-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives:Follow-up studies have suggested that total intake of trans fatty acids (TFA) is a risk factor for gain in body weight and waist circumference (WC). However, in a cross-sectional study individual TFA isomers in adipose tissue had divergent associations with anthropometry. Our objective was to investigate the association between intake of TFA from ruminant dairy and meat products and subsequent changes in weight and WC. Furthermore, potential effect modification by sex, age, body mass index and WC at baseline was investigated.Subjects/Methods:Data on weight, WC, habitual diet and lifestyle were collected at baseline in a Danish cohort of 30 851 men and women aged 50-64 years. Follow-up information on weight and WC was collected 5 years after enrolment. The associations between intake of ruminant TFA (R-TFA) and changes in weight and WC were analysed using multiple linear regression with cubic spline modelling.Results:Intake of R-TFA, both absolute and energy-adjusted intake, was significantly associated with weight change. Inverse associations were observed at lower intakes with a levelling-off at intakes >1.2 g/day and 0.4 energy percentage (E %). Absolute, but not energy-adjusted, intake of R-TFA was significantly associated with WC change. An inverse association was observed at lower intakes with a plateau above an intake of 1.2 g/day.Conclusions:The present study suggests that intake of R-TFA is weakly inversely associated with changes in weight, whereas no substantial association with changes in WC was found.
European journal of clinical nutrition 07/2012; 66(10):1104-9. · 3.07 Impact Factor
-
M M Bergmann,
M Schütze,
A Steffen,
H Boeing,
J Halkjaer,
A Tjonneland,
N Travier,
A Agudo,
N Slimani,
S Rinaldi, [......],
D Palli,
S Grioni,
P Vineis,
S Panico,
R Tumino,
E Riboli,
N J Wareham,
B Bueno-de-Mesquita,
A May,
P H M Peeters
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The relation between lifetime use of alcohol and measures of abdominal and general adiposity is unknown.
Among 99,381 men and 158,796 women of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, means of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI), and odds ratios (OR) for a larger WC than predicted for a given BMI (WClp=positive residuals of gender specific linear regression of BMI on WC) across categories of average lifetime use of alcohol (total, from wine and from beer) were calculated, all adjusted for socio-demographic, lifestyle and health factors.
WC, WHR and BMI in men using lifetime ≤6 g/d alcohol were 95.1 cm, 0.942 and 27.3 kg/m(2), and 96.2 cm, 0.961 and 28.3 kg/m(2) when using >96 g/d. WC and WHR in women was 83.2 cm and 0.813 for ≤6 g/d, and 84.6 cm and 0.830 for >60 g/d, whereas BMI deviated only slightly with the lowest BMI (26.7 kg/m(2)) observed for >6-24 g/d. Compared with ≤6 g/d, OR for a WClp in both genders increased steadily across categories of alcohol use (up to 1.40 (95% confidence interval 1.32, 1.49) in men using >60 g/d and 1.63 (1.54, 1.73) in women using >24 g/d), though increase was higher for alcohol from beer than from wine (P for difference between beer and wine<0.001 (men) and=0.002 (women)).
Lifetime alcohol use is positively related to abdominal and general adiposity in men, possibly following the male weight gain pattern; in women, it is positively related only to abdominal adiposity. In this context, beer may contribute additionally to abdominal adiposity.
European journal of clinical nutrition 05/2011; 65(10):1079-87. · 3.07 Impact Factor
-
M M Bergmann,
M Sch|[uuml]|tze,
A Steffen,
H Boeing,
J Halkjaer,
A Tjonneland,
N Travier,
A Agudo,
N Slimani,
S Rinaldi, [......],
D Palli,
S Grioni,
P Vineis,
S Panico,
R Tumino,
E Riboli,
N J Wareham,
B Bueno-de-Mesquita,
A May,
P H M Peeters
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: The relation between lifetime use of alcohol and measures of abdominal and general adiposity is unknown.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 05/2011; 65(10):1079-1087. · 2.46 Impact Factor
-
A Naska,
P Orfanos,
A Trichopoulou,
A M May,
K Overvad, M U Jakobsen,
A Tjønneland,
J Halkjær,
G Fagherazzi,
F Clavel-Chapelon, [......],
K-T Khaw,
N J Wareham,
E A Spencer,
H Freisling,
N Slimani,
A-C Vergnaud,
T Mouw,
D Romaguera,
A Odysseos,
P H M Peeters
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to examine the association of body mass index (BMI) and weight gain with eating at restaurants and similar establishments or eating at work among 10 European countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
This study included a representative sample of 24,310 randomly selected EPIC participants.
