.

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• Effect of erythromycin and gentamicin on abomasal emptying rate in suckling calves.

  Authors: M Nouri, M R Hajikolaee, P D Constable, A Omidi

  Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 22(1):196-201.

  BACKGROUND: Commonly used dosage protocols for antimicrobial agents may alter the rate of gastric emptying. HYPOTHESIS: Parenteral administration of erythromycin increases and gentamicin decreasesBACKGROUND: Commonly used dosage protocols for antimicrobial agents may alter the rate of gastric emptying. HYPOTHESIS: Parenteral administration of erythromycin increases and gentamicin decreases the rate of abomasal emptying. ANIMALS: Five male Holstein-Friesian calves (8-15 days of age). METHODS: Calves received each of the following 4 IM treatments in random order: control, 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl; erythromycin, 8.8 mg/kg; low-dose gentamicin, 4.4 mg/kg; high-dose gentamicin, 6.6 mg/kg. Abomasal emptying rate was assessed by acetaminophen and glucose absorption. Calves were fed 2 L of cow's milk containing acetaminophen (50 mg/kg body weight) 30 minutes after each treatment was administered, and jugular venous blood samples were obtained periodically after suckling. The maximum observed plasma acetaminophen concentration (actual C(max)) and time of actual C(max) (actual T(max)) were determined, and pharmacokinetic modeling was used to calculate model C(max) and model T(max). RESULTS: Erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate, as indicated by a shorter time to actual T(max) and model T(max) (P < .05). Abomasal emptying rate after injection of low-dose gentamicin was similar to that of control. Administration of high-dose gentamicin resulted in a longer time to actual T(max) (P= .021) but did not change model T(max) (P= .62). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: IM injection of erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate in dairy calves, whereas low-dose and high-dose gentamicin did not alter the rate of abomasal emptying as measured by acetaminophen kinetics and glucose absorption. The clinical relevance of these findings remains to be determined.

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