-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The present study developed an intervention program for self-complexity (SC; Linville, 1987), and examined the effects of this program on college students. Participants (N = 40) were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received one session of psycho-education about SC, and kept daily records of self-aspects (social roles, interpersonal relationships, specific events/behaviors, traits, abilities, etc.) for one week. All participants were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire three times (pre, post, and follow-up). The questionnaire was comprised of items evaluating depression (The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), SC, positive self-complexity (P-SC), and negative self-complexity (N-SC). The results indicated that P-SC at the post-test was significantly increased and P-SC at the follow-up test was marginally increased in the intervention group, compared with the control group. Furthermore, structured equation modeling revealed that in the intervention group, high P-SC was related to low level of depressed mood after the program.
Shinrigaku kenkyu: The Japanese journal of psychology 06/2010; 81(2):140-8.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Five cases with eating disorders (one case with anorexia nervosa alone, 4 cases with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) complicated with schizophrenia and 3 cases of bulimia nervosa complicated with schizophrenia were reported. The eating disorders and schizophrenia were diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-III-R. As to the type of schizophrenia, 4 patients were of an undifferentiated type and 4 cases were of a disorganized type. Regarding the prepsychotic personality, 6 of the 8 cases showed schizothyme personality traits. All the patients showed depressive symptoms which are relatively common in eating disorders. In all the patients, significant social or school life difflculties persisted and a resumption of premorbid functioning was not seen. The possibility of an afflnity between anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia was discussed.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 06/2008; 46(4):859 - 868. · 2.13 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This study examined the effects of a stress management program for university students related to their stressors, problem-solving abilities (problem-solving confidence, approach-avoidance style, and personal control), knowledge of stress, and stress responses. Participants (n = 27) were randomly assigned to either an intervention or a waiting list control group. The program, including small group discussions, completion of a workbook, and follow-up interviews, was conducted for the intervention group for three weeks. Participants (n = 8 and n = 12 for the intervention and waiting list control groups, respectively) responded to three waves of questionnaires (pre, post, and follow-up). The results showed significant favorable intervention effects for knowledge of stress, problem-solving confidence, and stress responses on the post-tests, while no intervention effects were found at the follow-up.
Shinrigaku kenkyu: The Japanese journal of psychology 09/2007; 78(3):284-9.
-
Masashi Hori
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this report, the author presents circumstances surrounding suicide in university students through the analysis of cases of suicide in Tsukuba University students. The subjects were 52 students (38 undergraduate, 14 graduate; 34 males, 18 females) who had committed suicide from 1974 to 2002. The average suicide rate was 18.6 per 100000, which was less than that of university students a few decades ago. The rate among liberal arts students was higher than that among science students. The number of victims increased later in the school year, and suicides among senior grades were higher. The peaks were distributed in September and March in a school years and on Tuesdays in a week. About 80% of the suicides used hanging and jumping from a height. Hanging was the most common method in both sexes, and the rate of hanging was higher in male than in female. The rate of jumping and overdose or drug was higher in female than in male. Of the 52 subjects, 16 (about 30%) had visited the outpatients clinic in the university health service center. Their clinical diagnosis was clearly divided into schizophrenic disorder and mood disorder. There was a history of suicide attempt in a half of the subjects, half of which, furthermore, had attempted suicide more than once. About half of them committed suicide less than two weeks after the last clinical visit. There might be some possible explanations for this overlooking of potential suicides, including remission of vigilance, difficulty in diagnosis and difficulty in cultivating rapport. Furthermore, suicide victims had less tendency to think of themselves as cheerful than control subjects at the point of entrance. Taking these results into consideration, the author made a few suggestions regarding suicide prevention in university students.
Seishin shinkeigaku zasshi = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica 02/2005; 107(6):545-62.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This investigation was conducted to quantitate the anxiety associated with third molar extraction in university students, and to compare the measured anxiety before and after extraction and between men and women, first and second extraction, and impacted versus nonimpacted tooth extraction.
The Japanese version of The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a psychological test, was given to 108 students undergoing third molar extraction. The students completed the test on the first examination (day 1), immediately before the extraction (day 2), and the day after the extraction (day 3).
The state anxiety (STAI-S) score showed no significant difference between days 1 and 2, but the score on day 3 was lower than that on day 1, with a decrease in cases with a stage IV or V. Women showed more anxiety state on day 2 than men. The anxiety score on days 2 and 3 for the second extraction were significantly lower than those for the first extraction in 43 students who underwent third molar extractions twice. The change in the trait anxiety (STAI-T) stage was unremarkable among days 1, 2, and 3. No statistical difference was found in the anxiety between students undergoing impacted and nonimpacted third molar extraction.
The anxiety status of students undergoing third molar extraction could be quantitatively evaluated using the STAI. The results of this investigation may provide oral maxillofacial surgeons with useful information about patients' anxiety throughout the tooth removal process.