Single 24-h dietary recalls with information on the place of consumption were collected using standardized procedures between 1995 and 2000. Eating at restaurants was defined to include all eating and drinking occasions at restaurants, cafeterias, bars and fast food outlets. Eating at work included all eating and drinking occasions at the workplace. Associations between eating at restaurants or eating at work and BMI or annual weight changes were assessed using sex-specific linear mixed-effects models, controlling for potential confounders.
In southern Europe energy intake at restaurants was higher than intake at work, whereas in northern Europe eating at work appeared to contribute more to the mean daily intake than eating at restaurants. Cross-sectionally, eating at restaurants was found to be positively associated with BMI only among men (β=+0.24, P=0.003). Essentially no association was found between BMI and eating at work among both genders. In a prospective analysis among men, eating at restaurants was found to be positively, albeit nonsignificantly, associated with weight gain (β=+0.05, P=0.368). No association was detected between energy intake at restaurants and weight changes, controlling for total energy intake.
Among men, eating at restaurants and similar establishments was associated with higher BMI and possibly weight gain.
International journal of obesity (2005) 03/2011; 35(3):416-26. · 4.34 Impact Factor
-
J Halkjær,
A Olsen,
K Overvad, M U Jakobsen,
H Boeing,
B Buijsse,
D Palli,
G Tognon,
H Du,
D L van der A,
N G Forouhi,
N J Wareham,
E J M Feskens,
T I A Sørensen,
A Tjønneland
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: As protein is considered to increase thermogenesis and satiety more than other macronutrients, it may have beneficial effects on prevention of weight gain and weight maintenance.
The objective of this study is to assess the association between the amount and type of dietary protein, and subsequent changes in weight and waist circumference (WC).
89,432 men and women from five countries participating in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) were followed for a mean of 6.5 years. Associations between the intake of protein or subgroups of protein (from animal and plant sources) and changes in weight (g per year) or WC (cm per year) were investigated using gender and centre-specific multiple regression analyses. Adjustments were made for other baseline dietary factors, baseline anthropometrics, demographic and lifestyle factors and follow-up time. We used random effect meta-analyses to obtain pooled estimates across centres.
Higher intake of total protein, and protein from animal sources was associated with subsequent weight gain for both genders, strongest among women, and the association was mainly attributable to protein from red and processed meat and poultry rather than from fish and dairy sources. There was no overall association between intake of plant protein and subsequent changes in weight. No clear overall associations between intakes of total protein or any of the subgroups and changes in WC were present. The associations showed some heterogeneity between centres, but pooling of estimates was still considered justified.
A high intake of protein was not found associated with lower weight or waist gain in this observational study. In contrast, protein from food items of animal origin, especially meat and poultry, seemed to be positively associated with long-term weight gain. There were no clear associations for waist changes.
International journal of obesity (2005) 12/2010; 35(8):1104-13. · 4.34 Impact Factor
-
M C Ocké,
N Larrañaga,
S Grioni,
S W van den Berg,
P Ferrari,
S Salvini,
V Benetou,
J Linseisen,
E Wirfält,
S Rinaldi, [......],
C L Parr,
M J Tormo,
M J Sanchez,
J Manjer,
V Hellstrom,
A Mulligan,
E A Spencer,
E Riboli,
S Bingham,
N Slimani
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To describe energy intake and its macronutrient and food sources among 27 regions in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects aged 35-74 years were administered a standardized 24-h dietary recall. Intakes of macronutrients (g/day) and energy (kcal/day) were estimated using standardized national nutrient databases. Mean intakes were weighted by season and day of the week and were adjusted for age, height and weight, after stratification by gender. Extreme low- and high-energy reporters were identified using Goldberg's cutoff points (ratio of energy intake and estimated basal metabolic rate <0.88 or >2.72), and their effects on macronutrient and energy intakes were studied.
Low-energy reporting was more prevalent in women than in men. The exclusion of extreme-energy reporters substantially lowered the EPIC-wide range in mean energy intake from 2196-2877 to 2309-2866 kcal among men. For women, these ranges were 1659-2070 and 1873-2108 kcal. There was no north-south gradient in energy intake or in the prevalence of low-energy reporting. In most centres, cereals and cereal products were the largest contributors to energy intake. The food groups meat, dairy products and fats and oils were also important energy sources. In many centres, the highest mean energy intakes were observed on Saturdays.
