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ABSTRACT: Much sexual selection theory is based on the idea that ejaculate is cheap. Since further details are unknown our aim was to determine the energy that primate males require for ejaculate production. We addressed this problem by measuring the energy content (in kJ) of ejaculates from Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) using standard bomb calorimetry. Then, we estimated the relative amount of energy that individuals require for ejaculate production by relating the net energy content of ejaculates to males' daily basal metabolic rate (BMR). Fresh macaque ejaculate contains 3.0 kJ ml(-1). Assuming a mean volume of 2.7 ml an average macaque ejaculate contains 8.1 kJ. Depending on the individuals' body mass (6-13 kg) and the number and volume of the ejaculates, macaque males are assumed to use between at least 0.8% and at most 6.0% of their BMR for ejaculate production per day during the breeding season. Even when regarding only the minimal energy investment of 0.8% of daily BMR for ejaculate production, clearly ejaculates come with some cost for primate males.
Primates 08/2006; 47(3):272-4. · 1.40 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A total of 268 nonhuman primates (20 species) kept in the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan, were surveyed
for intestinal amebas. Total positive rates as based on the presence of cysts in the stool following formalin-ether sedimentation
were as follows: Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar, 53%; E. coli, 34%; E. hartmanni, 34%; Iodamoeba buetschlii, 25%; Endolimax nana, 8%; and E. chattoni, 3%. Positive rates were higher in Old World monkeys and lower in New World monkeys. All the 141 E. histolytica/E. dispar-positive animals were Macaca monkeys. The E. histolytica/E. dispar-positive samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for identification of E. histolytica and E. dispar. E. dispar DNA was detected in 137 samples, whereas no E. histolytica DNA was seen. Zymodeme analysis and reactivity to monoclonal antibodies of cultured trophozoites also supported the presence
of E. dispar and the absence of E. histolytica. When the sera of 93 macaques were examined by an indirect fluorescent antibody test, only 3 animals proved to be positive
for E. histolytica, showing the lowest titer. These results demonstrate that infection with E. dispar, but not E. histolytica, is predominant in macaques.
Parasitology Research 12/2000; 87(1):14-17. · 2.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The total yearly imports of exotic primates into Japan and the countries of origin from 1971 to 1984 were examined. The species,
numbers, originating countries, and end-uses of the monkeys imported from 1981 to 1984 were also investigated.
After a high plateau of imports which continued until 1980, the total numbers of monkeys imported into Japan were reduced
by half from the pre-1980 level of 7,000–8,000/year to a level of 3,000–4,000/year. This drastic decrease appeared to reflect
the effect of the Washington Convention ratified in 1980. The majority of species imported wereMacaca fascicularis of Southeast Asian origin, followed bySaimiri sciureus of South American origin. Indonesian and MalaysianM. fascicularis represented the major species in the decrease in monkey imports. However, imports from the Philippines have conversely increased
since 1980. Imports ofS. sciureus andCallithrix from South America have remained almost unchanged. These data imply a trend in which experimental monkeys have changed from
macaques to smaller New World monkeys.
Primates 12/1985; 27(1):125-135. · 1.40 Impact Factor
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俊夫 金城,
智恵 坂井,
隆 市川,
宣之 源,
伸子 松林,
清明 松林,
トシオ キンジョウ,
チエ サカイ,
タカシ イチカワ,
ノブユキ ミナモト,
ノブコ マツバヤシ,
キヨアキ マツバヤシ,
Toshio KINJO,
Chie SAKAI,
Takashi ICHIKAWA,
Nobuyuki Minamoto,
Nobuko MATSUBAYASHI, Kiyoaki MATSUBAYASHI
-
正子 木原,
俊夫 金城,
宣之 源,
伸子 松林,
清明 松林,
マサコ キハラ,
トシオ キンジョウ,
ノブユキ ミナモト,
ノブコ マツバヤシ,
キヨアキ マツバヤシ,
Masako KIHARA,
Toshio KINJO,
Nobuyuki Minamoto,
Nobuko MATSUBAYASHI, Kiyoaki MATSUBAYASHI
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隆 市川,
宣之 源,
俊夫 金城,
伸子 松林,
清明 松林,
俊二 後藤,
樹理 鈴木,
修 竹中,
タカシ イチカワ,
ノブユキ ミナモト, [......],
ジュリ スズキ,
オサム タケナカ,
Takashi ICHIKAWA,
Nobuyuki Minamoto,
Toshio KINJO,
Nobuko MATSUBAYASHI, Kiyoaki MATSUBAYASHI,
Shunji Goto,
Juri Suzuki,
Osamu Takenaka
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智恵 坂井,
鉄夫 浅井,
俊夫 金城,
宜之 源,
誠 杉山,
克哉 平井,
晃 橋本,
伸子 松林,
清明 松林,
チエ サカイ, [......],
キヨアキ マツバヤシ,
Chie SAKAI,
Tetsuo ASAI,
Toshio KINJO,
Nobuyuki Minamoto,
Makoto Sugiyama,
Katsuya HIRAI,
Akira HASHIMOTO,
Nobuko MATSUBAYASHI, Kiyoaki MATSUBAYASHI
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俊夫 金城,
順 鈴木,
隆 市川,
宣之 源,
伸子 松林,
清明 松林,
トシオ キンジョウ,
ジュン スズキ,
タカシ イチカワ,
ノブユキ ミナモト,
ノブコ マツバヤシ,
キヨアキ マツバヤシ,
Toshio KINJO,
Jun SUZUKI,
Takashi ICHIKAWA,
Nobuyuki Minamoto,
Nobuko MATSUBAYASHI, Kiyoaki MATSUBAYASHI