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontics 08/2004; 98(1):23-7. · 1.46 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A patient with catatonic type schizophrenia drawing 3-dimensional computer graphics (3DCGs) before and after the onset is reported. His 3DCGs are discussed from the view of psychopathology. A 21-year-old male was admitted to our hospital. He was an art student. For three months before admission, he had been absorbed in drawing 3DCGs. When he was asked to draw handmade pictures by his teacher, he experienced a bizarre mood and took an overdose of aspirin. At the time of admission, he was in a stupor state, and was diagnosed with catatonic type schizophrenia. After admission, he exhibited excitement and disorganized speech. These symptoms disappeared after administration of neuroleptics, and he was discharged. The 3DCGs he drew before and after the onset revealed several special characteristics. First, the compositions of his pictures were too geometric and too precise. Secondly, the themes of his pictures changed from romantic before the onset to symbolic after it, and the styles changed from realistic to abstractive after the onset. Finally, histograms of the 3DCGs revealed many colors before onset, which converged to simple colors after. Therefore, it was suggested that the latent pathological process at the beginning of schizophrenia might be reflected in his 3DCGs. 3DCGs are a new type of fine art. They can express beautiful and cool images more simply than handmade pictures. Due to these features, artists can create images of their innerworld, with less effort and talent than picture drawings, by computer assistance. This case suggests that the geometric working space, change-free viewpoints, and computer assistance, which are characteristics of the methods in making 3DCGs may be suitable for schizophrenic artists to create images of their innerworld. However, being absorbed in making 3DCGs could also promote the latent schizophrenic process to the onset.
Seishin shinkeigaku zasshi = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica 02/2004; 106(10):1218-31.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The relationship between the time of minimum body temperature and life-style regularity was investigated in 13 delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) patients, by using social rhythm metrics (SRM). The time of core body temperature minimum was negatively correlated with the SRM score (primary end-point) and the activity level index (ALI) score (secondary end-point). This means that lower regularity in social activities contributes to a later circadian phase.
Sleep and Biological Rhythms 11/2003; 1(3):251 - 252. · 0.48 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: 筑波大学博士 (医学) 学位論文・平成5年1月31日授与 (乙第835号) 付:参考論文 妄想を伴ううつ病は、実地診療の場では妄想性うつ病(Delusional Depression)と呼ばれているが、これはAmerican Psychiatric Association(APA)が作成した精神障害分類(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ... http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?bookid=447312
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: 抑うつをめぐっての心理学的研究は、従来から心理学や精神医学の分野で数多く行われてきているが、2つのアプローチに大別することができる。ひとつは、うつ病者に特異なパーソナリティ特徴を明らかにしたり、抑うつに陥りがちな人々に共通した性格特性を見出すといった性格研究という ... Recent researches on depression identifies the perfectionism and the parental bonding as the influential psychosocial factors. However, Tsuji (1992) divided the perfectionism into following three subcategories: the pursuit of ... http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=665409&tocid=100042386&page=235-242
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to investigate for social skills associated with social support providing in Japanese university students. 647 participants completed questionnaire survey measured social skills(initiation of new relationships, decoding, selfassertiveness, emotional regulation, maintenance of intimate relationships, encoding), social support provision for family and close friends, and social support reception from family and close friends. Structured equation modeling revealed that high level of maintenance of intimate relationships and encoding skills, and low level of self-assertiveness were associated with high level of support perception from both family and close friends through support provision for them. These result suggested that increasing maintenance of intimate relationships and encoding skills with keeping low level of self-assertiveness help Japanese university students to increase their social support providing.
-
恭子 山田,
匡 堀,
祥子 國田,
和光 中條,
キョウコ ヤマダ,
Kyōko Yamada,
マサシ ホリ,
ショコ クニタ,
カズミツ チュウジョウ,
Kazumitsu Chūjō,
Kyoko Yamada, Masashi Hori,
Shoko Kunita,
Kazumitsu Chujo
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: 近年, 生きる力の育成の観点から, 自己調整学習(Zimmerman, 1986, 1989)に関心が集まっている。自己調整学習では, 学習方略をプランニングする過程が重要とされる。そこで, 本研究では, 達成動機と自己効力感が学習方略の使用とどのような関係にあるかを調べた。具体的には, 達成動機と自己効力感を測定し, それらの高低の組み合わせで学習者を4つの群に区分して, それぞれの群の学習方略使用を比較した。調査の結果, (1)自己充実的達成動機の高い学習者は, 低い学習者よりも, 抽象的学習方略(例: 授業中先生の話をよく聞く), 基礎的学習方略(例: 覚えたい内容に線を引く), 自己調整的学習方略(例: 自分で自分の成果をほめる)を使用すること, (2)競争的達成動機の高低のみでは, 学習方略の使用について説明が困難であること, (3)自己効力感が高い学習者は, 低い学習者よりも抽象的学習方略, 基礎的学習方略, 自己調整的学習方略を使用するのに対し, 自己効力感の低い学習者は不適応的学習方略(例: 一夜漬け)を使用することが示唆された。これらの結果を考慮することによって, 学習者の適性に応じた学習指導が可能になり, 自ら学ぶ力の向上に貢献できることを考察した。
-
弓 石田,
匡 堀,
由佳 品川,
憲一 兒玉,
裕子 岡本,
姫歌 松下,
泰正 大塚,
ユミ イシダ,
マサシ ホリ,
ユカ シナガワ, [......],
ヒメカ マツシタ,
ヤスマサ オオツカ,
Yasumasa Ōtsuka,
Yumi Ishida, Masashi Hori,
Yuka Shinagawa,
Kenichi Kodama,
Yuko Okamoto,
Himeka Matsushita,
Yasumasa Otsuka