These data highlight and quantify the variations and similarities in energy intake and sources of energy intake among 10 European countries. The prevalence of low-energy reporting indicates that the study of energy intake is hampered by the problem of underreporting.
European journal of clinical nutrition 11/2009; 63 Suppl 4:S3-15. · 3.07 Impact Factor
-
J Linseisen,
A A Welch,
M Ocké,
P Amiano,
C Agnoli,
P Ferrari,
E Sonestedt,
V Chajès,
H B Bueno-de-Mesquita,
R Kaaks, [......], M U Jakobsen,
K T Khaw,
F Crowe,
C Georgila,
G Misirli,
M Niravong,
M Touvier,
S Bingham,
E Riboli,
N Slimani
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper describes the dietary intake of total fat, saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and cholesterol of participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) in 27 centres across 10 countries.
Between 1995 and 2000, a stratified random sample of 36 034 participants (age range 35-74 years) completed a standardized 24-h dietary recall, assessed by means of the computer software EPIC-SOFT. Lipid intake data were calculated using a standardized nutrient database.
On average, the contribution of fat to total energy intake was >or=34% of energy intake (%en) in women and >or=36%en in men for most EPIC centres, except for the British, Dutch and most Italian cohorts. Total fat (>40%en) and MUFA intakes (21%en, mainly from olive oil) were highest in Greece. Except for the Greek, Spanish and Italian centres, the average MUFA intake ranged between 10 and 13%en, with a high proportion derived from animal sources. SFA intake in women and men was lowest in the Greek, Spanish, Italian and UK cohorts with an average of <or=13%en (down to 9%en), and highest in the Swedish centres (16%en). The mean PUFA intake was in the range of 4-8%en, being highest in the UK health-conscious cohort. The average cholesterol intake across EPIC varied from 140 to 384 mg/d in women and 215-583 mg/d in men.
The presented data show differences and similarities in lipid intake across the European EPIC cohorts and also show differences in food sources of dietary lipids.
European journal of clinical nutrition 11/2009; 63 Suppl 4:S61-80. · 3.07 Impact Factor
-
H Du,
D L van der A,
M M E van Bakel,
N Slimani,
N G Forouhi,
N J Wareham,
J Halkjaer,
A Tjønneland, M U Jakobsen,
K Overvad,
M B Schulze,
B Buijsse,
H Boeing,
D Palli,
G Masala,
T I A Sørensen,
W H M Saris,
E J M Feskens
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To investigate whether dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) were associated with subsequent weight and waist circumference change.
Population-based prospective cohort study.
Five European countries, which are Denmark, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
A total of 89,432 participants, aged 20-78 years (mean =53 years) at baseline and followed for 1.9-12.5 years (mean=6.5 years). All participants were free of self-reported cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes at baseline.
Glycaemic index and GL were calculated on the basis of dietary intake assessed by food frequency questionnaires and by using a GI table developed for this study with published GI values as the main sources. Anthropometric data were collected both at baseline and at the end of follow-up. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted in each centre and random-effect meta-analyses were used to combine the effects. Adjustment was made for baseline anthropometrics, demographic and lifestyle factors, follow-up duration and other dietary factors.
Mean GI and GL were 57 and 134, respectively. Associations of GI and GL with subsequent changes of weight and waist circumference were heterogeneous across centres. Overall, with every 10-unit higher in GI, weight increased by 34 g per year (95% confidence interval (CI): -47, 115) and waist circumference increased by 0.19 cm per year (95% CI: 0.11, 0.27). With every 50-unit higher in GL, weight increased by 10 g per year (95% CI: -65, 85) and waist circumference increased by 0.06 cm per year (95% CI: -0.01, 0.13).
Our findings do not support an effect of GI or GL on weight change. The positively significant association between GI, not GL, and subsequent gain in waist circumference may imply a beneficial role of lower GI diets in the prevention of abdominal obesity. However, further studies are needed to confirm this finding given the small effect observed in this study.
International journal of obesity (2005) 09/2009; 33(11):1280-8. · 4.34 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: It has been hypothesized that visceral fat releases free fatty acids and adipokines and thereby exposes the liver to fat accumulation. The authors aimed to evaluate current epidemiologic evidence for an association between abdominal fat and liver fat content. Clinical and epidemiologic studies with data on abdominal fat and liver fat content were reviewed. Studies using waist circumference to estimate abdominal fat mass suggested a direct association between abdominal fat and liver fat content. Studies using imaging methods suggested a direct association between intraabdominal fat and liver fat content, but not between subcutaneous abdominal fat and liver fat content. In conclusion, clinical and epidemiologic studies of abdominal fat and liver fat content suggest a direct association between abdominal fat and liver fat content which is probably accounted for by visceral fat. However, results from the included studies do not allow strong conclusions regarding the temporal sequence of events. Future longitudinal studies are recommended to obtain additional information on associations and mechanisms. Both abdominal fat depots and other body compartments of interest should be included to further investigate the association between specific fat depots and liver fat content. Biomarkers may provide insight into underlying mechanisms.
Epidemiologic Reviews 02/2007; 29:77-87. · 7.58 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To estimate the intake of ruminant trans fatty acids (TFA) in the Danish population aged 1-80 years.
Descriptive study.
A sex- and age-stratified random sample drawn from the Danish Civil Registration System. A total of 3098 participants (51% female) aged 1-80 years were included. The participation was 66%. DIETARY INFORMATION: A 7-day dietary record.
The estimated median intake of ruminant TFA was 1.4 g/day with the 80% central range being from 0.9 to 2.1 among children aged 1-6 years and 1.6 g/day (1.0-2.4) among children aged 7-14 years. The median TFA intake was 1.8 g/day (0.9-2.9) among adults aged 15-29 years and among adults aged 30-80 years. The intake expressed as percentage of energy intake was 0.8, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.7, respectively. Dairy products were the main source of ruminant TFA.
The median intake of ruminant TFA in the Danish population aged 1-80 years is estimated to be 1.7 g/day (0.9-2.7), corresponding to 0.7% of energy intake (0.5-1.0), with dairy products being the main source of ruminant TFA.
The Danish Heart Foundation (Grants 02-2-9-8-22010 and 03-2-9-4-22087) and the Female Researchers in Joint Action (FREJA) programme from the Danish Medical Research Council.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 04/2006; 60(3):312-8. · 2.46 Impact Factor
-
B. Buijsse,
E.J.M. Feskens,
M B Schulze,
N.G. Forouchi,
N Wareham,
S Sharp,
D Palli,
G. Tognon,
J. Halkjaer,
A. Tjonneland, M.U. Jakobsen,
K. Overvad,
A.D,
H Du,
T. Sorensen,
H Boeing
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background: High fruit and vegetable intakes may limit weight gain, particularly in susceptible persons, such as those who stop smoking. Objective: The objective was to assess the association of fruit and vegetable intake with subsequent weight change in a large-scale prospective study. Design: The data used were from 89,432 men and women from 5 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). The association between fruit and vegetable intake and weight change after a mean follow-up of 6.5 y was assessed by linear regression. Polytomous logistic regression was used to evaluate whether fruit and vegetable intake relates to weight gain, weight loss, or both. Results: Per 100-g intake of fruit and vegetables, weight change was –14 g/y (95% CI: –19, –9 g/y). In those who stopped smoking during follow-up, this value was –37 g/y (95% CI: –58, –15 g/y; P for interaction < 0.0001). When weight gain and loss were analyzed separately per 100-g intake of fruit and vegetables in a combined model, the odds ratios (95% CIs) were 0.97 (0.95, 0.98) for weight gain 0.5 and <1 kg/y, 0.94 (0.92, 0.96) for weight gain 1 kg/y, and 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) for weight loss 0.5 kg/y. In those who stopped smoking during follow-up, the odds ratios (95% CIs) were 0.93 (0.88, 0.99), 0.87 (0.81, 0.92), and 0.97 (0.88, 1.07), respectively (P for interaction < 0.0001). Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable intake relates significantly, albeit weakly inversely, to weight change. For persons who stop smoking, high fruit and vegetable intakes may be recommended to reduce the risk of weight gain.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 90 (2009) 1.
-
H Du,
A.D,
H.C. Boshuizen,
N.G. Forouchi,
N Wareham,
J. Halkjaer,
A. Tjonneland,
K. Overvad, M.U. Jakobsen,
H Boeing,
B. Buijsse,
G Masala,
D Palli,
T. Sorensen,
W H Saris,
E.J.M. Feskens
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background: Dietary fiber may play a role in obesity prevention. Until now, the role that fiber from different sources plays in weight change had rarely been studied. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the association of total dietary fiber, cereal fiber, and fruit and vegetable fiber with changes in weight and waist circumference. Design: We conducted a prospective cohort study with 89,432 European participants, aged 20–78 y, who were free of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes at baseline and who were followed for an average of 6.5 y. Dietary information was collected by using validated country-specific food-frequency questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in each center studied, and estimates were combined by using random-effect meta-analyses. Adjustments were made for follow-up duration, other dietary variables, and baseline anthropometric, demographic, and lifestyle factors. Results: Total fiber was inversely associated with subsequent weight and waist circumference change. For a 10-g/d higher total fiber intake, the pooled estimate was –39 g/y (95% CI: –71, –7 g/y) for weight change and –0.08 cm/y (95% CI: –0.11, –0.05 cm/y) for waist circumference change. A 10-g/d higher fiber intake from cereals was associated with –77 g/y (95% CI: –127, –26 g/y) weight change and –0.10 cm/y (95% CI: –0.18, –0.02 cm/y) waist circumference change. Fruit and vegetable fiber was not associated with weight change but had a similar association with waist circumference change when compared with intake of total dietary fiber and cereal fiber. Conclusion: Our finding may support a beneficial role of higher intake of dietary fiber, especially cereal fiber, in prevention of body-weight and waist circumference gain.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009 (2009) 91.
-
H Du,
V. Ginder,
S.A. Jebb,
N.G. Forouchi,
N Wareham,
J. Halkjaer,
A. Tjonneland,
K. Overvad, M.U. Jakobsen,
B. Buijsse,
A Steffen,
D Palli,
G Masala,
W H Saris,
T. Sorensen,
E.J.M. Feskens
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background Experimental studies show that a reduction in dietary energy density (ED) is associated with reduced energy intake and body weight. However, few observational studies have investigated the role of ED on long-term weight and waist circumference change. Methods and Principal Findings This population-based prospective cohort study included 89,432 participants from five European countries with mean age 53 years (range: 20–78 years) at baseline and were followed for an average of 6.5 years (range: 1.9–12.5 years). Participants were free of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes at baseline. ED was calculated as the energy intake (kcal) from foods divided by the weight (g) of foods. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the associations of ED with annual weight and waist circumference change. Mean ED was 1.7 kcal/g and differed across study centers. After adjusting for baseline anthropometrics, demographic and lifestyle factors, follow-up duration and energy from beverages, ED was not associated with weight change, but significantly associated with waist circumference change overall. For 1 kcal/g ED, the annual weight change was −42 g/year [95% confidence interval (CI): −112, 28] and annual waist circumference change was 0.09 cm/year [95% CI: 0.01, 0.18]. In participants with baseline BMI<25 kg/m2, 1 kcal/g ED was associated with a waist circumference change of 0.17 cm/year [95% CI: 0.09, 0.25]. Conclusion Our results suggest that lower ED diets do not prevent weight gain but have a weak yet potentially beneficial effect on the prevention of abdominal obesity as measured by waist circumference.
PLoS One 4 (2009) 4.
-
H Du,
A.D,
Bakel,
N. Slimani,
N.G. Forouchi,
N Wareham,
J. Halkjaer,
A. Tjonneland, M.U. Jakobsen,
K. Overvad,
M B Schulze,
B. Buijsse,
H Boeing,
D Palli,
G Masala,
T. Sorensen,
W H Saris,
E.J.M. Feskens
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Objectives: To investigate whether dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) were associated with subsequent weight and waist circumference change. Design: Population-based prospective cohort study. Setting: Five European countries, which are Denmark, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Participants: A total of 89 432 participants, aged 20–78 years (mean =53 years) at baseline and followed for 1.9–12.5 years (mean=6.5 years). All participants were free of self-reported cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes at baseline. Methods: Glycaemic index and GL were calculated on the basis of dietary intake assessed by food frequency questionnaires and by using a GI table developed for this study with published GI values as the main sources. Anthropometric data were collected both at baseline and at the end of follow-up. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted in each centre and random-effect meta-analyses were used to combine the effects. Adjustment was made for baseline anthropometrics, demographic and lifestyle factors, follow-up duration and other dietary factors. Results: Mean GI and GL were 57 and 134, respectively. Associations of GI and GL with subsequent changes of weight and waist circumference were heterogeneous across centres. Overall, with every 10-unit higher in GI, weight increased by 34 g per year (95% confidence interval (CI): −47, 115) and waist circumference increased by 0.19 cm per year (95% CI: 0.11, 0.27). With every 50-unit higher in GL, weight increased by 10 g per year (95% CI: −65, 85) and waist circumference increased by 0.06 cm per year (95% CI: −0.01, 0.13). Conclusions: Our findings do not support an effect of GI or GL on weight change. The positively significant association between GI, not GL, and subsequent gain in waist circumference may imply a beneficial role of lower GI diets in the prevention of abdominal obesity. However, further studies are needed to confirm this finding given the small effect observed in this study.
International Journal of Obesity 33 (2009).
-
N.G. Forouchi,
S Sharp,
H Du,
A.D,
J. Halkjaer,
M B Schulze,
A. Tjonneland,
K. Overvad, M.U. Jakobsen,
H Boeing,
B. Buijsse,
D Palli,
G Masala,
E.J.M. Feskens,
T. Sorensen,
N Wareham
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background: It is unclear from the inconsistent epidemiologic evidence whether dietary fat intake is associated with future weight change. Objective: The objective was to assess the association between the amount and type of dietary fat and subsequent weight change (follow-up weight minus baseline weight divided by duration of follow-up). Design: We analyzed data from 89,432 men and women from 6 cohorts of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study. Using country-specific food-frequency questionnaires, we examined the association between baseline fat intake (amount and type of total, saturated, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated fats) and annual weight change by using the residual, nutrient density, and energy-partition methods. We used random-effects meta-analyses to obtain pooled estimates across centers. Results: Mean total fat intake as a percentage of energy intake ranged between 31.5% and 36.5% across the 6 cohorts (58% women; mean ± SD age: 53.2 ± 8.6 y). The mean (±SD) annual weight change was 109 ± 817 g/y in men and 119 ± 823 g/y in women. In pooled analyses adjusted for anthropometric, dietary, and lifestyle factors and follow-up period, no significant association was observed between fat intake (amount or type) and weight change. The difference in mean annual weight change was 0.90 g/y (95% CI: –0.54, 2.34 g/y) for men and –1.30 g/y (95% CI: –3.70, 1.11 g/y) for women per 1 g/d energy-adjusted fat intake (residual method). Conclusions: We found no significant association between the amount or type of dietary fat and subsequent weight change in this large prospective study. These findings do not support the use of low-fat diets to prevent weight gain.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 90 (2009) 6.
-
A. Cust,
R. Kaaks,
C M Friedenreich,
F Bonnet,
M Laville,
A. Tjonneland,
A. Olsen,
K. Overvad, M.U. Jakobsen,
V. Chajes, [......],
F.J.B van Duijnhoven,
P.H.M. Peeters,
S Bingham,
K T Khaw,
N Allen,
T.J. Key,
P Ferrari,
S Rinaldi,
N. Slimani,
E Riboli
-
S. Sieri,
V Krogh,
F Berrino,
V. Pala,
A Thiebaut,
A. Tjonneland,
A. Olsen,
K. Overvad, M.U. Jakobsen,
F. Clavel-Chapelon, [......],
C.H. van Gils,
T.J. Key,
F. Crowe,
S Bingham,
K T Khaw,
S Rinaldi,
N. Slimani,
M. Jenab,
T. Norat,
E Riboli
-
L. Dossus,
J.D. McKay,
F Canzian,
S. Wilkening,
S Rinaldi,
C. Biessy,
A. Olsen,
A. Tjonneland, M.U. Jakobsen,
K. Overvad, [......],
G Hallmans,
P Lenner,
S Bingham,
K T Khaw,
T.J. Key,
R.C. Travis,
P Ferrari,
M. Jenab,
E Riboli,
R. Kaaks
-
J. Linseisen,
A A Welch,
M.C. Ocke,
P Amiano,
C. Agnoli,
P Ferrari,
E Sonestedt,
V. Chajes,
H.B. Bueno-de-Mesquita,
R. Kaaks, [......], M.U. Jakobsen,
K T Khaw,
F. Crowe,
C. Georgila,
G. Misirli,
M Niravong,
M Touvier,
S Bingham,
E Riboli,
N. Slimani
-
N. Travier,
A Agudo,
A.M. May,
C Gonzalez,
J Luan,
H Besson,
N J Wareham,
N. Slimani,
S Rinaldi,
F. Clavel-Chapelon, [......],
B. Lindkvist, M.U. Jakobsen,
K. Overvad,
A. Tjonneland,
J. Halkjaer,
E Lund,
T. Braaten,
A.D. Odysseos,
E Riboli,
P.H.M. Peeters
